2021屆北京市豐臺(tái)區(qū)豐臺(tái)第一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一模試卷及答案解析

2021屆北京市豐臺(tái)區(qū)豐臺(tái)第一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)一模試卷及答案解析第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分 第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分）第一節(jié)（共第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題 2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AThankyou.It’smygreathonortobegiventhisaward.YoucannotimaginethatIhavealwaysbeenalatestarter.Yearsago,whenIwas16,Itookanimportantexam—GCE(GeneralCertificateofEducation),whichturnedouttobeafailure.Mydadwasreadingmyreportcardandsawthatmypositioninclasswas29th,butthenumberinclasswas29.ItmeantthatIhadachievedthedistinctionofbeingbottomofmyclass.Iwasn’tlazy,andIwasreallytrying.YoucanpicturehowIfelt.Dadputhishandonmyshoulderandsaid,“Youcanonlydothebestyoucan,butwhateveryoudecidetodo,makesureyouloveit.”Hewasareallysweetguyandagreatman.Iknewhisattempttohidehisdisappointmentwithsomeofhisencouragingwords.Iwasdepressedforaweek,buthisadvicewasawake-upcall.FortunatelyIloveworkingwithmyhands,andIwasgoodattwothings:woodworkandart,andIreallylovedtodrawandpaint.Iwasquitetalented.Dadstronglyencouragedmetogotoartschool,whichinthosedayswasn’ttheobviousplacethatafatherwouldsuggest.SoIgotintoHartlepoolCollegeofArt.Thecollegewasarevelation(出乎意料),thepassionateteachersthere,whowereextremelyinterestedinthestudents,notjusttoleratingthembutactuallyengagingwiththem.Itwasaworldapartfrommyschoolinguntilthen.It’sextraordinarywhatanenthusiasticteachercando,drawingthestudentout,lightingindependence,andencouragingadesignofyourownfuture,ratherthanwaitingforsomethingtohappen.I’mhonoredtohavebecomeoneofthesepassionateteachersyearslater.Myteachersinspiredme,andthankstomydad,hereIamtonight.IthinkIshouldmentionallthetalentsIhaveworkedwithovertime,andtomykidsandmywifeGiannina,thankyou.Thankyouforthisgreataward.Ishallfindaveryspecialplaceforit.HowdidtheauthorfeelaftertakingGCE?Happy. B.Upset. C.Tired. D.Relieved.WhatdidHartlepoolCollegeofArtimpresstheauthormost?Theteacherswerestrictwithstudents.Thestudentssetgoodexamplesforeachother.Theteachersinspiredstudents’passionforlearning.Thestudentsgotpreparedfortheirlessonsindependently.Theauthorgavethisspeechto .sharehiscareerchoiceexplainhisteachingmethodsdescribehislifeexperienceshowhisappreciationBTenyearsago,Isetouttoexamineluck.Iwantedtoknowwhysomepeoplewerealwaysintherightplaceattherighttime,whileothersconsistentlyexperiencedillfortune.Iplacedadvertisementsinnationalnewspapersaskingforpeoplewhofeltconsistentlyluckyorunlucky.Hundredsofextraordinarymenandwomenvolunteeredformyresearch.OvertheyearsIhaveinterviewedthem,monitoredtheirlivesandhadthemtakepartinvariousexperiments.Inoneoftheexperiments,Igavebothluckyandunluckypeopleanewspaper,askingthemtolookthroughitandtellmehowmanyphotographswereinside.Ihadsecretlyplacedalargemessagehalfwaythroughthenewspaper,saying,“Telltheexperimenteryouhaveseenthisandyouwillwin$50.”Thismessagetookuphalfofthepageandwaswrittenintypethatwasmorethantwoincheshigh.Itwasstaringeveryoneintheface,buttheunluckypeopletendedtomissitandtheluckypeopletendedtospotit.Unluckypeoplearegenerallymorenervousthanluckypeople,andthisanxietyaffectstheirabilitytonoticetheunexpected.Asaresult,theymissopportunitiesbecausetheyaretoofocusedonlookingforsomethingelse.Theygotogatheringsconcentratingonfindingtheirperfectpartnersandmissopportunitiestomakegoodfriends.Theylookthroughnewspapersdeterminedtofindcertaintypesofjobadvertisementsandmissothertypesofjobs.Luckypeoplearemorerelaxedandopen,andthereforeseewhatisthereratherthanjustwhattheyarelookingfor.Myresearcheventuallyshowedthatluckypeopleareskilledatnoticingopportunities,makeluckydecisionsbylisteningtotheirintuition(直覺(jué)),areopentonewexperiences,andadoptanever-say-dieattitudethattransformsbadluckintogoodluck.What’sthepurposeoftheauthor’sresearch?Todiscoverwhatluckmeanstopeople.Tofindluckypeopleandunluckypeople.Todistinguishbetweengoodluckandbadluck.Tofigureoutwhypeoplearealwaysluckyorunlucky.Whydidtheunluckypeoplemissthemessageintheexperiment?Therewastoomuchinformationtobereadindetail.Theyweretoofocusedonlookingforphotographs.Ittooktoomuchtimetogothroughnewspapers.Thewordsweretoosmalltobenoticed.Whatleadstoluckypeople’sgoodfortune?Theirabilitytospotopportunities. B.Theirabilitytobecomerelaxed.C.Theirabilitytocommunicate. D.Theirabilitytomakefriends.What’sthekeymessageofthelastparagraph?Whatluckypeoplearelookingfor.Howluckypeoplegenerategoodluck.Whatluckypeoplecandowithopportunities.DHowluckypeopletransformbadluckintogoodluck.CTheChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeam(CISAR)wasformedin2001andisnowmadeupofseveralhundredrescueworkersandabout20policedogs.Theteambringshelpandhopetothosewhoselivesarechangedbyastorm,flood,earthquake,oranyothernaturaldisasters.Afterlongandcarefultraining,theteamwentonitsfirstinternationalrescuetasksin2003.Thatyear,theChineseteamhelpedsavelivesafterearthquakesinAlgeriaandIran.ItwasthefirsttimethataChineseteamhadworkedoutsideChinawhosememberswonhighpraiseforbraveryandskill.Sincethen,theCISARhascompletedmanytasks.Thelistofpeopletowhomhelphasbeengivenislong.Theteamtreatedmorethan3,000peoplewhowerewoundedinthe2006earthquakeinIndonesia,helped2,500woundedpeopleaftertheearthquakethathitHaitiin2010,andspentseveralmonthsgivingaidtoover25,000peoplesufferingfromthe2010floodsinPakistan.OnApril26,2015,agroupof62peoplefromCISARwenttoNepalafterthe8.1magnitudeearthquakethathappenedthere.Rescueworkersaretrainedtofindpeople,treatwounds,andhandoutfood,water,andothersupplies.Theyhavetobeabletodoworkthatisdifficultunderconditionswhichcanbeverydangerous.Afteradisaster,thereisusuallynoelectricityorwater,andtheremaybediseasesandotherdangers.Rescueworkersgettosavelives,buttheymustalsoburythedead.Thatmeanstheyhavetobestronginbothbodyandmind.Rescueworkersmusthavebighearts,too.Ittakesalotofloveandcouragetoriskone’sownlifetosavesomeoneelse’s.ThemembersoftheCISARhaveplentyofbothandarealwaysreadytogowhereverhelpisneeded.WhatisthefunctionofthenumbersinParagraph3?ToadvertisefortheCISAR.Toaddsomebasicinformation.TopraiseRecueWorkers’contributions.TostressthedangersRescueWorkersface.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsRescueWorkers?Hopeful. B.Respectful.C.Curious. D.Supportive.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?Thedutyrescueworkersmustperform.Thequalitiesrescueworkersmustown.Thedifficultiesrescueworkersmustgothrough.Thewillingnessrescueworkersshouldrequire.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ChinatotheRescue B.HowtotrainCISARC.WelcometoCISAR D.RescueonrequestDIwasatmyparent’sdinnertable.Beforemewasawornjournalofthinanddiscolor1edpages.Itwasmygrandfather’sjournalandnowbelongedtomyfather.Mygrandfatherhadpassedawayinthemonthsleadinguptomybirth.Inevergottovisittheplaceshehadfrequentedandthepeoplewhohadbeenapartofhislife’sjourney.Iwasnowabouttoenterhisworld,throughthewordshehadleftbehind.Withinminutes,Iwascaptivatedbythepowerofthewrittenwords.Inthemagicalscript( 筆跡)beforeme,Iwastransportedtoanotheragewhenfoodwasaneverydayart,planned,preparedandenjoyedinthecompanyofothers,andatimewhenpeoplehadthehearttopausetheirownlivestoembrace( 擁)eachother’sstruggles.Allthiswasconveyedtomeinthebeautyofthewordsthatflowedtogethertoconnectwiththewriter’smindandunderstandtheworldtheylivedin.Thatkindofwritingseemstobelostonustoday.Wehavegottenusedtowritinginbite -sizedpiecesforapubliclookingforentertainment,andhungryforinformation.Nowonder,therearenearly200millionbloggersontheInternetandanewblogiscreatedsomewhereintheworldeveryhalfasecond.Insteadofaddingtoourcollectivewisdom,mostofthesewritingsreflectthesuperficiality)andimpatienceofourdayandage.Thisnotonlyrobsusoftheskillofwritingimpressiveessays,italsopreventsusfromexploringwhatisindeedimportant.Writinghumbles(使謙卑)usinawaythatisvitalforourcharactergrowth,byremindingusaboutthelimitsoftheselfandourappropriateplaceinthevastflowoflife.Writingfreesusbyhelpingusexploretheunknownsothatwereallyopenuptomagicoftheworldaroundus.Isawallofthisinthewritingofmygrandfather.AndI’veseenitagainandagaininthewritingsofthegreatestthinkersofhumanity.Theirwritingreflectdeepthoughtonissuesofhumanimportance.Theunderlinedword“captivated”inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby“ ”.A.puzzled B.frightenedC.attracted D.defeatedIntheauthor’sgrandfather’sage,people .A.livedahardlife B.caredabouteachotherC.werefondofwriting D.treatedfoodasanartTheauthorbeginsthetextwithhergrandfather’sjournalinorderto .showherrespecttohergrandfatherpresenttheimportanceofgoodwritingexpressherinterestinreadingaswellaswritingraisetheproblemswithtoday’swritingInthelastparagraph,theauthoristryingto .discusswhatgoodwritingislikeexpressherstrongdesiretolearnwritingskillsstresstheeffectsofhergrandfather’sjournalonhershowheradmirationforhergrandfather’swriting第二節(jié)（共第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題 2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)HowtoIncreaseWalkingStamina(耐力)Ifyou’vedecidedyouwanttoimproveyourfitness,walkingisagoodchoice.It’sfree,simple,andadaptabletoyourschedule. 16 Ifyoudon’thavethepatienceforthat,thereareafewothertricksyoucantrytohelpyoureachyourgoalsfaster.●Walkforatleast30minutes3to5daysaweek.Goingforregularwalksimproveyourcardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessgradually,butdon’tsweatitifyoucan’twalkthislonginitially. 17 ●Goonalongerwalkatleastonedayaweek.Planalongerwalkforatleastoneofyoursessionssoyoucangraduallypushyourendurance.Whenyoufirststart,thedistancewilllikelybelyshort. 18 Don’tworryaboutwhereyoustart-justfocusonimprovingalittleeachweek.●Walkatabriskpaceofabout3miles(4.8km)perhour.Thispaceisfasterthanastroll,butlikelynotthefastestyoucanwalk. 19 Therearesomesmartphoneapps,suchasPaceDJandRockMyRun,thatwillhelpyouplanyourplaylisttoincludesongswiththecorrectnumbersofbeatsperminutetokeepyouonpace. 20 Ifyouonlyhaveashortperiodoftimetowalk,addresistancetoworkonyourstamina.Youcanbuyankleandwristweightsatsportinggoodsordepartmentstores(oronline),butthistypeofequipmentisn’tstrictlynecessary.Youcanalsosimplyputafewbooksorsolidobjectsinabackpackandcarrythat.Afteryou’vebeenwalkingwithweightforafewweeks,trywalkingwithouttheweightandseehowmuchfurtheryoucango.A.Carryweightwhilewalking.B.However,asyouprogress,thedistancewillgrow.C.Listeningtomusicwhileyouwalkcanhelpyoukeepthepace.D.Overtime,youbodywillgetusedtoacertainlevelofactivity.Keeptrackoftheamountofweightyou’recarryingsoyoucanincreaseit.Ifyoudownloadastepappforyoursmartphone,itwillhelpyoukeeppace.Ifyouwalkalittlefurthereveryday,yourwalkingstaminagraduallyimproves.第二部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題 1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Weboughtamicrowavelastweek.Thismaynotseemlikebig21,butwe’veneverownedonebefore.InaNewYorkCitykitchenwithsmallcounterspace,acubicfootisfartoo22todeserveoccupationbyasingleappliance.Buttheconvenienceofheatingfood23finallyoutweighedtheconvenienceofspace.Sothisisabetter24forus.Ihave25thattherearedifferenttypesofchoiceswegetinlife.Thefirstisthegoodvs.goodvariety.Thatis,bothchoiceswill 26 us.Whichflavoroficecreamtastesbetter?Whichcardoyou 27 ?Whicheveroptionweselect,theworstoutcomeisthatour 28 isn’toptimized).Notaproblem.Nextupisgoodvs.bad.Thesechoicesareeither 29 orincrediblyhard.Oftenweneedtochoosebetweenshort-termpleasureandlong-termgood.Whatfeelsthebesttodaymaybe 30 fiveyearsfromnow,andwhat’sthehardestatthemomentmaybewhat’soptimalforthefuture.Goodvs.badchoices 31 insight洞察)andstickingtoour 32 .Finally there’sthe least-worst option situation, where every possibility is 33 , and we haveto 34 whichisleastharmful.Dowechoosethedangerousoperationorlikely 35

?Inwhichpoorneighborhooddoweraiseourkids?Sometimeswehavetofacemany 36 ofthissortandwemustmakeachoice.Mymicrowavepurchase 37 fallsinthegoodvs.goodcategory 38 Ihadtheprivilegeofweighingoneconvenienceagainstanotherandmakingachoice.ThoughInowworkaroundthemonsterpresenceinmymini-kitchen,I 39 thebenefitsitoffers.Facinginconvenienceisnotaproblem;howyoubehave 40 .A.news B.change C.loss D.troubleA.common B.spacious C.precious D.hardA.freely B.effectively C.quietly D.quicklyA.chance B.choice C.plan D.lifeA.noticed B.agreed C.doubted D.admittedA.affect B.confuse C.benefit D.inspireA.hate B.prefer C.accept D.makeA.pleasure B.experience C.time D.fundA.reasonable B.effortless C.right D.wiseA.comfortable B.harmful C.dangerous D.importantA.turnover B.puton C.callfor D.takeupA.routines B.dreams C.habits D.valuesA.painful B.useless C.helpful D.unnecessaryA.explain B.show C.decide D.guessA.death B.recovery C.survival D.injuryA.opportunities B.debates C.dilemmas D.barriersA.hopefully B.finally C.nearly D.clearlyA.but B.if C.although D.becauseA.stress B.enjoy C.ignore D.predictA.works B.succeeds C.fails D.matters第二節(jié)（共第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題 1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Therearemanyelectivecoursesforstudentstochoose 41. atmyuniversity, 42. fromarttozoology.Forinstance,Itookacourseontheharmonicathissemester.IthinktheelectivecoursesgivemeafeelingthatIcan’tgetfromcompulsorycourses.Forexample,whenIamboredwithlearningEnglish,Itakeouttheharmonicaandplayforawhile,andimmediatelyallmy 43. (bore)willgoaway.OneofmyroommateschosetotakeJapaneseasanelective,44.shebelieves45.(prove)usefultohercareer.Afterall,46.secondlanguagecanmakeherresumemoreattractive.SheismorepracticalthanIam,butI’dsaythatthe47.(major)ofstudentschoosetheirelectivesoutofpersonalinterests.Thereisno48.(deny)thefactthatelectivecoursescan49.(broad)ourhorizon.However,asthesayinggoes“Youcan’thaveyourcakeandeatit,too.”Weshouldn’tneglectthemajorcoursewearestudyingwhileimmersingourselvesinthe50.(please)wefindinelectivecourses.第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分 10分）10錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)∧，并在其下面寫出該加的詞刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。OnJanuary5th,studentsinourschoolvisitedRobotWorld,whichwesawagreatvarietyofrobot.Itwasamazedtofindthoserobotscoulddoagreatnumberofthingsjustlikerealpeople,includeplayingchess,playingpianoanddrawingpictures.What'smore,therobotsareindifferentkindsandshapes,whichmadeusenjoyable.Inaddition,thatexcitedmemostwastheshowgivenbyagroupofrobots.Theydancedjustasifweweredancersonthestage.ByvisitingRobotWorld,Ihavelearnedalotaboutrobots,especialabouttheirfunctionsandshapes.Thegreathumanwisdomissopowerfulthatitmakesustofeelmorecomfortabletoliveintheworld.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分 25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。TheMagicalGiftThenighthadprepareditsstarrysuitfortheduty.Anayah'shousewasdecoratedwithlights,otherfancythings.TodaywasAnayah'sseventhbirthday.Thebestpartofherbirthday'scelebrationshthatshegotlotsofgiftsfromherfriendsands.Whenalltheguestslefttheunwrappedgifts,fullofsurpriseandjoy.Finallyshefound