The-virtues-of-growing-older-課后練習答案

TextcomprehensionI.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor’spurposeofwriting.CFromthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphandsecondsentenceinthelastparagraph,wecanseethatitisnotthewriter’spurposetodenythevirtuesofbeingyoung.Shehopestopointoutsomeofthe“distinctadvantages”and“agreatdealofhappinesstobefound”intheprocessofaging.SoAisnotcorrect.Bonlytouchespartofthetext，namelythefirsttwoparagraphs.II.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.F.RefertoParagraph3.Theyweremuchconcernedwiththeirappearances,boththeshapeoftheirbodiesandthefashionoftheirclothes.F.Althoughtheyarestillwearingfashionableclothes,theyarenolongeratthemercyoffashionand“nolongerslavestostyle”.F.Underthecarefreeappearances,youngpeoplearetroubledby“unknownsinthefuture”.T.RefertoParagraph5.III.Answerthefollowingquestions.ThebeginningstatementtellsreadersaboutthefactthatAmericansworshipyouth.Inotherwords,theyareafraidofgrowingolder.Thisfearismanifestedintheirefforts“todelaytheeffectsofage”withthepassionforcosmeticsandphysicalexercises.(Paras.1,2)Thewritermentionsthreeaspectstoshowdistinctadvantagesofgrowingolder，i.e.1essconcernofone’sappearance(Para.3),lessuncertaintyabouttheunknownsinthefuture(Para.4)andself-identity(Para.5).Thewritersays,“whenyouareyoung，majordecisionsawaityouateveryturn.”Thissuggeststhattheyfeeluncertainaboutwhatwouldhappentothemandwhattheywoulddointhefuture.(Para.4)Thewriterpresentsthedistinctdifferencebetweentheadolescentsandtheforty-year-oldsbyrepeateduseof“Beingyoungmeans…”or“Itmeans…”incontrastwith“I…now…”or“Inolonger…”.(Para.5)Thewriterlearnsthesignificancefromherparents’contentmentthatthenewer(younger)isnotnecessarilybetter,andshecanbehappierthanbeforeasshegrowsolder.(Para.6)IV.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentencetakenfromthetext.Iamembarrassedtoadmitthatwomenarelesscapablethanmenofresistingthetemptationoffashion.Itmeansthatyoumakefriendswithdifferentpeopleinordertofindanewidentityforyourself.Structuralanalysisofthetext參見“篇章分析”部分VocabularyexercisesI.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1.arelikelyto2.breakup/disintegrate3.asawhole4.powerlessagainst/completelycontrolledby5.notsurprising/onlytoonaturalII.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.obsessive譯文：她過分擔心自己會失控，因此從不感情外露。2.moodiness譯文：工作壓力很大的人們常會悶悶不樂、易怒和喪失信心。3.tolerable譯文：他們想要一個過得去的生活—食物再多一些、住得再好一點，還有和平。4.beneficial譯文：最終，公司和其投資者們達成一項互利的協(xié)定。5.satisfying譯文：同智障人士一起工作有可能會是令人滿意和大有裨益的經(jīng)歷。III.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartineachsentencewithoutchangingitsoriginalmeaning.1.C譯文：加利福尼亞的科學家們認為他們可能已經(jīng)找到了一種延緩衰老的方法。解析：delay和postpone意義相近，都表示“延遲，使延期”；stop表示“停止”；quicken表示“加快”，這兩個選項應(yīng)該沒有干擾性；要注意的是prolong，它表示“tomakelonger延長”,有一定的干擾。2.D譯文：劇院為了經(jīng)營下去，不得不請求捐助。解析：begfor表示“請求，乞求”，此處和askfor意義最接近；settlefor表示“滿足于”；applyfor表示“請求，申請”，一般指請求或申請政府機構(gòu)或相關(guān)組織的資金或援助，不宜接donation（捐贈，捐助）；lookfor表示“尋找，期待”。 3.A譯文：員工養(yǎng)老金可以選擇按月領(lǐng)取或者一次性領(lǐng)取。解析：此句中elect后接不定式表示“選擇”與choose接不定式意思相近；prefer(to)表示“更喜歡”同后面并列連詞or顯然矛盾；take(to)表示“開始喜歡上”；agree(to)表示“同意”，語法上能說通，但語義不同。4.A譯文：那些在學業(yè)上對孩子過于嚴厲的父母親最終會被小孩子們怨恨的。解析：resent表示“憤恨，怨恨”，beingangrywith表示“對（某人）生氣”，兩者意思相近。beinggratefulto表示“感激…”；beingagainst表示“違反，無視，反對”；beingfor表示“擁護，受責備”。5.B譯文：足球流氓對法院的判決報以嘲笑。解析：laughat表示“嘲笑…，漠視…”，makefunof表示“取笑…”smileat表示“對…（善意地）微笑”，顯然同hooligan(流氓)不相匹配；acceptobediently表示“順從地接受”，reject表示“拒絕，抵制”均不合句意。IV.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordorphrasetakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.1.delayed譯文：因為工作壓力的關(guān)系，我給你的答復推遲了。解析：首先，原句缺少謂語動詞；然后根據(jù)介詞短語becauseof的內(nèi)容，選出delay；此處如果選resent從語法角度似乎也能說得通。2.Feverishly譯文：他滿懷熱情的投入工作，當天就完成了整部協(xié)奏曲的譜寫。解析：首先，此句缺少狀語成分；然后根據(jù)并列連詞and連接的后一分句內(nèi)容不難選出feverishly，另一副詞automatically語義不通。3.facade譯文：盡管他們擺出一付誠實的樣子，我知道他們參與了各種各樣的犯罪行為。解析：首先，不定冠詞a與介詞of之間需要一名詞；然后由although引導的讓步狀語從句中的honesty和主句中的criminalactivities語意對立這一點選出fa?ade，因為它有“表面上看起來”之意。4.confronted譯文：第一天工作，我就面臨主持會議的工作。解析：首先，應(yīng)該看出be動詞后要么接過去分詞組成被動語態(tài)，要么接表語組成系表結(jié)構(gòu)；再由后面介詞with，想到be___with結(jié)構(gòu)，最后根據(jù)句義選出confront改變形式后為confronted，beconfrontedwith表示“面臨（困難，挑戰(zhàn)等）”。5.premise譯文：英美司法工作基于的前提是疑罪從無。解析：首先定冠詞后需要名詞；再根據(jù)that引導的名詞性從句為要填詞的同位語解釋其內(nèi)容這一點選出名詞premise。V.Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.1.prepare 2.progress 3.foresee4.parallel5.persuade 6.dialogueGrammarexercisesI.Notetheuseoftheitalicizedpartsinthefollowingsentences.(略)II.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriateformsofthenounsgiven．1.agony 2.agonies 3.experience 4.experiences5.youth6.ayouth 7.agreathelp 8．a(chǎn)goodknowledge9.agrayhair10.workIII.Choosethebestanswers.1.A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.BIV.Completethefollowingwithevery,each,everyone,everyoneora11.1.a11,Everyone 2.each 3.Every4.each 5.Everyone 6.EachV.Makesentencesofyourownafterthesentencegivenbelow，keepingtheunderlinedpartsinyoursentences.1.Aslongaswefeelgoodabouthowwelook,wearehappy.e.g.Wedon’tgooutmuch—aslongaswecangoforadrinkonceaweekwe’resatisfied.Aslongasyouhaveyourhealthandyoursanity,moneyisn’treallyimportant.2.Obviously，Istillhaveimportantchoicestomakeaboutmylife,butIhavealreadymademanyofthecriticaldecisionsthatconfrontthosejuststartingout.e.g.Obviously,thediscomfortofthejobisnotenoughtopreventthisyoungmanfromhisgoal—makingmoneyforhiseducation.Obviously,ifyouwanttoloseweightveryquickly,youshoulddotwothingsatthesametime:eatlessandexercisemore!3.…Iamnolongerterrifiedthatpeoplewilllaughatme.e.g.“WhiteOnly”signshavebeenremovedfromrestaurantsandotherpublicplaces,andblacksarenolongerbarredfromswimmingpools.Thepublicwillnolongeracceptthegovernment’seconomicpolicy.4.Weareallhumanbeings—neithersaintsnordevils.e.g.Foodisarealneed,butwhataboutthesugarcoatedbreakfastfoodadvertisedontelevision?It’sneithernecessarynornutritious.Thecustomerneitherneedsnorplanstobuycandiesandchewinggums,whichareattractivelydisplayed.TranslationexercisesTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordorphrasegiveninthebracket.Inflectthewordorphrasewherenecessary.Theywereallstaringatme—honestly,Ihadneverfeltsoembarrassedinmywholelife.Beforeyoucanmaketherightchoice，youneedalotmoreinformation.Thepartyfailedtoconvincethemajorityofthevotersthatitwascapableofgoverningthecountry.Tokeepslim,shedeniedherselfice-creams.Recentlyhehastakenupwithtwobadboys,whichmakeshisparentsreallyangry.Haveyoureadthesenewspaperreports?Theytotallycontradicteachother.Inanumberofprofessionsitispossibletocontinueworkingbeyondtheretirementage.Whenhewasinthemood,hewouldsinghisfavoritesong.ExercisesforintegratedskillsI.DictationIthink／thatasuccessfuloldageiseasiestforthose／whohavestrongimpersonalinterests／leadingtosuitableactivities.／Itisintheseactivities／thatlongexperienceisreallyfruitf