高中英語(yǔ)譯林版必修5Unit3Section5

Ⅰ.Read“Manandnature”andchoosethebestanswers.1．Thepassagemainlyreferstothefactthat________.A．manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingitB．manypoornationsmustfocusonmeetingtheeverydayneedsoftheirpeopleC．humansarenotreallyprofitingwhentheydamagetheenvironmentD．humanscanonlyenjoyhealthyandproductivelivesbyprotectingnature2．“Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople”means________.A．weprefertosufferratherthanusenaturetomeetourownneedsB．benefitingfromnaturemayspelldisasterC．ifwefocusonlyonenvironmentconservation,peoplemaysufferD．a(chǎn)cleanenvironmentbenefitspeople3．Theauthorthinks________.A．technologyandmankindaredestroyingnatureB．itwaspeople'scarelessnessthataffectednatureC．peoplemustdefeatnaturetoenjoygoodlivesD．poornationshavetodestroynaturetosurvive4．Fromthepassagewelearn________.A．overdevelopingtheEarth'sresourceseventuallywilldestroytheplanetweliveonB．developednationsarenowonlyconcernedaboutsavingnatureC．therelationwithnatureishumanswinningandnaturelosingD．wehavetostopdevelopmentinfavourofnature答案：1～4DCBAⅡ.Read“GMfood:hopeordanger？”anddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．Nowpeoplecaninsertnewmaterialintoananimal'sDNAtogivetheanimal,qualitieswhichitwouldneverhaveinnature.(T)2．OneaimofGMresearchistoproducemorefoodwhichisgiventopoorpeople.(F)3．GMfoodisbeingsoldatpresent.(F)4．MostpeoplethinkGMfoodissafetoeat.(F)5．NooneknowswhetherGMplantsaresafefortheenvironment.(T)Ⅲ.Fillintheblankswithnomorethanthreewordsaccordingtothetext“Manandnature”.ReasonsfortheenvironmentbeingharmedMan's(1)carelesstreatmentoftheenvironment?Throughagriculture,fishing,huntingandtourism?Bybuildingnewchannelsintheseaandfactoriesontheland?Bycreatingpollutionwithchemicalwaste(2)Views/Opinionsondevelopmentandconservation?Accordingtotheauthor,ifwecontinueignoringtheenvironmentalprotection,theEarthwill(3)end_upbeingdestroyed,yetifconservationisonlythefocusofattention,(4)chancesarethatpeoplewillsuffer.?Somethinkusingnaturetomeetwhattheyneedisaroutine,whileothersarguesuchthinkingmayleadtoacatastrophe.Attitudestowardsenvironmentalprotection?Havingrealizedthey'vebeendestroyingnatureandusingupnaturalresourcesintherecentdecades,manydevelopedcountriesnowshow(5)concernaboutsavingnature.?Manydevelopingcountries(6)failtorealizetheyaretoblamefordamagingtheenvironmentthoughtheyarerunningoutofthenaturalresourcesfast.(7)Conclusion/Summary?Onlyifhumansaredevotedtoprotectingnaturecanthey(8)truly/reallywin.?It'snecessaryforthedevelopedanddevelopingcountriesto(9)bine_their_effortstoimprovepeople'slives.?Manshouldtaketheresponsibilitytofindanswers(10)benefitingeveryoneandeverything.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．Shipsmustfollowthechannel(航道)intotheport.2．Amothermustn'tfavour(偏愛(ài))oneofherchildrenmorethantheothers.3．Peopleonfixedines(收入)arehurtbypriceincreases.4．Insert(插入)ourfingersbetweenthelayersandpressthemapart.5．Hemadeaprofit(收益)offiftythousandUSdollars.6．First,theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaandpests(害蟲(chóng))aswellastheharmfulones.7．Thegovernmentfearedthestrikemightproduceachain(一連串)ofreactioninotherindustries.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯8．a(chǎn)griculturen．農(nóng)業(yè)→agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)的9．frightenvt.使驚嚇，使驚恐→frightenedadj.引起恐懼的；使驚恐的；駭人的10．permitv．允許，準(zhǔn)許→permissionn．準(zhǔn)許，許可，批準(zhǔn)Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)1．infavourof贊同，支持2．pointofview觀點(diǎn)3．ratherthan而不是4．meetone'sneeds滿(mǎn)足某人的需求5．a(chǎn)tafastpace以很快的速度6．beblamedfor因……而受責(zé)備7．begoodfor對(duì)……有益8．defend...against...保護(hù)……免受……1．[教材原句]Afterdecadesofdestroyingnatureandusingupnaturalresources,manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.在數(shù)十年破壞自然、過(guò)度消耗自然資源之后，許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家現(xiàn)在更關(guān)注保護(hù)自然而不是開(kāi)發(fā)或破壞自然。[句型點(diǎn)撥]ratherthan意為“而不是”，后可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)等。[佳句賞析]ItwasRussiaratherthanEnglandthatwonthebidforthe2018WorldCup.是俄羅斯而不是英國(guó)贏得了2018年世界杯的主辦權(quán)。2．[教材原句]Thedevelopedanddevelopingcountriesoftheworldneedtoworktogethertomakesurethatpeopleenjoyhealthyandhappylives,withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.全世界的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家需要攜起手來(lái)共同努力，以使人們能享有健康、幸福的生活，同時(shí)又不損害其周邊的環(huán)境。[句型點(diǎn)撥]句中withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的變式。[佳句賞析]Thegirlhidherboxwithoutanyoneknowingwhereitwas.這個(gè)女孩把她的盒子藏起來(lái)了，沒(méi)有人知道它在哪里。3．[教材原句]Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。[句型點(diǎn)撥]句中nowhere...truer...是否定意義的詞加比較級(jí)形式，表示最高級(jí)含義。[佳句賞析]Ihaveneverseenabetterpresentthanthisone.我從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)比這更好的禮物。eq\a\vs4\al([課文對(duì)譯])ManandnatureForalongtime,ourenvironmenthasbeendamagedbecausehumanshavebeencareless.Peoplehaveharmednaturethroughagriculture,fishing,huntingandtourism.WefurtherdamagetheEarthbybuildingnewchannelsintheseaandfactoriesontheland,andbycreatingpollutionwithchemicalwaste.Wewillsomedaydestroytheplanetweliveonifwecontinueinthisway.However,ifwefocusonlyonconservation,thenpeoplemaysuffer.Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?Fromthepointofviewofsomepeople,weareonlydoingwhathumanshavealwaysdone,usingnaturetomeetourownneeds.Otherpeoplearguethatsuchthinkingmaycauseacatastrophe,unlesswestarttolookaroundandunderstandhowacleanenvironmentbenefitsusall.Afterdecadesofdestroyingnatureandusingupnaturalresources,manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.However,manypoorernationsmustfocusonmeetingtheeverydayneedsoftheirpeople.Indoingso,theyareusingupnaturalresourcesatafastpace.Theyhavenotyetseentheeffectsofthecarelessuseoftheenvironmentlikemanywealthynationshave.Oftentheydonotrealizethatthechoicestheymakearebadfortheenvironment.Shouldtheybeblamedfordestroyinghundredsofthousandsofacresofrainforestifitmeansabetterinefortheirpeople?Thedevelopedanddevelopingcountriesoftheworldneedtoworktogethertomakesurethatpeopleenjoyhealthyandhappylives,withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.Itshouldnotbeaquestionofhumanswinningandnaturelosing.Humanscanonlyreallywinbyprotectingnature.Afterall,foodhastobeproducedinahealthy,naturalsystem,andweallneedcleanairtobreatheandpurewatertodrink.Itismankind'sresponsibilitytofindanswersthataregoodforeveryone,andeverything.,人與自然長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，由于人類(lèi)的漫不經(jīng)心，我們的環(huán)境已遭到破壞。人們通過(guò)農(nóng)業(yè)、捕撈、狩獵和旅游業(yè)破壞了自然界。由于在海中不斷建造隧道和在陸上建設(shè)工廠以及制造化學(xué)廢物污染，我們更進(jìn)一步破壞著地球。如果以這種方式持續(xù)下去，總有一天我們會(huì)毀掉我們賴(lài)以生存的這個(gè)星球。然而，如果我們只關(guān)注環(huán)境保護(hù)，那人類(lèi)就要吃苦頭了。并非所有對(duì)自然來(lái)說(shuō)是最好的就意味著對(duì)人類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)也是好的。難道我們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo(hù)自然就應(yīng)該停止經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展嗎？根據(jù)有些人的觀點(diǎn)，我們只是在做人類(lèi)一直在做的事情——利用自然來(lái)滿(mǎn)足我們的需求。其他人則爭(zhēng)辯說(shuō)，這樣的思維也許會(huì)造成災(zāi)難，除非我們現(xiàn)在就開(kāi)始審視我們的周?chē)⒍靡粋€(gè)清潔的環(huán)境對(duì)我們大家有多大的益處。在數(shù)十年破壞自然、過(guò)度消耗地球自然資源后，許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家現(xiàn)在關(guān)注的是如何保護(hù)自然，而不是如何開(kāi)發(fā)或者說(shuō)是破壞自然。然而，許多貧窮國(guó)家還必須致力于人們的日常生活需求。在此過(guò)程中，他們正在以飛快的速度消耗著自然資源。他們還沒(méi)有像許多富裕國(guó)家那樣，認(rèn)識(shí)到隨心所欲消耗自然資源的后果。他們往往意識(shí)不到自己所做的選擇對(duì)環(huán)境是有害的。如果破壞成千上萬(wàn)畝的雨林意味著給自己的人民帶來(lái)更好的生活，他們還應(yīng)該受到譴責(zé)嗎？全世界的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家需要攜手合作，確保自己的人民能夠享受健康、幸福的生活，同時(shí)又不損害其周邊的環(huán)境。這不應(yīng)該是人類(lèi)獲勝、自然失敗的問(wèn)題。要真正獲勝，人類(lèi)只能保護(hù)自然。畢竟，食物必須在健康、自然的系統(tǒng)中產(chǎn)生，而且我們都需要呼吸清潔的空氣、飲用純凈的水源。找出對(duì)任何人和事物都有利的解決方案是人類(lèi)的責(zé)任。GMfood:hopeordanger?Inrecentyears,therehasbeengreatprogressinthestudyofgenetics.Withthisprogress,doorshavebeenopeneduptotechnologiesthatneverexistedbefore.Whilemanypeopleareexcitedaboutthesenewtechnologies,thesesametechnologiesfrightenothers.Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.Therearetwowaysinwhichaplantorananimalcanbegeneticallymodified.First,newmaterialcanbeinsertedintoitsDNAtogivetheplantoranimalqualitieswhichitwouldneverhaveinnature.Second,materialcanbetakenfromtheDNAofaplantorananimalinordertoremovequalitieswhicharenotdesired.OneaimofGMresearchistoproducefoodwhichwillmakeushealthier.Sofar,thistechnologyhasbeenusedtoproduceplantswhicharebetterabletodefendthemselvesagainstpestsanddisease.SupportersofGMfoodarguethatGMplantsarehealthierandhavelargerharvests.WhiletherehasbeenresearchinGManimalssuchaspigs,noGMmeatisbeingsoldatpresent.ManyquestionshavebeenraisedaboutGMfood.Noonereallyknowswhetheritissafeforanimalsorhumanstoeat.ScientistsadmitthatmoretestsshouldbedoneonGMfood.Researchhasbeenlimitedtoincreasingproductionprofits,ratherthanmakingsurethatGMfoodsaresafe.GMfoodcouldthereforebedangeroustoeat.ThereisalsoaquestionastowhetherGMplantsaresafefortheenvironment.SinceGMcropsareplantedoutside,theyarepartofthefoodchain—insectsandotheranimalseatthemorusetheirproducts,andtheseinsectsandanimalswillbeeatenbyyetotheranimals.NooneknowswhateffectstheGMmaterialmighthaveonthefoodchain.SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe,manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods,astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.,轉(zhuǎn)基因食品：希望還是危險(xiǎn)？近年來(lái)，基因?qū)W領(lǐng)域的研究已取得了很大進(jìn)展。有了這種進(jìn)步，通向基因領(lǐng)域技術(shù)的大門(mén)已經(jīng)敞開(kāi)了，這在以前是從來(lái)沒(méi)發(fā)生的事。盡管許多人對(duì)這些新技術(shù)感到興奮，而其他人則對(duì)這些同樣的技術(shù)感到害怕。轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。一種植物或動(dòng)物可以有兩種方法進(jìn)行基因轉(zhuǎn)變。第一種是，新物質(zhì)能被插入到它的DNA中，以便給予植物或動(dòng)物體內(nèi)本身從來(lái)沒(méi)有的特性。第二種是，物質(zhì)能被從一種植物或動(dòng)物的DNA中提取出來(lái)，以便去除它們體內(nèi)所不需要的特性。轉(zhuǎn)基因研究的目標(biāo)之一是生產(chǎn)出使我們?nèi)祟?lèi)更健康的食物。到目前為止，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)已被運(yùn)用到植物身上，可以生產(chǎn)出能更有效地抵抗害蟲(chóng)和疾病的植物。轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的支持者聲稱(chēng)轉(zhuǎn)基因植物更健康、產(chǎn)量更高。盡管現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有了對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)基因動(dòng)物例如豬的研究，但目前還沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)基因肉的銷(xiāo)售。人們提出了許多關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的問(wèn)題。沒(méi)有人真正了解吃這種食品對(duì)于動(dòng)物或人類(lèi)是否安全?？茖W(xué)家承認(rèn)對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)基因食品應(yīng)該做更多的試驗(yàn)。目前的研究只局限于增加生產(chǎn)利潤(rùn)，而不是確保轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的安全。因此吃轉(zhuǎn)基因食品有可能是危險(xiǎn)的。轉(zhuǎn)基因植物對(duì)環(huán)境來(lái)說(shuō)是否安全這也是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。由于轉(zhuǎn)基因作物種植在戶(hù)外，因此它們是食物鏈的一部分——昆蟲(chóng)和其他動(dòng)物吃這些作物或食用它們的果實(shí)，并且這些昆蟲(chóng)和動(dòng)物又會(huì)被其他動(dòng)物所食。沒(méi)有人知道轉(zhuǎn)基因物質(zhì)可能會(huì)對(duì)食物鏈產(chǎn)生什么樣的影響。由于沒(méi)有人真正了解轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否安全，許多國(guó)家對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的生產(chǎn)都猶豫不決，他們寧愿對(duì)此項(xiàng)新技術(shù)保持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。1．(教材P58)Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?我們能說(shuō)為了保護(hù)自然就應(yīng)該停止發(fā)展嗎？infavourof贊同，支持；有利于inone'sfavour贊成，支持；偏愛(ài)；對(duì)……有利dosb.afavour/doafavourforsb.幫某人一個(gè)忙askafavourofsb.讓某人幫忙①Onthewhole,Iaminfavouroftheproposal.總的說(shuō)來(lái)，我贊成這個(gè)提議。②Herefusedajobinapanyinfavourofauniversityappointment.他拒絕了一家公司的工作，而接受了一所大學(xué)的聘請(qǐng)。③Pleasedomeafavourandgototheshopforme.請(qǐng)你幫我一個(gè)忙，替我去商店一趟。④Thedecisionwentin_his_favour,_whichdelightedhim.這一決定對(duì)他有利，這使他很高興。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]infavourof是由“in＋名詞＋of”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，類(lèi)似的常用短語(yǔ)還有：①inchargeof管理，負(fù)責(zé)②inneedof需要③inhonorof紀(jì)念④incontrolof控制⑤inpraiseof表?yè)P(yáng)，贊賞⑥inplaceof代替，取代2．(教材P58)Fromthepointofviewofsomepeople,weareonlydoingwhathumanshavealwaysdone,usingnaturetomeetourownneeds.根據(jù)有些人的觀點(diǎn)，我們只是在做人類(lèi)一直在做的事情——利用自然來(lái)滿(mǎn)足我們的需求。pointofview觀點(diǎn)，態(tài)度，看法(1)tothepoint中肯，切中主題tothepointof...達(dá)到……的程度onthepointof正要……(2)inone'sview在某人看來(lái)inviewof鑒于……，考慮到……eintoview進(jìn)入視野inview可以看到；在考慮之中①Youmusttrytounderstandotherpeople'spointsofview.你必須設(shè)法了解別人的看法。②Hermannerofspeakingisdirecttothepointofrudeness.她說(shuō)話(huà)的態(tài)度簡(jiǎn)直到了粗魯?shù)某潭取＂跧wason_the_point_ofgoingoutwhenthetelephonerang.我剛要出去，這時(shí)鈴響了。④Whenwereachedthetopofthemountain,awideplaincame_into_view.我們登上山頂，遼闊的平原盡收眼底。3．(教材P59)Whilemanypeopleareexcitedaboutthesenewtechnologies,thesesametechnologiesfrightenothers.盡管有些人對(duì)這些新技術(shù)興奮不已，而同樣的新技術(shù)卻讓另外一些人害怕。frightenvt.使驚嚇，使驚恐；嚇唬(1)frighteno/outofdoingsth.恐嚇某人做/不做某事frightensb.todeath把某人嚇得半死frightenaway/off嚇跑(2)befrightenedatsth.因……而害怕befrightenedof(doing)sth.害怕(做)某事①I(mǎi)willneverbefrightenedintostayingsilentonthismatter.在這種事情上，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)因怕驚嚇而保持沉默。②I'm_frightened_ofwalkinghomealoneinthedark.我害怕在黑夜單獨(dú)走路回家。③Hethreatenedtheintruderswithagunandfrightened_them_off.他用槍威脅闖入者，把他們嚇跑了。[Wordfamily][語(yǔ)境串記](méi)Seeingthefrighteningscene,thegirlwassofrightenedthatshecriedwithfright.看到這可怕的一幕，女孩非常害怕，以至于嚇哭了。4．(教材P59)Researchhasbeenlimitedtoincreasingproductionprofits,ratherthanmakingsurethatGMfoodsaresafe.研究?jī)H局限于增加產(chǎn)品收益，而不是確保轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的安全。profit(1)n.利潤(rùn)，收益eq\x(makeaprofit獲利)①There'snoprofitinrunningacinemainthistown.在這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)電影院無(wú)利可圖。②Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubshavebeenrunasbusinesstomakeaprofit.近年來(lái)，很多足球俱樂(lè)部都進(jìn)行商業(yè)運(yùn)作，以謀求利潤(rùn)。(2)vi.&vt.獲益，受益；對(duì)……有用eq\x(profitfrom/by...從……中獲利/受益)③Ihopetoprofitfrom/byyourments.我希望從你的評(píng)語(yǔ)中受益。5．(教材P59)SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe,manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods,astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.由于沒(méi)有人確切地知道轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否安全，許多國(guó)家在是否允許生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品問(wèn)題上猶豫不決，他們寧愿對(duì)這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。permissionn．準(zhǔn)許，許可，批準(zhǔn)；允許，允諾(1)askpermission(fromsb.)請(qǐng)求(某人)允許givesb.permission允許withoutpermission未經(jīng)允許(2)permitvt.允許，準(zhǔn)許n.[C]許可證permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permitdoingsth.允許做某事①Youmustaskpermissionforallmajorexpenditure.一切重大開(kāi)支均須報(bào)請(qǐng)批準(zhǔn)。②Hehasgivenmepermissiontoseeadoctor.他已允許我去看醫(yī)生了。③Youwerewrongtotakethecarwithoutpermission(permit)．你未經(jīng)許可就把汽車(chē)開(kāi)走是不對(duì)的。④Theywerenotpermittedto_contact(contact)witheachotherfromthenon.從那以后，不允許他們彼此聯(lián)系。6．Afterdecadesofdestroyingnatureandusingupnaturalresources,manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.在數(shù)十年破壞自然、過(guò)度消耗自然資源之后，許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家現(xiàn)在更關(guān)注保護(hù)自然而不是開(kāi)發(fā)或破壞自然。(1)ratherthan意為“而不是，而沒(méi)有”，后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)等。①Heisanartistratherthanapolitician.他是一位藝術(shù)家而不是政治家。②Mymotherlikestokeepthingsathomerather_than_throw_them_away.我的媽媽喜歡把東西存在家里而不是隨手扔掉。③We'dliketoreadbooksontheplaygroundratherthanintheclassroom.我們?cè)敢庠诓賵?chǎng)上看書(shū)而不愿在教室里看書(shū)。(2)其他相關(guān)句型：eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...,prefertodo...ratherthando...))eq\a\vs4\al(寧愿做……而不,愿做……)otherthan除了……orrather更確切地說(shuō)④Hewouldratherbeginthestreetsthangetmoneyinsuchadishonestway.他寧愿在街上乞討，也不愿以這種不正當(dāng)手段賺錢(qián)。⑤Therewasnothingwecoulddoother_thanwait.除了等待以外，我們沒(méi)有其他辦法。⑥Heplayedtheputergametilllatelastnight,orrather,earlythismorning.昨晚他玩電腦游戲到深夜，或者更確切地說(shuō)，到今天凌晨。7．Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。句中nowhere...truer...是比較級(jí)形式，表示最高級(jí)的意義。非最高級(jí)形式表示最高級(jí)意義的常見(jiàn)方法有：(1)否定詞＋比較級(jí)(＋than)①I(mǎi)haveneverspentamoreworryingday.我從沒(méi)有過(guò)過(guò)比這一天更心煩的日子。(2)比較級(jí)＋than＋anyother＋名詞(單數(shù))/alltheother＋名詞(復(fù)數(shù))/anyoftheother＋名詞(復(fù)數(shù))/anyoneelse②Heisworkingharderthananyotherstudent/alltheotherstudentsinthisclass.他比班上其他任何學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)都要努力。(3)never＋such＋a(n)＋形容詞＋n./so＋形容詞＋a(n)＋n.③Ihaveneverseensuch_a_glorious/so_glorious_a_sunrise.我從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣壯觀的日出。(1)本句是倒裝句。由于副詞nowhere是否定詞，而且被放到句首，因此構(gòu)成部分倒裝。④NowherecouldIseehim，whichworriedme.我到處都見(jiàn)不到他，這使我很擔(dān)心。⑤Nowhereelseintheworlddo_men_do_housework,_whilewomenworkoutside.世界上沒(méi)有任何別的地方是男人操持家務(wù)，女人在外工作。(2)否定詞或短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)構(gòu)成部分倒裝，常見(jiàn)的否定詞或短語(yǔ)還有：not,no,never,seldom,hardly,little,few,notuntil,notonly,nosooner...than,bynomeans,undernocircumstance,innocase等。⑥SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson.我一生中很少遇見(jiàn)這樣意志堅(jiān)定的人。⑦Nosoonerhadwereachedthestationthanthetrainleft.我們剛到車(chē)站，火車(chē)就開(kāi)走了。⑧Undernocircumstancewill_we_give_intodifficulties.任何情況下都不要向困難屈服。⑨Notuntiltherainstoppeddid_he_leave_his_pany.直到雨停了他才離開(kāi)公司。Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Thereisverylittle______insellingnewspapersatpresent.A．a(chǎn)dvantageB．mistakeC．drawbackD．profit解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在賣(mài)報(bào)紙利潤(rùn)很少。Thereislittleadvantageindoingsth.“做某事不利”；Thereislittleprofitindoingsth.“做某事利潤(rùn)少”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選D。答案：D2．puteristhegreatestinvention________.A．withmypointofviewB．frommypointofviewC．tomypointofviewD．a(chǎn)tmypointofview解析：fromone'spointofview“依某人看來(lái)，在某人看來(lái)”，是固定短語(yǔ)。答案：B3．What'syourattitudetowardsthenewproject?Areyou________it,orjustdon'tcare?A．infavourofB．inmemoryofC．inhonorofD．insearchof解析：根據(jù)上文的信息“你對(duì)這項(xiàng)新項(xiàng)目是什么態(tài)度”和下文“或者只是不在乎”可知此處是詢(xún)問(wèn)是否支持，因此選用infavourof。答案：A4．—MayIhaveyour________toleavealittleearlier?—Ofcourse,butyoushouldebacktomorrowby8o'clock.A．permissionB．conclusionC．encouragementD．suggestion解析：句意：“你能允許我早點(diǎn)兒離開(kāi)嗎？”“當(dāng)然可以，但你明天八點(diǎn)前必須回來(lái)?！眕ermission“允許，準(zhǔn)許”，符合句意。conclusion“結(jié)論”；encouragement“鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞”；suggestion“建議”。答案：A5．Allthechildrenbecame________andbegantocrywhentheysawthe________snakecreepingtowardsthem.A．frightened;frighteningB．frightening;frightenedC．frightened;frightenedD．frightening;frightening解析：考查frighten的用法。frightened“感到害怕的，受驚的”；frightening“令人恐懼的；引起驚恐的”。根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)看到嚇人的蛇正在向他們爬過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，所有的孩子都害怕地哭起來(lái)?！笨芍xA。答案：A6．Youarereallyverykind.I'llneverforgetthe________youhavedonetome.A．favourB．deedC．helpD．kindness解析：分析句子成分可知youhavedonetome是個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，所以空白處是先行詞，省略的that/which作動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成詞組doa/the________tosb.，因而可以確定favour為正確答案。答案：A7．He________thekeyintotheholeandturnedit,butthedoorwouldn'topen.A．placedB．insertedC．pulledD．dropped解析：insert...into“把……插入”，符合句意。place...into“把……放入，置入”；drop...into“把……掉入”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選B。答案：B8．Neverinmywildestdreams________thesepeoplearelivinginsuchpoorconditions.A．IcouldimagineB．couldIimagineC．Icouldn'timagineD．couldn'tIimagine解析：以否定詞never開(kāi)頭，句子用部分倒裝，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；never本身就是否定詞，根據(jù)句意，不應(yīng)再用否定式，排除D項(xiàng)。答案：B9．Everystudentshouldgraduallyexploreasetofgoodmethodsofone'sownto________one'sneedsforlearning.A．takeB．meetC．haveD．put解析：考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：每個(gè)學(xué)生都應(yīng)根據(jù)自己的特點(diǎn)，逐步摸索出一套適合自己的好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。meetone'sneeds“滿(mǎn)足某人的需要”，是固定短語(yǔ)，符合題意。答案：B10．—Iamtired.Perhapsweshouldhaveabreak.—Goodidea.Iam________stoppingworknow.A．infavourofB．inorderofC．inplaceofD．inprocessof解析：由語(yǔ)境可知答句表示“我贊成現(xiàn)在停止工作”。infavourof“同意，贊成”，符合句意。inorderof“按照……的順序”；inplaceof“取代”；inprocessof“在……進(jìn)程中”。答案：A11．Ifyouletchallengesanddifficultiesbenefit________depressyou,muchmorecanbeacplishedthanyouthoughtpossible.A．morethanB．ratherthanC．lessthanD．otherthan解析：考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果你使挑戰(zhàn)和困難有益于你而不是使你沮喪的話(huà)，你將能完成更多你原以為可能的事。morethan“多于；不僅僅”；ratherthan“而不是”；lessthan“少于”；otherthan“除了”。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B12．(四川高考)—HowwasyourrecenttriptoSichuan?—I'veneverhad______onebefore.A．a(chǎn)pleasantB．a(chǎn)morepleasantC．a(chǎn)mostpleasantD．themostpleasant解析：考查形容詞比較級(jí)的用法。句意：“你的四川之行怎么樣？”“再好不過(guò)了?！狈穸ㄔ~與比較級(jí)連用往往表示最高級(jí)的含義。答案：B13．Itmadeourheadteacherangry________WangLin,withoutthe________fromtheschool,wasabsentfromclassforaweek.A．that;permissionB．which;permitC．which;permissionD．that;permit解析：句意：王林未經(jīng)學(xué)校許可缺課一周使我們班主任很生氣。此句中it是形式主語(yǔ)，后面的that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。withoutthepermissionfromtheschool＝withouttheschool'spermission。答案：A14．Althoughwesankallourmoneyintothefirm,itstillfailedtomakea________.A．differenceB．decisionC．contributionD．profit解析：句意：雖然我們把所有的錢(qián)都投到這家公司，但是仍然沒(méi)有獲利。makeaprofit“獲利”。答案：DⅡ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞)1．Youdidsoforyourselfinsteadofforyourfriends.→Youdidsoforyourselfratherthanforyourfriends.2．Henotonlyknewmebutalsogotonwellwithme.→Notonlydidheknowme,butalsogotonwellwithme.3．ForlittleTom,thisisthemostinterestingstory.→ForlittleTom,thisstoryismoreinterestingthananyoneelse.4．Ithinknothebutyouaretoblamefortheaccident.→Ithinkyouratherthanhearetoblamefortheaccident.5．I'dratherdiethanaskhimforsomemoney.→Iprefertodieratherthanaskhimforsomemoney.Ⅲ.完成句子1．我們從你的建議中獲益匪淺。Wegaineda_lot_of_profit_fromyouradvice.2．你的計(jì)劃不太實(shí)用，因此我不贊同。Yourplanisn'tpractical,soI'mnotin_favour_ofit.3．新建的賓館是當(dāng)?shù)刈詈廊A的。No_other_buildingisasgrandasthenewhotel.4．我寧愿步行去上學(xué)也不愿乘公交車(chē)。Iwould_rather_walktoschoolthantakeabus.5．從廣告人的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，電視是很棒的媒體。Fromanadvertiser'spoint_of_view,_TVisawonderfulmedium.[對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生課時(shí)達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練(十二)]Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Beforethetouristssetoff,theyspentmuchtimesettingalimit________theexpensesofthetrip.A．forB．inC．toD．a(chǎn)bout解析：考查固定搭配。句意：在游客們出發(fā)之前，他們花很多時(shí)間設(shè)定旅途花費(fèi)的限額。setalimittosth.為固定搭配，表示“對(duì)某事加以限制”，符合句意及結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：C2．Anewreportsaysabouttwomillionpeopleayeardiefromaccidentsanddiseases________totheirjobs.A．relatedB．relatingC．havingrelatedD．beingrelated解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：一份最新報(bào)道說(shuō)每年約有兩百萬(wàn)人死于事故和與職業(yè)相關(guān)的疾病。relatedtotheirjobs為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句that/whicharerelatedtotheirjobs。答案：A3．Themanagerwasto________theaccident,althoughitwasnothisfault.A．beblamedforB．blamedforC．blameonD．beblamedon解析：考查blame的用法。句意：盡管這起事故不是經(jīng)理的過(guò)失所造成的，但他因它受到責(zé)備。blamesth.onsb.＝blamesb.forsth.意為“把某事歸咎于某人；因某事責(zé)備某人”，此處用的是被動(dòng)形式，故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A4．Wecouldn'teatinarestaurantbecause________ofushad________moneyonus.A．a(chǎn)ll;noB．a(chǎn)ny;noC．none;anyD．noone;any解析：考查全部否定。句意：因?yàn)槲覀兇蠹疑砩隙紱](méi)帶錢(qián)，所以不能在飯店里吃飯。all的完全否定要用none。故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C5．—CanIusethefaxonthetable,sir?—Innocase________tousethefaxforpersonalaffairs.A．a(chǎn)nyoneisallowedB．nobodyisallowedC．isanyoneallowedD．isnobodyallowed解析：考查倒裝。innocase“決不；從不”，當(dāng)表示否定意義的狀語(yǔ)提前時(shí)句子需要用部分倒裝形式；再結(jié)合句意“決不允許任何人用辦私事”，可知答案為C。答案：C6．Jackislateagain.Itis________ofhimtokeepotherswaiting.A．normalB．ordinaryC．monD．typical解析：句意：杰克又遲到了。讓別人等待是他的特點(diǎn)。符合題干“Itis...ofsb.todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)的詞語(yǔ)，只有typical，而其他均不能搭配。typical“特有的，獨(dú)特的”。常用句式：Itis/wastypicalofsb.todosth.“做某事是某人的特點(diǎn)/典型方式”。答案：D7．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheblindman?—Ihaveneverseenamanwith________senseoftouch.A．thebetterB．a(chǎn)betterC．a(chǎn)goodD．thebest解析：句意：“你覺(jué)得那位盲人如何？”“我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)觸覺(jué)比這個(gè)盲人更好的人了?！贝颂帪楸容^級(jí)用在否定句中表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。答案：B8．Weforbid________here.Whopermitsyou________？A．smoking;smokingB．smoking;tosmokeC．tosmoke;tosmokeD．tosmoke;smoking解析：考查固定搭配。句意：此處禁止吸煙。誰(shuí)準(zhǔn)許你吸煙的？forbiddoingsth.“禁止做某事”；permitsb.todosth.“準(zhǔn)許某人做某事”。答案：B9．ThoughYaoMinghasretired,hisfansarestill________him.A．infavourofB．insearchofC．inplaceofD．inhonourof解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：雖然姚明已退役，他的球迷們依然支持他。infavourof“支持”，符合句意。insearchof“尋找”；inplaceof“代替”；inhonourof“為了紀(jì)念”。答案：A10．Allthegirlsbecame________andbegantocrywhentheysawthe________tigerrunningtowardsthem.A．frightening;frighteningB．frightening;frightenedC．frightened;frightenedD．frightened;frightening解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)看到嚇人的老虎向她們跑來(lái)時(shí)，所有的女孩都害怕得大哭起來(lái)。frightened“感到害怕的”；frightening“令人害怕的”。答案：DⅡ.完形填空Abusinessmanwasdeepindebt(債務(wù))andcouldseenowayout.Hesatontheparkbench,__1__inhands,wonderingifanythingcould__2__hispany.Suddenlyanoldmanappeared.“Icansee__3__istroublingyou，”hesaid.Afterlisteningtothebusinessman's__4__，theoldmansaid,“IbelieveIcan__5__you.”Heaskedthebusinessman'sname,and__6__acheck(支票),saying,“Takethismoney.Meetmehereexactlyoneyearfromtoday,andyoucan__7__mebackatthattime.”Thenheleftquickly.Thebusinessman__8__inhishandacheckfor$500,000,signed(簽字)byJohnD．Rockefellerwhowasthenoneofthe__9__menintheworld!“Icangetridofmymoneyworriesnow！”herealized.Butinstead,he__10__toputthecheckinhiscase,justknowingitwastheretogivehimthestrengthtoworkouta__11__tosavehispany.Withinafewmonths,hewasoutofdebtand__12__moneyonceagain.Exactlyoneyearlater,hereturnedtothe__13__withthecheck.Attheagreed-on__14__theoldmanappeared.Just__15__thebusinessmanwasabouttohandbackthecheckand__16__hissuccessstory,anursecamerunningupandgrabbedtheoldman.“I'mso__17__Icaughthim！”shecried,“Ihopehehasn'tbeenbotheringyou.He's__18__escapingfromtheresthomeand__19__peoplehe'sJohnD．Rockefeller.”Andsheledhimawaybythearm.Thebusinessmanjuststoodthere,__20__.Suddenly,herealizeditwasn'tthemoney,realorimagined,buthisnewfoundself-confidencethatgavehimthepowertoachieveanythinghewentafter.語(yǔ)篇解讀：一位商人在面臨債務(wù)危機(jī)的情況下接受了一位老人的幫助，渡過(guò)難關(guān)之后想還錢(qián)給老人時(shí)卻驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)老人是個(gè)精神病人。1．A.moneyB．hairC．checkD．head解析：上一句提到這個(gè)商人負(fù)債，看不到出路，所以情緒低沉，動(dòng)作應(yīng)是“頭埋在手里”。答案：D2．A.startB．stopC．saveD．sell解析：由“deepindebt”和“wondering”可推測(cè)，商人是想辦法拯救公司，而不是想賣(mài)掉。答案：C3．A.somethingB．everythingC．nothingD．a(chǎn)nything解析：根據(jù)第一段可知商人的公司有危機(jī)，確實(shí)有麻煩，肯定用something表示。答案：A4．A.programsB．troublesC．wishesD．dreams解析：由上一句的“...troublingyou”可知，是聽(tīng)了商人講述自己遇到的麻煩，trouble與troubling對(duì)應(yīng)。答案：B5．A.findB．teachC．helpD．protect解析：下文老人給了商人支票，此處是能提供幫助，故選help。答案：C6．A.packedupB．pickedupC．tookoutD．wroteout解析：packup“打包”；pickup“撿起”；takeout“拿出”；writeout“寫(xiě)出，開(kāi)出(支票)”。由后一句老人說(shuō)的“Takethismoney”可知，是寫(xiě)了一張支票。答案：D7．A.bringB．payC．feedD．call解析：老人給商人開(kāi)出了支票并對(duì)他說(shuō)：“拿著錢(qián)，一年以后在這兒見(jiàn)我?！笨赏茰y(cè)意思是：到那時(shí)候再還錢(qián)，故選pay。答案：B8．A.sawB．tiedC．pulledD．hid解析：空后提到支票的面額和簽名人，故此時(shí)是商人在看手中的支票，故選saw。答案：A9．A.tallestB．richestC．strongestD．busiest解析：結(jié)合老人毫不猶豫地幫助商人，且支票金額不小，應(yīng)該是很富有，故選B。答案：B10．A.continuedB．refusedC．decidedD．forgot解析：商人沒(méi)有動(dòng)用支票，而是保存起來(lái)作為努力的動(dòng)力，在公司負(fù)債的情況下，這是一個(gè)有魄力的決定。答案：C11．A.recordB．resultC．problemD．way解析：尋找解救公司危機(jī)的方法；出路，故選way。答案：D12．A.losingB．makingC．lendingD．raising解析：由“hewasoutofdebt”可知，公司擺脫了困境，makemoney“賺錢(qián)”，為固定搭配。答案：B13．A.parkB．roomC．panyD．hospital解析：第一、二段提到是在公園遇到給他幫助的老人，所以現(xiàn)在要還錢(qián)自然是回到和老人約定的地點(diǎn)“公園”。答案：A14．A.timeB．cornerC．priceD．weekend解析：第二段中的“Meetmehereexactlyoneyearfromtoday”是老人約定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，所以選time。答案：A15．A.ifB．a(chǎn)sC．a(chǎn)fterD．because解析：此處缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選as，此處做連詞“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。答案：B16．A.readB．testC．shareD．hear解析：商人來(lái)還老人錢(qián)，并打算把自己的成功奮斗歷程講給老人聽(tīng)，即分享他的成功故事，故選share。答案：C17．A.sadB．a(chǎn)ngryC．tiredD．glad解析：由護(hù)士下文的話(huà)可知，老人是精神病人，是跑出來(lái)的，所以護(hù)士找到他很高興，故選glad。答案：D18．A.seldomB．hardlyC．neverD．a(chǎn)lways解析：一年前就是老人偷跑出來(lái)的，現(xiàn)在也是偷跑出來(lái)，所以選always“總是”。答案：D19．A.orderingB．warningC．tellingD．reminding解析：一年前老人給商人的支票簽名就是JohnD．Rockefeller，所以是告訴人們他就是這個(gè)人。答案：C20．A.shockedB．boredC．excitedD．interested解析：商人一直以為給他支票的老人就是世界上最富有的人之一的JohnD．Rockefeller，聽(tīng)完護(hù)士的話(huà)后，自然感到震驚。答案：AⅢ.閱讀理解April27isTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayinBritain.StartedatfirstintheUnitedStatesandbroughttoBritainin1994,TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayhasbeeaspecialdayforgirlsbetween11and15.Onthatdaythousandsofgirlstakeadayoffschoolandgotogetherwithoneoftheirparentstotheirworkplaces.Thepurposeofthisdayistobroadengirls'horizonsandraisetheirself-confidence.Formanyyearspeoplehavethoughtthat