高考英語創(chuàng)新版學(xué)案選修八Unit1

選修八Unit1AlandofdiversityⅠ.情景默寫1．Heslipped(滑倒)andfelldownthestairs.2．Thehealthservicemustbepletelyreformed(改革)．3．Shebraked(剎)hiscarsuddenlyinordertoavoidacat.4．Sheshockedeveryonebyshaving(剃)allherhairoff.5．Itoccurred(發(fā)生)tohimthathehadleftthebagonthetrain.6．TheEnglishtranslationisinserted(插入)betweenthelinesofthetext.7．Myfatherhired(雇傭)threementohelphimwiththeharvestlastsummer.8．Theboom(繁榮)wasfuelledbyaccelerateddemandforconsumerproducts.9．Thetaskwasbeyondtheintellectualgrasp(掌握)ofsomeofthestudents.10．Thetwolocalauthorities(當(dāng)局)decidedtobuildasuspensionbridgeovertheriver.11．Hardlyhadweputdownourluggage/baggage(行李)andsatdownwhenthetrainstartedoff.12．Theteacher’ssystemofpunishment(s)(處罰)appealedtothechildren’ssenseofjustice(公正)．13．Shehadlookedeverywhereforherchildren，buttheywerenowhere(到處都沒有)tobefound，whichmadeherveryworried.14．InsomeruralplacesofChina，somepeoplestillpreferkeeping_up(沿襲)theirtraditionallifestyle.15．After15yearsintheUSA，hehasfinallymadehisdecisiontoapply_for(申請)Americancitizenship.16．Whileyouarereadinganarticle，you’dbettermark_out(標(biāo)出)thekeywordsandtopicsentences.17．Pity!Youdidn’tlistentomyadvice；otherwise，youwouldnothavebeentaken_in(欺騙)．18．Youcanteam_up_with(與……合作)oneotherclassmemberifyoucan’tfinishitontime.19．Itishonorabletomake_a_life(謀生)withyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.20．Thepolicelookedintothecasecarefullyandfoundthethiefhadenteredthehouseby_means_of(借助于)aladder.Ⅱ.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1．Theareahasahighpercentage(percent)ofunemployedmen.2．Theybelievedthattheseproblemswoulddisappearundersocialism(social)．3．Hewontheelectionandwaselectedpresidentofthecountry.(elect)4．Apparently，shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)5．“Walkacrossthisstreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossing(cross)．”theboytoldthelady.6．HeindicatedthatanindicatorshouldgivemesomeindicationsofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)7．Theresultsofthesurveyfellintodistinctgroups.Theoldwerescholarsofgreatdistinctionwhiletheyoungweretheopposite.(distinct)8．AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)9．OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)10．Ifacustomerwantstobringthegoodshebuysabroadbacktoinland，hehastopaysomecustomswhenhepassesthroughthecustoms．(custom)1．句型公式：itislikelythat...意為“很可能……”很可能有一些像地球一樣的星球，在那里也可能存在生命。It_is_likely_that_there_are_some_planetsliketheearth，onwhichtheremightalsobelife.2．句型公式：Thatiswhy...意為“那就是為什么……”他迷戀電腦游戲，那就是他為什么不得不輟學(xué)的原因。Heisaddictedtoputergames，andthat’s_why_he_has_to_drop_out_of_school．3．句型公式：Itisbelievedthat...意為“人們認(rèn)為/相信……”，其構(gòu)成為：It＋be＋過去分詞＋that從句人們認(rèn)為澳大利亞的歷史開始于18世紀(jì)末期。It_is_believed_that_Australian_history_beganattheendoftheeighteenthcentury.第一板塊核心詞匯1．meansn．手段；方法高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/完成句子①Onlybythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehimoutofsmoking.②Bynomeansis(be)punishmentawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.③Everypossiblemeanshas_been_tried(try)sofar，butnoneworked.→Allpossiblemeanshave_been_tried(try)sofar，butnoneworked.④By_any_means，asstudents，weshouldmasteraforeignlanguageby_means_ofourdiligence.What’smore，by_no_meansshouldwewasteouryouth.無論如何，作為學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該借助我們的勤奮掌握一門外語。并且，我們決不應(yīng)該浪費我們的青春。狀元筆記全記牢bymeansof通過；用；借助于byanymeans無論如何，以一切可能的手段bythismeans這種方法bynomeans決不；一點也不(放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝語序)byallmeans(用于交際英語表示同意)當(dāng)然可以；沒問題【點津】means用作“方式；方法”時單復(fù)數(shù)同形。2．occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtobuytheproducts.②Didn’titoccurtoyouto_phone(phone)themaboutit?③Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation，youneedtohandinareport，explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyou.④Butitstruck/hitmethatoneshouldn’tloseheartwhenintrouble.→Butitoccurredtomethatoneshouldn’tloseheartwhenintrouble.狀元筆記全記牢(1)sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事(2)occurrencen．發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)【點津】occur結(jié)構(gòu)中主語不能是人，而是想到的事情或it。3．majorityn．大多數(shù)；大半高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/完成句子①Amongthemembersofthemitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanareinthemajority(major)．②Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthemitteemembersare(be)againstit.③Whatsubjectdidyoumajorinwhenyouwereinuniversity?④Thewhiteare_in_the_majorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeople(are)inthe_minority．在澳大利亞，白人占多數(shù)而土著人反而占少數(shù)。狀元筆記全記牢(1)a/themajorityof...大多數(shù)……beinthemajority占大部分/大多數(shù)(2)minorityn．少數(shù)intheminority占少數(shù)(3)majorn．&v．主修；專業(yè)majorin主修……；以……為專業(yè)【點津】the/amajorityof＋名詞，謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后面的名詞保持一致。4．indicatevt.指出；標(biāo)示；表明；暗示高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/完成句子①Asindicated(indicate)inthepicture，ifthemaniswillingtolookforotherpossibilities，hecanfindabetterwaytoachievehisgoal.②Hegaveusnoindication(indicate)astowhatwasthematter.③Thesefiguresindicate_to_methatthepanyisinserioustrouble.這些數(shù)字讓我覺得公司處境很艱難。狀元筆記全記牢(1)indicatesth.tosb.向某人指出、暗示某物indicate(tosb.)that...(向某人)示意；表明；暗示；說明(2)indicationn．指示，標(biāo)志；暗示；跡象5．makealife習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等；謀生高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/完成句子①TheysettleddowninCanadaandmadealifeforthemselves.②Shehadtolookforpart－timejobstheseyearsto_make(make)aliving.③WhenAlicecame__(back)to_life，shedidnotknowhowlongshehadbeenlyingthere.當(dāng)愛麗絲醒來時，她不知道她已經(jīng)在那兒躺了多久。狀元筆記全記牢(1)make/earna/one’sliving謀生(2)live/leada．..life過著……生活e(back)tolife蘇醒；變得活躍；恢復(fù)生氣bring...backtolife使……蘇醒過來；給……活力6．takein包括；吸收；理解；欺騙；收留高考必刷題練透寫出下列句子中takein的含義①Thepricetakesinthecostofalltheacmodationandfood.包括②Theoldladywashomeless，soItookherin.留宿；收留③Lackingsocialexperience，teenagerstendtobetakeninbyillpeople.欺騙④Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheteachersaidinclass.理解⑤Itissaidthatblacktakesinmoreheatthanwhite.吸收狀元筆記全記牢takeback收回；取回takeoff起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功takeon呈現(xiàn)；雇用takeover接收；接管；取代takeup占去；占據(jù)；開始；從事第二板塊經(jīng)典句式7．this/thatiswhy...高考必刷題練透單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Tomwasverylazy.Thatwaswhyheneverachievedanythinginhislife.②Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill.③Thereasonthathewasillyesterdayissuchabadexcuse.④Thereasonwhyhehashadsuchasuccessisthathenevergivesup.→Henevergivesup;thisis(the_reason)whyhehashadsuchasuccess.→Hehashadsuchasuccess;thisisbecausehenevergivesup.狀元筆記全記牢(1)this/thatiswhy...意為“這/那就是為什么……”(why從句表示結(jié)果)(2)this/thatisbecause...這/那是因為……(because從句表示原因)(3)thisisthereasonwhy...這就是……的原因thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(why引導(dǎo)定語從句；that引導(dǎo)表語從句。注意：that不可換成because)Ⅰ.課文語法填空CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSA1.buthasthelargestpopulation.2.ItisthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.Thisisnot3.surprising(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCaliforniawhichhasattractedpeoplefromnearlyeverycountryintheworld.Noonereallyknowswhenthefirstsettlersarrivedin4.whatwenowknowasCalifornia.ScientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAmerica5.bymeansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen.In1848，goldwasdiscoveredinCaliforniaand6.thedreamofbeingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact，7.fewachievedtheirdream，butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifefor8.themselves(they)．Inmorerecentdecades，Californiahasbeehometo9.more(many)peoplefromAsia.It10.is_believed(believe)thatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups.Ⅱ.課文概要寫作細(xì)讀本單元Reading部分，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的概要?！緟⒖挤段摹緾aliforniaisthemostmulticulturalstatewiththelargestpopulationinAmerica.(要點1)Itattractsimmigrantsallovertheworldatdifferentperiodsduetoitsclimateandthelifestyle，startingfromnativeAmericans15，000yearsago.(要點2)ItisbelievedthatinthefuturetherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroupsbutsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandculturesinCalifornia.(要點3)Ⅲ.課文話題寫作一、用本單元所學(xué)知識補全短文MostofourclasshaddecidedtovisittheGreatWallby_means_of(通過)bicyclingonSunday.①IthitusthatthePalaceMuseumwasmoreappealing.Onthewayweteamed_up(合作)tocarryourluggageandattheentranceweaskedTomtobuytickets.Just_as_is_apparently_indicated(正如明確顯示的一樣)intheirbrochure，therearealotofvaluablecollections.②PeoplebelievethatnowhereintheworldcanimpressussodeeplyasthePalaceMuseum.Now，IunderstandwhysomanypeoplepayavisittothePalaceMuseumeveryyear.二、按要求升級短文1．用本單元的高級詞匯升級短文中的加黑詞匯(1)Mostofourclass→Themajorityofourclass(2)alotof→a_great/good_many2．用高級表達升級短文中的句子(1)用本單元所學(xué)句式改寫句①It_occurred_to_us_thatthePalaceMuseumwasmoreappealing.(2)用it作形式主語改寫句②It_is_believed_thatnowhereintheworldcanimpressussodeeplyasthePalaceMuseum.Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·東陽中學(xué)模擬)munity(社區(qū))serviceisimportantformanyreasons.Takingpartandvolunteeringteachessympathyandunderstanding.Oneofmyfavoritethingsaboutitisthatthereareopportunitiesandchoicesrightinyourveryneighborhood.WhenIwasyoungerIvolunteeredforanearbyanimalshelter.AtfirstIdidn’tknowmanypeoplethereandwasn’tveryenthusiastic.Later，asIgottoknowtheanimalsandstaffmembersIlearnedtoenjoymytimethere.ItwasaveryrewardingexperienceandIgottodomanythingsIwouldn’thavehadanopportunitytodootherwise.SometimeswhenIwasthereIwouldseeotherkidstakingpart.Mostofthemwerevolunteeringbecausetheyneededservicehoursforschool.Thesekidssometimesjustsataroundwaitingfortheirtimetopass.Buttherewerealsoothers，whohadapparentlyenjoyedtheirexperiences，andwantedtodomoreafterwards.Notonlyismunityservicefunandrewarding，italsolooksgreatonaresume(簡歷)orcollegeapplication.Sometimesmunityserviceisevenrequiredforhighschoolgraduation.Lastyearinmylifeskillsclasswewereaskedtowriteapaperaboutwhetherwethoughtrequiringstudentsatauniversitytoplete75hoursofmunityservicewasagoodidea.Iwrote，“Idon’tthinkthatistoomuchaslongasthestudentsaregivenenoughtimeandavarietyofchoices.”AsImovethroughlifeIwillalwaysbeinvolvedinmunityservice，notjustbecauseitisimportantbutalsobecauseitissomethingIenjoyandlookforwardto.Somaybeitistherighttimeyoushouldgoout，volunteeryourtimeandmakeadifference，evenifyourrewardisonlyanodorsmile.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了作者參加過許多社區(qū)志愿服務(wù)，從中獲益良多，并鼓勵人們也參與進來。1．Thewriterbegantoenjoyvolunteeringattheanimalshelterwhenhe____．A．realizedtheimportanceofmunityserviceB．witnessedsomestudentswastingtheirtimeC．gotinspiredbytheenthusiasticvolunteersD．a(chǎn)djustedhimselftothenewenvironment答案D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句可推知，當(dāng)作者適應(yīng)了動物收容所的環(huán)境后，他開始愛上了在那里的志愿者工作。故選D。]2．Whatmightbethewriter’sattitudetothe75－h(huán)ourmunityservicerequiredforauniversitystudent?A．Cautious. B．Approving.C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.答案B[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可推知，作者對大學(xué)生要完成75小時的社區(qū)服務(wù)工作持贊成態(tài)度。故選B。]3．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Tointroduceagrowingtrendofvolunteering.B．Toreflectononeofhisvolunteerexperiences.C．Toadvocateparticipatinginmunityservice.D．Tomakeknownthebenefitsofmunityservice.答案C[寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句和全文內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為做社區(qū)志愿服務(wù)工作是非常有益的，所以作者呼吁人們參與到社區(qū)服務(wù)中去。故選C。]BTheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco，Californiaisoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulbridges.Itisalsooneofthemostvisitedplacesintheworld.Morethan1，800hundredmillionvehicleshaveusedthebridgesinceitopenedmorethan70yearsago.Thebridgewaspainted“InternationalOrange”becausethatcolorwentwellwiththenaturalsurroundings.Thecoloralsoiseasiertoseeintheheavyfogthatoftencoversthearea.ButtheGoldenGateBridgewasnotnamedforitsorangecolor.Itwasnamedforthebodyofwaterthatitcrosses，theGoldenGateStrait，whichistheentrancetotheSanFranciscoBayfromthePacificOcean.Planningforthebridgebeganinthe1920swhentheareaaroundSanFranciscowasgrowing.Peoplelivingintheareaneededanotherwaytogettothecitybesidessmallferries.JosephStrausswasthechiefengineerfortheproject.Workbeganin1934.Mr.Straussdemandedthestrongestsafetyprotectionsinthehistoryofbridgebuilding.Theseincludedthefirstuseof“hardhats”toprotecttheworkers’headsandspecialglassestoprotecttheireyes.Aspecialsafetynetwassuspendedunderthebridge.Thisnetsavedthelivesof19menduringtheconstruction.TheGoldenGateBridgeopenedin1937.Itextends1，280metersacrossthewater.Thetotallengthis2，737meters.Itwasthelargestsuspensionbridge(吊橋)intheworlduntil1964.ThatiswhentheVerrazanoNarrowsBridgeopenedinNewYorkCity.Today，theGoldenGateBridgeistheninthlongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹的是美國舊金山市的金門橋，它是世界最著名的橋梁之一。金門橋于1937年完工，在1964年以前是世界上最長的吊橋。4．WhatwastheGoldenGateBridgenamedafter?A．TheStraititcrosses.B．Thecolorofpaint.C．Thelocalclimate.D．Itsnaturalsurroundings.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話可知，金門橋得名于它所跨越的金門海峽。]5．Whywasaspecialsafetynetsuspendedunderthebridge?A．Becauseitcanprotecttheenvironment.B．Becauseitcanpreventworkersfromfalling.C．Becauseitcanmakeconstructioneasier.D．Becauseitcansavebuildingmaterialsfromfalling.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句話可知，建金門橋時，橋下懸掛著一張?zhí)刂频陌踩W(wǎng)，目的是阻止建筑工人墜落。故選B。]6．WhatdoweknowaboutJosephStrauss?A．Hebuiltthefirstsuspensionbridgeintheworld.B．Hissafetymeasureswerenotofpracticalvalue.C．Heattachedimportancetotheworkers’safety.D．Hedemandedstrongmeasurestoensurethesafetyofthebridge.答案C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Mr.Straussdemandedthestrongestsafetyprotectionsinthehistoryofbridgebuilding”可知，負(fù)責(zé)修金門橋的工程師JosephStrauss非常注重保護建筑工人的安全。故選C。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2018·富陽聯(lián)考)AgenerousstrangerboughtaplaneticketforahomelessmothertowatchherthreedaughterspeteattheAAUJuniorOlympicGames._1_SistersTaiSheppard，11，RainnSheppard，10，andBrookeSheppard，8—whobegantrainingintrackandfieldinJanuaryof2015—allmadeitintotheJuniorOlympicstopeteinvariousraces.Brookealsopetedinthehighjump，aneventwhichinvolvesequipmentthathertrainingteamdoesn’tevenhave._2_Thegirls，wholiveinahomelessshelterwiththeirmother，ToniaHandy，46，wereabletoattendthegamesthankstosupportfromthegirls’trainingteamandasuccessfulGoFundMecampaign.Handy，however，couldnotaffordaplaneticketofherowntowatchthempeteinperson.ThatwasuntilKenSmaltzJr.，apletestranger，readaboutthefamily._3_“Itjustfeelsnicetohelpsomeone，”Smaltzsaid，whoalsodidn’tintendforthegesturetobemadepublic.OnAugust1，HandysurprisedRainnbyshowinguptothetrackrightbeforeshewasabouttorunthe3，000mrace.Rainnwasextremelyexcited.Themotheranddaughterhuggedsixtimesbeforetheytookeachother’shandsandwalkedtothetracktogether._4_Althoughthefamily’sathleticacplishmentsaregrand，theirneedsaresimple.“Doyouhavemoneytoeat？”Rainnwhisperedintohermom’searafterherrace._5_“Formetobeouthereisanimpressiveachievementonitsown.”A．Hegaveallthreegirlsbusinesscardsafterthemeet.B．HereachedouttoHandyandofferedtobuyheraticket.C．“SheknewIdidn’thavemoney，”Handylaterexplained.D．TheybelongtoJeunessTrackClubinBrooklyn，NewYork.E．ItisanannualeventwherekidsintheU．Speteinsports.F．Thatmeantallofherjumpswerepracticedduringpetitions.G．Shortlyaftertheirsweetreunion，Rainnwonthegoldmedalintherace.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是記敘文，一位陌生人為一位居無定所的母親買了機票，使她能夠觀看女兒們的田徑比賽。1．E[結(jié)合本空前的AAUJuniorOlympicGames及常識我們可以推測，這應(yīng)該是“美國青少年參加的運動會”。]2．F[根據(jù)本空上一句內(nèi)容可知，Brooke所在的訓(xùn)練隊并沒有供她練習(xí)的跳高設(shè)備，“這意味著她所有的跳高練習(xí)都是在比賽中完成的”。]3．B[根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，一位陌生人為Handy買了機票，使她能夠觀看女兒們的田徑比賽；再根據(jù)下段中的helpsomeone可知，是Smaltz“向Handy伸出援助之手，為她買了機票”。]4．G[根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Rainn和母親“甜蜜相聚”；根據(jù)下段