2023北京大興區(qū)高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案

2023北京大興高一（下）期末英語第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。115分）WhenIbecameamputee（截肢患者）atage29，Iwasforcedtorethinktheideaofphysicalperfection.MylifebecamedifferentasIchangedfromanacceptablyattractivewomantoanobjectofpityand（1）.busy2）physicalpainandobviousmobilitylimitation，Iwasnotawareofthischangeatfirst.ButmyworkandlifeaswellasbeforefeelinggoodabouttheprogressIhadmade.Iwasdeterminedto（3）4），asImademyfirsttripoutsidethehospital，societyhadalreadyassignedastatus.Happytobefreeofmylimitinthehospital，Irolledthroughtheshoppingmallasasurvivor.Unfortunately，IhadaruderesponseasIdiscoveredthatothersdidnotviewmetheIhadcomeviewmyself.Alleyesuponmeyetnoonedaredtomakeeyecontact.Theirto5）myeyesforcedmetorealizetheysawonlymissinglegs.WhileIthinkingaboutwhathadhappenedasmallgirlcameuptome.Shestaredwithunembarrassed）attheemptypants.Findingnothingthere，shelookedupatmewithapuzzledlook，shechildishlyasked，"Lady，wheredidyourlegsgo？"Iexplainedthatmylegshadbeensick.Sincemylegshadn'tbeenstrongandhealthylikehers，thedoctorshadto（7）herheadupwards，sheasked，"Didtheygoto'LegHeaven'？"Thatincidentmademethinkabouthow（8）childrenandadultsreacttotheachildanoddappearanceisinterestingcuriosityand9）learningexperiencewhileadultsoftenviewthesamethingwithfearandfulfillthewholenessofmymindandspirit，Inowsmilewarmly，makeeyecontact，andspeakinaconfidentusinga（10）approach，Iattempttoenlightensocietyaboutthefactthathavinganot﹣so﹣perfectbodydoesn'tmeanhavingapoorqualityoflife.（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）（7）A.comfortA.cryingwithA.balanceA.InsteadA.turnB.fearC.hatredD.sadnessB.figuringoutB.quitC.holdingbackC.manageC.HoweverC.catchD.dealingwithD.overcomeD.ThereforeD.avoidB.MoreoverB.holdA.curiosityA.loseB.determinationC.enthusiasmB.adjustC.removeD.satisfactionD.stretch（8）（9）（10）A.differentlyA.painfulB.positivelyB.potentialB.flexibleC.strangelyC.similarD.sympatheticallyD.commonA.creativeC.positiveD.scientific第二節(jié)語法填空（共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。215分）AIndailylife，bodylanguageplaysanimportantpartincommunication.Bywatchingbodylanguage，wecanlearnalotabout（1）peoplethinking.Justlikethewordsweuse，bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.Theimportantthingisthatbodylanguageshouldbe（2）used.Forexample，makingeyecontactinsomecountriesisa（3）othercountries，bycontrast，notalleyecontactisapprovedof.Bappropriate）（displayinterest.InUsually，stressisseenasbeingbadbutthisisnotalwaystrue.Eustress（積極壓力）isthepositivewordforstress.It（4）（relate）wellbeingandpositiveattitudes.Eustressoccurswhenthegapbetweenwhatonehasandwhatonewantsisslightlypushed.Eustresscreatesabetterenvironmentforpeople，which5）（make）themperformbetterandcostless.Therefore，Eustressisnecessary（6）achievement.CFuchunteahouseliesahutongofJiangsuProvince.Althoughitisnotlocatedintheveryheartofthecity，itsreputationpersuadesmanycustomersinto（7）（comeingroups.8）（found）1885，F(xiàn)uchunteahousewasaflowershopandbecameaplacepeopledrinkteathen.Itstartedto（）（variety）delicatepastries（甜點）untiltheownerintroducedthem，10）notonlyperfectlymatchedtheChinesetea，butalsorepresentedakindofartistryfromthekitchen.36分）OnSeptember7；1930，LongpingwasborninBeijing.FluentinEnglishhismotheroftenreadFriedrichNietzsche'sworkstohim.InfluencedbyhismotherLongpinglikedEnglish，geographyandchemistryatschool.Aftergraduatingfromuniversity，hebecameateacherinthecountrysideofHunan1953.lotsofcropfailures，nationwidehungerhitChinathe1960s，makingmanypeopleliveabadwassadandfelthemustdosomething.SincetheclimateHunanwasnotfriendlygrowingwheat，hedecidedtodevotehimselftostudyinghowtoincreasetheproductionofrice，abasicfoodforover60percentofChinesepeople：Fromthenonhebeganalifelongconnectionwithrice.Longpingsucceededingrowingtheworld'sfirsthighproductionhybridrice（雜交水稻）1973，whichcouldreachayieldofover500kgpermorethan200kgthanbefore.Forthenextfourdecades，hecontinuedworkontheresearchofhybridrice.In2020，hybridricedevelopedbyhisteamachieved1，500kgpermuintwogrowingseasons，anewworldrecord.Nowadays，thehybridriceisgrownalmosthalfofChina'sricefieldsandproductionaccountsfor60percentofthetotalriceproductioninChina.Thehybridriceproductionis20percentmorethanthecommonkinds，theyearlyincreaseofwhichfeedsuptonearly100millionpeople.In2019Longping，knownasthe"Fatherofhybridrice"，wasawardedMedaloftheRepublic，China'shighestLongping'sbiggestdreaminlifewastodevelopmorehybridricevarieties，whichcouldbegrownallovertheworldtohelpsolvetheglobalfoodproblem.Sofar，thehybridvarietieshedevelopedhavebeengrowninover40countriesincludingUSA，BrazilandIndia.（1）WhatdoweknowaboutLongpingaccordingtothetext？A.Hebegantostudyhybridricein1973.B.HereceivedthehighesthonorinChinaat90.C.Heevertaughtmathinthecityaftergraduation.D.HeeverhopedChinesewouldbefreefrom（2）HowdoestheauthormainlyshowtheachievementsofLongpinghybridrice？A.Bylistingfigures.B.Byquotingreports.C.Byimaginingresults.D.Byexplainingreasons.（3）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLongpingaccordingtothetext？A.Patientandhonest.B.Energeticandathletic.C.Capableandremarkable.D.Humorousandadventurous.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。46分classroomteachingalonecannotmotivateeverystudent.Giventhatchildrenloveentertainment，inspirationalmoviesareanandeasymediumtomotivatethem.Herearefourbestinspirationalmoviesofalltimeforstudents.GoodHuntingInternetMovieDatabaserating8.3/10Story：MattDamonplayedthetitleroleofa20﹣yearoldyoungman.Theheroisgiftedwithhighpotentialinmathematicsandchemistrybutdoesn'trealizewhathispotentialcanfilmwillinspirestudentsdiscoverhiddentalentstheyhave.PaperChaseInternetMovieDatabaserating7.2/10Story：SometimesstudydoesnotPaperChasefocusesonthehardworkingJamesfacesmanychallengesduringhisfirstyearatHarvard.Themovieisperfectforanyonefindingitkeepthemotivationalive.SocialNetworkInternetMovieDatabaserating7.7/10Story：ThisinspirationalHollywoodmovieshowsjourneyofMarkZuckerbergfromaHarvardstudenttoamulti﹣millionaire：Itisreallyinspiringoneforeveryoneanditmightinspireyoutobecomeanawesomegeniuslikethemanhimself.TheSocialNetworktellsthateverystudentcanturntheirdreamintoStandandDeliverInternetMovieDatabaserating7.9/10Story：ThismovieisbasedontherealstoryofahighschoolmathematicsteachernamedJaimeEscalante.Itshowshowamathsteachersupportshis"nohoper"studentstostudybyadoptingunusualteachingmethods.StandandDeliverinreallyinspirationalmoviewhothinktheyarehopelessintheirstudies.（1）Whichofthefollowingisthebestratedfilm？A.GoodHunting.B.ThePaperChase.C.TheSocialNetwork.D.Standand（2）WhoisThePaperChaseperfectfor？A.Studentswithundiscoveredtalents.B.Studentswithlearningdifficulties.C.Studentshavingdifficultykeepingmotivated.D.Studentshopingtobecomeanawesomegenius.（3）WhatcanwelearnfromJaime'sstory？A.Mathsisasubjectforstudents.B.HightechscontributealottoteachingC.Oneteachingmethodmaynotapplytoeverystudent.D.Aninspirationalmovieisanmediuminspirestudents.58分）PieterBruegel's1565realisticpaintingTheHarvestershangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt."Theworkdescribesfarmerscuttingwheatnearlyastallastheyare，"GhentUniversitybiologistIveDeSmetsays."Nowadaysifyouwalkthroughawheatfield，youbasicallyseewheatisaboutkneehigh，whichisaconsequenceofselectivebreedingfromthesecondhalfofthe20thDesayshe'steamingupwitharthistorianDavidofAmaranttolookatthingswheretheycandifferencesshape，incolor，andinsize.Wheatisjustexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanhelptrackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.FriendssincechildhoodtheirinterestplantsinartworkbeganwithavisittotheHermitageMuseumRussia—wheretheynoticedanodd﹣lookingwatermeloninanearly﹣17th﹣centurypaintingbyFlemishartistFransSnyders."Soifyouthinkofawatermelon，youcutitthrough，itshouldbedarkredontheinside.Butthatoneappearedtobepaleandwhite."DeSmetassumedthepainterhaddoneapoorjob.Butsaid，"Thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepaintsitlikethat，that'sthemusthavebeen."Otherpaintingsshowedthatbothredandwhitewatermelonswereraisedduringthe17thteamhopestosetupanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theycreateasocialmediahashtag（主題標(biāo)簽）forit.Anyonecouldsendpicturesofrelevantartworkanddetailsofplantswhentheyvisitamuseumorexhibitthroughthehashtag.Buttheyadds，thesourcesneedtoberealistic."Ifyou'regoingtouse，forexample，Picassounderstandhowapearlookedyoumightbemisled."（1）WhatcanwelearnfromDeSmet'swordsinparagraph1？A．Humanshavemainlyfedonwheatsince1565.B．Selectivebreedingagriculturalstructure.C．Wheatgonethroughgreatchangesinheight.D．ThesceneinTheHarvestersmaybeunbelievable.（2）WhatisattitudethewatermelonpaintedbyFransSnyders？A．Curious.B．Disapproving.C．Favorable.D．Doubtful.（3）Whywasthesocialmediahashtagcreated？A．collectmoresourcepaintings.B．encouragepeopletofocusonart.C．a(chǎn)dvertisetheirresearchdatabase.D．sharesomehistoricalplantartwork.（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A．Ancientpaintingsfocusonfoodcrops.B．Oldartrevealsagriculturalinformation.C．mencreateadatabaseofplantartwork.D．Plantstodayaredifferentfromtheirancestors.68分）FromtheMoontoMars，scientistshavebeenhuntingforalienlifeinthesolarsystemfordecades.However，wasnotregardedasanidealplacebecauseofishottemperatureanddryatmosphere.Butarecentdiscoveryoftracesofagasinthecloudsofhasexcitedastronomers，asitmayserveasapotentialsignoflife.OnSept.14，theRoyalAstronomicalSocietyofCanadaannouncedthatscientistshavedetectedphosphine（磷化氫）inthecloudsofisacolourless，toxicgasthathasanodourofgarlic（蒜）.ThoughtoxicitisviewedasapossiblesignoflifebecauseontheEarththegasismadebymicroorganismsthatliveinoxygen﹣freeenvironments."Iwasverysurprised﹣stunnedinfact，"astronomerJaneGreavesofUniversityinandleadauthoroftheresearchsaid."ThereisachancethatwehavedetectedkindoflivingthecloudsofThislayerofcloudsisabout48kilometresabovethesurface，withitstemperaturerangingfrom30to200degreesFahrenheit.Scientistshavespeculatedthatiflifeexistsonthisclouddeck（云蓋）islikelytheonlyplacewhereitwouldsurvive.Scientistswentthrougheverypossibilitythatcouldhaveledtheformationofphosphinegasinclouds，includingvolcanoes，lightningstrikes，smallmeteorites（隕石）fallingintotheatmosphere.Buttheyruledallofthemout.Itwasconcludedthatthereisnoexplanationfortheexistenceofthisgasincloudsotherthanthepresenceoflife，USAreported.Althoughthedetectionofphosphineisnothardevidenceforlife，thisfindingisgreatenoughchangescientists'viewonwhichisthoughttobeacompletelyinhospitable（不適合居住的）planet.（1）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.AnewlydetectedgasmayindicatepossibleexistenceoflifeonB.ScientistsfoundthemosthospitableplaceonC.Theenvironmentonchangedinfavouroflife.D.Phosphineformedonmeansalienlifeispresent.（2）Whatcanwelearnaboutphosphinefromthetext？A.Ithasnosmellatall.B.ItonlyexistsonC.Itcanbeproducedbymicroorganisms.D.Itisasignoftheexistenceofoxygen.（3）Whatcanweinferfromparagraphs3and4？livingorganismshavebeendetectedonB.Thehigherthecloudisabove，thewarmeris.C.Theclouddeckisrichinphosphine.D.Iflifeexistson，islikelyintheclouddeck.（4）Whatscientistsconcludeaboutthephosphinegasdetectedon？A.Itcouldbeformedasaresultofthefallingofmeteorites.B.Itcouldbeasignthatthereislifeclouds.C.Itcouldbecausedbyvolcanoesandlightningstrikes.D.Itprovesthatisanotherhospitableplanet.第二節(jié)（共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。710分）ScientistsvisitingtinyHendersonIslandintheSouthPacificrecentlymadeanalarming（1）Theycalculatedtherewere38millionpiecesofplastic."Thisisnotissuetoneeddosomethingnowprotectthesea."saidonescientist.Plasticwastethehaslongbeenknownabout，butonlyarewediscoveringthetrueextentoftheproblem.Plastictakeshundredsofyearstodecompose，alltheplasticeverproducedstillexistssomewhere.Around95%ofplasticsmadearenotrecycled，andamountsenterthesea.Currents（洋流）collectthiswastecircularsystemscalled"gyres".（2）downintoverysmallpieces，or"microplastic"，（）TheproblemgetsworseasplasticbreaksHumansalsoeatthesefish，andmicroplastichasevenbeenfoundintapwateraroundtheworld.TheplasticonHendersonIslandaccountsforjust2seconds'worthofglobalannualplasticproduction.Thatproductionwillbethreetimesby2050.（4）WhiledivingGreece，youngBoyanSlatnoticedtherewasmoreplasticwastethanfish.Hedecidedrightthentodedicatehislifesolvingthisproblem.Boyanthought，movethroughtheseawhentheseacanmovethroughyou？SohestartedTheOceanCleanupproject，whichplacesverylongfloatingbarriersthePacific.Currentsthenconcentratethewastenaturallyitcanbecollectedandrecycled.Hehopestoreducethepatchby50%injustfiveyears."Seaplasticisasymbolofthenegativeofourlifestyleandtechnology，"hesays."（5）Protectingtheseafromplasticisagoodplacetostart!"A．itgoesunnoticedandfindsitshumanbodies.B．Thisiseatenbyfishandleadstomassivespeciesloss.C．workwiththecurrentswouldhelpcollectthewaste.D．OuraimshouldbecreateanewlifestyleforthisE．However，thereareyoungmindsworkingcleanuptheseaforfuturegenerations.F．Althoughremoteandpreviouslyuntouchedbyhumans，theislandwascoveredinplasticwaste.G．OneoftheisinthePacificOcean，areanowknownasthe"GreatPacificGarbagePatch".第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英語回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。8分）When13year﹣oldKatierecentlywentonline，shecouldn'tbelievethatsomeclassmatesweremakingofseventhgraderfromNewJerseydiscoveredmeanhurtfulcommentswrittenaboutherinanonlinejournal."Itwasreallyoffensive（無禮的）andupsettingtobecauseIkneweveryonecouldseeitonline，"Katietold"TherewasnothingIcoulddoitdown."FormanykidslikeKatie，Cyberbullying（網(wǎng)絡(luò)霸凌）hasbecomepartofeverydaylife.Mostcyberbulliesarebetweentheagesof914.Studiesshowthatabout55percentofkidsingrades4through8havehadorhurtfulremarksmadethemonline."Cyberbullyingisahugeprobleminfourth，fifth，andsixthgrades，"saidAftab，onlinesafetyexpert.iscyberbullyingsuchagrowingproblem？Forstarters，kidsspendalotofonlineatbothhomeandatschool.Ninety﹣threepercentofAmericankidshavecomputerstheirhomes，accordingtotheU.S.CensusBureau.Onlineexpertssaybeingmeanonlineeasierbecausecomputersgivekidsasenseofbeinganonymous（匿ornotbeingknown.KidssaythingsontheInternetthattheywouldneverface﹣toface.Somekidsalsodon'trealizethatthey'recyberbulliesbecausetheydon'tseetheconsequencesoftheiractions."Inface﹣﹣facecommunication，weseewhenwe'vegonetoofar，"Aftabsays.loseallthosevisualcuesonline."addresstheproblem，moreschoolsandcommunitieseducatingkidsaboutonlineetiquette（禮儀）andareholdingantibullyingseminars.Aftabtrainsgroups，calledand，tobecomesafeandresponsiblecybercitizenswhosharetheirknowledgewithothers.Kendall12，experiencedcyberbullyingwhenkidsschoolblockedhimoutofgamingsites.Hisadvicefordealingwithacyberbully："Don'tbeafraidtotellyourparents，teachers，orwhomeveryoutrustthemost."（1）Whyiscyberbullyingmorelikelytohappenthanface﹣to﹣facebullying？（2）Whatareschoolsandcommunitiesdoingtopreventonlinebullying？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplain?Cyberbullyinghasbecomeincreasinglycommonamongteenagersespeciallythosewhoareundergrade4.（4）Whatwillyoudoifyouseesomeonebeingbulliedonlineabout40words）第二節(jié)（共分）920分）某英語國家在網(wǎng)上向全球中學(xué)生招募一批文化小使者（littleenvoy學(xué)生李華，有意參加該活動，請你向負(fù)責(zé)人寫一封申請信，內(nèi)容要點如下：（1）表達(dá)愿意參加的意向；（2）能夠勝任的原因；（3）對文化小使者的理解。注意：（1100（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫：（3）開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear，，LiHua參考答案第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。129歲被截肢后所經(jīng)歷的事情以及自己的心路歷程，最終決定用積極的態(tài)度對待自己的人生，并向社會證明：有一個不那么完美的身體并不意味著生活質(zhì)量差。）考查名詞及語境理解。A.comfort舒適；B.fear恐懼；C.hatred憎恨；D.sadness悲傷。句意：當(dāng)我從一個可以接受的漂亮女人變成了一個可憐和恐懼的對象時，我的生活變得不同了。根據(jù)下文achild，oddappearanceisaninterestingcuriosityanda（9）learningexperiencewhileadultsoftenviewthesamethingwithfearand可知，人們看到作者這個截肢患者，會產(chǎn)生恐懼，fear為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞。故選B項。（2）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.cryingwith和……一起哭；B.figuringout理解；C.holdingback抑制；D.dealingwith處理，應(yīng)付。句意：由于忙于處理身體上的疼痛和明顯的行動能力限制，我一開始并沒有意識到這種變化。根據(jù)空后的physicalpainandobviouslimitationofmovement，以及"Iwasdeterminedto（3feelinggoodabouttheprogressIhadmade，asImovedforward."可以推斷，作者截肢以后一定會有身體上的各種不便要去應(yīng)對（dealingwithD項。（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.balance平衡；B.quit停止；C.manage設(shè)法做，管理；D.overcome句意：我決心要成功，在前進(jìn)的過程中，我為自己取得的進(jìn)步感到高興。根據(jù)空前busy（2）physicalpainandobviousmobilitylimitation，Iwasnotawareofthischangeatfirst."，以及空后feelinggoodabouttheprogressIhadmade，asImovedforward可知，作者在處理身體上的疼痛和明顯的行動能力限制過程中取得了進(jìn)步，即取得成功（manageC項。（4）考查副詞及語境理解。A.Instead代替，反而；B.Moreover此外；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。句意：然而，當(dāng)我第一次走出醫(yī)院時，社會已經(jīng)給了我一個新的身份。根據(jù)上文"Iwasdetermined（3feelinggoodabouttheprogressIhadmade，asImovedforward."，以及下文"Unfortunately，IhadaruderesponseasIdiscoveredthatothersdidnotviewtheIhadcometoviewmyself."可知，盡管作者在與殘疾的斗爭中取得進(jìn)步，別人并沒這么想，周圍人已經(jīng)給了作者新的身份，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用However。故選C項。（5）考查動詞及語境理解。A.turn使旋轉(zhuǎn)；B.hold抱住，擁有；C.catch抓??；D.avoid避免。句意：他們努力避開我的眼睛，這讓我意識到他們只看到了我失去的雙腿。根據(jù)前文"Alleyeswereuponmeyetnoonedaredmakeeyecontact."可知，他們的眼睛都看著作者，然而卻沒有人敢直視作者的眼睛，所以此處應(yīng)該是他們避免（avoid）和作者對視。故選D項。（6）考查名詞及語境理解。A.curiosity好奇心；B.determination決心；C.enthusiasm熱情，激情；D.satisfaction滿意。句意：她帶著毫不尷尬的好奇盯著那條空空的褲管。根據(jù)后文"Findingnothingthere，shelookedupatmewithapuzzledlooksheinnocentlyasked，'Lady，wheredidyourlegsgo？'"以及achild，oddappearanceisaninterestingcuriosityanda（9）learningexperiencewhileadultsoftenviewthesamethingwithfearand"，curiosity為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，可知對于作者空空的褲管小姑娘很好奇。故選A項。（7）考查動詞及語境理解。A.lose失去；B.adjust調(diào)整，適應(yīng)；C.remove移除，除去；D.stretch變大，拉長。句意：由于我的腿不像她的那樣強壯健康，醫(yī)生不得不把它們切除。根據(jù)第一段"WhenIbecameanamputee（截肢患者）age29，Iforcedrethinktheideaofphysicalperfection."可知，作者的腿被切除了（removeC項。（8）考查副詞及語境理解。A.differently不同地；B.positively積極地；C.strangely奇怪地；D.sympathetically憐憫地。句意：這件事讓我思考了孩子和成年人對未知事物的不同反應(yīng)。根據(jù)前文"Alleyeswereuponme，yetnoonedaredtomakeeyecontact.Theirto5）eyesforcedmetorealizetheysawonlymymissinglegs."以及"Findingnothingthere，lookedupatwithapuzzledlook，sheinnocentlyasked，'Ladywheredidyourlegsgo'"以及"Leaningherheadupwards，sheasked，'Didtheygoto'LegHeaven'？'"可知，成年人和孩子對于我的殘疾的反應(yīng)有著明顯的不同（differentlyA項。（9）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.painful痛苦的；B.potential潛在的；C.similar相似的；D.common共同的。句意：對孩子來說，奇怪的外表是一種有趣的新奇的東西，也是一段潛在的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷，而成年人通常會以恐懼和憎惡來看待同樣的事情。根據(jù)前文"Findingnothingthere，lookedatmewithapuzzledlook，sheinnocentlyasked，'Lady，wheredidyourlegsgo'""Leaningherheadupwards，sheasked，'Didtheygo'LegHeaven'？'"可知，小姑娘對作者的殘疾的腿很好奇，將它當(dāng)成了一個潛在的學(xué)習(xí)的機會。potential符合語境，故選B項。（10）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；B.flexible靈活的；C.positive積極的，樂觀的；D.scientific科學(xué)的。句意：通過使用積極的方法，我試圖讓社會明白這樣一個事實：擁有一個不那么完美的身體并不意味著生活質(zhì)量差。根據(jù)上文fulfillthewholenessofmindandspirit，Inowsmilewarmly，makeeyecontact，andspeakaconfident可知，我對生活的態(tài)度是積極的，樂觀的（positiveC項。【點評】近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時，要考慮整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等。答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。第二節(jié)語法填空（共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。2A是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了肢體語言在日常交際中的重要作用。B是一篇說明文，文章介紹了積極壓力的重要性。C是一篇說明文，文章介紹了江蘇省的富春茶館。）考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：通過觀察肢體語言，我們可以了解到人們在想什么。分析可知，此處引導(dǎo)賓語從句作about的賓語，從句中缺少thinking的賓語，表示"......的事情，故應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what。（2）考查副詞。句意：關(guān)鍵是肢體語言的使用要恰當(dāng)。分析可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞appropriately作狀語，修飾謂語動詞beusedappropriately。（3）考查動詞不定式。句意：例如，眼神交流在一些國家是一種表達(dá)興趣的方式。awaydosth"做某事的方式，故此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作后置定語，修飾名詞away。故填display。（4）考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：它與幸福和積極的態(tài)度有關(guān)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為句子的謂語動詞，結(jié)合上下文可知，句子是在陳述客觀事實，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時，根據(jù)句意表示"與……有關(guān)，應(yīng)用berelatedto，主語為itbe動詞應(yīng)用isisrelated。（5）考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：積極壓力為人們創(chuàng)造了一個更好的環(huán)境，這使他們表現(xiàn)得更好，成本更低。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為定語從句的謂語動詞，結(jié)合上下文可知，句子是在陳述客觀事實，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語which（指代前文整個主句）為單數(shù)概念，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填makes。（6）考查介詞。句意：因此，積極壓力對于取得成就是必要的。根據(jù)句意表示對……是有必要的"，應(yīng)用benecessaryforfor。（7）考查動名詞。句意：雖然它不在城市的中心，但它的聲譽吸引了許多顧客成群結(jié)隊地來。分析可知，此處需要使用動名詞形式作介詞into的賓語。故填coming。（8）考查過去分詞。句意：富春茶館成立于1885年，當(dāng)時是一家花店，之后成為人們喝茶的地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作狀語，動詞found與其邏輯主語Fuchunteahouse之間是被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動，句首單詞首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Founded。（9）考查形容詞。句意：直到老板引進(jìn)各種精致的糕點，它開始提供這些糕點，這不僅與中國茶完美匹配，而且代表了廚房的一種藝術(shù)。分析可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞various作定語，修飾后文名詞pastries。故填various。（10）考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：直到老板引進(jìn)各種精致的糕點，它開始提供這些糕點，這不僅與中國茶完美匹配，而且代表了廚房的一種藝術(shù)。分析可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為pastries，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which?！军c評】語法填空考查學(xué)生英語綜合知識的運用，做題時要首先明確短文大意，從詞語搭配，固定句型，語法，時態(tài)等方面綜合考慮，結(jié)合上下文語境找出正確答案。3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的lotsofcropfailures，nationwidehungerhitChinathe1960s，makingmanypeopleliveabadwassadandfelthemustdosomething.SincetheclimateHunanwasnotfriendlytogrowingwheat.Hedecideddevotehimselftostudyinghowtoincreasetheproductionofrice，abasicfoodforover60percentofChinesepeople.（上世紀(jì)60年代，由于大量農(nóng)作物歉收，全國范圍內(nèi)的饑荒襲擊了中國，使許多人過著惡劣的生活。袁隆平很傷心，覺得自己必須做點什么。因為湖南的氣候不適合種植小麥。他決定致力于研究如何增加水稻的產(chǎn)量，水稻是60%以上中國人的基本食物）可推知，袁隆平曾經(jīng)希望中國人能免于饑餓。故選D。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Longpingsucceededgrowingtheworld'sfirsthighproductionhybridrice（雜交水稻）varietyin1973，whichcouldreachayieldofover500kgpermorethan200kgthanbefore.1973年，袁隆平成功地培育出了世界上第一個高產(chǎn)雜交水稻品種，比以前每200多公斤產(chǎn)量可達(dá)500多公斤）和In2020hybridricedevelopedbyhisteamachieved1500kgpermuingrowingseasonsanewworldrecord.（2020年，他的團隊開發(fā)的雜交水稻在兩個生長季節(jié)內(nèi)畝產(chǎn)達(dá)到1500公斤，創(chuàng)造了新的世界紀(jì)錄）可推知，作者主要通過列出數(shù)字展示了袁隆平在雜交水稻方面的成就。故選A。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Aftergraduatingfromuniversity，hebecameateacherthecountrysideofHunanin1953.1953年大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他到湖南農(nóng)村當(dāng)了一名教師）到后來致力于雜家水稻的研究，并獲得中華人民共和國最高榮譽勛章可知，袁隆平很能干，很了不起。A.Patientandhonest耐心的和誠實的；B.Energeticandathletic精力充沛的和健壯的；C.Capableandremarkable能干的和了不起的；D.Humorousandadventurous幽默的和有冒險精神的。故選?！军c評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每部電影的InternetMovieDatabaserating評分可知，GoodHunting是評分最高的電影。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePaperChase部分中的Themovieisperfectforanyonefindingtokeepthemotivationalive.（這部電影非常適合那些很難保持積極性的人）可知，ThePaperChase適合在保持積極性方面有困難的學(xué)生。故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StandandDeliver部分中的Itshowshowamathsteachersupportshis"no﹣hoper"studentstostudybyadoptingunusualteachingmethods.（它展示了一位數(shù)學(xué)老師如何通過采用不同尋常的教學(xué)方法來支持他的"沒有希望Jaime對沒有希望"的學(xué)生采用了不同的方法。由此可知，教育學(xué)生要因材施教，一種教學(xué)方法不可能適用于所有的學(xué)生。故選C?！军c評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。5．【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過以在大都會藝術(shù)博物館展出的一幅1565年的繪畫作品"TheHarvesters"為例，結(jié)合其它藝術(shù)作品，說明了可以通過過去的藝術(shù)作品了解當(dāng)時的農(nóng)業(yè)情況。1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Nowadays，ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield，youbasicallyseewheatisaboutknee﹣highwhichisaconsequenceofselectivebreedingfromthesecondhalfofthe20th（如今，如果你走過一塊麥田，你基本上會看到小麥大約有膝蓋那么高，這是20世紀(jì)下半葉選擇性育種的結(jié)果）可知，我們可以從德斯米特在第一段中的話中了解小麥在高度上經(jīng)歷了很大的變化。故選C。（2）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段Butsaid，"Thisisofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepaintslikethat，that'stheitmusthavebeen."（但說：這是那個時代最好的畫家之一。所以如果他把它畫成那樣，那就一定是那樣的。）可知，F(xiàn)ransSnyders畫的西瓜是真實的，表示支持。故選。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Theteamhopestosetupanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theycreateasocialmediahashtag（主題標(biāo)簽）forit.（該團隊希望建立一個歷史植物藝術(shù)品的在線研究數(shù)據(jù)庫。他們?yōu)樗鼊?chuàng)建了一個社交媒體標(biāo)簽。）可知，社交媒體標(biāo)簽被創(chuàng)建是為了收集更多的與植物有關(guān)的繪畫作品。故選A。（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Wheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanhelptrackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.（小麥只是歷史藝術(shù)作品如何幫助追蹤糧食作物隨時間而變化的一個例子。）并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，通過以在大都會藝術(shù)博物館展出的一幅1565年的繪畫作品"TheHarvesters"為例，結(jié)合其它藝術(shù)作品，說明了可以通過過去的藝術(shù)作品了解當(dāng)時的農(nóng)業(yè)情況。故選B?！军c評】閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。6）A.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段FromthemoontoMars，scientistshavebeenhuntingforalienlifeinthesolarsystemfordecades."（從月球到火星，幾十年來，科學(xué)家們一直在太陽系中尋找外星生"OnSept14theRoyalAstronomicalSocietyofCanadaannouncedthatscientistshavedetectedphosphineinthecloudsof（9月日，加拿大皇家天文學(xué)會（RoyalAstronomicalSocietyofCanadaScientistshaveconcludedthatiflifeexistson，thecloudsarelikelytheonlyplacewhereitwouldsurvive.（科學(xué)家們得出結(jié)論，如果金星上存在生命，那么云團可能是生命存在的唯一地方。）可知，文章主要講述了一種新探測到的氣體可能表明金星上可能存在生命。故選A。（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Phosphineisacolorless，poisonousgasthathasasmellofgarlic.Thoughpoisonous，isviewedapossiblesignoflifebecauseonEarththegasismadebymicroorganismsthatliveinoxygen﹣freeenvironments.（磷化氫是一種無色的有毒氣體，有大蒜的氣味。雖然有毒，但它被視為可能存在生命的跡象，因為在地球上，這種氣體是由生活在無氧環(huán)境中的微生物。（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段Scientistshaveconcludedthatiflifeexistson，thecloudsarelikelytheonlyplacewhereitwouldsurvive.（科學(xué)家們得出結(jié)論，如果金星上存在生命，那么云團可能是D。（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段Scientistswentthrougheverypossibilitythatcouldhaveledtheformationofphosphinegasclouds，includingvolcanoeslightningstrikes，smallmeteorites（隕石）fallingintotheatmosphere.Buttheyruledallofthemout.Itwasconcludedthatthereisnoexplanationtheexistenceofthisgascloudsotherthanthepresenceoflife，USAreported.（科學(xué)家們研究了所有可能導(dǎo)致金星云層中磷化氫氣體形成的可能性，包括火山爆發(fā)、閃電、墜入大氣層的小隕石。但他們都排除了。據(jù)《今日美國》報道，得出的結(jié)論是，除了生命的存在，無法解釋金星云層中這種氣體的B。【點評】1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。第二節(jié)（共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。7要做些什么來保護海洋。）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文ScientistsvisitingtinyHendersonIslandtheSouthPacificrecentlymadeanalarming科學(xué)家們到了一個島上并有了驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)。而下文Theycalculatedtherewere38millionpiecesofplastic.（他們計算出有3800F"盡管這個島很偏遠(yuǎn)，以前也沒有被人類接觸過，但島上到處都是塑料垃圾。承上啟下，與上下文內(nèi)容一致。故選F。（2）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Around95%ofplasticsmadearenotrecycled，andamountsenterthesea.Currents（洋流）collectthiswasteincircularsystemscalled"gyres".95%的塑料制品無法回收，大量流入海洋。洋流在稱為環(huán)流的大型循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中收集這些廢物。）可知，在海洋中，環(huán)流在收集這些廢物。選項G"最大的垃圾帶之一位于太平洋，這一地區(qū)現(xiàn)在被稱為大太平洋垃圾帶。"與上文內(nèi)容一致。故選G。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Theproblemgetsworseasplasticbreaksdownintoverysmallpiecesor"microplastic".（當(dāng)塑料分解成非常小的碎片或微塑料Humansalsoeatthesefish，andmicroplastichasevenbeenfoundintapwateraroundtheworld.（人類也吃這B"這被魚吃掉，導(dǎo)致大量的物種消失。承上啟下，與本段