英語(yǔ)譯林版（皖湘專(zhuān)用）選修6導(dǎo)學(xué)筆記Unit1PeriodTwo

PeriodTwoWordpower&GrammarandusageⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1.fitnessn.健壯，健康；適合fitadj.適合的；健康的；vt.(使)適合；n.合身，適合2.strengthenvt.&vi.增強(qiáng)；鞏固strengthn.力量strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的，結(jié)實(shí)的3.participatevi.參加，參與participationn.參加，參與participantn.參加者，參與者4.positiveadj.積極的；正面的；肯定的5.negativeadj.負(fù)面的，消極的；否定的；壞的，有害的6.guaranteevt.&n.保證；擔(dān)保7.foolishnessn.愚蠢foolishadj.愚蠢的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.incharge負(fù)責(zé)，主管2.besupposedto應(yīng)該3.bedividedinto被分為……4.makesure確保5.workout鍛煉；做出；可以解決；計(jì)算出6.participatein參加，參與7.driveaway趕走；驅(qū)趕8.beworthit值得Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句式1.before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Ifyouwanttobeanactor，therearecertainthingsyouwillneedtoknowbeforeyoucanbeinaplay.如果你想要成為一名演員，在你可以參與演出前你要知道一些事情。2.祈使句＋and＋陳述句Don’tworry，justfollowthestagedirectionsthatyouhavelearnt，andsayyourlines，andyouwilldofine!不要擔(dān)心，只要按照你學(xué)習(xí)的舞臺(tái)說(shuō)明做，說(shuō)你的臺(tái)詞，你就會(huì)做得很好！3.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)Firstofall，laughingoutloudhelpsimproveyourgeneralfitness.首先，大笑幫助你提高你的基本身體素質(zhì)。4.thenexttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Thenexttimeyoufeelupsetordisappointed，donotworry.下次你感到沮喪或者失望時(shí)，不要擔(dān)心。重點(diǎn)詞匯1.Thisisbecauselaughterstrengthenstheheartandthelungs.這是因?yàn)樾δ茉鰪?qiáng)心肺功能。(1)strengthenvt.加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固(2)strengthn.力量；力氣；體力；強(qiáng)項(xiàng)；優(yōu)勢(shì)havethestrengthtodosth.有做某事的力氣buildupone’sstrength增強(qiáng)實(shí)力strengthsandweaknesses優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)(1)Hehasn’tenoughstrengthtoliftthebox.他沒(méi)有足夠的力氣搬起那個(gè)箱子。(2)Thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.教練首先要了解他們的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)。(3)Tostrengthen(strength)hisposition，heappointedhisclosefriendasheadofthetroops.為了鞏固他的地位，他任命他的好朋友作為軍隊(duì)的統(tǒng)領(lǐng)。[單句改錯(cuò)](4)Oneofhiseq\f(strength,strengths)isthatheisveryconfident.2.Asyoulaugh，themusclesparticipatinginthelaughbeeactive.當(dāng)你笑的時(shí)候，參與笑的肌肉變得活躍起來(lái)。(1)participatevi.參加，參與participatein參加，參與(2)participationn.參加，參與(3)participantn.參與者(1)AlotofcountriesparticipatedintheOlympicGamesinRioin2016.很多國(guó)家參加了2016年在里約舉辦的奧運(yùn)會(huì)。(2)Theschemeaimstoencourageparticipation(participate)insportingactivities.這個(gè)方案旨在鼓勵(lì)大眾參與體育活動(dòng)。[語(yǔ)境助記](méi)(3)Encouragedbytheteacher，theparticipantsactivelyparticipatedintheEnglishspeechcontest.Theirparticipationinspiredtherestoftheclasstostudyhard.在老師的鼓勵(lì)下，參與者積極參加了英語(yǔ)演講比賽。他們的參與鼓舞了同學(xué)們努力學(xué)習(xí)。[單句改錯(cuò)](4)Moststudentsatschoolhopethattheycanparticipateeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(in))activitiesthatappealtothemafterclass.[巧學(xué)助記](méi)根據(jù)口訣，區(qū)別不同的“參加”：加入組織join選，出席到場(chǎng)attend用；參加活動(dòng)起作用，takepartin來(lái)鬧場(chǎng)；和人一起來(lái)活動(dòng)，joinsb.in來(lái)湊份；participate不及物，和in做伴來(lái)參加。3.Enjoyingafunnyedyorreadingsomejokeswilldriveawayyournegativefeelingsandmakeyoufeelmuchbetter.享受一部搞笑的喜劇或讀一些笑話(huà)會(huì)趕走你的負(fù)面情緒，讓你感覺(jué)好很多。driveaway趕走；使離去；驅(qū)車(chē)離開(kāi)driveoff開(kāi)走；趕走；驅(qū)散；擊退drivesb.＋adj.使人……drivesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事(1)Thedefendersdroveoffeachattack.防守隊(duì)員擊退了每一次進(jìn)攻。(2)Takeiteasy！Youaredrivingyourselftoohard.放松點(diǎn)兒！你把自己弄得太累了。(3)Hungerdrovethelittleboytosteal(steal)atthetime.當(dāng)時(shí)，饑餓迫使這個(gè)小男孩去偷竊。(4)Listentosomesoftmusic，foritcandriveawayallyouranger.聽(tīng)一些輕柔的音樂(lè)吧，因?yàn)樗苴s走你所有的憤怒。[單句改錯(cuò)](5)Theloudnoiseoutsidereallyalmostdrovehereq\f(madly,mad).4.Practisingistheonlywaytoguaranteeasuccessfulperformance.練習(xí)是保證演出成功的唯一方法。guaranteevt.&n.保證；擔(dān)保guaranteesb.against/from...保證某人免受……guaranteesth./todosth./that...保證/擔(dān)保/許諾(做)某事；確保……guaranteesb.sth.向某人擔(dān)保/保證某事beguaranteedtodosth.必定做某事(be)underguarantee在保修期內(nèi)(1)Workinghardisnotonlyaguaranteeofsuccess，butitisamongtheessentialrequirements.努力工作不僅僅是成功的保證，也是基本要求之一。(2)Asadoctor，IguaranteethatIwillbekindtomypatients.作為一名醫(yī)生，我確保我將善待我的病人。(3)Canyouguaranteethemasatisfyingjobwhentheygraduatefromuniversity?你能保證他們大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后都能夠找到一份滿(mǎn)意的工作嗎？(4)Thecarclubcouldn’tguaranteetomeet(meet)thedemandsofallitsmembers.這家汽車(chē)俱樂(lè)部不能保證滿(mǎn)足所有成員的要求。[單句改錯(cuò)](5)Thereisnoneedtoworry.Theputerisstillunderaguarantee.經(jīng)典句式1.Ifyouwanttobeanactor，therearecertainthingsyouwillneedtoknowbeforeyoucanbeinaplay.如果你想要成為一名演員，在你可以參與演出前你要知道一些事情。(1)beforeconj.在……之前，常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。before在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，除了譯成“在……之前”之外，在不同的語(yǔ)境中還可譯成“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……”或“趁著……還沒(méi)有……就……”。Itwillbe＋一段時(shí)間＋before從句(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))表示“要過(guò)多久才……”。Itwas＋一段時(shí)間＋before從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))表示“過(guò)了多久才……”。(2)“It＋be＋時(shí)間段＋since...”句型意為“自從……以來(lái)已經(jīng)有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。主句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如果since從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則譯為“自從……以來(lái)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”，如果從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則譯為“不做……多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。(1)Itwillbeoneyearbeforeyoufinishthetask.要過(guò)一年你才能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。(2)Itwassevendaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.過(guò)了七天一切才恢復(fù)正常。(3)Ithasbeen/is(be)manyyearssincetheylivedinthiscity.他們已經(jīng)有多年不在這個(gè)城市住了。[單句改錯(cuò)](4)Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoeq\f(when,before)yourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.(5)Itwillbethreeyearsbeforewewillmeetagain.2.Don’tworry，justfollowthestagedirectionsthatyouhavelearnt，andsayyourlines，andyouwilldofine!不要擔(dān)心，只要按照你學(xué)習(xí)的舞臺(tái)說(shuō)明做，說(shuō)你的臺(tái)詞，你就會(huì)做得很好！(1)本句使用了“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，祈使句表示條件或假設(shè)，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句；陳述句表示結(jié)果或推論。and表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，含有“那么”之意。(2)“祈使句＋or(else)/otherwise＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)敘述否定的條件。or(else)/otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，意為“否則，要不然”。(3)“名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)敘述肯定的條件。名詞詞組中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等詞。(1)Useyourhead，andthenyouwillfindaway.動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋，你就會(huì)找到辦法的。(2)Workhard，oryouwillfallbehindothers.努力學(xué)習(xí)吧，否則你會(huì)落后于別人的。(3)Onemorehour，andI’llgettheworkfinished.再給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我就會(huì)做完全部工作的。[句型轉(zhuǎn)換](4)Workhard，oryouwillfailthefinalexam.→Ifyoudon’tworkhard，youwillfailthefinalexam.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Theoldmanoftendoessomewalkingtostrengthen(strength)hisbody.2.Helikesreadingsomearticlesaboutfitness(fit).3.Herparticipation(participate)intheactivitymadethechairmansatisfied.4.Everyoneatthemeetingwaslaughingatherfoolishness(foolish).5.It’sonlyasmallimprovement，butatleastit’sastepintherightdirection(direct).6.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong，butit’llstillbesometimebeforeBraingetsback.7.Abitmoreefforts，Ithink，andtheproblemscouldbesettled.8.Wecan’tguaranteetooffer(offer)youagoodjobwhenyougetthere.9.Youweresupposedtoturn(turn)upat8：00，butyouwerelate.10.Someonedrovethecarawayinthenight.Ⅱ.完成句子11.Readingvariousbooks(讀不同種類(lèi)的書(shū))isgoodforyourstudy.12.Itwasn’tlongbefore(沒(méi)過(guò)多久)shebecameabravesoldier.13.Each/Everytimehecametotown(每次他進(jìn)城)，hewouldvisitourschool.14.Dobemorepatient，or(else)/otherwiseyouwilllosethisjob(否則你會(huì)失去這個(gè)工作).15.Peopleperformingonthestage(在舞臺(tái)上表演)shouldbeenergetic.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1.Itusuallyonlyworksifboththeedianandtheaudiencehaveaffectionfororadmirethepersonbeingmade(make)funof.2.Theycouldonlyseehimstanding(stand)theremovinghislips.3.Themanperforming(perform)onthestageisafamousedian.4.In1975，GeorgeBurnsactedinafilmcalled(call)TheSunshineBoys.5.Movingintothenewdistrict，hehadnofriendstoplay(play)with.一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能成分形式主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式√√√√√√動(dòng)名詞√√√√分詞√√√√二、不定式和動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)1.不定式作主語(yǔ)Tobeadoctorishard.想要成為一名醫(yī)生很難。TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)不容易。動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語(yǔ)，而把真正的主語(yǔ)——?jiǎng)釉~不定式(短語(yǔ))放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：Itishardtobeadoctor.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.如果要表示動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作是誰(shuí)做的，可以在動(dòng)詞不定式的前面加一個(gè)由介詞for引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，稱(chēng)為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：It’sgoodforustoreadEnglishaloudinthemorning.對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)每天早晨大聲讀英語(yǔ)是很有益的。2.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)Hisbeingelectedourchairmanmadeusthinkofalot.他當(dāng)選為我們的主席使我們想起了許多許多。動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，對(duì)于一些比較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，一般采用“Itis...”和“Thereis...”兩種句式來(lái)表示。例如：Itisnousewaitingforhimanylonger.等他是沒(méi)有用的。Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)1.不定式作定語(yǔ)(1)作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等時(shí)，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。TheBrownshaveafortablehousetolivein.布朗一家有一幢舒適的房子可以居住。(2)當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但其含義有所不同。試比較：Haveyougotanythingtosend？你有什么東西要寄嗎？(不定式tosend的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“你”)Haveyougotanythingtobesent？你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎？(不定式tobesent的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”)(3)用不定式作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況：①不定式表將來(lái)。Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.要買(mǎi)的這輛車(chē)是給他姐姐的。②用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no，all，any等限定的中心詞，且與中心詞為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。Hewasthebestmantodothejob.他是做這個(gè)工作的最佳人選。2.動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)常常置于被修飾詞之前，表示被修飾的名詞的用途或者性能，相當(dāng)于that/whichcanbeusedfordoing結(jié)構(gòu)。Doyouknowifthesleepingpillhasitssideeffect?(＝Doyouknowifthepillthat/whichcanbeusedforsleepinghasitssideeffect？)你知道這安眠藥有副作用嗎？3.分詞作定語(yǔ)(1)作定語(yǔ)用的分詞如果是一個(gè)單詞，一般放在被修飾詞的前面；如果是分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，則放在被修飾詞的后面；分詞作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句；過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，它和被修飾詞之間往往是被動(dòng)關(guān)系(及物動(dòng)詞)，或已經(jīng)完成(不及物動(dòng)詞)；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，它和被修飾詞之間往往是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。Theroadwasblockedbyafallentree(atreethat/whichhadfallen).路被倒下的樹(shù)堵塞了。Hewashitbyafallingtree(atreethat/whichwasfalling)andkilledonthespot.他被倒下來(lái)的樹(shù)擊中，當(dāng)場(chǎng)死亡。(2)“being＋過(guò)去分詞”作定語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行；“tobe＋過(guò)去分詞”表被動(dòng)和將來(lái)。Thehousebeingbuilt(Thehousethat/whichisbeingbuilt)willbeournewlibrary.正在建筑中的這所房子將是我們的圖書(shū)館。Thequestiontobediscussed(Thequestionthat/whichwillbediscussed)tomorrowisveryimportant.明天將要討論的問(wèn)題很重要。四、不定式和分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.不定式作賓補(bǔ)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)省略to的情況：see，watch，notice，observe，lookat；hear，listento；feel等感官動(dòng)詞，以及have，let，make等使役動(dòng)詞后面加賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to要省略，但如果句子變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就必須帶to。help的賓補(bǔ)可以加to也可以不加to(五看、三讓、兩聽(tīng)、一感覺(jué)、半幫助)。Didyounoticeanyoneleavethehouse?你注意到有人離開(kāi)這房子了嗎？Wasanyonenoticedtoleavethehouse?可有人被注意到離開(kāi)這座房子了嗎？(2)后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：wish，cause，ask，beg，expect，force，invite，permit，persuade，want，warn，like，order，allow，advise，request，require，Thedoctoradvisedmetogiveupsmoking.醫(yī)生建議我戒煙。Theycalledonthewritertomakeaspeech.他們要求那位作家作一次演講。(3)think，consider，find等動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常是“tobe＋形容詞或名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，tobe常可省略。Thisawardisconsidered(tobe)agreathonor.這項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)被認(rèn)為是極大的榮譽(yù)。Shethoughthim(tobe)kindandgenerous.她認(rèn)為他寬厚仁慈。2.分詞作賓補(bǔ)分詞可以跟名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，并且名詞或代詞與分詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，主動(dòng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動(dòng)用過(guò)去分詞。Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.他讓小汽車(chē)在門(mén)口等著。Theteacherspokeloudlyinordertomakehimselfheardbythestudentsattheback.老師提高聲音以便讓后邊的學(xué)生也能聽(tīng)到。五、不定式和分詞作賓語(yǔ)1.接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：agree，offer，learn，intend，want，long，plan，demand，ask，promise，help，prepare，decide，determine，refuse，dare，manage，hope，wish，fail，expect，pretend，choose，afford，happen等。巧記：同意提出學(xué)會(huì)打算，要求答應(yīng)來(lái)幫忙。準(zhǔn)備決定遭拒絕，敢于設(shè)法有希望。未能做到莫假裝，選擇破釜沉舟當(dāng)自強(qiáng)。2.接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有：consider，advise/remend/suggest，lookforwardto，excuse/pardon，admit，delay/postpone/putoff，fancy，avoid，miss，keep(on)，practise，deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate，prevent/forbid，imagine，risk，can’thelp，mind，allow/permit，escape，dislike，include，resist，oppose/beopposedto/objectto，feellike，succeedin，befondof，getdown巧記：考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒(méi)得想。避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。注意：介詞的賓語(yǔ)一般用v.ing，但在介詞but，except后需跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)(是否帶to可參照“前do后不to”原則)試比較：Hesaidnothingbuttosmoke.Hedidnothingbutsmoke.3.接動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語(yǔ)均可的動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：①意義基本相同的有：begin，start，like，love，hate，prefer，continue(接不定式多指具體的動(dòng)作，接動(dòng)名詞多指一般或習(xí)慣行為)；need，want，require，deserve(接動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式)②意義不同的有：stoptodosth.(停止手中事，去做另一件事)；stopdoingsth.(停止正在做的事)remember/forget/regrettodo(指動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生)；remember/forget/regretdoing(指動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)trytodo(設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力)；trydoing(試著去做，看有何結(jié)果)goontodosth.(接著做另外一件事)；goondoingsth.(接著做同一件事)meantodo(打算做，企圖做)；meandoing(意思是，意味著)can’thelptodo(不能幫忙做)；can’thelpdoing＝can’thelpbutdosth.(忍不住要做)4.it作形式賓語(yǔ)的有：find/think/feel/believe/take/consider/make/...＋it＋n./adj.＋todosth./doingsth.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Theyarerequiredtoprocess(process)thefoodthatweeat，torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)2.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad，laying(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ)3.ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wantstoprove(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅲ)4.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting，asIhadatraintocatch(catch).(2017·天津)5.Jimhasretired，buthestillremembersthehappytimespent(spend)withhisstudents.(2017·北京)6.IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermitted(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅰ)7.Abercrombie&Kent，atravelpanyinHongKong，saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeopleliving(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅰ)8.Ignoring(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.(2015·安徽)9.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearitbeingperformed(perform)liveisquiteanother.(2015·浙江)10.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress，AnneBenedictwentontothank(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.(2015·陜西)Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Whensummeres，theywillinvitetheirstudentseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))pickthefreshvegetables！(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))2.Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoeq\f(knowing,know)us.(2016·浙江，短文改錯(cuò))3.Thepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademeeq\f(felt,feel)likeIwasdreaming.(2015·浙江，短文改錯(cuò))4.Ienjoyedeq\f(sit,sitting)closetothewindowsandlookingattheview.(2015·浙江，短文改錯(cuò))5.We’vebeenspendingalotoftimeeq\f(sing,singing)inkaraokebars.(2015·四川，短文改錯(cuò))6.It’sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywanteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))sharewithyousomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.(2015·四川，短文改錯(cuò))7.Aftereq\f(looks,looking)atthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Thisisthepathleading(lead)totheschool.2.Sheisalwaysthelasttospeak(speak)atthemeeting.3.Thelittlegirldressed(dress)inwhiteisMary’syoungersister.4.Itisimportantforyoutohave(have)atalkwithyourson.5.Theworkersweremadetowork(work)dayandnight.6.Thetopictobediscussed(discuss)tomorrowisabouteducation.7.Yourschoolwon’thaveyoucheating(cheat)intheexam.8.Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsideremploying(employ)meinyourpany.9.Thereisnopointpredicting(predict)thegrowthrateofthisyearnow.10.Inspringpeopleoftengettreesplanted(plant)hereandthere.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換11.Whenhewokeup，hefoundthathewaslyingontheground.→Whenhewokeup，hefoundhimselflyingontheground.12.Thegirlwasseatedunderthattree.Doyouknowher?→Doyouknowthegirlseatedunderthattree?13.Myputerdoesn’twork.I’llasksomeonetorepairit.→Myputerdoesn’tworkandI’llget/haveitrepaired.14.Theboyswereplayingfootball.Isawitjustnow.→Isawtheboysplayingfootballjustnow.15.Shewillbuythiscoat.Shewillgiveittohermother.→Thiscoattobeboughtbyherisforhermother.Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)(2017·四川內(nèi)江市高二檢測(cè))Onasnowywinternight，abuswith45passengerhadanaccidentbecausethewetroad.Andallofwhomweretrappedinthebus.Whatisworse，thebusranoutofgasbutitwasverycoldinit.Theycoulddonothingbutwaitedforhelp.Amanwholivednearbysawwhathadbeenhappened.Heandsomevillagerssucceededinopenthedoorandhelpedallofthemoutofthebus.Hetookthemtohisownhomeandofferedfoodandwaterandevensomewarmclothestothechildren.Theyspenttwodaysintheirhomeandfinallyhelpcame.Allofthemwerethankfullyforthehelp.答案Onasnowywinternight，abuswith45eq\f(passenger,passengers)hadanaccidentbecauseeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(of))thewetroad.Andallofeq\f(whom,them)weretrappedinthebus.Whateq\f(is,was)worse，thebusranoutofgaseq\f(but,and)itwasverycoldinit.Theycoulddonothingbuteq\f(waited,wait)forhelp.Amanwholivednearbysawwhathadbeenhappened.Heandsomevillagerssucceededineq\f(open,opening)thedoorandhelpedallofthemoutofthebus.Hetookthemtohisownhomeandofferedfoodandwaterandevensomewarmclothestothechildren.Theyspenttwodaysineq\f(their,his)homeandfinallyhelpcame.Allofthemwereeq\f(thankfully,thankful)forthehelp.Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2017·安徽馬鞍山二中高二檢測(cè))TearsrandownfrommyeyesasIsawtheessaymyhighschoolEnglishteacherhadjusthandedback.Abig“F”waswrittenontop.Iwashopeless.Iwasstupid！Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.“I’mtheonlyonewhodoesn’tknowmyABCs！”IsobbedtoMum.“I’llhelp，”shepromised.EverydayIsatwithher，buttome，catlookedlike“cta”and“red”wasreb.Frustrated，Iwouldreturntomybedroomanddraw，fillingthepaperwithhouses，restaurantsandoffices.“WhenIgrowup，Iwantmyownstore，”ItoldMum，pointingtomydrawings.“That’sgreat！”shesaid，“Butfirstyouhavetolearntoread.”Later，Iwasdiagnosedwithdyslexia(失讀癥).SoMumtookmetoalearningcentre，whereIwasgivenreadingexercises.ButIstillstruggled.Finally，Igraduated，butIwasafraidofmyreadingskills.“I’llnevergetajob！”IcriedtoMumlateragain.“Don’tfocusonwhatyoucan’tdo，”sheforted.“Concentrateonwhatyoucan.”ButwhatcanIdo？Iwondered.Suddenly，IthoughtofthedrawingsI’dmadeasachildandmydreamofhavingmyownstore.Ienjoyedsalessomuchthatoverthenextfewyears，Itriedmyhandatotherbusinesses.Today，Iwatchoversevenbranches.Wehave187employeesand$15millioninsales.WhileI’llneverbewhatmyteachersmighthavewanted，Iamasuccess—onmyownterms.Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.Tearsofjoyfilledmyeyes.Thiswasmy“A”，Ismiled.語(yǔ)篇解讀作者得了失讀癥。在媽媽的耐心陪伴和鼓勵(lì)下，作者找到了方向并最終取得了事業(yè)上的成功。1.Whydidtheauthorfeelsoashamedatschool?A.Histeacherscoldedhiminclass.B.Histeacherrefusedtoreadhisessay.C.Hefailedtohandinhisessayontime.D.Hisclassmateslookeddownuponhim.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.”可知，作者受到了同學(xué)們的嘲笑才感到很羞愧，故D項(xiàng)正確。2.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sfeelingtohismother?A.Doubtful. B.Grateful.C.Guilty. D.Annoyed.答案B解析推理判斷題。由文章內(nèi)容可知，在媽媽的耐心陪伴和鼓勵(lì)下，作者找到了方向并最終取得了事業(yè)上的成功，由此可知，作者對(duì)媽媽心存感激，故B項(xiàng)正確。3.Whatdoyouknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor’ssuccessinspiredakid.B.Theauthor’sparentswereproudoftheirchild.C.Theauthorsetagoodexampletobusinessmen.D.Theauthor’steachermusthavefeltashamed.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.”可知，作者的成功極大地鼓舞了一個(gè)學(xué)生，故A項(xiàng)正確。B(2017·河北石家莊實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二檢測(cè))FacebookisanInternetbasedsocialnetworksitethatletspeoplegetintouchwithfamilyandfriendsandreachouttopeoplewithmoninterestsaroundtheworld，allthroughputer.Itisverypopular，withmorethan900millionusers.IfFacebookwereacountry，itwouldhaveaboutthreetimesthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.DocumentsfiledwithUSfinancialregulatorssayFacebookhashundredsofmillionsofactiveuserswhosendbillionsofmessageseachdayandupload250millionphotographsontheirpersonalpages.Facebookusershaveregistered100billion“friends”.OnFacebook，“Friending”someonemeansyouaddthepersontoyourlistofpeopleyoucanmunicatewithdirectly，whichoftenallowsthepersontoseemoreinformationaboutyouthanyousharewiththegeneralpublic.FacebookwasstartedbyMarkZuckerbergandotherstudentsatHarvardUniversityin2004，andhasgrownatanamazinglyfastpace.FacebookmakesmoneywhenadvertiserspaytogetaccesstohundredsofmillionsofFacebookusers.AdvertiserscanoftendirecttheirmessagestothepeoplemostinterestedintheirproductsbecauseFacebookputerskeeptrackofinformationthatusersplaceontheirpages.Forexample，apersoninterestedindiving，planningawedding，lookingforwork，orsufferingfromdiabetes(糖尿病)mayseeadvertisementsrelatedtothosetopics.FacebookhasbeesomuchapartofthecultureoftheUnitedStatesandothernationsthatithasbeenthesubjectofaHollywoodmovie.Itisakeymarketingtoolformanybusinesses，anditsusers’contenthasbeenusedasevidenceinsomedivorceorcriminalcases.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文主要介紹了臉譜網(wǎng)，包括它的創(chuàng)立者、它在世界上的廣泛運(yùn)用和影響等。)4.Fromthefirstparagraph，wecanlearnthat.A.about900millionAmericansareusingFacebookB.FacebookiswidelyusedintheworldC.FacebookisacountryintheInternetD.Facebookisaplacewherepeoplecanmeetfacetoface答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“FacebookisanInternetbasedsocialnetworksitethatletspeoplegetintouchwithfamilyandfriendsandreachouttopeoplewithmoninterestsaroundtheworld，allthroughputer.”可知，臉譜網(wǎng)是一個(gè)基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)網(wǎng)站，讓人們與家人和朋友聯(lián)系，并讓世界上有共同興趣的人可以互相交流。故選B。5.IfyouareafriendofsomeoneonFacebook，you.A.willhave100billionfriendsB.candownload250millionphotographsC.willsharemoreprivateinformationD.havetosendmessageseveryday答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“whichoftenallowsthepersontoseemoreinformationaboutyouthanyousharewiththegeneralpublic”可知，假如你在臉譜網(wǎng)上與他人是朋友的話(huà)，會(huì)交流分享更多的個(gè)人信息。可知選C。6.AdvertisersuseFacebookbecausetheycanknow.A.whoareinterestedintheirproductsB.howtokeeptrackofinformationC.whatproductsarepopularwiththeyoungD.wheretheirproductsaresoldwell答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“AdvertiserscanoftendirecttheirmessagestothepeoplemostinterestedintheirproductsbecauseFacebookputerskeeptrackofinformationthatusersplaceontheirpages.”可知，廣告商們經(jīng)常在臉譜網(wǎng)上投放廣告，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢詮哪樧V網(wǎng)了解到哪些用戶(hù)是他們的潛在客戶(hù)?？芍xA。7.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WhoStartsFacebook?B.HowtoUseFacebook?C.WhenIsFacebookOn?D.WhatIsFacebook?答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了臉譜網(wǎng)，包括它的創(chuàng)立者、它在世界上的廣泛運(yùn)用和影響等。故選D。Ⅱ.七選五(2018·江西南昌六校高二檢測(cè))FiveSecretstoLivingaSunshineLifeDon’tavoidorignorenegativity.Inordertoconquerandoverethenegativity，itmustbeacknowledged.Youareincontrolofyourenvironmentandifthesenegativesituationskeepmakingan