防竄焊接滾輪架軸向竄動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究中英文翻譯、外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、外文翻譯

XXXX文獻(xiàn)翻譯二級(jí)學(xué)院XXXXXXX班級(jí)XXXXX學(xué)生姓名XX學(xué)號(hào)XXXXXXXXX防竄焊接滾輪架軸向竄動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究摘要：簡(jiǎn)述焊接滾輪架軸向竄動(dòng)的基本理論,并同時(shí)在焊接滾輪架的實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ蜕线M(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果表明,焊接滾輪架軸向竄動(dòng)的主要原因在于工件的翻轉(zhuǎn)存在著螺旋夾角，本文主要分析了螺旋角和工件的圓周速率對(duì)竄動(dòng)的影響。關(guān)鍵詞:焊接滾輪架軸向運(yùn)動(dòng)螺旋角筒體線速度1.簡(jiǎn)介在大厚壁、大型化、高容量、耐磨蝕的鍋爐、石油、化工壓力容器的焊接生產(chǎn)中，由于焊接滾輪架的制造安裝誤差以及筒體幾何形狀的不規(guī)則（偏離理想回轉(zhuǎn)體）等原因，筒體在滾輪架上轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)，會(huì)不可避免的沿其軸向發(fā)生竄動(dòng)，從而影響環(huán)縫的焊接質(zhì)量。若不進(jìn)行防竄處理，出現(xiàn)的竄動(dòng)量大便無法進(jìn)行焊接。本課題研究提供了當(dāng)圓形工件焊接時(shí)，軸向竄動(dòng)的機(jī)制.設(shè)計(jì)反竄動(dòng)焊接滾輪架.尤其是應(yīng)用于滾輪架之上。2.實(shí)驗(yàn)2.1.實(shí)驗(yàn)描述在圖1中試驗(yàn)表明,初步的試驗(yàn)研究了兩個(gè)因素:螺旋角和工件的線速度-影響軸向竄動(dòng)的主要因素。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程，軸向位移Sa和軸向竄動(dòng)速度Va測(cè)量方法如圖1。而進(jìn)行的方法是將軸向位移傳感器安裝到的圓筒的一端，與傳感器相連的X-Y記錄器記錄工件的軸向位移,每5s記錄一次,平均竄動(dòng)速度Va在每個(gè)角度可以計(jì)算出數(shù)據(jù)。在試驗(yàn)階段，實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ褪侨缦?一、調(diào)節(jié)四滾輪高度在同一個(gè)水平線上，并在矩形的四個(gè)頂點(diǎn)，那么滾輪與旋轉(zhuǎn)工件相對(duì)平衡，工件在一段很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間不竄動(dòng)，或定期竄動(dòng)一個(gè)很小的范圍。2.2實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的討論2.2.1螺旋角的影響(1)例如圖2所示。Va的變化檢測(cè)條件是:vc=35m/hL=422mm,α=60"Va是與tanβ4成正比的，β4是與(1~~~6c)相關(guān)的，坡度線為3.06毫米/秒,Va不再正比tanβ4時(shí),當(dāng)β4大于6c,軸向竄動(dòng)是隨著β4逐漸減小。由于只有一個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)滾輪(rollerNo.4)的影響,β4可以改變的,而其他的仍然是零,工件作出了協(xié)調(diào)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。當(dāng)β4的比例較小,Va也小。圓柱體軸向摩擦力,滾輪最大軸向摩擦力,汽缸產(chǎn)生彈性滑針對(duì)滾輪，軸向運(yùn)動(dòng)之間各滾輪和工件協(xié)調(diào)彈性滑動(dòng)。因此Va是:理論曲線的斜率k可以按下列公式計(jì)算:k=3.06mm/s的實(shí)驗(yàn)曲線。因此,在考慮到各方面的實(shí)驗(yàn),兩個(gè)斜坡上可被認(rèn)為是大致相等。當(dāng)β4比較大,滾輪與工件之間最大軸向摩擦力大于最大摩擦力,工件產(chǎn)生的摩擦滑動(dòng)抵抗?jié)L輪存在的滑動(dòng)摩擦力，由于竄動(dòng)的存在,Va不再隨著tanβ4的增加而增加,而是逐漸減小。(2)以下三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),工件的不協(xié)調(diào)軸向竄動(dòng)隨之改變。由同一螺旋角度來衡量的一個(gè)主動(dòng)滾輪及兩個(gè)，三個(gè)主動(dòng)滾輪。三曲線之間的Sa和Va研究結(jié)果顯示如上圖，隨著滾輪數(shù)量的增加,Va逐漸增大。Va3>Va2>Va1當(dāng)驅(qū)動(dòng)滾輪的數(shù)量變化時(shí),度氣缸的非兼容軸向運(yùn)動(dòng)將會(huì)有所改變.隨著同一螺旋角影響下滾輪數(shù)量的增加。兼容的分量越來越大,但互不兼容的分量越來越小。換句話說,工件的軸運(yùn)動(dòng)將轉(zhuǎn)化為是否兼容的問題。因此,最大軸向竄動(dòng)Va由β角所決定，四輪有相同的螺旋角時(shí)Va為:2.2.2筒體線速度的影響螺旋角從平衡位置+2’對(duì)4號(hào)驅(qū)動(dòng)滾輪的影響。工件將影響軸向竄動(dòng)（例如下圖）所顯示va-VC的曲線,后者表明Va是與Vc成正比的,曲線的斜率大約是0.00708。因?yàn)棣?=+2實(shí)在太小,工件相對(duì)每一滾輪沒有形成軸向竄動(dòng)。因此,軸滾輪和工件之間的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)是完全協(xié)調(diào)的彈性滑動(dòng)，Va為：Va正比于Vc。理論曲線的斜率k可以按下列方程K"=0.25tan4=0.25tan2'=0.00873wherek=0.00708mm/s.因此,在考慮到各方面的實(shí)驗(yàn),協(xié)調(diào)的兩個(gè)斜坡上可被認(rèn)為是大致相等.3.結(jié)論（1）因?yàn)橹圃旒把b配的偏差，工件的中心線與滾輪軸線不平行，沒有在同一平面,因此形成螺旋角β，存在β是發(fā)生軸向竄動(dòng)的主要原因。工件軸線方向重力的分量影響,也是軸向竄動(dòng)的一個(gè)原因。（2）合理調(diào)整軸運(yùn)動(dòng),使不兼容的分量盡可能小和兼容分量盡可能大從而減小軸向竄動(dòng)。（3）隨著滾輪數(shù)量的增加相同β角下的軸向竄動(dòng)將增大,但不兼容的部分減少。隨著兼容部分的增加工件的軸向竄動(dòng)速度將增加，當(dāng)軸向滑動(dòng)摩擦發(fā)生在滾輪和工件之間時(shí)，軸向竄動(dòng)將被彈性摩擦和滑動(dòng)摩擦所協(xié)調(diào)，但Vc并不與β成正比，關(guān)系如下：參考文獻(xiàn)：(1)ZWang.焊接機(jī)械設(shè)備教材，甘肅蘭州工業(yè)大學(xué)，張培源(1992)pp85-98(2)武漢材料技術(shù)研究所，南京化工研究所,與華南工學(xué)院，水泥生產(chǎn)機(jī)械設(shè)備,建筑工業(yè)出版社，中國北京,(1981)pp,184-187(3)J.Halling(ed.)，麥克米倫出版社,(1975)pp.174-200ExperimentandstudyintotheaxialdriftingofthecylinderofaweldingrollerbeAbstract：Thebasictheoryoftheaxialdriftingofthecylinderofaweldingrollerbedisintroducedinthepaper,andatthesametimeexperimentandstudyonthemechanismoftheaxialdriftingofthecylinderhavebeendoneonanexperimentalmodeloftheweldingrollerbed.Itisshownthatthemaincauseoftheaxialdriftingofthecylinderliesintheexistenceofaspiralanglebetweenthecylinderandthecylinderandtheroller.ThisarticlemainlyanalyzesthespiralAngleandcircumferentialvelocity'sinfluenceonthechannelingmotionartifacts.Keywords:weldingrollerbedaxialmotionspiralangleCylinderlinearvelocity1IntroductionTheWeldingandProductioninthebigThick-Cliff、TheLarge-Scale、High-Content、Endure-AblationofthepressurevesseloftheBoiler、Oil、chemical,becauseofreasonoftheerrorofthemanufacture-installationandtheabnormityofgeometry-formofthecylinder(departureidealgyrationobject),thecylinderwheelontherollerbed,inevitablyitwilloccuraxialdrifting,sothataffecttheweldingquality.Ifnottaketheanti-floatingmeasure,theweldingcannotgoingbecauseofthelargedrifting.Thistopicresearchwhenthecircularworkpiecewelding,axialdriftingmechanisms.Designthedynamicweldingrollerframe.Especiallyappliedtotherollerframe.2.Experiment2.1DescriphmofexpermentTheexperimentalmodelisshowninFig1.Experimentsweredonetostudytwofactors:thespiralangleandthecylinder’scircularlinearvelocity,whichaffecttheaxialdriftingofthecylinder.Intheexperimentingprocess.theaxialdisplacementSaandtheaxialdriftingvelocityVaofthecylinderweremeasuredbythevariationofthetwofactorsdescribedabove.ThemeasuringmethodisshowninFig.1,andiscarriedoutbymeansofbringinganaxialdisplacementsensorintocontactwithoneendofthecylinder.withthesensorbeingconnectedtoanX-Yrecordertorecordthecylinder’saxialdisplacementevery5s.LinearlyregressingtheplotSa--t(texpressestime),theaveragedriftingvelocityVa,ateverydeflectinganglecanbecalculated.Beforeexperimenting.theexperimentalmodelisinitialisedasfollows:first.theheightofthefourrollersisadustedbymeansofaleveltoputthecentersofthefourrollersinthesamehorizontalplane,andatthefourvertexesoftherectangle.thentherollersaredeflectedsothattherotatingcylinderisattherelativeequilibriumposition.Thenthecylinderdoesnotdriftoveralongtime.orperiodicallydriftoveraverysmallaxialrange2.2experimentresultsanddiscussion2.2.1Effectofspiralangle(I)Fig.6showsthatchangeofVawiththevariationofThetestingconditionis:positiverotalion,Vc=35m/hL=422mm,α=60”TheVa-tanβ4curveshowsthatVaisdirectlyproportionaltotanβ4whenβ4isrelativelysmall(1~~~6c).Theslopeofthelinebeing3.06mm/s,Vaisnolongerdirecllyproportionaltotanβ4whenβ4,isgreaterthan6CThecurveisanarchedcurve.i.e.withtheincrementofβ4,.Va,increases.butwiththeincrementofVagraduallybecomingsmalletBecauseonlyonedrivenroller(rollerNo.4)isdeflected,i.eβ4canbechangedwhilsttheothersremainzero,thecylindermakesanon-compatiblemotion.Whenβ4isrelativelysmall,Vaissmallalso.Theaxialfrictionalforcesbetweenthecylinderandrollersarelessthanthemaximumaxialfrictionalforce,andthecylinderproducesanelasticslidingagainstrollers.Axialmotionbetweeneachrollerandthecylinderiscoordinatedbyelasticsliding.thusVais:inthetheoreticalcurve,theslopeK’canbecalculatedbythefollowingequation:K=3.06mm/sintheexperimentalcurve.Thus,intakingaccountoftheexperimentaltolerance,thetwoslopescanbeconsideredtobeapproximatelyequal.Whenβ4isrelativelylarge,theaxialfrictionalforcesbetweenthecylinderandtherollersarelargerthanthemaximumaxialfrictionalForce,andcylinderproducesfrictionalslidingagainsttherollersBecauseofIheexistenceofslidingfrictionalresistance.Vaisnolongerlincartyincreasedwiththeincrementoftanβ4Withtheincrementoftanβ4theincrementofVa;withgraduallybecomesmaller(2)Thefollowingthreeexperimentswerearrangedtostudythecylinder’snon-compatibleaxialmotionfurther,deflectingpositivelyoneroller.tworollersandthreerollersbythesamespiralangletomeasurethreecurvesbetweenSaandvTheexperimentalresultsareshowninFig7.Withtheincrementinthenumberofdeflectedrollers,Vabecomesgreater.ieVa3>Va2>Va1Whenthenumberofdrivenrollersdeflectedisvaried,thedegreeofthecylinder’snon-compatibleaxialmotionwillbechanged.Withtheincrementofthenumberoflollersdeflectedbythesamespiralangle.thecompatiblecomponentbecomesgreater,butthenon-compatiblecomponentbecomessmaller.Inotherwords,thecylinder’saxialmotionwillbetransformedfromnoncompatiblemotiontocompatiblemotion.Thus,Vabecomesgreateralso,ultimately,beingequaltothecompatibleaxialvelocitydeterminedbythespiralangleβNow.thefourrollershavethesamespiralanyleβ.SothatVais:2.2.2effectofcircularlinearvelocityDeflectingdrivenrollerNo4toaspiralangleof+2”fromtheequilibriumposition,thecylinderwillsufferaxialdrifting,Fig.8showstheVa-Vccurve,whichlatterindicatesthatVaisdirectlyproportionaltoVc,theslopeofthecurvebeingapproximately0.00708becauseβ4=+2istoosmall,thecylinderdoesnotmakefrictionalslidingagainsteachroller.Thus,therelativeaxialmotionbetweentherollerandthecylinderiscompletelycoordinatedbytheirelasticsliding,sothatVaise.VaisdirectlyproportionaltoVeForthetheoreticalCurvetheslopeK*canbecalculatedbythefollowingequationK”=0.25tanβ4=0.25tan2'=0.00873whereK=0.00708mm/sintheexperimentalcurve.Thus,intakingaccountoftheexperimentaltolerance,thetwoslopescanbeconsideredtobeapproximatelyequal.3Conclusions(1).Becauseofthedeviationsduetomanufacturingandassembling.thecylinder’scentrallineandtheroller’saxisarenotparallel.i.e,theyarenotinthesameplane,andthereisaspiralangleβatthcpointofcontactbetweenthecylinderandtherollerinthecircularlinearvelocitydirection.Theexistenceofβisthebasicreasonfortheoccurrenceofaxialdrifting.Theeffectofgravityincylinder’saxialdirectionisalsooneofreasons