云南省2024屆高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)第一次高中畢業(yè)生復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷(含答案)

云南省2024屆高三下學(xué)期第一次高中畢業(yè)生復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：

一'閱讀理解

2024TravelPlanner:TheBestThingstoSeeintheUK

IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire

AfashionexhibitionwillopenatBlenheimPalaceinMarch.IconsofBritishFashionis

thelargesteventinthepalace's300-yearhistoryandwillshowcasesomeofBritain'smost

famousdesigners.Clothing,drawings,photographsandpatternswillbeondisplay.23March

to30June.Palaceentryticketsarevalidforayearandcost￡38foradults,￡22forunder-

168.

Toulouse-LautrecinBath

Anewexhibition,Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoria

ArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30piecesfromtheartisfscolourfulcareerwillbe

shownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.ThisistheonlychancetoseeLautrec9s

completecollectionofpostersintheUKbeforeitmovestoapermanenthomeattheMusee

d'lxellesinBelgium.26Aprilto29September,adults￡10,children￡3.50.

BackinTimeatBeamish

Atrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthe

goldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown^^opened

lastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults￡24.95,children￡15.45,afamilyoffour

￡63.50,validforayear.

NationalGallerygoesontour

TheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarkthe

occasion,thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.

PaintingswilltraveltocentresfromBrightontoEdinburgh,andwillallgoondisplayon10

May.Eachofthe12venueswillrunexhibitionsanddigitalinterventionstoshowcaseits

particularpainting.

1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldpayforBlenheim'sexhibition?

A.￡23.50.B.￡60.00.C.￡63.50.D.￡98.00.

2.WhatdoToulouse-LautrecandNationalGalleryhaveincommon?

A.Recallingtheartisfscareer.B.Offeringchancestomakeposters.

C.Employingdigitalinterventions.D.Enablingvisitorstoenjoyarts.

3.Whichofthefollowingisayear-roundevent?

A.IconsofBritishFashion.

B.Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre.

C.1950sPictureHouseVisit.

D.NationalGalleryPaintingShow.

Thememoryofoneparticularsummereveningisstillburnedinmybrainasifitwere

yesterday.Therewasnothingbutwide-openfieldsformilesandmilesaroundourrural

Minnesotahome.Weneversawstrangersnoteverandhereonthishoteveningwasareal

liveonewalkingupourdriveway.

Ayoungman,aslightly-builthitchhiker（搭便車的人）approachedourdoor.Heknew

therewasastormcorning,andhedesperatelyneededshelter.Notwantingtointrudeonour

homeandfamily,heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinourbasementforthenightfor

protectionfromtherain.Insteadofsayingyes,mydadloadedusallupinthe1959Chevrolet:

fivekids,mymum,andtheman.

Ourfamilyconsistedofthreeolderchildrenwhosefatherhaddiedyoungandthreemore

childrenfromtheunionofmymotherandfather.OurolderbrotherJerrywasintheNavy,on

ashipsomewhereoverseas.Ourmumanddadworriedabouthim.

Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthemanaroomforthenight

alongwithahoteveningmeal.Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheardmydad

saytomymum,"IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturned

to

Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.Myunclesuggestedthatperhaps

mydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.Mydadreplied,t6You

areabsolutelyright.Ishouldhaveinvitedhimintoourhome.”

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"intrudeon“inparagraph2mean?

A.Disturb.B.Scare.C.Embarrass.D.Upset.

5.Howdidtheauthor'sfatherhelpthestranger?

A.Byprovidingabedforhiminthebasement.

B.Bylettinghimstayforthenightinthecar.

C.Bytakinghimtoahotelinanothertown.

D.Bycookingahoteveningmealforhim.

6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'sfamily?

A.Thefamilyhadfivechildrenintotal.

B.JerrywasservinginthearmyintheUSA.

C.Theyhadnospareroomforthehitchhiker.

D.Dadwishedhiseldersontobetreatedkindly.

7.Whatdidtheauthor'sunclethinkofhisfather'sdeed?

A.Worthwhile.B.Inappropriate.C.Inspiring.D.Unbelievable.

Almostallnewparentsstruggletogetenoughsleepwhilecaringfortheirnewborns.For

somepenguin（企鵝）parents,though,periodsofsleepareespeciallyshort.

ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsata

timeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimes

throughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps''totalaround11hourseachday.Themicrosleeps

appeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks.

NielsRattenborg,asleepresearcherattheMaxPlanckInstituteforBiological

IntelligenceinGermany,said,“What'ssurprisingisthatthepenguinsareabletofunction

okayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung.”

ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.

Mated（交配的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggs

andchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdon'tface

manynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthe

penguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocks

fromthenests,sopenguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.

Forthefirsttime,scientistsfollowedthesleepingbehaviorofChinstrappenguins.They

didthisbyattachingdevicesthatmeasurebrainwaves.Theycollecteddataon14adultsover

11daysonKingGeorgeIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.

WonYoungLee,abiologistattheKoreanPolarResearchInstitute,thoughtoftheidea

forthestudywhenhesawmatingpenguinsoftenblinking（眨）theireyesandpossibly

sleeping.Buttheteamneededtorecordbrainwavestoconfirmtheanimalsweresleeping.

“Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorativefunctionshesaid.Headdedthat

theywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.

Theresearchersdidn'tcollectsleepdataoutsidethematingseason.Buttheysuspectthat

thepenguinsmaysleepforlongerperiodsatothertimesoftheyear.

8.WhathaveresearchersfoundaboutChinstrappenguins?

A.Theytaketurnstotakecareoftheyoung.

B.Theysleepforseveralsecondsatatime.

C.Theyrestfor11hoursinaroweveryday.

D.Theybehavepoorlyduetolackofsleep.

9.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Thehabitatsofthepenguins.B.Thelivinghabitsofthepenguins.

C.Thematingseasonsofthepenguins.D.Thenaturalenemiesofthepenguins.

10.WhichofthefollowingmightWonYoungLeeagreewith?

A.Microsleepsofthepenguinsmatterintheirsurvival.

B.Ifsdifficulttorecordbrainwavesofthepenguins.

C.Thepenguinsmaysleeplongerthanpeoplebelieve.

D.Morefundsareneededtofurtherstudythepenguins.

11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Abookreview.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Asciencejournal.D.Achemistrytextbook.

Whenpeoplethinkofwordinnovatorsthroughouthistory,malewriterslikelycometo

mind.Shakespeareiscreditedwithinventingmorethan1,700words,including“bedroom”,

“courtship"and"swagger”.CharlesDickensissaidtohavefirstusedthewords

“butterfingers"and"doormat"，andDr.Seussreportedlycameupwith“nerd”.

Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasaneven

greaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percent

oflinguistic（語(yǔ)言的）changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.

Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen“byafullgeneration".

Nowwomenareleadingthechargeonline.ThoughOxfordUniversityPress'2023word

oftheyear,"rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including

“situationship''and"swiftie“wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.Theterm“goblinmode”,

whichreferstolazybehavior,wasOxford's2022wordoftheyearandappearstohavebeen

firstusedbyawomanonTwitterin2009.

It'softenimpossibletotellwhofirstusednewwords.Butwhetherornotyounggirls

inventnewphrases,theyaremorelikelytobeearlyadoptersofthelatestlingo（術(shù)語(yǔ)），says

UniversityofTorontolinguistSaliTagliamonte,"They'repushingchangesforward."

Thereareahandfulofpossiblereasonswhygirlsleadlexical（詞匯的）innovation.

AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRules

ofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.Theyhavelargersocialcirclesandmay

beexposedtomorelanguagediversity.Andbecausewomentendtobecaregivers,boys

usuallylearnlanguagefromtheirmothers,whereaswomenandgirlslearnwordsfromother

women.

12.Whydoestheauthormentionsomewordscoinedbymalewriters?

A.Tocomparemaleandfemalewriters.

B.Tointroducesomewell-knownwriters.

C.Toleadinthetopictobetalkedabout.

D.Toputforwardapointtobeproved.

13.Whichofthefollowingwordswasinventedbyamale?

A.Rizz.B.Situationship.C.Swiftie.D.Goblinmode.

14.Whothinkswomen'ssocialawarenesscontributestolexicalinnovation?

A.Dr.Seuss.B.WilliamLabov.

C.SaliTagliamonte.D.GretchenMcCulloch.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.NewWordsAreAddedtoEnglishDictionaries

B.FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges

C.WomenAreMoreSensitivetoLanguageDiversity

D.NewTermsMakeCommunicationMoreColorful

二、七選五

16.HowtoDealwithAwkwardSilences

Weallknowwhatit'slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou9relefttositinsilence.

①Thankfully,fillingthesesilencesisn'tasdifficultasitmayseem.Readonto

learnhowtoinitiatesmalltalkanddealwithawkwardsilences.

?Thinkoftopicsaheadoftime.

Beforeattendingasocialevent,thinkofafew"go-to“topicstojumpstartadead

conversation.Thiswillhelpyoutofillthesilencesinsteadofstrugglingforwordsinthe

moment.Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.②

?Askopen-endedquestions.

Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.(3)Theyhelpavoid

resultinginshortresponse.Forexample,insteadofasking,"Didyoulikeyourhighschool?99,

youcouldask,"Whatdidyoulikeaboutyourhighschool?"

Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.Instead,talkaboutsomethingthatyouknow

they!reinterestedin.Forexample,66Iheardyouwonyourfootballgametheothernight.I'd

lovetohearaboutit.”

?Giveacompliment（表?yè)P(yáng)）.

⑤Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyouget

it?”Thiscouldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeel

good.Sticktosayingnicethingsifyou'retryingtomakesmalltalk.

A.Keeptheconversationflowing.

B.Italsoallowsyoutospendmoretimetogether.

C.Listencarefullyandrespondtotheirreactions.

D.There9sonlyonewordtodescribeit:awkward.

E.Thisisalwaysasafebet,aslongasifsappropriate.

F.Suchquestionsarelikelytogetthepersontalkingmore.

G.However,avoidsomesubjectsthatmaycausearguments.

三、完形填空（15空）

Growinguponafarm,ToriJamesspentmuchofherearlyyearsoutdoors,building

sheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.She]herselfasanambitiousandadventurous

childandowestheDukeofEdinburghAwardtoherlovefor2,Jamessaysshecould

neverhave3thatonedayshemightbetheyoungestBritishwomanto4the

peakofMountEverest.

Today,Jamesisa（n）5adventurer.Alongsidehersuccessfulclimboftheworld's

6peakin2007,shewasamemberofthefirstall-femaleteamto7atiring650-

kilometreskiracetotheMagneticNorthPolein2005,andin2014shesetthe8for

thelongestnon-stopopen-seakayakcrossinginUKwaters.

Yetaheadofherfirstexplorationattheageof18,Jameshad9herabilitytolasta

monthoutinthecoldwithoutthecomfortofahotbath.“It'sonlyby10ourcomfort

zonethatweunderstandourtruepotential/9sheexplains,"That'swhenthe11

happens."

Jamesencourageswould-beadventurersnottobe12bytheconventionalimage

oftherugged（粗獷的），hardyexplorer."Iamsuchabelieverthat,withtherightsupportand

skills,everyonecanbring13toanexploration/9sheadds,"Sometimes,it'sonlyoutin

thefieldthatsomeone9s14talentsemerge,15intheprocessofexploration.99

17.A.describesB.admitsC.imaginesD.praises

18.A.wildlifeB.scienceC.explorationD.competition

19.A.explainedB.understoodC.declaredD.predicted

20.A.measureB.approachC.admireD.reach

21.A.patientB.ordinaryC.professionalD.honest

22.A.coldestB.highestC.prettiestD.straightest

23.A.completeB.coachc.judgeD.cancel

24.A.recordB.dateC.goalD.standard

25.A.lostB.doubtedC.limitedD.developed

26.A.enteringB.restoringC.leavingD.expanding

27.A.emergencyB.accidentC.eventD.magic

28.A.pushedaheadB.keptapartC.cheeredupD.putoff

29.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

30.A.academicB.creativeC.hiddenD.artistic

31.A.eventuallyB.particularlyC.generallyD.obviously

四、短文填空

32.Acomposting(堆月巴)programatTheWesleySchoolinLosAngelesishelping

studentsgethands-onexperienceandways①_________(handle)human-drivenclimate

change.Forthepastyear,alltheleftoverfoodwastefromtheschoolhasgoneinto

compostingcontainersratherthanalandfill②________itwouldbeburiedandwould

produceplanet-warminggases.

Theschool'scompostingprogram?(come)intobeingin2022,andthisyear,

theschoolhelda(4)(celebrate)torevealwhathappenedinsideaseriesoffive-

foot-tallcontainers.StevenWynbrandt,alocalfarmer?compostingconsultant

whohashelpedtheschoolwithitsprogram,brokethetiesthatheldthecontainerclosed.

Richblackcompostspilledoutfromthecontainer.

Theschoolwillusethecompostonplantsaroundcampus.Somewill?

(offer)tofamiliesthatwanttouseitathome,andwhateverisleftwillbedonated.

Ittakestwohoursforthecontainertobeemptiedandpreparedtoreceive?

nextday'slunchleftovers.Theothercontainersremainfulloffoodwastethatisinthe

processof?(break)down.Decorated?(poster)ontheoutsideof

eachcontainerindicatewhentheycanbeopenedsothatthenextgenerationofplantson

campuscanbenefit?therichsoil.

五、書面表達(dá)

33.假如你是李華，你市電視臺(tái)正面向留學(xué)生開展主題為“FeelofChina”的短視頻

(shortvideo)征集活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)給你的留學(xué)生朋友Chris寫一封郵件，鼓勵(lì)他參加，內(nèi)容

包括：

1.活動(dòng)介紹；

2.內(nèi)容要求。

注意：

L寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearChris,

Howareyoudoing?

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

ItwasJuly2019andmymumRebeccawastakingmeona120kmwalkingholidayfrom

PortugaltoSpainasaspecialtreatformy10thbirthday.Oneday,whilewalkingalongthe

coastalpathstaringoutattheAtlanticocean,IchattedawaytoMum."WhenLexiturns.10,

areyougoingtotakeheronatriplikethis?”Iasked,referringtomyseven-year-oldsister.

MumsaidLexihadalreadyaskedtogotoSvalbardinthenorthofNorwaybecauseshewas

crazyaboutpolarbears.

AlthoughIwasstillonmyfirstspecialtrip,I'dbeenlearningaboutancientcivilizations

atschoolandknewI'dlovetoseesomerelicsintheflesh.SoIcontinuedsaying,uWhydon't

IgotoEgyptwhileyou'reinSvalbardwithLexi?”,addingthatmydad,Olaf,couldtakeme

there."Great,butI'mnotpayingforit."Muimreplied,chuckling.6aThafsfine.Pllpay,"I

saidJTllsaveupmypocketmoneyandgetajob.n

SothafsexactlywhatIdid.ThoughIwastooyoungtodoanyotherpaidwork,Ihadmy

ownsolution.Istartedsavingmy$10-a-weekpocketmoney.Also,Iwashedmyparents9car

ormowedthelawnforextracash.

In2020,wemovedtoPerth.Oneday,Isawapamphlet（小冊(cè)子）intheletterbox

advertisingajobdeliveringcatalogues.WhenItoldMumIwantedtodoit,shetriedtoput

meofftheidea,remindingmethattheworkwastiringandtime-consuming.Butwhenseeing

thedeterminationinmyeyes,sheagreedtocallthem.Thankfully,myyoungagedidn't

botherthem-Igotthejob.OnaMonday,amountainofcataloguesweredroppedoffatour

house,whichshockedmealot.Itoldmyselftocalmdownanddedicatedtowork.Ittookme

ninehourstosortthroughthem.Atfirst,Iusedmybikeandcarriedthecataloguesinmy

backpacktodeliverthemto430housesinmyarea.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Afterseveraldeliveries,Ifounditwasn'tveryefficient.

Threeandahalfyearslater,Isavedamassive$6,500,andDadandIflewtoCairo,

Egypt.

參考答案

1.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire部分的“Palaceentry

ticketsarevalidforayearandcost￡38foradults,￡22forunder-16s.（白金漢宮門票有效期

為一年，成人票價(jià)38英鎊，16歲以下票價(jià)22英鎊。）”可知，一對(duì)夫妻和一個(gè)5歲的

小孩參觀Blenheim的展覽花費(fèi)38x2+22=98英鎊。故選D。

2.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Toulouse-LautrecinBath部分的“Anewexhibition,Toulouse-

LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoriaArtGalleryinBathinApril.More

than30piecesfromtheartist'scolourfulcareerwillbeshownalongsideworksbyother

artistsoftheday.（今年4月，一場(chǎng)名為《圖盧茲-羅特列克與蒙馬特大師》的新展覽將在

巴斯的維多利亞美術(shù)館開幕。這位藝術(shù)家豐富多彩的職業(yè)生涯中的30多件作品將與當(dāng)

時(shí)其他藝術(shù)家的作品一起展出。）“和NationalGallerygoesontour部分的“TheNational

Gallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarktheoccasion,thegalleryis

lending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.（國(guó)家美術(shù)館將于5月10

日慶祝其成立200周年。為了紀(jì)念這一時(shí)刻，該畫廊將向英國(guó)12個(gè)場(chǎng)館出借12幅最

具代表性的畫作。廣可知，這兩個(gè)地方的共同之處在于他們都讓游客享受藝術(shù)。故選

Do

3.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BackinTimeatBeamish部分的“Atrulyrecreated1950s

picturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthegoldenageofmovie-going.

Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown“openedlastsummerattheliving

historymuseum.Adults￡24.95,children￡15.45,afamilyoffour￡63.50,validfora

year.（在比米什，一座真正重現(xiàn)了20世紀(jì)50年代的電影院將為游客提供一個(gè)回憶電影

黃金時(shí)代的機(jī)會(huì)。這家電影院將是去年夏天在活歷史博物館開放的“20世紀(jì)50年代小

鎮(zhèn)”的最新成員。成人24.95英鎊，兒童15.45英鎊，四口之家63.50英鎊，有效期一

年。）”可知，1950年代的PictureHouse參觀是一個(gè)全年的活動(dòng)。故選C。

4.答案：A

解析：詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第二段劃線詞所在句子“heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepin

ourbasementforthenightforprotectionfromtherain.（他問(wèn)我爸爸是否可以在我們家的地

下室過(guò)夜，以防下雨。）”可知，這個(gè)陌生人應(yīng)該是不想打擾作者的家人，詢問(wèn)是否可

以住在地下室；由此猜測(cè)，劃線詞的意思是“打擾”，與disturb（打擾）。故選A。

5.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDad

boughtthemanaroomforthenightalongwithahoteveningmeal.（我彳門開車帶他至U10英

里外的下一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)，在那里爸爸給他買了一個(gè)房間過(guò)夜，還給他買了一頓熱騰騰的晚

餐。廠可知，作者的父親通過(guò)帶這個(gè)陌生人去了另一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的旅館來(lái)幫助他。故選

Co

6.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheard

mydadsaytomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbe

returnedtohim."（我們把那個(gè)陌生人送上車后，我聽到爸爸對(duì)媽媽說(shuō):“我只希望，如果

杰里有什么需要，這份善意能回到他那里（即他能得到幫助）?！皬V可知，爸爸希望他

的大兒子受到善待。故選D。

7.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoung

man.Myunclesuggestedthatperhapsmydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavinga

strangerinourcar.（幾周后，爸爸把那個(gè)年輕人的事告訴了叔叔。我叔叔建議說(shuō)，也許

我父親不應(yīng)該冒險(xiǎn)讓一個(gè)陌生人坐在我們的車?yán)?。）”可知，作者的叔叔認(rèn)為他父親的

行為是不合適的。故選B。

8.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguins

onlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.

Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshort''microsleeps“totalaround11

hourseachday.（研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了保護(hù)它們的蛋和剛出生的小企鵝，Chintstrap

企鵝一次只睡大約4秒鐘。他們一天中這樣做數(shù)千次。短暫的“微睡眠”每天總計(jì)約11

小時(shí)）”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，企鵝為了保護(hù)它們的蛋和剛出生的企鵝，它們一次只睡大約

幾秒鐘。故選B。

9.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的“ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovember

innestsmadeupofsmallrocks.Mated（交配的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.One

parentusuallywatchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamily

meals.Adultpenguinsdon'tfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.（頸帶企鵝通常

在n月在由小巖石組成的巢穴中產(chǎn)卵。配對(duì)的人分擔(dān)養(yǎng)育子女的責(zé)任。父母中的一方

通常獨(dú)自照看雞蛋和小企鵝，而另一方則外出捕魚與家人團(tuán)聚。成年企鵝在交配季節(jié)

不會(huì)遇到很多天敵）”以及全段可知，本段主要介紹了企鵝的生活習(xí)慣，包括產(chǎn)卵的時(shí)

間，如何養(yǎng)育小企鵝等。故選B。

10.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的‘"'Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesome

restorativefunctions,hesaid.Headdedthattheywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.（他說(shuō)：“對(duì)于

這些企鵝來(lái)說(shuō)，微睡眠具有一些恢復(fù)功能。:他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，沒有它，他們將無(wú)法生存）”

可推知，WonYoungLee認(rèn)為睡眠對(duì)于企鵝的生存至關(guān)重要。故選A。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及第二段的"Researchersrecentlyfoundthat

Chinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggs

andnewbornchicks.（研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了保護(hù)它們的蛋和剛出生的小企鵝，

Chintstrap企鵝一次只睡大約4秒鐘）”可知，本文主要講述研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，帽帶企

鵝每次只睡大約四秒鐘，以保護(hù)它們的蛋和新生的小企鵝。他們一天要這樣做幾千

次。所以本篇文章最有可能出自科學(xué)雜志。故選C。

12.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,

historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:

teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percentoflinguistic（語(yǔ)言的）changes,associolinguist

WilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguistically

aheadofmen“byafiillgeneration”.（但是，歷史學(xué)家說(shuō)，除了著名作家的貢獻(xiàn)外，另一

個(gè)群體對(duì)語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了更大的影響：少女。正如社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家威廉?拉博夫在21

世紀(jì)初觀察到的那樣，女性主導(dǎo)了90%的語(yǔ)言變化。事實(shí)上，他寫道，女性在語(yǔ)言上

往往比男性領(lǐng)先“整整一代”）“可推知，作者提到一些男性作家創(chuàng)造的詞是為了引出要

談?wù)摰脑掝}，即女性群體對(duì)語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的影響。故選C。

13.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“ThoughOxfordUniversityPress'2023wordofthe

year,"rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including

“situationship"and"swiftie"wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.（牛津大學(xué)出版社評(píng)選

的2023年度詞匯中，意為“魅力”的“rizz”是由一位男性創(chuàng)造的，但包括“situation”和

“swi仕ie”在內(nèi)的幾個(gè)亞軍都是由女性啟發(fā)或首次使用的）”可知，“rizz”是由一位男性創(chuàng)

造的。故選A。

14.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorof

BecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage,womentendtobemore

sociallyaware.（《因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)：理解語(yǔ)言的新規(guī)則》一書的作者格雷琴?麥卡洛克認(rèn)

為，女性往往更有社會(huì)意識(shí)）”可知，格雷琴?麥卡洛克認(rèn)為女性的社會(huì)意識(shí)有助于詞匯

創(chuàng)新。故選D。

15.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Butdespitecontributionsfrom

famouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopment

oflanguage:teenagegirls.（但是，歷史學(xué)家說(shuō)，除了著名作家的貢獻(xiàn)外，另一個(gè)群體對(duì)

語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了更大的影響：少女）”可知，文章主要介紹了女性青少年對(duì)語(yǔ)言的發(fā)

展產(chǎn)生的影響。由此可知，F(xiàn)emaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges（女性青少年

在語(yǔ)言變化中起主導(dǎo)作用）適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

16.答案：①-⑤DGFCE

解析：①上文"Weallknowwhatit'slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou5relefttosit

insilence.（我們都知道當(dāng)一次談話結(jié)束，你只能靜靜地坐著時(shí)是什么感覺）”說(shuō)明談話結(jié)

束無(wú)話可說(shuō)的局面非常令人尷尬?？仗庬樈忧拔?，說(shuō)明無(wú)話可說(shuō)的感覺非常的尷尬。

D項(xiàng)”只有一個(gè)詞可以形容它：尷尬。“符合語(yǔ)境。該項(xiàng)中的awkward是標(biāo)題中該詞的

復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。

②上文“Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.（最近的新聞、當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)、受歡迎的書籍和電視節(jié)目都是不錯(cuò)的后備選擇）”說(shuō)

明最近的新聞，活動(dòng)，受歡迎的書籍和電視節(jié)目都是可以提前選擇的話題。空處和前

文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說(shuō)明選擇話題時(shí)需要注意的問(wèn)題。G項(xiàng)中的“somesubjects”和前文中

的topics相呼應(yīng)，所以G項(xiàng)“但是，要避免一些可能引起爭(zhēng)論的話題?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故

選G。

③上文“Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.（提出有多個(gè)可能答案的問(wèn)

題）”說(shuō)明想要打破沉默，可以提出有多個(gè)答案的問(wèn)題?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?，說(shuō)明這樣做的

好處。F項(xiàng)中的“Suchquestions”和時(shí)前文中該詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，下文中的They指代的也是

“Suchquestions”,說(shuō)明這樣的問(wèn)題可能會(huì)讓對(duì)方多說(shuō)話。故選F。

④下文“Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.（與任何好的談話一樣，最大的關(guān)鍵是傾

聽。如果他們用“是”或“否”等簡(jiǎn)短的回答來(lái)回答你的問(wèn)題，這可能表明他們對(duì)談?wù)撃?/p>

個(gè)特定的話題感到不舒服）”說(shuō)明本段所給建議為先要認(rèn)真傾聽，在根據(jù)聽到了的信息

做出回應(yīng)。C項(xiàng)“仔細(xì)傾聽并回應(yīng)他們的反應(yīng)。”適合做本段的主旨句，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段。故

選C。

⑤下文“Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyougetit?”This

couldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeelgood.

（例如，你可以說(shuō)：“我真的很喜歡你的襯衫。你從哪里買的？”這可以把談話推向另一

個(gè)方向，同時(shí)讓對(duì)方感覺良好）”以及本段的主旨句說(shuō)明需要贊揚(yáng)對(duì)方，這樣會(huì)讓對(duì)方

感覺良好。空處為下文中舉例所列舉的事實(shí)。E項(xiàng)中的“asafebet”指代標(biāo)題中的“a

compliment”，說(shuō)明贊美只要是合適的，就是在交談中起到作用。所以E項(xiàng)“只要合

適，贊美總是一個(gè)安全的選擇?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。

17.答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她把自己描述成一個(gè)雄心勃勃、愛冒險(xiǎn)的孩子，并

將愛丁堡公爵獎(jiǎng)歸功于她對(duì)探索的熱愛。A.describes描述；B.admits承認(rèn)；C.

imagines想象；D.praises贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)后文“herselfasanambitiousandadventurouschild^^

可知，這是托里?詹姆斯自己對(duì)自己的描述。故選A項(xiàng)。

18.答案：C

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她把自己描述一個(gè)雄心勃勃、愛冒險(xiǎn)的孩子，并將

愛丁堡公爵獎(jiǎng)歸功于她對(duì)探索的熱愛。A.wildlife野生動(dòng)物；B.science科學(xué)；C.

exploration探索；D.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)前文的“ToriJamesspentmuchofherearly

yearsoutdoors,buildingsheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.”可知，托里?詹姆斯熱愛探

索。故選C項(xiàng)。

19.答案：D

解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：詹姆斯說(shuō)，她從來(lái)沒有預(yù)料到有一天她可能會(huì)成為

到達(dá)珠穆朗瑪峰最年輕的英國(guó)女性。A.explained解釋；B.understood理解；C.

declared聲明；D.predicted預(yù)料。她會(huì)成為登上珠穆朗瑪峰最年輕的英國(guó)女性，這樣

的成就是她以前沒有預(yù)料到的。故選D項(xiàng)。

20.答案：D

解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：詹姆斯說(shuō)，她從來(lái)沒有預(yù)料到有一天她可能會(huì)成為

到達(dá)珠穆朗瑪峰最年輕的英國(guó)女性。A.measure測(cè)量；B.approach接近；C.admire欽

佩；D.reach到達(dá)。根據(jù)后文的"thepeakofMountEverest.”可知，她到達(dá)珠穆朗瑪峰。

故選D項(xiàng)。

21.答案：C

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，詹姆斯是一名職業(yè)冒險(xiǎn)家。A.patient有耐

心的；B.ordinary普通的；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的。詹姆斯是一名職

業(yè)冒險(xiǎn)家。故選C項(xiàng)。

22.答案：B

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她在2007年成功攀登了世界最高峰，2005年，

她是第一支全女子團(tuán)隊(duì)的成員，完成了650公里的滑雪比賽，到達(dá)磁北極。A.coldest

最冷的；B.highest最高的；C.prettiest最漂亮的；D.straightest最直的。她攀登的是珠

穆朗瑪峰，是世界最高峰。故選B