13.病毒的危害及其預(yù)防(解析版)

13.病毒的危害及其預(yù)防一、閱讀理解1Stomachfluisoneofthemostunpleasantofacommonillness.Itspreadseasily.That’sespeciallytrueifsomeoneinyourfamilyhasit.Aviruscancausestomachflu,butnotthesameonethatcausescommonflu.There’snomedicinetomakeitgoawayatonce.Buttherearesomethingsyoucandotostopcatchingit.Youcanstopstomachflubywashingyourhandsoften.Usehotwaterandsoaptowashyourhands.Usingsoapisbetterthanusingnothing,butitdoesn’tworkverywellagainststomachflu.That’sbecausesoapcan’tkillviruscompletely.Thevirusthatcausesstomachfluishardtokill.Normalcleaners(清潔劑)won’talwaysgetridofit.Somixbleach(漂白劑)withwater,andusethattocleanyourhouse.Ifsomeoneinyourfamilyissick,remembertocleanthingsthatpersonhastouched.Dishwashersarebetteratkillingvirusesthanwashingthedishesbyhand.That’sbecausetheykeepthedisheshotterorlonger.Manyvirusescanliveinyourwashingmachine.Sowashclotheswithhotwaterandusebleach,ifpossible.Youmayevenrunthewashingmachinewithnoclothes,justhotwaterandbleach.Thiswillkillanyvirusinit.Ifyoudogetthestomachflu,drinkasmuchwateraspossible.Ifyou’refeelingbetter,don’treturntoworkorschoolrightaway.Youcanstillspreadthediseaseforafewdaysafteryoufeelbetter.Ifyouhaveafever,waitatleast24hoursafteritendsbeforegoingout.Thiswillhelpstopotherpeoplefromgettingsick.Stomachfluisawful,butbyfollowingthesetipsabove,youcankeepawayfromit.1.Fromparagraph1,weknowthat________.A.stomachfluisapleasantcommonflu.B.medicinecanmakestomachflugoawayatonce.C.ifsomeonearoundyoucatchesstomachflu,youmaycatchit,too.D.thesameviruscancausestomachfluandcommonflu.2.Whatdoestheunderlinephrase“getridof”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.逃離 B.除去 C.避免 D.變糟3.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttokillviruses?A.Washingyourhandswithwaterandsoap.B.Mixingbleachwithwatertocleanyourhouse.C.Washingthedishesandclotheswithbleachbyhand.D.Runningthewashingmachinewithoutclothes,justwithhotwaterandbleach.4.Whatshouldwedoafterafeverends?A.Takeaslittlemedicineaspossible. B.Returntoworkorschoolatonce.C.Waitatleast24hoursbeforegoingout. D.Gotoseethedoctoragain.5.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.C5.D【解析】本文主要介紹了預(yù)防腸胃型流感的一些方法。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Stomachflueisoneofthemostunpleasantofacommonillness.Itspreadseasily.That’sespeciallytrueifsomeoneinyourfamilyhasit.”可知腸胃型流感很容易傳播，如果家里有人患這種病，那就更是如此了。由此得知，如果你身邊的人得了腸胃型流感，你也可能會被傳染。故選C。2.語義猜測題。根據(jù)“Thevirusthatcausesstomachfluishardtokill.”和“Somixbleach(漂白劑)withwater,andusethattocleanyourhouse.”可知導(dǎo)致腸胃型流感的這種病毒很難殺死，需要使用漂白劑去清理房子，而一般的清潔劑無法除去這種病毒。故選B。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Youmayevenrunthewashingmachinewithnoclothes,justhotwaterandbleach.Thiswillkillanyvirusinit.”可知你讓洗衣機(jī)在只有熱水和漂白劑的情況下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)也能殺死洗衣機(jī)里的任何病毒。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ifyouhaveafever,waitatleast24hoursafteritendsbeforegoingout.”可知退燒后，你應(yīng)該至少等24小時(shí)后才能出去。故選C。5.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章第一段總述了腸胃型流感雖然很容易傳播，但是可以采取一些方法預(yù)防；第二，三，四，五段分別介紹了預(yù)防腸胃型流感的方法；最后一段對文章作進(jìn)一步的總結(jié)。由此可知，文章采用了“總—分—總”的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。2Itisacoldanddrywintermorning.Whenyouwakeup,youfeelthatyourthroat(喉嚨)hurts.Youbegintocough(咳嗽).Youhaveacold!Coulditjustbeacommoncoldortheflu(流感)that’sbeengoingaround?Acoldgivesyouarunnynoseandacough.Butit’susuallyeasytodealwith.Somepeopletakemedicinewhileothersdrinkwarmwaterorchickensoup.Usuallyyoufeelbetterafteraweek.Ontheotherhand,theflucanbemuchmoredangerous.Sometimesitcanmakepeopledie.AccordingtoanAmericanmagazine,theworstflukilledabout50,000,000peoplefrom1918to1919.Don’tworry.Ifyougetafluvaccine(疫苗),itcanstopyoufromgettingthevirus.Fluvaccinesworkbygivingthebodysomefluviruses.Thismakesyourbodyproduceantibodies(產(chǎn)生抗體).Sonexttimeyougettheflu,theantibodiescanhelpyouThefluviruschangeseveryfewyears.Therearesomanykindsoffluandtheantibodiesforonekindofflucan’thelpusagainstallkindsofflu.That’swhyweneedtogetthevaccineeveryyear.Goodhealthyhabitsmayalsohelpkeepyouawayfromacoldorflu.Washingyourhandsoftenhelpsstopyoufromgettingviruses.Itisalsoimportanttodosomeexerciseandeathealthyfood.6.Theunderlinedword“virus”inthepassagemeans“________”inChinese.A.癌癥 B.病毒 C.手術(shù)7.Usuallyyou’llfeelbetterafter________ifyouhaveacommoncold.A.threedays B.sevendays C.twoweeks8.Accordingtothepassage,________isthecorrectorder.a.Yourbodygetssomefluviruses.b.Yourbodycanfightthevirusnexttimeyoucatchtheflu.c.Yougetafluvaccine.d.Yourbodyproducesantibodies.A.c-a-d-b B.c-d-a-b C.a-c-d-b9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Inordertogetawayfromtheflu,weshouldhavehealthyhabits.B.Acoldismoreseriousthantheflu.C.Aslongaswegetafluvaccine,wewillnevergettheflu.10.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?A.It’smainlyaboutwhypeopleshouldgetthefluvaccineeveryyear.B.It’smainlyaboutthedifferencesbetweenacoldandtheflu.C.It’smainlyaboutwhatthefluisandhowtokeepawayfromit.【答案】6.B7.B8.A9.A10.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文，本文主要介紹了流感是什么，以及如何遠(yuǎn)離流感。6.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Don’tworry.Ifyougetafluvaccine(疫苗),itcanstopyoufromgettingthevirus.Fluvaccinesworkbygivingthebodysomefluviruses.”可知，病毒會導(dǎo)致得流感，此處指的是病毒。故選B。7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Usuallyyoufeelbetterafteraweek.”可知，普通感冒通常一周后會感覺好些，一周就是七天。故選B。8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyougetafluvaccine(疫苗)”、“Fluvaccinesworkbygivingthebodysomefluviruses.”、“Thismakesyourbodyproduceantibodies(產(chǎn)生抗體).”以及“Sonexttimeyougettheflu,theantibodiescanhelpyou”可知，倒數(shù)第二段對應(yīng)的是c-a-d-b的順序。故選A。9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Goodhealthyhabitsmayalsohelpkeepyouawayfromacoldorflu.”可知，好的生活習(xí)慣也可以幫助我們遠(yuǎn)離感冒和流感。故選A。10.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了流感是什么，以及如何遠(yuǎn)離流感。故選C。3ImproveonSleepGoodhealthneedsgoodsleep.Gotobedbeforeyou’retired.Don’teatorreadinbed.Gotobedatthesametimebeforemidnightandgetupatthesametime.Yourbodylikesroutine(常規(guī))foragoodnight’ssleep.StayFreeofFluStudiesshowthatacoldorfluvirus(病毒)canliveonourhandsforlong.Sowashallpartsofyourhandsoftenwithsoapandwater.Formorewaystopreventthespreadofflu,pleasecallHealthLineat1800-848-1313.OralHealth(口腔健康)Visitthedentistatleastonceayear.Themouthisamirrorofdisease.Theoralexaminationisnotonlyforthehealthofteeth,butthewholebody.Formoreofit,pleasevisit.au.FitforLifeStudieshaveshownthatmanydiseaseshavesomethingtodowithlessornophysicalactivity.Trytodoitfor30minutesaday,5daysormoreaweek.Formoreinformation,pleasecallHealthLineat1800-438-2000.11.Ifyouwanttogetagoodsleep,you’dbetter________.A.gotobedafteryou’retired B.gotosleepatmidnightC.followthebedtimeroutine D.eatsomethingorreadinbed12.Topreventfromcatchingacoldorflu,it’sgoodforyou________.A.towashyourfaceoften B.tobrushyourteethdailyC.togetupearlyeverymorning D.towashallpartsofyourhandsoften13.Accordingtothepassage,manydiseaseshavesomethingtodowith________.A.doinglittlephysicalactivity B.washinghandswithcoldwaterC.sleepingtoolatesometimes D.havingnooralexamination【答案】11.C12.D13.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了四塊健康小知識，分別關(guān)于睡眠、流感、口腔健康和運(yùn)動(dòng)。11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ourbodylikesroutine(常規(guī))foragoodnight’ssleep.”可知，常規(guī)的作息才能有好的睡眠。故選C。12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Studiesshowthatacoldorfluvirus(病毒)canliveonourhandsforlong.Sowashallpartsofyourhandsoftenwithsoapandwater.”可知洗手的各個(gè)部位有利于防止感冒和流感，故選D。13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Studieshaveshownthatmanydiseaseshavesomethingtodowithlessornophysicalactivity.”可知，沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)或很少做運(yùn)動(dòng)容易生病。故選A。4Coronavirus:whatdoweknow?ReadtofindoutmoreaboutCOVID-19andthecoronavirusfamily.Wehavelotsofgoodtipstohelpyoustaysafeandhealthy.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthenovelcoronavirus(新型冠狀病毒)?ItisthisvirusthatcausesCOVID-19,anacuterespiratoryinfectiousdisease(急性呼吸道傳染病).Coronavirusesarealargefamilyofviruses.Theword“corona”comesfromLatin(拉丁文)andreferstocrowns(王冠).Whenpeoplefirstsawacoronavirusunderamicroscope(顯微鏡),theyfoundthatitsspikes(刺突)lookedlikeacrown.That’showthevirusesgottheirname.Somecoronavirusescauseillnessinhumans;manyothersarefoundinanimals,includingcamels,catsandbats.Sofar,wehavefoundsevenkindsofcoronavirusthatcaninfecthumans.Fourofthemcausecommonsicknesses,suchastheflu(流感)andcommoncold.Butsomecoronavirusesaremoreserious.ExamplesincludeMiddleEastrespiratorysyndrome(MERS,中東呼吸綜合癥)andsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS，嚴(yán)重急性呼吸綜合癥).Thenovelcoronavirus,whichwasfirstfoundinWuhan,istheseventhone.WehavetheanswersQ:Whatisthenovelcoronavirus?A:Thenovelcoronavirushasnotbeenfoundinhumansbefore.ItwasfirstfoundinaseafoodmarketinWuhan.Researchersfoundthatitprobablycamefrombats.Q:Howdangerousisit?A:Thenovelcoronaviruscankillupto2.1percentofthepeopleitinfects(感染).SARSandMERShavefatalityrates(致死率)ofabout9.6and34.4percent,respectively(分別的),accordingtoWHO.Q:Whocancatchthisvirus?A:Elderlypeopleareatthehighestrisk(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))ofdying.Over80percentofdeathshavebeenpeopleabovetheageof60andover75percenthadchronicdiseases(慢性病).Childrenwhohavethediseaseoftenshowminorsymptoms(輕癥).Q:Whatarethesymptomsofthenewdisease?A:Infectedpeoplewillhaveafever,coughandbreathingdifficulties.Inmoreseverecases,theviruscancausepneumonia(肺炎),kidneyfailure(腎衰竭)anddeath.Q:Howdoesthisvirusspread?A:Coronavirusescanspreadthroughmucusdroplets(粘液飛沫)(acoughorsneeze);closepersonalcontact(touchingorshakinghands);touchinganobjectwithviralparticles(微粒)(thentouchingyourmouth,noseoreyesbeforewashingyourhands);andrarelyfromhumandroppings(排泄物).Q:Howlongistheincubation(潛伏)period?A:Infectedpeoplewillshowsymptomsbetween3to7days,or14daysatmost.Buttheincubationperiodcanlastforaslongas24days.Q:ArethereanywaystopreventortreatCOVID-19?A:Thereisnocure(特效藥)forthevirusyet.Antibiotics(抗生素)areeffectiveagainstbacteria,butnotviruses.Doctorscanonlytrytotreatthesymptomsandimprovetheimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))withmedicineinordertofightthevirus.Source:Chinadaily14.Thecoronaviruseswasnamedbecauseofits________.A.color B.shape C.size D.symptoms15.Whatdoweknowaboutthisvirus?A.Childrenwon’tcatchthisvirus.B.Itismorelikely(可能性)forelderlypeopletocatchthecoronaviruses.C.theincubation(潛伏)periodcanlastaslongas7days.D.Therehavebeensomecure(特效藥)forthevirus.16.Whatisthedeathfatalityrates(致死率)ofthecoronavirus?A.3.4 B.2.1 C.9.6 D.34.417.Whichoneisnotasymptomofthenewdisease？A.cough B.breathingdifficulties C.afever D.aheadache18.Theviruswon’tspreadthrough________.A.foodyoueatB.mucusdroplets(粘液飛沫)C.personalcontactD.touchinganobjectwithviralparticles(thentouchingyourmouth,noseoreyesbeforewashingyourhands)【答案】14.B15.B16.B17.D18.A【解析】本文是來自《中國日報(bào)》的有關(guān)新型冠狀病毒的介紹。包括名字的由來，它是如何傳播的，潛伏期，它有多危險(xiǎn)以及感染它的癥狀等。14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theword‘corona’comesfromLatin(拉丁文)andreferstocrowns(王冠).Whenpeoplefirstsawacoronavirusunderamicroscope(顯微鏡),theyfoundthatitsspikes(刺突)lookedlikeacrown.That’showthevirusesgottheirname.”可知，冠狀病毒的命名是因?yàn)樗男螤?，故選B。15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Elderlypeopleareatthehighestrisk(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))ofdying.Over80percentofdeathshavebeenpeopleabovetheageof60andover75percenthadchronicdiseases(慢性病).”可知，老年人更容易感染冠狀病毒，故選B。16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thenovelcoronaviruscankillupto2.1percentofthepeopleitinfects(感染).”可知，冠狀病毒的死亡率是2.1%，故選B。17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Infectedpeoplewillhaveafever,coughandbreathingdifficulties.”可知，感染者會出現(xiàn)發(fā)燒、咳嗽和呼吸困難，故選D。18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Coronavirusescanspreadthroughmucusdroplets(粘液飛沫)(acoughorsneeze);closepersonalcontact(touchingorshakinghands);touchinganobjectwithviralparticles(微粒)(thentouchingyourmouth,noseoreyesbeforewashingyourhands);andrarelyfromhumandroppings(排泄物).”可知，冠狀病毒可以通過粘液飛沫傳播，個(gè)人接觸傳播，接觸帶有病毒的物體傳播，不會從你所吃的食物傳播，故選A。5Springisaninvitingseasonforoutdooractivities.Butbecareful—thewarmweatherisalsoahotbedforviruses(病毒)anddisease.ThisMarch,theinfluenza(流行性感冒)A(H7N9)virushitShanghai,Anhui,JiangsuandZhejiang.ItwasreportedthatbyApril11atleast35peoplehadbeeninfected(被感染的)withtheH7N9virus,andnineofthemhaddied.TheinfluenzaA(H7N9)virusisonetypeofinfluenzaAH7viruses.InfluenzaAH7virusesnormallyspreadamongbirds.ThisisthefirsttimehumaninfectionswithH7N9viruseshavebeenreportedinChina.EarlierreportswereaboutH5N1andH1N1.AllthethreevirusesareinfluenzaAvirusesbuttheyarenotthesame.H7N9andH5N1areanimalinfluenzavirusesthatcouldinfectpeople.However,H1N1virusescanbedividedintotwogroups.Onegroupcannormallyinfectpeopleandtheothernormallyinfectsanimals.Also,H1N1canspreadfromhumantohuman,butH7N9probablycan’t,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO).MostpeopleinfectedwithH7N9lookedliketheyhadthecommonflu.Somepeoplehadbadpneumonia(肺炎).Theysufferedfromafever,acoughandshortnessofbreath.Butdon’tbeafraid-itisnoteasytobeinfectedwiththevirus.Oneofthepossiblereasonsisclosecontactwithsickpoultry(家禽)waste.PeoplemayalsobeinfectedthroughbreathaccordingtoNationalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommission.HerearesometipsfromtheWHOthatcanprotectyoufrombeinginfected.●Washyourhandswithsoapandrunningwaterbeforeyoueat,afteryouusethetoilet,andaftertouchinganimalsoranimalwaste.●Whencoughingorsneezingcoveryourmouthandnosewithamask,tissueorasleeve.●Getagoodrestanddoexercises,whichwillhelpmakeyourbodystrongenoughtostanduptothevirus.19.What’sthenameoftheinfluenzavirusthathitShanghai,Anhui,JiangsuandZhejiangthisMarch?A.ItistheH7N9virus. B.ItistheH5N1virus.C.ItistheH1N1virus. D.ItisAH7virus.20.HowmanypeoplehaddiedbyApril11accordingtothereport?A.About35. B.About9. C.About44. D.Nobodyhaddied.21.What’stheChinesemeaningfor“standupto”inthelastparagraph?A.起立 B.站著 C.抵抗 D.向上【答案】19.A20.B21.C【解析】本文主要介紹了今年發(fā)生的一種新的禽流感病毒。短文簡要的介紹了這些病毒的流行地區(qū)并就如何防止感染提出了幾點(diǎn)具體建議。19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThisMarch,theinfluenza(流行性感冒)A(H7N9)virushitShanghai,Anhui,JiangsuandZhejiang.”可知，今年三月，甲型流感（H7N9）病毒襲擊了上海、安徽、江蘇和浙江。故選A。20.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItwasreportedthatbyApril11atleast35peoplehadbeeninfected(被感染的)withtheH7N9virus,andnineofthemhaddied.”可知，有9個(gè)人死于這種病毒。故選B。21.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Getagoodrestanddoexercises,whichwillhelpmakeyourbodystrong”可知，此處指的是讓你的身體足夠強(qiáng)壯來抵抗這些病毒。故選C。6Ifpeoplearoundyouhavehadafeverrecently,itmaynotbeCOVID-19.It’sreportedthatmanyplacesinChinahaveenteredintothepeak(高峰)periodforseasonal(季節(jié)性的)flu.InfluenzaA(甲流)issweepingacrossthecountry.Inthepastthreeyears,peopledidthingstopreventCOVID-19fromspreading,whichalsopreventedthespreadingofflu.Thus,people’simmunity(免疫力)tothefluwentdown.Besides,thefluandCOVID-19aredifferentviruses,sogettingCOVID-19doesnotprotectyoufromgettingtheflu,saidWuZunyoufromtheChineseCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Howisthevirusspread?Throughcoughsorsneezes(噴嚏).Thevirusesgointotheair.Ifsomeonenearbybreathesthemin,theycouldgetsick.Howtorecover?Mostpeopledon’tneedtotakemedicine.Thesymptomscangoawayafter3to7days.Butifthefeverdoesn’tgodownafterthreedays,gotoseeadoctor.22.Accordingtothepassage,whichoneisnotmentioned(被提及)abouttheSymptomsofinfluenzaA?A.Havingacough. B.Havingaheadache.C.Havingafeverabove38℃. D.Havingatoothache.23.Ifthefeverdoesn’tgodownafterthreedays,youshould________.A.stayathome B.gotoseeadoctorC.takethemedicinebyyourselves D.takeahotshower24.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer(推斷)that________.A.thefluandCOVID-19aredifferentvirusesB.althoughinfluenzaAisspreadingaroundChina,wehavewaystopreventitC.he/shewillgobacktoschoolin24hoursifastudentcatchesthefluD.ifyouhavehadafeverrecently,itmustbeCOVID-1925.Youmayreadthepassageina/an________.A.newspaper B.story C.artmagazine D.sportsmagazine【答案】22.D23.B24.B25.A【解析】本文是關(guān)于甲流病毒的科普文章，主要介紹了其癥狀、治療及預(yù)防等。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SymptomsofinfluenzaA:CoughFeverabove38℃HeadacheSorethroat”可知牙痛不是甲流的癥狀。故選D。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butifthefeverdoesn’tgodownafterthreedays,gotoseeadoctor.”可知三天不退燒應(yīng)該看醫(yī)生。故選B。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Howtopreventit?”這一部分的內(nèi)容主要介紹預(yù)防甲流的方法，可推出雖然甲流正在中國各地蔓延，但我們有辦法預(yù)防。故選B。25.推理判斷題。本文是關(guān)于甲流病毒的科普文章，主要介紹了其癥狀、治療及預(yù)防等。可推出可能在報(bào)紙上讀到。故選A。7Flueasilyspreadsfromonepersontoanother.Thisisespeciallytruetopeoplewhoareweak.Ifyouareweak,youaremorelikelytocatchtheflueasily.Doyouknowhowyoucanavoidflu?KeepingoodhealthThebesttreatment(療法)toillnessisgoodhealth.Youcaneateverythingyouwantbutmakesurethatyourdietishealthy.Thehealthieryouare,thebetteritisforyoutoavoidanytypeofillnessaround.Mostdoctorssuggestplentyoffreshfruitjuiceandwaterinorderthatonecanavoidtheflu.StayawayfrompeoplewithfluIfamemberofthefamilyorafriendhastheflu,stayawayfromhim/heruntilhe/sheiswell.Fluisverycommunicableandyoucancatchitbygoingwiththepersonwiththeflu.Wearamaskandavoidusingthingsthatthepersonwiththefluisusing.ExerciseExercisingwillmakeyoustronger,whichmeansastrongerimmune(免疫的)systemtoo.Exerciseoftensothatyourbodywillkeephealthy.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatkindofexerciseitis.Whatisimportantisthatyouaremakingyourbodystrongertopreventillnessfromattackingyou.BehappyHappypeoplearehealthypeople.Theirlifeisstressfree,sotheyaremorelikelytobesafefromillness.Ifyouareunhappy,whichaffectsyourimmunesystem,youwilleasilygetsick.Avoidingthefluiseasy.Justboost(增強(qiáng))yourimmunesystemanditwilltakecareoftherest.26.What’sthebesttreatmenttoillness?A.Bestmedicine. B.Moreexercise. C.Goodhealth. D.Beinghappy.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“communicable”probablymeaninChinese?A.頑固的 B.無效的 C.致命的 D.傳染的28.Thepassageiswrittento________.A.introducesomewaystoavoidflu B.sharesomefactsaboutimmunesystemC.advisepeopletodomoreexercise D.describetheimportanceofhealth【答案】26.C27.D28.A【解析】本文主要介紹了如何避免流感：保持良好的健康；遠(yuǎn)離患流感的人；鍛煉；要快樂。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Thebesttreatmenttoillnessisgoodhealth.”可知，治療疾病最好的方法是好的健康，故選C。27.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“youcancatchitbygoingwiththepersonwiththeflu”可知，你可以和流感患者一起感染，所以流感具有很強(qiáng)的傳染性，communicable應(yīng)意為“傳染的”，，故選D。28.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了如何避免流感，故選A。8HowcanIprevent(防止)myselffromhavingtheflu?◆Washyourhandsoften.◆Getenoughsleep,domoreexercise,anddrinklotsofwater.◆Getafluvaccination(接種疫苗)everyyearifyou,orsomeoneyoulivewith,isoneofthefollowingATRISKgroups:※childrenaged6to35months.※peoplewhoworkathospitals.※peoplewhoareover60yearsold.HowcanItellifIhavetheflu?Youmayhavethefluifyouhavethefollowingsymptoms(癥狀):◆Feelingcold◆Feelingverytired◆Havingaheadache◆Coughing◆Havingasorethroat◆HavingarunnynoseWhatshouldIdoifIhavetheflu?◆Takesomemedicine.◆Drinklotsofwater.29.Whichofthefollowingcanpeopledotopreventthemselvesfromthefluaccordingtothetable?①Washtheirhandsoften.

②Playsportsoften.

③Eathealthyfood.④Drinkenoughwater.

⑤Takesomemedicine.A.①②④ B.②③④ C.①③⑤ D.②④⑤30.WhichofthefollowingpeoplemayNOTbeintheATRISKgroup?A.Tim—heisgoingtobe65yearsold.B.Mary—sheisadoctorinherhometown.C.Tim—hecouldn’thearattheageoffive.D.Jack—hisparentscelebratedhissecondbirthdayyesterday.31.Howmanykindsofsymptomsofthefluarementioned(提及)inthetable?A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Eight.32.Whatcanweknowfromthetable?A.Wherepeopleshouldstaywhentheyhavetheflu.B.Howoftenapersoncangetafluvaccination.C.Howmanyhours’sleepisgoodforpeople.D.Whatkindofmedicinepeoplecantakewhentheyhavetheflu.33.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tomakeuspreparesomemedicineathome.B.Totellussomethingaboutthefluvaccination.C.Tomakeusfollowsomerulesinthehospital.D.Tomakeusknowaboutthefluwell.【答案】29.A30.C31.B32.B33.D【解析】本文主要介紹了如何預(yù)防流感，如何辨別自己是否患了流感以及如果患了流感應(yīng)該怎么做。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Washyourhandsoften.”，“domoreexercise”和“drinklotsofwater”可知，勤洗手，鍛煉身體和多喝水可以預(yù)防流感。故選A。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“childrenaged6to35months.”，“peoplewhoworkathospitals.”和“peoplewhoareover60yearsold.”可知，6到35個(gè)月的孩子，在醫(yī)院工作的人以及超過60歲的人是高危人群，即5歲的孩子不屬于高危人群。故選C。31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Feelingcold”，“Feelingverytired”，“Havingaheadache”，“Coughing”，“Havingasorethroat”，“Havingarunnynose”可知，共提到了六種流感的癥狀。故選B。32.細(xì)節(jié)題解題。根據(jù)“Getafluvaccination(接種疫苗)everyyear”可知，我們可以從文中知道接種疫苗的頻度。故選B。33.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹如何預(yù)防流感，如何辨別自己是否患了流感以及如果患了流感應(yīng)該怎么做，由此可知本文的目的是讓我們更好地了解流感。故選D。9Itisacoldanddrywintermorning.Whenyouwakeup,youfeelthatyourthroathurts.Youbegintosneezeandlateryoumaycough.Youmusthaveacold.Waitamoment.Coulditjustbeacommoncoldorthefluthat’sbeengoingaround?Acoldgivesyouarunnynoseandacough.Butit’susuallyeasytodealwith.Somepeopletakemedicinewhileothershaveherbalteaorchickensoup.Youfeelbetterafteraweek.Ontheotherhand,theflucanbemuchmoredangerous.Itusuallygivesyouafever.Sometimesitcancausedeath.AccordingtoanAmericanmagazine,theworstflukilledabout50millionpeoplefrom1918to1919.Don’tworry.Ifyougetafluvaccine(疫苗),itcanprotectyoufromgettingthevirus(病毒).Fluvaccinesworkbygivingthebodyasmallnumberofflu.Thiscausesyourbodytodevelopantibodies(抗體).Sonexttimeyougetviruses,theflu,theantibodieswillhelpyou.Thefluviruschangeseveryfewyears.Therefore,therearesomanytypesofflu,suchasHINIandH5NI.Theantibodiesforonetypeofflucan’thelpusagainstalltypesofflu.That’swhyweneedtogetthevaccineeveryyear.However,healthyhabitsmayalsohelpstopyoufromdevelopingacoldorflu.Washingyourhandsoftenhelpsstopyoufromgettingviruses.Itisalsoimportanttogetregularexerciseandeathealthyfood.Allthesecanhelpyoustrengthenyourimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng)).34.Inwhichsectionfromamagazinecanwereadthepassage?A.FamilyFriend. B.InterestHobbies. C.HealthIllness. D.EnergyEnvironment.35.Accordingtothepassage,whichisTRUEoftheflu?A.Itiseasytodealwith. B.Itdoesn’tgiveyouafever.C.Itfirsthappenedin1919. D.Itcankillpeoplesometimes.36.Ifyougetafluvaccine,________.A.yourbodywilldevelopantibodiesB.youwillgetalargenumberoffluvirusesC.itcan’tprotectyoufromgettingthefluvirusD.itwon’tcauseyourbodytodevelopantibodies37.Weneedtogetafluvaccineeveryyearbecause________.A.thefluisverydangerousB.weprobablyhaveacoldinwinterC.thefluviruschangeseveryfewyearsD.youdon’tneedtotakeanymedicineafterthat38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“strengthen”probablymeaninChinese?A.becomestronger B.getsmaller C.stopbeingill D.starttobuild【答案】34.C35.D36.A37.C38.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了普通感冒和流感的區(qū)別、流感的危害，以及應(yīng)對流感的措施。34.推理判斷題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知本文主要介紹了普通感冒和流感的區(qū)別、流感的危害，以及應(yīng)對流感的措施。故選C。35.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sometimesitcancausedeath.”可知流感有時(shí)會造成死亡。故選D。36.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Fluvaccinesworkbygivingthebodyasmallnumberofflu.Thiscausesyourbodytodevelopantibodies(抗體).”可知如果你接種了流感疫苗，流感疫苗會給身體注射少量的流感來發(fā)揮作用，這會導(dǎo)致你的身體產(chǎn)生抗體。故選A。37.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thefluviruschangeseveryfewyears.”可知我們每年都要接種流感疫苗是因?yàn)榱鞲胁《久扛魩啄甓紩l(fā)生變化。故選A38.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Washingyourhandsoftenhelpsstopyoufromgettingviruses.Itisalsoimportanttogetregularexerciseandeathealthyfood.”可知經(jīng)常洗手、有規(guī)律地鍛煉、吃健康的食物，這些習(xí)慣可以幫助你增強(qiáng)你的免疫系統(tǒng)。故選A。二、完形填空1EbolaisariverinAfrica.In1976,adangerousvirus(病毒)was39there.Theviruscancausepeopletogetverysickandeven40.SopeoplecallthevirusEbola.Yearsago,EbolacausedtheworstprobleminwesternAfrica,andit41veryquickly.MedicalexpertsallovertheworlddidtheirbesttostopEbolaandtreatthepeoplewhowere42.Ebolaoftenstartswithfeverandheadache,kindofliketheflu.Butitcangetworseandcauseseriousbleedingandbreathingproblems.It’sveryimportant43infected(被感染的)peopletogettreatmentrightaway.PeoplewhohaveEbolaneedtobecaredforinaspecialway44theillnessdoesn’tspreadtodoctors,nursesorothersintheirfamilies.Doctorsaren’tsurehowthe45persongotEbola,buttheythinkpeoplepickedupthevirusfrominfectedanimals.Peoplecangetthevirus46touchinganinfectedperson’sdropsofblood.ButEboladoesn’tspreadthroughfoodorwaterlikesomeviruses47.Italsodoesn’ttravelthroughtheairlikecoldorfluvirusesdo.InareaswheretheEbolavirusis,anyone48doesn’tfeelwellshouldgetmedicalhelpimmediately.39.A.invent B.invented C.find D.found40.A.die B.death C.dying D.dead41.A.spreads B.spread C.isspreading D.hasspread42.A.bad B.sick C.healthy D.well43.A.of B.for C.to D.with44.A.suchthat B.soasto C.inorderto D.sothat45.A.one B.once C.first D.last46.A.with B.to C.in D.by47.A.did B.does C.do D.done48.A.which B.who C.whom D.whose【答案】39.D40.A41.B42.B43.B44.D45.C46.D47.C48.B【解析】本文主要講述了埃博拉病毒的歷史。39.句意：1976年，在那里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種危險(xiǎn)的病毒。invent發(fā)明，動(dòng)詞原形；invented發(fā)明，過去分詞；find找到，動(dòng)詞原形；found發(fā)現(xiàn)，過去分詞。根據(jù)“adangerousvirus(病毒)was”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種病毒，需要過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選D。40.句意：這種病毒會導(dǎo)致人們病得很重，甚至死亡。die死，動(dòng)詞；death死亡，名詞；dying垂死的，形容詞；dead死的，形容詞。根據(jù)“getverysick”可知，需要一個(gè)詞與get并列，故選A。41.句意：幾年前，埃博拉病毒在西非造成了最嚴(yán)重的問題，而且傳播速度非?？臁preads擴(kuò)散，三單形式；spread擴(kuò)散，動(dòng)詞原形或過去式；isspreading正在擴(kuò)散，進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)；hasspread已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散，完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“Yearsago”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，故選B。42.句意：世界各地的醫(yī)學(xué)專