2023屆廣東省佛山市高三上學(xué)期普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測（一）英語試題含答案

2022～2023學(xué)年佛山市普通高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(一)英語2022.12本試卷共8頁滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。因不考聽力,試卷從第二部分的“閱讀”開始,試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATotalSolarEclipse2023AustraliaOneofnature’smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蝕)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.TherehavebeenonlyfivetotalsolareclipsesinAustraliaoverthepastcenturyandthisisthefirsthybrideclipseinmorethan1000years.Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.Youwillhavethebestpossibleviewoftheeventaswellasenjoyinglecturesandstargazingonlandandatsea.Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.Plus,therewillbeadditionaltalksfromtheAstronomicalSocietyofAustralia.Clickherefordetailedarrangementsofthetour.SingleoccupancyPerguestbasedontwopeoplesharingInteriorcabin￡2,429￡1,699Oceanviewcabin￡3,229￡2,199Ifyouwishtoaddathirdadultorchildtoyourroom,pleaseaskforaquote.Alongsidethecruise,youcanalsoexploresomeofAustralia’sbestscientificandnaturalphenomenawithaseriesoftailoredadd-ontourscoveringastronomyontheeastcoastandvisitstoUluru,Sydney,theGreatBarrierReefandmuchmore.Onthelastdayofthetour,wecansendyoubacktotheairportforyourreturnjourneyhome,oryoucanjoinoneofouradd-ontours.Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.1.Whatmakesthecruisedifferentfromothers?A.Aspecialist’sguidance.B.Atalkwithastronomers.C.AchanceforstargazingD.Ameetingwithastronauts.2.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforatourinaOceanviewcabin?A.￡3,229. B.￡2,199. C.￡.6,458 D.￡4,398.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocelebrateahistoricevent.B.Toadvertiseaspecialcruise.CTointroduceatravelagency.D.Toexplainanaturalphenomenon.BDeveza’smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant(腎移植).Devezawantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys—butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealthproblemsashermotherinlaterlife.Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliver(肝)forsomeoneelse’skidney.Acasestudyoftheorganexchangehasnowbeenpublished,andthesurgeonswhowereinvolvedarecallingformoreexchangeslikethis.“Youcanimaginetheenormousimpactformixedorganextendedchains,”saysJohnRoberts,asurgeonatUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Mostorgantransplantscomefrompeoplewhohavedied,butthereareneverenoughorgans.Asmostpeoplecanmanagewithjustoneoftheirkidneys,peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends.Ifsomeonewantstodonatebuttheirimmune(免疫的)systemisunsuited,doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative.WhenDevezawaslookingintosuchchains,shecameacrossresearchdescribingtheideaoftradingakidneywiththeonlyotherorgangenerallytakenfromalivingdonor—theliver.ShesuggestedtheideatomanyhospitalsbeforeshefinallycontactedRoberts,whosawtheidea’spotential.Devezawasassessedtobeingoodenoughhealthtodonatepartofherliver.Itthentook18monthstofindAnnieSimmons,inIdaho,whoseliverwasunsuitabletouseasatransplantforhersisterwithsevereliverdisease.Theydrewupaplan:SimmonswoulddonateakidneytoDeveza’smother,andinreturn,DevezawouldgivehalfherlivertoSimmons’sister.Thehospitalgavethego-aheadandthefouroperationstookplaceonthesamedaysuccessfully.Theteamhopethattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.4.WhatdidDevezadotosavehermother?A.Carryingoutacasestudy.B.Callingforkidneydonations.C.Launchingamedicalexperiment.D.Tradinghalfherliverforakidney.5.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Patients’desperationtosurvive.B.Severalsourcesoforgandonation.C.Currentsituationoforgantransplants.D.Doctors’effortstoimproveorgantransplants.6.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheorganexchangebetweenDevezaandSimmons?A.Itdiscouragedorgandonation.B.Itbroughttwofamiliestogether.C.Itmetwithwidespreadapproval.D.Itproducedadesirableoutcome.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyLiver,YourKidneyB.Mother’sLove,OurHappinessC.OrganTransplant:BlessingforPatientsDOrganExchange:MajorMedicalAdvancesCIt’snosecretnowthatthemoretimewespendonsocialmedia,themorewefeeldissatisfiedwithourselves.Wetendtocompareourselvestoinfluencesandcelebrities-soit’seasytounderstandhowthatcanaffectourconfidence.But,howoftenhaveyoufoundyourselfcomparingyourlifetoyourfriends?Engagingwithsocialmediasharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthanlookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.Thestudylookingathowsocialmediaaffectsbodyimagefoundthatanysocialmediaengagementwassignificantlyassociatedwithlower“appearancesatisfaction”.Additionally,itfoundthatengagingwithcontentpostedbypeopletheparticipantsknewwasmorethantwiceasdamagingaslookingatcontentpostedbystrangers,includingcelebrities.VirenSwami,ProfessorofSocialPsychologyatAngliaRuskinUniversity,believesthisispartlybecauseweknowit’shardtoattainthelivesofcelebritiesorinfluences,butwhenwe’recomparingourselvestoourfriends,itfeelslikeweshould-orcould-livethewaytheydo.“Onepossibleexplanationisthatpeoplemayperceiveapostshowingappearanceasbeingmuchmoreattainableifitcomesfromsomeonetheyknow,addingexpectationorpressureonthepersonengaginginthepost,”hesaid.“Atthesametime,peoplemaybemorecriticallyengagedwithpostsbythelikesofmodelsandcelebrities,andthereforeperceivetheimagestheysharetobemoreunrealistic.“Thisisnotjustconfinedtobodyimagethough.Weallhaveoneareainourlivesthattriggers(觸發(fā))us.Maybeyou’vebeensearchingforanewjobformonthsandyoufindyourselfonsocialmedia,envyingyourschoolfriendwhojustlandedtheirdreamrole.Maybe...Allthisistosaytheobvious:weonlyseepartofpeople’slives-andifit’sgettingyoudown,you’reprobablycomparingyourinsidestootherpeople’soutsides.Everyonehastheirstrugglesandlifeisindeednotperfectforanyone.So,putdownyourphone,getoffline,bethankfulandtrytoliveyourownlife.8.Whatdidthenewstudyfind?A.Socialmediainvitesunfavorablecomments.B.Friends’postsaffectusmorethancelebrities’.C.Celebritieshaveanegativeinfluenceonourlife.D.Bodyimagecausesmoreconcernthansociallife.9WhyarewemorelikelytocomparewithourfriendsaccordingtoSwami?A.Theyserveasrolemodels.B.Weknowthewaytheylive.,C.Theirlifestylesareaccessible.D.Wearecuriousabouttheirlife.10.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph6probablymean?A.Restricted.B.Related.C.Devoted.D.Exposed.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?A.Findyourdreamandfightforit.B.Stopcomparingandbeyourself.C.Begratefulandleadaperfectlife.D.Stopcomplainingandgetdowntowork.DGiventhatthedictionarydefinitionofcuriosityis“thedesiretoknowsomething”,itmaybeoflittlesurprisethatmuchresearchhasconcerneditsbenefitsforeducation.ConsiderastudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisin2014.Theresearchersfirstaskedeachparticipanttoratetheircuriosityaboutlearningtheanswerstoaseriesofquestions,suchas“Whatdoestheterm‘dinosaur’actuallymean?”TheparticipantsthenlayinanfMRIbrainscanner(掃描儀)whilethesamequestionswerepresented,followedshortlyafterbytheanswers.Theparticipantswerethentestedontheirrecollectionofthefactsanhourlater.Theeffectsofcuriosityonlaterrecallwerestriking.Whentheparticipantswerehighlycuriousaboutafact,theywere30%morelikelytorecallit.Andthisseemedtocorrespondtoheightenedactivityinareasofthemidbrainthatreleasedopamine(多巴胺).Dopamineisnormallyassociatedwithreward,butanimalstudiessuggestthatitcanalsoenhancetheformationofnewneural(神經(jīng)的)connections.Itlookedasifthefeelingofcuriositywashelpingpreparethebraintoabsorbthenewandimportantinformation,andthisthenresultedinamorestablememory.Interestingly,theresearchersfoundthatthedopaminehit,arisingfrominitialcuriosity,couldevenenhancethememoryofincidentalinformationthathadnodirectrelevancetotheprimaryquestion.Todemonstratethis,theyhadpresentedrandomfacesalongsidetheanswerstothequestionsand,anhourlater,checkedwhethertheparticipantsstillrecognizedthefaces.Theanalysesshowedthattheparticipantswerefarmorelikelytorememberthefaceifithadaccompaniedaquestionthathadawakenedtheircuriosity.Thisadditional,andunexpected,memoryboostcouldbeextremelyusefulwheneverwe’retryingtolearnsomethingnewandcomplicated.We’reunlikely,afterall,tofindeverysingleelementofourstudiesinteresting.Butifwecandevelopsomecuriosityaboutatleastsomeofthefacts,wemayfindthattherestofthematerialalsosticksfarmoreeasily.12.Whichaspectofcuriositydidthestudyfocuson?A.Itsscientificdefinition.B.Itsuniquecharacteristics.C.Itsinfluencesonmemory.D.Itsbenefitsforbrainhealth.13.Whatwasthepurposeofpresentingquestionstotheparticipantsfirst?A.Toassesstheirlearningability.BToawakentheirpassionforlearning.C.Tomeasuretheircuriosityaboutthequestions.D.Torefreshtheirmemoryofextinctwildanimals.14.WhatcanbelearnedaboutdopamineaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Itblocksmemory.B.Itfacilitateslearning.C.Itpromotesfriendship.D.Itcuresneuraldisorder.15Whichmessageaboutlearningdoestheunexpectedfindingdeliver?A.Generateinterestinstudy.B.Locusonessentialinformation.C.Makelearningmaterialsrelated.D.Attachimportancetomemorization.第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。CampingTips&TricksforaFunTripManypeopleidealizecampingtripsasbeingthiseasy,effortlessencounterwithdestinationsrichwithnaturallandscapesandnightsunderthestarstwinklingintheskyabove.____16____That’swhywe’vepreparedthebestcampingtipsforyou!Planaccordingly,andthenplanagain.Whenyou’reoutinthemiddleofnowhere,youhavetobeequippedtonature’schallenges.____17____Therefore,aplanforunexpectedweatherchangesisessentialtoasuccessfulcampingtrip.Forexample,considerpackingextrasupplierslikeblankets.Whilethatmightseemlikeahugeinconvenience,thebiggestandrealissueoccurswhenyouneedsomethingyoudon’thave.Knowwhatyouneed.____18____Notallbeginnercamperswillneedthetop-of-the-line,latestsupplies.Butyoushouldhaveatleastthebasics!Thatincludesadecenttentwithenoughroomforpeoplecampingwithyou,agoodsleepingbagappropriatefortheseason,andothersupplieslikefoodandwater.You’dbettercreateaconvenientchecklistthatlaysouteverythingthatyoushouldconsider.____19____Whenyou’refarawayfromthemajorconvenienceswerelyuponlikeanurgentcarecenter,policestations,andemergencyrooms,youshouldalwaysrememberthatsafetyisyourfirstpriority!____20____Afirstaidkitisagreatstartingpoint,butit’scertainlynottheendofmaximizingyoursafetyefforts.Dependingonwhereyouplantocamp,you’llwanttograbtheseitemsthatcoveryouinmostemergencysituations:apocketknife,afirestarter,andasafetywhistle.Readytogocamping?Nowyouknowwhattoexpectandhowtoprepareforyournextcampingtrip,soyouactuallyhavefun—rainorshine!A.Alwayschooseasafecampsite.B.Neverleavehomewithoutsafetyinmind.C.Weencourageyoutocreateasafetysupplykit.D.Campingdoesn’thavetobecomplicatedorexpensive.E.Aclear3-dayforecastcaneasilyshiftintoasuddenheavyrain.F.Tomaximizeyourcomfort,alwaysbringappropriateclothesforcoldandrain.G.Butforbeginnercampers,thoseexpectationscanrapidlyturnintoamessofreality.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Growingup,myparentsneverforcedmeandmybrotheroutofourhouseinHounslow,butweweren’t____21____tolivethereforever.Myfamilyalwayshadaspecial____22____forme.Ourparentsencouragedustospendtimetogether:mealswereeatenasafamilyandTVviewingwas____23____.WhenIwenttouniversityat18,Iknewmymessystudentapartmentswere____24____-myrealhomewasbackinHounslowandIwas____25____thatIcouldreturnwheneverIwantedto.WhenIwas19,mymumpassedaway.Inthefollowingmonths,Iwouldcomeback____26____checkinginonmydadand____27____himtogoshoppingandstartcookingpropermeals.Threeyearslater,Iwas____28____andImovedback.AsIlookedforwork,Iwould____29____themealswereeatentogether._____30_____,twosadmenlivinginahousearelessofafamily.Mydadwantedmetogetonandlivemyliferatherthanstaytrappedinoursorrow.Eventually,in2018,Igota_____31_____.Itwastimeformetogain_____32_____,andIpackedupandleft.Nextyearwillbe10yearssincemymumdied.Ourfamilyhomeis_____33_____.Mymum’spictureshavebeenreplacedwithnewphotographs;herclothesandscentaregone.But,Iam_____34_____thatthingshavebecomedifferent.I’verealizedthatthehomemymumcreatedisn’tjusta(n)_____35_____-itissomethingsheinstilled(灌輸)inus.21.A.encouraged B.reminded C.allowed D.persuaded22.A.plan B.pull C.request D.pressure23.A.guaranteed B.shared C.favored D.scheduled24.A.inconvenient B.disturbing C.ordinary D.temporary25.A.concerned B.convinced C.grateful D.hopeful26.A.secretly B.hesitantly C.regularly D.randomly27.A.urging B.instructing C.inviting D.forcing28.A.outoftouch B.outofwork C.indebt D.inpain29.A.pretend B.find C.believe D.ensure30.A.Unusually B.Unbelievably C.Unfortunately D.Unexpectedly31.A.gift B.job C.hobby D.vacation32.A.experience B.comfort C.confidence D.independence33.A.disappearing B.struggling C.enlarging D.changing34.A.shocked B.confused C.glad D.nervous35.A.place B.meal C.dream D.image第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InChongqing,amountainouscityinSouthwestChinafamousforhotpotoftenservedwithbeersorstrongtea,theparticularflavorofcoffeeisgaining____36____(popular)InDaijiaxiang,anoldcommunityinthecity,anewly-openedcoffeestreethasturnedeveryone’sheadsfor____37____(it)uniquedesignstyle.Byusingtheexistingfirstfloorsofseveraloldbuildingsasshopfronts,thenewstreethasbroughtmodernatmospheretotheagedblock____38____transformeditintoadesireddestinationamongsocialmediaenthusiasts____39____(seek)photoopportunitiesandscenicviews.WuLongquan,a30-year-oldshopowner,wasthefirstone____40____(run)acoffeeshophere.“Althoughthecommunitywasquiteold,itslocation,wonderfulriverviewandold-fashionedarchitecturalstyleallmadeit____41____(true)attractive,”Wusaid.Wuadmittedthatthisishisdreamcoffeeshop,____42____notonlyserveshigh-qualitycoffeebutisalsoanexpression____43____hispersonality.Hebelievesthateachgenerationhasitsownattitudeaboutcoffee.Inthepast,coffee____44____(consider)asonlyapromisingbusiness,butforhisgeneration,itispartoflifestylefirst,andabusinesssecond.Since2019,Wu____45____(open)fivecoffeeshopsandonebakerybusinessthatproducesfoodtogowithhiscoffee.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.你校上周六組織高三學(xué)生參觀了新北機(jī)器人制造公司(XinbeiRobots)。請你寫一篇觀后感,給校英文報(bào)投稿,內(nèi)容包括：1.參觀過程：2.你的收獲和感想。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AVisittoXinbeiRobots________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iranafterthetrain,shouting,“Heymister,can’tyouseeme?”Itwashopeless,asnoconductorisgoingtoslowdownfora60-year-oldmanwhogottothestationseveralminuteslate.Theyabsolutelydidn’tknowhowimportantthatday,thattrainridewastome!Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofalifetime.Ithrewbothmyhatandmyartcasedownindepression,andsatdownonthenearestchair,wiping(擦掉)thesweatfrommyfaceandbreathingheavily.Iwouldhavetowaitawholedayforthenexttrain,andbythenmyappointmentwiththegalleryownerwouldhavegivenuponme.Perhapsitwasforthebest.Itwas,afterall,thefirsttimein40yearsanyonehadshownsuchaninterestinmyart.Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenallmypaintings,hewouldhavechangedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.Disappointmentfilledmysoul.ShouldIdialthegalleryandgetaninterviewonadifferentday?ButPierreGianniwastheownerofthemostwell-knowngalleryinNewYorkCity.Whywouldhegiveararesecondchancetoanelderlynobodywhenhehadthenewest,coolestyoungartiststochoosefrom?Cometothinkofit,perhapstheseinsecuritiesweretheveryreasonIhadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.Iwastooafraidtotry.Ifoundcountlessexcusesnottooffermyworkuptobeseenandperhapscriticized.ItoldmyselfitwouldhurttoomuchifIfailed,butthetruthwasthatIhadnevertried.Finally,Igatheredallmycouragetodialthegallery,onlytofindmyantiquecellphonehadbrokendown.ItwasattheverymomentthatIwasintotaldespairanddecidedtogohome.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。SuddenlyIfeltatouchonmyshoulder.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThenextmorningIgottothegalleryontime.2022～2023學(xué)年佛山市普通高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(一)英語2022.12本試卷共8頁滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。因不考聽力,試卷從第二部分的“閱讀”開始,試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATotalSolarEclipse2023AustraliaOneofnature’smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蝕)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.TherehavebeenonlyfivetotalsolareclipsesinAustraliaoverthepastcenturyandthisisthefirsthybrideclipseinmorethan1000years.Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.Youwillhavethebestpossibleviewoftheeventaswellasenjoyinglecturesandstargazingonlandandatsea.Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.Plus,therewillbeadditionaltalksfromtheAstronomicalSocietyofAustralia.Clickherefordetailedarrangementsofthetour.SingleoccupancyPerguestbasedontwopeoplesharingInteriorcabin￡2,429￡1,699Oceanviewcabin￡3,229￡2,199Ifyouwishtoaddathirdadultorchildtoyourroom,pleaseaskforaquote.Alongsidethecruise,youcanalsoexploresomeofAustralia’sbestscientificandnaturalphenomenawithaseriesoftailoredadd-ontourscoveringastronomyontheeastcoastandvisitstoUluru,Sydney,theGreatBarrierReefandmuchmore.Onthelastdayofthetour,wecansendyoubacktotheairportforyourreturnjourneyhome,oryoucanjoinoneofouradd-ontours.Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.1.Whatmakesthecruisedifferentfromothers?A.Aspecialist’sguidance.B.Atalkwithastronomers.C.AchanceforstargazingD.Ameetingwithastronauts.2.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforatourinaOceanviewcabin?A.￡3,229. B.￡2,199. C.￡.6,458 D.￡4,398.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocelebrateahistoricevent.B.Toadvertiseaspecialcruise.C.Tointroduceatravelagency.D.Toexplainanaturalphenomenon.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是為可以參加澳大利亞西部邊緣發(fā)生的日全食的海上巡航做廣告。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.(與其他游輪不同的是，我們有著名的天文學(xué)家阿比蓋爾·比爾陪同您。)”可知，專家的指導(dǎo)讓這個(gè)游輪與眾不同。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格Oceanviewcabin后的“Perguestbasedontwopeoplesharing￡2,199(按兩人分?jǐn)偯课豢腿?199英鎊計(jì)算)”可知，夫婦兩人要2199乘以2=4398英鎊。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneofnature'smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蝕)－willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.(自然界最引人注目的事件之一——日全食——將于2023年4月20日在澳大利亞西部邊緣發(fā)生，我們?yōu)槟氵x擇了享受這一事件的完美方式:在海上巡航。)”可知，本文的目的是為一次特別巡游做廣告。故選B。BDeveza’smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant(腎移植).Devezawantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys—butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealthproblemsashermotherinlaterlife.Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliver(肝)forsomeoneelse’skidney.Acasestudyoftheorganexchangehasnowbeenpublished,andthesurgeonswhowereinvolvedarecallingformoreexchangeslikethis.“Youcanimaginetheenormousimpactformixedorganextendedchains,”saysJohnRoberts,asurgeonatUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Mostorgantransplantscomefrompeoplewhohavedied,butthereareneverenoughorgans.Asmostpeoplecanmanagewithjustoneoftheirkidneys,peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends.Ifsomeonewantstodonatebuttheirimmune(免疫的)systemisunsuited,doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative.WhenDevezawaslookingintosuchchains,shecameacrossresearchdescribingtheideaoftradingakidneywiththeonlyotherorgangenerallytakenfromalivingdonor—theliver.ShesuggestedtheideatomanyhospitalsbeforeshefinallycontactedRoberts,whosawtheidea’spotential.Devezawasassessedtobeingoodenoughhealthtodonatepartofherliver.Itthentook18monthstofindAnnieSimmons,inIdaho,whoseliverwasunsuitabletouseasatransplantforhersisterwithsevereliverdisease.Theydrewupaplan:SimmonswoulddonateakidneytoDeveza’smother,andinreturn,DevezawouldgivehalfherlivertoSimmons’sister.Thehospitalgavethego-aheadandthefouroperationstookplaceonthesamedaysuccessfully.Theteamhopethattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.4.WhatdidDevezadotosavehermother?A.Carryingoutacasestudy.B.Callingforkidneydonations.C.Launchingamedicalexperiment.D.Tradinghalfherliverforakidney.5.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Patients’desperationtosurvive.B.Severalsourcesoforgandonation.C.Currentsituationoforgantransplants.D.Doctors’effortstoimproveorgantransplants.6.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheorganexchangebetweenDevezaandSimmons?A.Itdiscouragedorgandonation.B.Itbroughttwofamiliestogether.C.Itmetwithwidespreadapproval.D.Itproducedadesirableoutcome.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyLiver,YourKidneyB.Mother’sLove,OurHappinessC.OrganTransplant:BlessingforPatientsD.OrganExchange:MajorMedicalAdvances【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了Deveza用自己的一半肝臟交換別人的腎臟給自己的媽媽，并取得了成功。這一成功的案例具有積極的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliverforsomeoneelse’skidney.(Deveza提出了一個(gè)不同的計(jì)劃。2017年，她開始了世界上第一次活體捐贈(zèng)者之間的不同器官配對交換，用自己的一半肝臟交換別人的腎臟。)”可知，Deveza為了幫助媽媽移植合適的腎臟，用自己的一半肝臟作為交換。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通過閱讀，結(jié)合第三段的關(guān)鍵句“…thereareneverenoughorgans.(但器官永遠(yuǎn)都不夠用)”，“peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends(腎衰竭患者越來越多地接受親友捐贈(zèng)的器官)”和“doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative(醫(yī)生可能會(huì)找到成對的潛在捐贈(zèng)者，他們各自可以將一個(gè)腎臟捐給對方的親屬)”可知，該段主要講述了器官移植的現(xiàn)狀。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容“Theteamhopethattheground-breakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.(研究小組希望這個(gè)開創(chuàng)性的案例能激勵(lì)更多的人考慮做同樣的事情。羅伯茨說，涉及兩名捐贈(zèng)者的直接交換每年可增加多達(dá)30例活體肝臟移植——增加10%。)”可知，他們兩個(gè)的“器官互換”的成功可以對其他人產(chǎn)生激勵(lì)作用，從而使直接交換器官的案例增加。由此可推知，這產(chǎn)生了令人滿意的結(jié)果。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章可知，文章第二段內(nèi)容“In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliverforsomeoneelse’skidney.(2017年，她開始了世界上第一次活體捐贈(zèng)者之間的不同器官配對交換，用自己的一半肝臟交換別人的腎臟。)”為核心話題，即，文章主要講述了Deveza用自己的一半肝臟交換別人的腎臟給自己的媽媽，并取得了成功，后文則以此為延申講述了其可能產(chǎn)生的積極影響。因此，選項(xiàng)A“MyLiver,YourKidney(我的肝，你的腎)”不僅貼合主旨，且作為標(biāo)題更具有吸引力。故選A項(xiàng)。CIt’snosecretnowthatthe