Virginia-Woolf(弗吉尼亞·伍爾芙)

VirginiaWoolf

AdelineVirginiaWoolf(bornStephen;January25，1882–March28，1941)wasanEnglishnovelist,essayist,regardedasoneoftheforemostmodernistliteraryfiguresofthetwentiethcentury.HermostfamousworksincludethenovelsMrs.Dalloway(1925),TotheLighthouse(1927)andOrlando(1928),andthebook-lengthessayARoomofOne’sOwn(1929).BiographyVirginiaWoolfwasborninLondonin1882.Herparentshadeachbeenmarriedpreviously.andShewaseducatedbyherparentsinthehousehold.Thesuddendeathofhermotherin1895,andthatofherhalf-sisterStellatwoyearslater,ledtothefirstofVirginia'sseveralnervousbreakdowns.Herbreakdownsandsubsequentrecurringdepressiveperiods,werealsoinfluencedbythesexualabusesheandVanessaweresubjectedtobytheirhalf-brothers.Thedeathofherfatherin1904provoked〔惹起〕hermostalarmingcollapse〔崩潰〕andshewasbrieflyinstitutionalized.Afterthat,VirginiaandVanessamovedtoBloomsbury.Withherfriends,sheformedthenucleus(核心)oftheintellectual〔知識分子〕circleknownastheBloomsburyGroup.VirginiaStephenmarriedLeonardWoolfin1912.In1922,VirginiametthewriterandgardenerVitaSackville-West.Afteratentative〔嘗試性的〕start,theybeganasexualrelationshipthatlastedthroughmostofthe1920s.SuicideAftercompletingthemanuscript(手稿)ofherlast(posthumously在死后published)novel,BetweentheActs,Woolffellvictimtoadepressionsimilartothatwhichshehadearlierexperienced.OnMarch28，1941,Woolfcommittedsuicide.Sheputonherovercoat,filleditspocketswithstones,thenwalkedintotheRiverOusenearherhomeanddrownedherself.Woolf’sskeletonised(成骨架的)bodywasnotfounduntilApril18.Herhusbandburiedhercremated〔被火葬的〕remainsunderatreeinthegardenofMonk’shouse,theirhomeinRodmell,Sussex.RiverOuseWorkMrs.Dalloway(1925)centresontheeffortsofClarissaDalloway,amiddle-agedsocietywoman,toorganizeaparty,evenasherlifeisparalleledwith〔與…平行〕thatofSeptimusWarrenSmith,aworking-classveteranwhohasreturnedfromtheFirstWorldWarbearingdeeppsychologicalscars.Tothelighthouse(1927)issetontwodaystenyearsapart.TheplotcentersaroundtheRamsayfamily'santicipationofandreflectionuponavisittoalighthouseandtheconnectedfamilialtensions.Orlando(1928)hasadifferentqualityfromallVirginiaWoolf'sothernovelssuggestedbyitssubtitle,"ABiography",asitattemptstorepresentthecharacterofarealpersonandisdedicatedtoVitaSackville-West.BetweentheArts(1941)sumsupandmagnifiesWoolf'schiefpreoccupations:thetransformationoflifethroughart,sexualambivalence,andmeditationonthethemesoffluxoftimeandlife.出航〔TheVoyageOut，1915年〕夜與日〔NightandDay，1919年〕雅各的房間〔Jacob'sRoom，1920年〕達洛維夫人〔Mrs.Dalloway，1925年〕燈塔行〔TotheLighthouse，1927年〕奧蘭多〔Orlando:aBiography，1928年海浪〔TheWaves，1931年〕歲月〔TheYears，1937年〕幕間〔BetweentheActs，1941年〕鬼屋及其他〔TheHauntedHouseandOthers，短篇小說集MrsDalloway

(publishedon14May1925)isanovelbyVirginiaWoolfthatdetailsadayinthelifeofClarissaDalloway,afictionalhigh-societywomaninpost-WorldWarIEngland.ItisoneofWoolf'sbest-knownnovels.Createdfromtwoshortstories,"Mrs.DallowayinBondStreet"andtheunfinished"ThePrimeMinister,"thenoveladdressesClarissa'spreparationsforapartyshewillhostthatevening.Withaninteriorperspective,thestorytravelsforwardsandbackintimeandinandoutofthecharacters'mindstoconstructanima