一輪復習課件語法專題突破專題二代詞

語法專題突破專題二代詞英語2022內(nèi)容索引核心考點課堂突破專項訓練鞏固提升核心考點課堂突破高考感悟Ⅰ.單句填空1.(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)Dataabout...,couldhelpChinadecidewhether

(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

2.(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine

(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor...

3.(2019·北京卷)Nervouslyfacingchallenges,IknowIwillwhisperto

(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.

its

themselves

myself

4.(2018·全國Ⅰ卷)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive

atry.

5.(2018·全國Ⅲ卷)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind

(they)alive.

6.(2018·浙江卷)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap

canbetoeatout.

it

them

itⅡ.單句改錯1.(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)“Notthatway,”mymomtriedtostopusbutfailed.

2.(2020·全國Ⅱ卷)BestofluckwithyourslearningkungfuinChina.

3.(2018·全國Ⅱ卷)They(Myparents)wouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.

4.(2018·全國Ⅲ卷)Ihaddonemyselfhomework,butIwasshy.

us→meyours→your/youus→memyself→my/the考點歸納考點一代詞的分類代詞可以分為以下八大類:人稱代詞主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,theyI,you,he,she,it,we,you,they賓格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them物主代詞形容詞性my,your,his,her,its,our,theirmy,your,his,her,its,our,their名詞性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs反身代詞反身代詞myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves指示代詞指示代詞this,that,these,those,such,some疑問代詞疑問代詞who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose,as不定代詞普通不定代詞one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/alittle,other/another,all/both,neither/eitherone/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/alittle,other/another,all/both,neither/either復合不定代詞something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,everyone,noone/none,someone,anyone相互代詞相互代詞eachother,oneanother注意1.形容詞性物主代詞通常用作定語,修飾名詞,形容詞性物主代詞+名詞=名詞性物主代詞。2.“of(介詞)+名詞性物主代詞(或名詞所有格)”構(gòu)成雙重所有格,如:a

friend

of

mine我的一個朋友。3.人稱代詞用在及物動詞或介詞后必須用賓格形式?？键c二it的用法非人稱代詞非人稱代詞It’squitehothereinsummer,isn’tit?It’searlymidnightnow.We’dbettergotobed.It’saboutanhour’sdrivefromheretoNanchang.指代日期、時間、季節(jié)、天氣、溫度、距離、重量、環(huán)境、情況等形式成分形式主語Itisdifficulttounderstandwhyshebarkseveryminutesheisoutside.真正的主語由不定式、動詞-ing形式或從句充當真正的主語由不定式、動詞-ing形式或從句充當形式賓語Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.真正的賓語由不定式、動詞-ing形式或從句充當強調(diào)句型Itwasunderthebedthatmybrotherhidtheballthismorning.ItisMrBellwho/thatoftencomesandlooksaftertheoldman.指人時可以用who或that,其他情況一律用that常見的it句型Itisapity/shamethat...真可惜……Itisnowonderthat...難怪……Itseems/appearsthat...似乎/看起來……Itlooks/seemsasif/though...看起來好像……Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccursto/comesto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……Itissaid/reportedthat...據(jù)說/據(jù)報道……Itisnouse/gooddoing...做……沒有用/好處。Ittakessb.sometimetodo...做……花費某人多長時間。Itiscertainthat...……是一定的。Seetoitthat...確?！瑿ounton/relyon/dependonitthat...相信……assomeoneputsit像某人說的那樣Whenitcomesto...當涉及/談到……Ican’thelpit...我沒辦法/情不自禁……Itakeitthat...我理解的是……It’s(high)timethatsb.didsth.是某人該做某事的時候了。It’sthefirst/second/...timethatsb.have/hasdonesth.這是某人第一次/二次/……次做某事了。Itis/hasbeen...since...自從……已經(jīng)過了……時間了。Itwillbe/was...before...要過……時間才……/在……之前已過了……時間。Ihate/enjoy/appreciate/dislike/love/like/preferitwhen/if...我討厭/喜歡/感激……考點三it,one,that的區(qū)別it指代上文提到的表特指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,即“同類又同物”,復數(shù)形式為they/themone表示“同類不同物”,只能代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),相當于a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that表示“同類不同物”,指代前文出現(xiàn)的表特指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。(復數(shù)名詞用those指代)those=theones注意the

one特指前面的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),有時可以用that來代替(尤其是后面有后置定語時);the

ones特指上文提到的復數(shù)名詞,有時可以用those代替,尤其在有后置定語的情況下。The

books

on

the

desk

are

better

than

those/the

ones

under

the

desk.(those/the

ones替代the

books)考點四

each和everyeach強調(diào)個別,代表的數(shù)可以是兩個或兩個以上。作定語或主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)Eachstudenthashisowndictionary.Eachhashisgoodpoint.every只能作定語,強調(diào)整體,所指的數(shù)必須是三個或三個以上。作定語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。every+基數(shù)詞+復數(shù)名詞=every+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞,作“每(多少)”解,但each不能用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中Iknoweverymemberofyourfamily.everythreedays每三天或每隔兩天,相當于everythirdday。Therearemanyshopsoneverysideofthestreet.(every改為each)考點五

noone,none,nobody和nothingnoone指人或物,作主語時謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式,不能與of連用Nooneknowshowlongitwilllast.none可指人也可指物,作主語時,如和of連用指不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式;指可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)均可Noneofthemhas/haveseenmebefore.Noneofthismoneybelongstome.nobody用來指人,作主語時謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式,不能與of連用Nobodywantstoremainabeginner.nothing用來指物,作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式Nothingisdifficultintheworldifyouputyourheartintoit.考點六

another,other,theother和othersother表示“別的”“另外的”,只能與復數(shù)名詞連用。但other前有冠詞the即可與單數(shù)名詞連用Doyouhaveanyotherquestion(s)?theother指兩個人或物中的一個,后可加單數(shù)名詞,也可加復數(shù)名詞Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,theotherisaworker.another指另一個,沒有固定的范圍Thisglassisbroken.Getmeanotherone.others不能作定語,表示復數(shù)意義,相當于“other+復數(shù)名詞”Somepeoplelikefootball;otherslikevolleyball.考點七復合不定代詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)Somebodyhasparkedhiscarrightinfrontofmine.受定語修飾時,定語后置Pleasebequiet.I’vegotsomethingimportanttosay.其后一般不接of短語,不定代詞若是指物或后接of短語,可用anyone,everyoneEveryoneofthemoviesIsawlastweekwasinteresting.常見短語:nothingbut只不過anythingbut絕不;根本不somethingof有點兒……;在某種程度上是nothingtodowith和……沒關(guān)系fornothing免費;白白地;白費;無緣無故地secondtonone名列前茅考點八部分否定與全部否定部分否定all,both,every,everyone,everybody,everything用在否定句中NoteverystudentgoestothefarmonSunday.=Everystudentdoesn’tgotothefarmonSunday.不是每個學生星期天都去農(nóng)場。全部否定none,noone,nobody,nothing,neither,notanyNoone/Nobodyinourclasslikesfootball.我們班沒有人喜歡足球。專項訓練鞏固提升Ⅰ.單句填空1.Wehadfunandenjoyed

(we)duringthedaytime.

2.Iwouldappreciate

verymuchifyoucandomeafavor.

3.Susanmade

cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.

4.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein

,knivesandforks.

5.I’dappreciate

ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.

ourselves

it

it

others

it

6.It’saneither-orsituation—wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdo

.

7.She’dlivedinLondonandManchesterbutsheliked

andmovedtoCambridge.

8.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilarto

describedinthismagazine.

9.Whenhetookhisglovesoff,Inoticedthat

onehadhisnamewritteninside.

10.Ipreferthelargeboxtothesmall

.

both

neitherthose

each

oneⅡ.單句改錯1.OfallthesubjectsIlikeEnglishbest.Ihadbeenlearningthemforelevenyears.

2.John,mySpanishteacher,said,“Takeeasy;itisjustasmallquiz.”

3.Someofthehouseshavebathroomsbutmuchdonot.

4.Itwasthefirsttimehefelthehadachievedsomethingbyhim.

5.SuzhouisnotfarfromShanghai,soyoucaneasilyvisitallinaday.

them→it在easy前加itmuch→manyhim→himselfall→both6.MrsZhang,whoisournewteacher,issoconcernedaboutusthatweareallfondofhim.

7.PoorlittleJackupsethisstomachbyeatingtoomanyrichfood.

8.FromthereIsawthebullkickingmyfoodbagwiththeirfeet.

9.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whileinother,knivesandforks.

10.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilartothemdescribedinthismagazine.

him→hemany→muchtheir→itsother→others

them→thoseⅢ.語法填空Tomlikedtomakeupstoriesaboutthegiantsthatthreatened(威脅)thepeaceof1.

(he)ownland,butheknewthattherealgiantinhislifewasJanice.Ofcourse,2.

wasn’tonlyTomandhisbestfriendJohnthatJanicewasafter.Shehadtwofriends,WilmaandBobby,whowerealmostasbigasshewas,andthethreeof3.

(they)wouldwanderaroundtheplayground,grabbinguprocks,runningthroughjumpropes,andlaughingwhilesecondgradersscreamed.4.

(them)wouldevenstandoutsidethegirls’roomeverymorningandmakethelittlegirlsgivethem5.

(they)milkmoneybeforethey’dletthemgotothebathroom.

his

It

them

They

their

Belle,John’slittlesister,unfortunately,wasaslowlearner.Herdaddyhadbrought6.

(she)apackageofTwinkies,andshewassoproudthatassoonasshegotontheschoolbus,sheforgoteverythingsheknewandyelledtoanotherfirstgrader,“GuesswhatIgotinmylunchtoday,Billy?”

“What?”“Twinkies!”sheshoutedsoloudthatyoucouldhaveheardherinthebackseatevenifyouweredeafin7.

ears.Outofthecornerofhiseye,JohnthoughthesawJanicebrightenup.her

both

Whentheysatdown,BellewasstilltalkingaboutherTwinkiesloudly.“8.

(I)daddybroughtthemtomefromWash