高考英語專題：語法填空答題技巧 語法填空練習(xí) 解析 講義

高考專題：語法填空答題技巧&語法填空練習(xí)&解析語法填空該題型以語篇為載體，旨在考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)語法的掌握情況。文章長(zhǎng)度在200詞左右，分為有提示詞和無提示詞兩種形式。一、有提示詞1.考查名詞對(duì)名詞的考查通常分兩種情況：一是考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，二是考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。2.考查動(dòng)詞主要考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致以及非謂語動(dòng)詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞涉及不定式、動(dòng)名詞及分詞形式。3.考查形容詞/副詞主要涉及形容詞與副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)、加前綴或后綴轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)~義或詞性、以-ing和-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞的用法以及由語境判斷填形容詞或副詞等。4.考查代詞語法填空對(duì)代詞的考查主要是人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞以及it的用法。二、無提示詞1.考查冠詞a/an表泛指，the表特指。對(duì)冠詞的考查主要體現(xiàn)在固定搭配中。2.考查介詞對(duì)介詞的考查比較簡(jiǎn)單，主要考查常用介詞的基本用法以及一些習(xí)慣搭配。3.考查連詞常用的連詞有and,but,yet,so,for等，常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有both...and,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...but(also),not...but等。此考點(diǎn)中and表示順接關(guān)系，but,yet表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，so表示因果關(guān)系，for表示原因。4.考查狀語從句對(duì)狀語從句的考查，主要是從屬連詞。5.考查定語從句對(duì)定語從句的考查主要是考查關(guān)系詞。解題的關(guān)鍵是先找出先行詞，然后判斷關(guān)系詞在定語從句中所作的成分。6.考查名詞性從句名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。對(duì)名詞性從句的考查主要是考查連接詞。根據(jù)空格處所缺的單詞在句中所作的句子成分，判斷需要什么樣的連接詞。語法填空訓(xùn)練&解析語法填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練(1)Energydrinksaresupposedtodojust___1____thenameimplies--giveyouanextraburstofenergy,Asitturnsout,mostofthat“energy”comesfomtwomainingredients(成分):sugarandcafteine.Atypicalenergydrinkcancontainupto80mgofcafieine._____2_____(compare)withenergydrinks,theaverage12-ouncesodacontains18to48mgofcafifeine.They____3_____(design)forstudents,athletesandanyoneelsewhowantsanextra.energykick.EnergydrinksbecamepopularinAsialongbeforetheyreachedtheUnitedStates.In1962,Taisho,aJapanesecompany,____4_____(make)itsLipovitanDdrinkpublic.Itwasdesigned____5_____(help)employeeswork本文的語篇類型是說明文，主題語境是人與社會(huì)。本文主要介紹了功能性飲料的歷史及利弊。what。此處what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在賓語從句中作賓語。2.Compared。comparedwith…意為“與……相比”。3.aredesigned。They與design之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；根據(jù)語境可知，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填aredesigned。4.made。根據(jù)本空前的In1962可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。5.tohelp。此處為不定式短語作目的狀語。6.to。atripto…意為“……之旅”。7.marketing。V-ing形式作介詞of的賓語。8.distribution。根據(jù)空前its可知，此處應(yīng)填distribute的名詞形式distribution，意為“分銷”。9.but。前后內(nèi)容之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。10.anxious。此處應(yīng)用其形容詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。(2)Takingatleasttwentyminutesoutofyourdaytowanderorsitinnaturewill____1___(great)loweryourstresslevels.Forthefirsttimeever,researchershaveconducted___2____pieceofresearchonthemosteflectivedose(劑量)ofanurbannatureexperiencetolessentheeffectsofmodernstress.Doctorscanusethis____3_____(discover)toprescribe“naturepills”withtheknowledgethattheyhavearealmeasurableefect.“Previously,itwas___4____(certain)howmuchwasenough,howoftentodoitorevenwhatkindofnatureexperiencewouldbenefitus,”saysDr.MaryCarolHunter,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.“OurstudyMichigan.“Ourstudyshowsthatforthegreatestpayoff,interms___5____efrectivelyloweringlevelsofstress,youshouldspend20to30minutessittingorwalkinginaplace___6____providesyouwithasenseofnature.”’Naturepillscouldbealow-costwayof___7______(reduce)negativehealtheffects____8____(cause)byurbanizationandindoorlifestyles.Toprovidemeaningfulresultsofwhatexactlytoprescribe,Hunterandhercolleagues____9____(design)anexperimentwhichwasoriginalinmany___10_____(aspect).Hunterhopesthisstudywillformthebasisoffurtherresearchinthisarea.本文的語篇類型是說明文，主題語境是人與自然。一項(xiàng)研究表明：與大自然接觸20分鐘能顯著降低人們的壓力水平。greatly。此處應(yīng)用其副詞形式greatly修飾動(dòng)詞lower。a。apieceofresearch意為“一項(xiàng)研究”。discovery。根據(jù)空前的this可知，此處應(yīng)用其名詞形式discovery。uncertain。設(shè)空處作表語，且根據(jù)語境可知，過去有關(guān)自然療法的很多內(nèi)容都是不確定的，故填uncertain。of。intermsof是固定搭配，意為“就……而言”。that/which。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語，故填that/which。7.reducing。此處應(yīng)用V-ing形式作介詞of的賓語。8.caused。causedbyurbanizationandindoorlifestyles為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾negativehealtheffects，且cause與negativehealtheffects之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填caused。9.designed。根據(jù)語境以及空后的was可知，此處用一般過去時(shí)。10.

aspects。根據(jù)空前many可知，此處應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。（3）高考閱讀填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練Somepeople'sloveforwritingbeginsatanearlyage.However,theyhavetosetasidetheirenthusiasmtogoafterothercareers(職業(yè)).___1____Herearesometipsonhowtobeinlovewithwritingonceagain.Findsomeinspirations.Everycreativeideaneedstobeinspiredonaregularbasis.___2____Therearesomethingsyoucandotohelpyoufindgoodideasandstepbeyondyourself-doubt.Theseincludereadingorlisteningtoyourfavoriteauthors,takingpartinrelevantevents,buildingconnectionswithfellowwriters,andmore.___3____Afterfindingtheinspirations,youshouldconsiderthesethings.Whatdoyouwanttodoaboutyourenthusiasm?Doyouwanttowriteabook?Doyouwanttostartablog(博客)whereyoucanpostyourdailywritings?Byhavingtheseaims,youwillbeconstantlyremindedofwhyyouchoosetowritefirstly.Theyalsohelpyoustayfocusedandkeepyoufromgivingup.Putintime.Enthusiasms,justlikerelationships,needtimeandattention.Ifyouwanttorelightyourenthusiasmforwriting,thenyouneedtoputintimetogetitburningonceagain,Makewritingyourpriority(優(yōu)先事項(xiàng))asmuchaspossible.___4____Goexploring.Tokeepalastingloveforwriting,youhavetobewillingtocontinuouslyfindoutmoreaboutwriting.___5____Thus,youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofwriting.A.Setsomegoals.B.Justwriteoutofinterest.C.Guidanceisthedirectionyouadvancein.D.Somewanttorediscovertheirpassionlater.E,Inspirationsarewhatkeepyougoingafteryourdreams.F.Thismeansyouneedtoexplorethemanyforms,stylesandtypesofwriting.G.Yetyoushouldn'tforceyourselftowritewords,asdoingsocanonlyleadtotiredness.本文的語篇類型是說明文，主題語境是人與自我之生活與學(xué)習(xí)。一些人從小就喜歡寫作。然而，他們不得不拋開他們熱衷的事情去從事其他職業(yè)。那么如何重拾早年對(duì)寫作的熱愛呢？本文給出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1.D?？涨爸赋鲆恍┤瞬坏貌粧侀_他們對(duì)寫作的熱愛去從事其他職業(yè)，空后指出再次愛上寫作的一些建議。由此可知，此處應(yīng)指一些人后來對(duì)寫作的想法。故選D。2.E。空前指出每個(gè)創(chuàng)意都需要定期得到靈感，E項(xiàng)解釋了靈感的作用。另外，E項(xiàng)中的Inspirations對(duì)應(yīng)下一句中的goodideas。3.A。根據(jù)該段中的Whatdoyouwanttodoaboutyourenthusiasm…Byhavingtheseaims可知，此段主要講述需要設(shè)定目標(biāo)，A項(xiàng)符合語境。4.G?？涨爸赋霰M可能讓寫作成為你的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。G項(xiàng)(但是不要強(qiáng)迫自己，因?yàn)檫@樣做只會(huì)導(dǎo)致疲勞)承接上文內(nèi)容，符合語境。5.F。F項(xiàng)中的T