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2024年中考英語逆襲沖刺名校模擬真題速遞(廣州專用)第五期專題03閱讀理解之說明文10篇(名校模擬)(2024·廣東廣州·一模)WilliamButlerYeats,wasanIrishpoetanddramatistandoneoftheforemostfiguresof20th-centuryliterature.HewasborninDublinonJune13,1865,Hischildhoodlackedtheharmony(和睦)thatwastypicalofahappyfamily.Later,Yeatsshockedhisfamilybysayingthatheremembered“l(fā)ittleofchildhoodbutitspain”.Infact,heinheritedexcellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.Buthefinallysettledonliterature,particularlydramaandpoetry.Yeatshadstrongfaithincomingofnewartisticmovements.HesethimselfthefreshtaskinfoundinganIrishnationaltheatreinthelate1890s.Hisearlytheatricalexperimentshoweverwerenotreceivedfavorablyatthebeginning.Hedidn’tloseheart,andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.Comparedwithhisdramaticworks,Yeats’spoemsattractmuchadmiringnotice.Thesubjectmatterincludeslove,nature,history,timeandaging.ThoughYeatsgenerallyreliedonverytraditionalforms,hebroughtmodernsensibilitytothem.Ashisliterarylifeprogressed,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhimtoworldwiderecognition.YeatsisconsideredoneofthefewwriterswhosegreatestworkswerecompletedafterbeingawardedtheNobelPrize,whichhewonin1923.Hecontinuedwritingalmosttotheendofhislife,producinghisgreatestworksbetweentheagesof50and75.HadYeatsstoppedwritingatage40,hewouldprobablynowbevaluedasaminorpoet,asthereisnootherexampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwhoproduceshisgreatestworksbetweentheseages.SuchworksincludeTheTower(1928)andTheWindingStairandOtherPoems(1929).Aftersufferingfromavarietyofillnessesforseveralyears,YeatsdiedinMenton,1939.ThelastpoemhewrotewastheTheBlackTower.AfterYeats’sdeath,W.H.Audenwrote,amongothers,thefallingliners:Earth,receiveanhonouredguest:WilliamYeatsislaidtorest.LettheIrishvessel(船)lieEmptiedofitspoetry.1.WhatcanyoulearnaboutYeats’sfamilyaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Itwasahappyfamily.B.ItwasshockedbyYeats’schoice.C.Itwasatypicallywealthyfamily.D.Ithadanartisticatmosphere.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inherited”(inparagraph1)probablymean?A.failedto B.succeededto C.gaveup D.worriedabout3.InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninYeats’slife?a.HewonaNobelPrizeofLiterature.b.HefoundedanIrishnationaltheatre.c.HewasdeadinMenton.d.TheWindingStairwaspublished.e.HewroteTheBlackTower.A.b→a→e→d→c B.b→a→d→e→cC.a(chǎn)→b→d→c→e D.a(chǎn)→b→c→d→e4.WhatkindoffeelingisexpressedinW.H.Auden’slines?A.Happiness. B.Sympathy. C.Emptiness. D.Admiration.(2024·廣東廣州·一模)Whenyouthinkofanewplaceforgrowingfood,youmightthinkofMars.ButoneItalianfamilybelievesonepossibleplaceisrighthereontheEarth:theocean.Nemo’sGardenistheworld’sfirstunderwatersystemoflandplants.LocatedoffthecoastofNoli,Italy,itismadeupofseveralgreenhouses.Eachofthemisconnectedtotheseafloor.“Theaimofitistochangefarming,andaddapossibilityforgrowingplantsintheocean.WhatwehaveonEarthwillbeuseduponeday,andsuchgardenscanofferusaddedspace.”saysLuca,thesonofthefamily.Luca’sfather,whoenjoysdivingandgardening,cameupwiththeidea.In2012,thefamilybeganwithplantingbasilunderwater.NowNemo’sGardenisgrowingstrong.AccordingtoLuca,underwaterplantinghassomeadvantagesovertraditionalfarming.Intheirgarden,growingsixtotenmetersunderwater,theplantsareseparatedfromanyoutsideviruses.Thetemperatureoftheoceanwaterisalsoperfectforplants.Besides,withhightechnology,Nemo’sGardenuseswater-basednutrients(養(yǎng)分)insteadofsoil.What’smore,thereislittleinfluenceontheunderwaterenvironment,sonoharmiscausedtoseacreatures.Moreworkisdonetomakesureunderwaterplantingworkswell.Everythingiswatchedandcheckedonlandthroughcamerasandsensors.Andifthereissomethingwrong,thefamilywillchangethesettingsinthegreenhouses.Whenit’stimetocollectthevegetables,adiverwillcutthem,placetheminbagsandsendthemtothesurface.“Manylocalpeopleweredoubtfulaboutouridea.Somepeoplearerealizingthatitworks,andithelpsputNolionthetouristmap.”Lucasays,“Weneedsomeonewhothinksaboutcrazythings.Itmightbesomething,oritmightnot.Butwehavethecouragetotry.Wehavebiggerplansalthoughitwilltakeyearstoworkonthem.”5.WhatcanwelearnaboutNemo’sGarden?A.ItcangrownewplantsforpeopleonEarth.B.Itcanprovidemorefarmingspaceforpeople.C.Itisahugegreenhousetiedtotheseafloor.D.TheideaofNemo’sGardencamefromLuca.6.Comparedtotraditionalfarming,howmanyadvantagesdoesNemo’sgardenhave?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.7.WhatdoesLucathinkofbuildingthegarden?A.Itiscrazytodoubtaboutthegarden.B.Itisbraveofthemtobuildthegarden.C.Itwilltakeyearsforthegardentobepopular.D.Morevisitorsshouldbeinvitedtothegarden.8.What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toencouragepeopletotrynewideas.B.Toshowatechnologyofoceanexploration.C.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.D.Tointroduceanewtypeofunderwaterfarming.(2024·廣東廣州·一模)Mary,68,afamousItalianengineer,hasbeenamemberofEatingLightClubinGuangzhouforayear.“Iusedtobetooheavyandhavesleepingproblems,andasaresultIhadtovisitthedoctorfromtimetotime.ButamazinglymysituationhasbeengreatlyimprovedsinceIjoinedtheEatingLightClub.Intheclub,lightfoodsarerecommendedbecausetheyarefoodsthatyourbodyfindseasytotakeinandgetnutritionfrom.Ialsolearnedtomakesometastylightmealsandhavereallygotintoit.SowhentheFreeFoodFaircamearound,Ichallengedmyselftoalightdinnerrecipe.Hereitis.”LightDinnerWholeWheatPastaPrepTime:10minutes;CookingTime:30minutes;Servings:2people;Howtocook
Cutthevegetablesandgeteverythingready.
Addsomewatertoasouppot,andletitcometoaboil.
Addthepasta,salt,andalittleoliveoilandcookforabout15to20minutes.Atthesametime,heattheoliveoilinapan.
Addgarlicandfryitinthepan.Whenitturnsbrown,addthechickenbreastandcookfor5minutes.Thenaddthevegetablesandfryfor3to4minutes.
Drainthepastatomakesurethereislittlewaterleft,andthenaddthefriedvegetablesandchicken.
Addthemixtureoftheoregano,oliveoil,salt,andpepper.
Topitwithcheese.9.AccordingtoMary,whomayfindlightfoodhelpful?A.Peopleinneedoflosingweight. B.Famousfoodlovers.C.PeopleattendingtheFreeFoodFair. D.Patientsinhospital.10.Whatcan’tbefoundinMary’srecipe?A.Thetimeneededforthecooking.B.Thecostofthelightdinner.C.Thestepstocookthelightdinner.D.Thenumberofpeopletobeserved.11.Whichpicturebestshowstheunderlinedphrase“Drainthepasta”?A. B. C. D.(2024·廣東廣州·一模)Youcouldn’tdeeplyexperienceChengduifyoudon’tpreparetodonothing.Sitonabamboochair,spreadyourfeetoutandlettheafternoonslowaway.Listentohotwaterpouredintoteacups.Tastemelonseeds(瓜子)orboiledpeanuts.Andteahousesaretherightplacesforyouandshouldalwaysbeonyourmust-golist.SichuanisoneofChina’smajortea-producingregions.ChengduwasfamousforitsteahousesasearlyastheTangdynasty.Forcenturies,teahouseswereplacesforfunandtea.There,customerscanenjoystorytelling,music,andespeciallySichuanOpera.Thatisnotapopularartthesedays,butYuelaiTeahousebesideJinjiangTheaterstillarrangesoperaseverySaturdayafternoon.YouwillfindmostofChengdu’straditionalteahousesinparks.HemingTeahouseinRenminParkattractslunchtimeofficeworkersandafternoonvisitors.Whennoisegetstoomuchbecauseofmorevisitors,moveontoShaochengTeahouseinthesamepark.Visitorsareolderandquieter.Theybringsongbirds,hangingtheircagesintreesandhavefun.However,new-styleteahouseshavebeenopenedtoattracttheyoungergeneration.Theywanttohaveatastefortraditionalteasinamoremodernstyle.ThemostfamousoneofthemisMiXunTeahouseinTaikooLi,whichisrightinthecity’smostfashionableshoppingarea.Asinallteahouses,theteacomesinseparatepacketswhichcanbekeptwarm.MaofenggreenteafromMountEmei,southofChengdu,isthetraditionalfavorite.Shaketheleavesintoyourcup.Don’tletthewaterinyourcupgettoolow,sinceanybadtastefromtheleavesisonthebottom.Youcanenjoyyourteaallafternoonandordernothingelse.InChengduteahouses,peoplerelaxthemselvesbystayingawayfrombusyworkandlife.ThecapitalofSichuanisdevelopingfasttoo,buthasmanagedtokeepitsslowerstylethathasbeenlostinmanyotherChinesecities.12.Thefirstparagraphleadstothetopicby________.A.tellingstories B.creatingasceneC.givingreasons D.a(chǎn)skingquestions13.What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Themaintypesofteahouses. B.Theaddressofteahouses.C.Differentvisitorsofteahouses. D.Someactivitiesinteahouses.14.WhyshouldyouNOTletthewaterinyourcupgettoolowwhendrinkingtea?A.Becauseitmaymaketheteatoohot. B.Becauseitmaymaketheleavesfloat.C.Becauseitmaymaketheteanottasty. D.Becauseitmaymaketheteatoobitter.15.Whichisthebestwaytodividethepassage?A. B. C. D.(2024·廣東廣州·一模)What’sthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel?Ofcourse,thebooksthatcanbringyouclosertotheplacesyouvisit.Byreadingthebooks,thoseplaceswillbecomemoreattractivewhentheyareinfrontofyou!Herearethebooksyoucancarryifyouwanttogotothefollowingplaces.Where’dYouGo,BernadetteItisanovelwrittenbyMariaSemple.Itistoldinemailsandstories.IttalksabouthowBeeBranchtriestofindhermissingmother,Bernadette.ThestoryhappensinSeattle,Washington.Althoughithassomeheart-breakingplots,ingeneralit’safunnystory.Thisnovelcanbeagoodfriendwhenyouvisitthosefamousplacesmentionedinthebook.Midnight’sChildrenMidnight’sChildrenisanovelof20th-century’sIndia.SalmanRushdie’sstorybeginsatmidnight,onthenightofIndia’sindependence(獨立).The1,001childrenbornatthathourarefoundtohavemagicalpowers.Thisnovelismixedwithimaginationandrealevents.Byreadingthisbook,youcanalsoknowmoreaboutthecustomsofIndia.AWildChild’sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsHerecomesthisgreatcelebrationoftheanimalkingdom!ItiswrittenbyMillieMarotta,aNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthor.Thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater,oceans,forests,mountains,deserts,grasslandsandwetlandsaroundtheworldwhilelearningaboutrareandwell-knownanimalsandtheirlivingplaces.MyNameisRedThebookiswrittenbytheNobelPrizewinnerforLiterature,OrhanPamuk.Ithasbeentranslatedintomorethan50languagesandpublishedaroundtheworld.Ittellsastoryofayoungman,whohasbeenawayfromhomefor12years,comingbacktohishometowninIstanbul.Thebookisfullofdetailedpictureswhichshowthespecialtraditionoflocalculture.Italsoencouragespeopletohaveadeeperthinkingoflife.16.Whomightbemostinterestedinreadingthepassage?A.Studentsinterestedinworldhistory.B.Authorsinneedofwritingadvice.C.Booksellerslookingforadvertisements.D.Travellersinneedofguide.17.IfJaneisinterestedinnature,whichbookisthebestchoiceforher?A.Midnight’sChildren B.AWildChild’sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsC.MyNameisRed D.Where’dYouGo,Bernadette18.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.BeeBranchwentonatripinSeattlewithhermother.B.TheplotsinSalmanRushdie’sstoryallcomefromreallife.C.MillieMarotta’sbookshowsbeautifulscenesmainlyfromIndia.D.MyNameisRedisapopularbookallovertheworld(2024·廣東廣州·一模)Ondifficultdaysit’seasytoforgetwhatcheersyouupandmakesyoufeelhappy.But,bycreatingapieceofwordart,youwillhaveareminderyoucanturntoforideaswheneveryouneedit.Whatisahappinessmanifesto?Ahappinessmanifestoisadeclaration(宣言)ofwhatmakesyouhappy.Bymakingyourhappinessmanifestointoapieceofwordart,youcangetcreativeandplaceitinyourhometoseeeveryday.Tomakeyourhappinessmanifesto,youneedtogetapieceofpaperandapenandwritealistofeverythingyouenjoyandmakesyouhappy.Fromplayingwithfriendstoreadingtofootball,there’snolimittohowmanythingsyoucanwrite.Next,readthewordsandphrasesyou’vewrittenandcirclethosethatarereallyimportanttoyourhappiness,andwhatyoumostlovetodo.Crossoutanyyoudon’tfeelexcitedabout.Decidewhetheryou’regoingtomakeyourwordposterwithpens,orcreateitonacomputer.Ifyou’reusingacomputerapp,chooseatypeface(字體)youlikeandarrangeyourwordsandphrasesonanA4page.Makethewordsthesameordifferentcoloursandthenprintitout.Ifyou’remakingyourposterbyhand,writeorpaintyourwordsonapieceofpaperorcard,makingitascolourfulasyouwant.Placeyoureye-catchinghappinessmanifestoposterinaplaceyoucanseeiteverydayasareminder.Francesca,creatorofajournalonhappiness,believestherearelotsofreasonsweshouldcelebratewhatmakesushappy.“Itmakesuskinderandmorehelpfultoothers,morecreativeandbetteratdealingwithchallenges,”shesays.Nooneishappyallthetimeandwhenyoufeelanxiousorsad,yourbraincangoroundincircleswithyourworries.Withahappinessmanifesto,youcanlookatthingsatthebrightsideandgiveyoumoreideasforwhattodonext.19.Ahappinessmanifestoismainlyusedto________.A.remindustodosomethingB.showourartisticskillsC.decorateourroomD.raiseourspirits20.Whichshowsthecorrectstepstomakeahappinessmanifesto?a.Colouryourwordstomakethembeautiful.b.Listoutwhatyouenjoy.c.Placeitinyourroom.d.Deletewhatyoudon’tfeelexcited.e.Typeorwritedownyourwordsonpaperoracard.A.b-d-e-a-c B.b-d-e-c-a C.e-d-b-c-a D.e-d-b-a-c21.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Awaytomakeourselvespleased.B.Solutionstodealwithproblems.C.Sometipstomakeamanifesto.D.Howtoshareyourhappiness.(2024·廣東廣州·一模)Howdoplantsgrowinspace?AnexperimentattheTiangongspacestationcanprovidetheanswer.Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗),whichmayshowushowastronautscancultivatefoodtosupportlong-termspaceflights.“Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell.”ZhengHuiqiong,ascientistattheCenterforExcellenceinMolecularPlantSciencesoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,toldChinaDaily.SincethericeexperimentbeganonJuly29,2022,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevariety(高桿水稻品種)havereachedaheightofabout30centimeters.Plus,theseedlingsofthedwarfricevariety(矮稈水稻品種)havegrowntoaround5centimeters.Whiletherehavebeenotherriceexperimentsinspace,theonebeingconductedonTiangongisthefirstofitskind.Itaimstoproducethecompletelifecycleoftheplant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswithagrownplantproducingnewseeds.Theastronautswillkeepstudyingtheplants.Iftheexperimentissuccessful,theywillcollectthenewlyproducedseedsandbringthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudies,Zhengadded.Sincethe1980s,Chinahasbeentakingtheseedsofcropstospace.Butgrowingriceinorbitisadifferentchallengeduetothehardconditionsinspace.Micro-gravity,noairandhigh-energycosmicraysmaymakeithardfortheplantstogrow.Ricehasbeenthemostimportantfoodforastronautsforalongtime.USastronautsontheApollo11mission—thefirsthumanstolandonthemooninJuly1969—atefreeze-driedchickenandriceduringtheirtriptospace.Ifsuchanexperimentgoeswell,astronautswillbeabletogrowtheirfoodinorbit,reducinghowmuchfoodhastobetakenonspaceflights.22.Whatdoes“cultivate”inParagraph1probablymean?A.find B.grow C.waste D.cook23.WhatisthepurposeofdescribingtheheightsofthericevarietiesinParagraph2?A.Totellusaboutthescientists’work. B.Tomakeusinterestedinspaceexploration.C.Toshowthericeexperimentisgoingwell. D.Tointroducedifferenttypesofriceseedlings.24.WhatisspecialaboutthericeexperimentbeingdoneonTiangong?A.It’sthefirstriceexperimentinspace.B.ThegravityonEarthwillinfluencethegrowingoftherice.C.It’sthefirstexperimenttotrytoproducericeinacompletelifecycle.D.Ifitworks,thenewlyproducedriceplantwillbebroughtbacktoEarth.25.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Futurespacemissions. B.Theimportanceofthericeexperiment.C.Thebestfoodchoicesforastronauts. D.Changesinastronauts’foodthroughhistory.(2024·廣東廣州·一模)DoyouknowthatmostoftheenergyweusecomesfromtheSun?Forexample,weusewindenergyandhydroenergytoproduceelectricity.Besides,theSunhelpsplantstogrow.Plantsthatgrewmillionsofyearsagoturnedintocoal,oil,andnaturalgas.Wecallthesefossilfuels(化石燃料).However,fossilfuelsmakepollution.ThisisbadfortheEarth.Fossilfuelsarealsononrenewable.Somedaytheywillbegone.So,scientistswantpeopletousegreenenergy.Whyisgreenenergyimportant?First,itisclean.Itdoesn’thurttheEarth.Next,itisrenewable.Itwon’trunout.Greenenergygivesusmorethan30%oftheelectricityweusetoday.Whatarethemainsources(來源)ofgreenenergy?WaterPowerWaterpowerusesmovingwaterinriversanddams.Movingwaterhasenergy.Waterpowermakes16.6%oftheelectricityweuse.WindPowerIswindpowernew?No,itisn’t.Peopleusedwindpowermanyyearsago.Windpowermakes4%oftheelectricityweuse.SolarPowerSolarpowercomesfromsunlight.TheSunshinesonsolarpanels,andelectricityismade.Solarpowerisnowascheapassomefossilfuels.Itmakes8%oftheelectricityweuse.Biomass(生物質(zhì)能)Biomassisenergythatwegetfromplantsaroundus.Forexample,deadwoodorgrassisburnedinpowerstations.Thismakeselectricity.Biomassisgreenenergybecauseweplantnewtreesorcropsafterweusethem.Biomassmakes2%oftheelectricityweuse.NewGreenEnergyTheoceanrisesandfallseachday.Thismovingwatercanmakeelectricity.Wecallittidalpower.ThereisalsoheatundertheEarth’ssurface.▲Wemayfindothersourcesofgreenenergyinthefuture.Someday,greenenergycouldmake100%oftheelectricityweuse.That’sgoodnewsfortheEarth!26.HowdoesthewriterdevelopParagraph1?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bytellingstories.C.Bylistingnumbers. D.Bycomparingfacts.27.Whydoscientistssuggestusinggreenenergy?A.Itiseasytoproduceit. B.Itisascheapasfossilfuels.C.Itiscleanandwon’tbeusedup. D.Itisthemainsourceofelectricitynow.28.Choosethebestsentencetofillintheblank“▲”inParagraph8.A.Buttheheatcan’tmakeelectricity.B.Theheatisfromthemovingwaterintheocean.C.ThesunlightcanshinedirectlyontheEarth’ssurface.D.Scientistscanusethisheatforenergy,whichiscalledheatpower.29.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toadvisepeopletoplantmoregreentrees.B.Tointroducesomekindsofgreenenergy.C.Tosharesomeideasonhowtousegreenenergy.D.TosuggestwhatpeoplecandotoprotecttheEarth.(23-24九年級下·廣東廣州·階段練習(xí))Knownas“softgold”,GambieredCantongauze(香云紗)istheonlysilkfabric(織物)that’sstillhand-dyed(手染的)usingnaturalplantsintheworldtoday.Theskillhasahistoryofmorethan500years.In2008,itwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritage(國家非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)).OuyangYongzeisaninheritorofthedyeingskillsfromGuangdong.Themanstartedlearningtheskillsin2017.Thedyeingprocessincludes30steps.Itcantakeuptosixmonthsandisdonebyhandwithmaterialsfromnature.“Theplantshuliang(薯莨),rivermud,sunshine,andgrassareallimportantindyeing,”O(jiān)uyangtoldChinaDaily.Todyethefabric,workersputitinshuliangjuiceandletitdryonthegrass.Theyrepeatthismanytimesuntilitturnsbrownishyellow.Then,theyputrivermudonittohelpshuliangreactfully.Afterwashinganddryingitagain,thefabricturnsblack!Masteringtheskillsisdifficult,accordingtoOuyang,whoputfulleffortintocontrollingthedensity(濃度)ofshuliangjuice.“Toomuchmaycausecolorloss,andtoolittlemaynorleadtoadarkenoughfabric,”hesaid.“Bettercontrolofthedensitycomesaftermanyfailures.”Also,thejobcanbereallytiringasworkershavetobeatworkinthesunfor8hourseachday.Onlyafewpeopleworkintheindustry,andskilledmastersaregettingolderasfeweryoungpeopletakepart.Consideringthis,Ouyangworkshardertodevelopthetraditionalcraft.Hehasgottogetherotherdyeingskillssuchastie-dyeing(扎染法)andbatik(蠟染)andhasworkedwithfamousfashiondesigners.Theyturnthesilkintobothtraditionalandfashionableclothesthatarepopularworldwide.Hethinksthiscanhelpmakethecraftstayaliveanddrewpeopletotheindustry.30.WhichofthefollowingistherightorderofdyeingGambieredCantongauze?①Repeatmanytimesuntilthefabricturnsbrownish-yellow.②Drythefabriconthegrass.③PutthefabricinShuliangjuice.④Putrivermudonthefabrictohelpshuliangreactfully.A.④②①③ B.①④③② C.②④③① D.③②①④31.Whichsentencecantheunderlinedword“inheritor”inParagraph2beputin?A.Thatcompanyoffersgoodvalueandservicetoevery________.B.Everyteenagershouldbea(n)________ofourChineseculturetopassitdown.C.Finally,Mariabecamethe________ofthesingingcompetition.D.Bell,the________ofthetelephone,madethefirstcall.32.Whatdoesparagraph6mainlytalkabout?A.Thejobisdifficultbutpopular. B.Someartistsarecomingtohelptheworkers.C.Passingdowntheskillsischallenging. D.Thejobseemstobecomeeasierthanbefore.33.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Waterisimportantinthecolorduringdyeing.B.Ouyangonlyfailsafewtimesbeforehecontrolsthedensitybetter.C.Therearenopeopletakingpartinthisindustry.D.Thedyeingprocessneedsgreatpatience,excellentskillsandhardwork.(23-24九年級下·廣東廣州·階段練習(xí))SendingastronautstoMarsisabigchallenge.Astronautswillhavetoateeverythingtheyneed,includingfood,airandwater.Theroominsidethespaceshipistoolimitedtoholdmanythings.SopackingaspaceshipisahugechallengeforatriptoMars.Sixastronautsonaneight-monthtiptoMarswillneedatleast18,000kilogramsofwaterfordrinkingandwashing.They’llalsoneedwatertoprotectthemselvesfromspacerayswhichcanpassrightthroughspaceshipwallsandharmastronauts’livingcells.Butalayerofwaterplacedaroundtheshipcanstoptheharm.That’salotofwater.Andsendingwaterintospaceistooexpensive.Itcosts$33,000tosendonecupofwatertoMars.Themoreyoutake,themoreitcosts.WehavethetechnologytogettoMars,buttheproblemisthatit’stooexpensive.ButFlynn,anengineeratNASA,thinkshehasawayofsolvingtheproblem.Insteadofbuildingaheavyspaceshipandpackingitfullofstuff(物料),whynotusethestuffaspartofthespaceship?Imagineaspaceshipthatblowsuplikeaballoon.Inside,thewallshavepocketslikeabighoneycomb(蜂巢).Theseholdlotsofplasticbagsfilledwithwater,driedfoodandalgae.Allthesemakehardwallsandgreatradiation(輻射)protection.Andstoppingradiationdoesnotinfluencethefoodorwateritself—itissafetoeatanddrink.Andwhatifthesamewatercouldbereusedagainandagain?Flynnandhisteamcalltheirpacked-pocketideaWaterWalls.MakingoxygenandtakingawayCO2—thewastegasyoubreatheout—isanotherprobleminspace.“WaterWallswilltakeawayCO2thesamewayit’sdonehereonourEarth—withlivingplants,”Flynnsays.LivingplantsmakeinCO2tomaketheirfood,andgiveoffoxygen.“Plantsarehardtogrowinaspacecraft,soweusealgae,”hesays.Algaearetinyplantsthatliveinwater.Thealgaewillliveinbagsinthewallstoo,fedbyhumanwasteandsunlight,eatingupCO2andmakingoxygenfortheastronautstobreathe.Flynnthinkshisonboardrecyclingsystemhasmanyadvantages.HehopesitwillhelpmakeflyingtoMarsarealityverysoon.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“l(fā)imited”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Smallinsize. B.Includingonlyapart.C.Differentfromotherparts. D.Beingfreelyused.35.WhatistheadvantageofFlynn’ssystem?A.Foodissaved. B.Costissaved.C.Travellingtimeissaved. D.Plasticbagsaresaved.36.WhatisoneofthepurposesofFlynn’sideaofWaterWalls?A.Toproducewaterinthespaceship.B.Tomakethewholespaceshipstronger.C.Topreventspaceraysduringthespacetrip.D.Tocontrolthetemperatureinthespaceship.37.Whyarealgaeputintheplasticbags?A.Toserveasfoodforastronauts.B.Toprovideoxygenforastronauts.C.Topreventwaterfrombeingpolluted.D.Tohelpotherplantsgrowinaspaceship.參考答案:1.D2.B3.B4.D【導(dǎo)語】本文講述是諾貝爾獎獲得者愛爾蘭著名作家WilliamButlerYeats的生平故事以及他的文學(xué)成就。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Infact,heinheritedexcellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.”可知,他的家庭是一個很有藝術(shù)氣息的家庭,故選D。2.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Infact,heinheritedexcellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.”可知,他從他的家庭繼承了優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)品味,inherited與“succeededto”意思相近,故選B。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,Yeats在1890年代末創(chuàng)立了愛爾蘭國家劇院,1923年獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎,1928年發(fā)表了《塔》和1929年發(fā)表了《蜿蜒的樓梯和其他詩》,1939年在Menton去世,最后一首詩是《黑塔》。所以事件發(fā)生的順序是b→a→d→e→c。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“LettheIrishvessel(船)lieEmptiedofitspoetry.”可知,他認(rèn)為Yeats是愛爾蘭藝術(shù)屆的巨大損失,說明他很欽佩Yeats,故選D。5.B6.C7.B8.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要講述了意大利的Nemo’sGarden項目,這是世界上第一個水下種植系統(tǒng),旨在通過在海洋中種植作物來改變農(nóng)業(yè),并在海洋中增加種植農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的可能性。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theaimofitistochangefarming,andaddapossibilityforgrowingplantsintheocean.WhatwehaveonEarthwillbeuseduponeday,andsuchgardenscanofferusaddedspace.”可知,它的目的是改變農(nóng)業(yè),并增加在海洋中種植植物的可能性。我們在地球上所擁有的東西總有一天會用完,而這樣的花園可以為我們提供額外的空間。所以B選項“它可以為人們提供更多的耕作空間?!闭_,故選B。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Intheirgarden,growingsixtotenmetersunderwater,theplantsareseparatedfromanyoutsideviruses.”,“Thetemperatureoftheoceanwaterisalsoperfectforplants.”,“Besides,withhightechnology,Nemo’sGardenuseswater-basednutrients(養(yǎng)分)insteadofsoil.”及“What’smore,thereislittleinfluenceontheunderwaterenvironment,sonoharmiscausedtoseacreatures.”可知,總共提到了四點優(yōu)勢,故選C。7.推理
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