人教版初三(上)英語第26講：Unit-13語法(學(xué)生篇)

第26講Unit13語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、usedto句型、被動(dòng)語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）含義：表示正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。（2）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+現(xiàn)在分詞（be的形式隨主語的變化而變化）（3）基本用法：①表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。特征：常常與now或具體的時(shí)間連用，有時(shí)句中會(huì)有感官動(dòng)詞來提示，或通過上下文來暗示。②表示現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這類動(dòng)詞常常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常于atpresent,thisweek,thesedays等連用。③表示主語的特征、性格、能力等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（1）含義：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在還有影響。（2）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+過去分詞（3）基本用法：①表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。特征：不能與表示具體的時(shí)間狀語連用。②表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能繼續(xù)下去。常常與since,for,inthepast+時(shí)間名詞，inthelast+時(shí)間名詞等時(shí)間狀語連用，而且謂語動(dòng)詞要求是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。③表示一種“經(jīng)歷或體驗(yàn)”，即可以表示經(jīng)歷過也可以是從來都沒有經(jīng)歷過。被動(dòng)語態(tài)初中階段我們學(xué)習(xí)了七種被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，歸納如下：（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是被動(dòng)語態(tài)：am/is/are+過去分詞（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：have/has+been+過去分詞（3）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：am/is/are+being+過去分詞（4）一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：was/were+過去分詞（5）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：was/were+being+過去分詞（6）過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：had+been+過去分詞（7）一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：will/begoingtobe+過去分詞（8）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人對某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，如認(rèn)為“可能”、“應(yīng)當(dāng)”、“必要”等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，也沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。后面一般跟動(dòng)詞原形。usedto結(jié)構(gòu)usedto意為“過去常常做某事”，指的是過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，目的在于與現(xiàn)在形成對照。usedto是個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其中的to是不定式符號(hào)，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。在美式英語中。它的疑問式是：Did＋主語＋usetodosth．？否定式是：主語＋didn'tuse．．。在英式英語中，它的疑問式應(yīng)當(dāng)是：Used＋主語＋tosth．？否定式應(yīng)當(dāng)是usednotto或use（d）n'tto。Heusedtostayuplate.他過去常熬到很晚。1.(2013湖北宜昌)—Atpresent,oneofthebestwaystostudyisworkingingroups.—Morechances_______tostudentstolearnfromeachother.A.offer B.areoffered C.haveoffered D.areoffering2.(2013湖北隨州)–HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?—He______driveacar,butnowhe______theretoloseweight.A.usedto;isusedtowalk B.wasusedto;isusedtowalkingC.wasusedto;isusedtowalk D.usedto;isusedtowalking3.Hepromisedtopickmeupattheschoolgate.However,he_____yet.A.didn’tarrive B.doesn’tarrive C.isn’tarriving D.hasn’tarrived4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,___as“People’sWriter”.A.isregarded

B.hasregarded

C.isregarding

D.regards5.—MayIgooutnow,Dad?—No.You_____letyourmotherknowfirst.A.can B.may C.need D.Must基礎(chǔ)演練I.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Theoldmanused_____(be)ateacher.2.Weshould____(clean)theroomeveryday.3.Look!Tom____(sleep)inhisroom.4.Lotsoftrees____(plant)onthehilleveryyear.5.He_____(live)herefor20years.II.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.TheyhopetheycanvisittheGreatWalloneday.(改為同義句)8Theyhope_____________theGreatWalloneday.【：21···5】2.ShecanspeakbothEnglishandFrench.(改為同義句)Shecanspeak_____________English_______________French.【：0】3.Lilyusedtoplaytheviolin.（改為否定句）Lily_____________________playtheviolin.4.Myfatherdoesn’tallowmetousehiscomputer.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))I’m_______________________________hiscomputerbymyfather.5.Allmyclassmateslefttenminutesago.(改為同義句)6Allmyclassmates_______________________fortenminutes.鞏固提高I.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Helikeswatchingthechildren_________football.A.play

B.toplay C.playing D.playsy2.MostoftheyoungpeoplecanhardlyspeakanyChinese,________?A.canhe

B.can’the C.canthey

D.can’tthey3.They_________toTibetmanytimes.A.are

B.were

C.havebeen

D.hasbeen4.They______ahitCDinthelastsixmonths.A.make B.made C.wasmade D.havemade5.MyfriendfromAmericacalledmeyesterday.We__________forhours.A.chat

B.chatted C.havechatted

D.hadchatted34.–WhereisTom?--He__________playingbasketballontheplayground.A.isseen B.saw C.beseen D.wasseen6.Manyoldhousesaroundourschoolwillbe__downnextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A．thrown B．pulled C．broken D．put7.The

Olympic

Games

___________every

four

years.

A.

are

held

B.

were

held

C.are

holding

D.will

ho1d

8.Usually

computers

_____to

search

the

Internet.

A.

use

B.

are

using

C.

are

used

D.

used9.It

is

reported

that

more

new

teaching

buildings

_______

in

our

school

in

thenext

term.

A.

will

be

built

B.

was

built

C.

has

built D.

will

build

10.Don’t

discuss

the

problems

with

your

partner

unless

you

_________

to

do

so.

A.

ask

B.

are

asked

C.

will

ask

D.

will

be

askedII.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.“Don’tparkyourcarhere,”themantoldme.(改為間接引語)215Themantoldme____________________mycarhere.2.TomleftShanghaitwoweeksagobecauseofhisnewjob.(改為同義句)Tom_________________________fromShanghaitwoweeksagobecauseofhisnewjob.3.Hehascleanedtheroom.(改為被動(dòng)句)Theroom________________________byhim.4.Loudmusicmakesmewanttoleave.(改為被動(dòng)句)I___________________________wanttoleavebyloudmusic.5.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.(改為否定句)I______________myhomework_______.I.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—WhereisTom?—He______inhisroom.A.isreading B.reads C.read D.wasreading2.Herson_______Coke,butnowhe________milk.A.usedtodrink;isusedtodrinking B.usedtodrinking;drinksC.isusedtodrinking;usedtodrink D.isusedtodrink;isdrinking3.Myalarmclockdoesn’twork.Itneeds______.A.toberepaired B.repair C.torepair D.forrepairing4.Hisdeathwas_____byahighfever.A.spread B.caused C.got D.showed5.Hismother____aworkerinthatfactory.A.usedtobe B.used C.usedtobeing D.usedbe6.—Yourclassroomisveryclean.—Sure.It________afterschooleveryday.A.iscleaned B.cleans C.cleaned D.iscleaning7.—He’sneverstolenanythingbefore,_____he?—______.It’shissecondtimetobetakentothepolicestation.A.hasn’t;Yes B.has;Yes C.has;No D.is;No8.–Wereyouathome7o’clocklastnight?--Yes,I_____ashoweratthattime.A.took B.wastaking C.wastaken D.antaking9.–Howdotheydealwiththedangerousbuilding?--Thebuilding_____now.A.ispulleddown B.pulleddown C.isbeingsetup D.setup10.–Haveyouever____JinYong?--Ofcourse,averyfamouswriter,andheoncestudiedinQuzhou.A.heard B.hearing C.heardof D.heardfrom11.–HowoutingRitais!--SosheI,Butshe____veryshy.A.wasn’t B.is C.usedtobe D.hasbecome12.Iamwaitingformymom.______,I’llgoshoppingwithher.A.Ifshedoesn’tcomeB.IfshecomesC.IfshewillcomeD.Ifshewon’tcomeII.完形填空Howdidwehelptosaveourearththisweek?Letmetellyou.First,myfamilytriedtosaveelectricity(電).Weneverleftthelights

1

whenleavingtheroom.We

2

theTVwhennobodywaswatchingit.Mumonlyusedcoldwaterinthewashingmachine.

Second,westartedrecyclingthisweek.Wetriedtowriteon

3

ofourpaper,butnotjustononeside.Wealsodividedourrubbishinto

4

bagsforbottles,paperandfood.Mumkepttheplasticshoppingbags

fromthesupermarkettousethemagainasrubbishbags.

Third,myfamilystartedtosave

5.Westopped

6

longbathsandhadshortshowers(淋浴)

7

.Wewashedtoiletwithusedwater.Mumanddadusedlesswatertodothewashing.MysisterandIdidn'tleave

thetap(龍頭)runningwhenwebrushedourteeth.

Atlast,mumanddadbegantosavegas(汽油).Mumusedto

8

ustoschool,butnowmysisterandIstartedridingourbikestoschool.It'shardwork

9

exercise!

Thisweekdadandafewofthepeopleinhiscompanyalsostartedtogotoworkinonecarandshare

the

10

.

Thesearegreatwaystohelpprotectourenvironment.1.A.out

B.on

C.off

D.behind2.A.turnedup

B.turnedon

C.turneddown

D.turnedoff3.A.anyside

B.allsides

C.neitherside

D.bothsides4.A.large

B.small

C.different

D.thesame20.A.electricity

B.food

C.water

D.paper21.A.touse

B.making

C.tohave

D.taking22.A.again

B.instead

C.already

D.too23.A.drive

B.order

C.show

D.carry24.A.or

B.but

C.for

D.and25.A.pay

B.value

C.cost

D.price__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Ridingabicycleisagoodwaytoexerciseandcosts______.（江蘇單元測試）A.everything

B.something

C.anything

D.nothing2.Thenumberoftheendangeredanimals,forexamplethetiger,______byover40%inthepastfewyears.A.falls

B.hasfallen

C.fell

D.willfall3.Manypeoplestilleatsharkfinsoup______noscientificstudiessupportit’shealthyfood.（江蘇單元測試）A.but

B.while

C.although

D.if4.WWF______agreatgreenorganizationformanyvolunteerstoprotecttheanimals.（江蘇單元測試）A.considers

B.isconsidered

C.hasconsidered

D.isconsidering5.Idon’tthinkwe______usepapernapkinsanymore.（江蘇單元測試）A.must

B.might

C.may

D.should6.Manyfamousmoviestarsare______playingapartinsavingtheearth.（江蘇單元測試）A.knownfor

B.goodfor

C.fullof

D.insteadof7.—Canyou______theTV,Tom?

I’mreading.

（江蘇單元測試）—Sorry,mum.I’lldoitrightaway.A.turnon

B.turnup

C.turnover

D.turndown8.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearetryingtosavetheirenvironment.A.that

B.which

C.who

D.where9.Weshouldthrowrubbishinthebinsandkeepourclassroom______.A.clean

B.toclean

C.cleaned

D.cleaning10.Hewentintohisroom,______thelightandbegantowork.A.hasturnedon

B.willturnon

C.turnedon

D.turnson11.—WhereisLinda?—She______aTVprogramaboutamissingelephant.A.watches

B.willwatch

C.watched

D.iswatching12.The______wecareabouttheearth,the______ourenvironmentwillbe.A.less;more

B.more;better

C.less;better

D.more;less13.______peoplehelpedwiththeClean-upDaylastyear?A.Howmuch

B.Howoften

C.Howmany

D.Howfar14.Thoughthesebagsaremade_______oldclothes,theyarecuteandbeautiful.A.into

B.from

C.for

D.out15.Canyoutellme______herhouseoutofrubbish?A.whenAmyHayesbuilt

B.whendidAmyHayesbuildC.whendoesAmyHayesbuild

D.whenAmyHayesbuilds16..—Howdoyouthinkofthebook?--Itissuitable_____childrentoreadbecauseitisfullofpicturesandeducationalwords.A.to B.at C.for D.with17.Wecanhelptoeducatethepublic_____theenvironment.【4】A.aboutcaringfor B.ofcaringforC.abouttakingcare D.oflookingafter18.I______anexpensivegiftformybirthday,butIcouldno_____it.A.accepted;received B.received;acceptC.accepted;receive D.accepted;received19.TheChangjiangRiverisabout6,300kilometers______.A.long B.tall C.wide D.high20.______yearsago,verylargeanimalscalleddinosaurs____insomeareasoftheworld.A.Manymillion;havebeenliving B.Million;hadlivedC.Severalmillionsof;arealive D.Millions;hadlived21.–Yournewsweaterlooksbeautiful.Isit____purewool?--Yes,andit’s_____InnerMongolia.A.madeby;madein B.madeof;madeby C.madeof;madeinD.madefrom;madefrom22.–Helpyourselftomorefish.--______.I’vehadenough.【】A.Allright B.Itdoesn’tmatterC.No,thanks D.Thesametoyou23.–It’sraining,Daisy.Please_____anumbrellawithyou.--Thanks.I’llreturnittoyouwhenI_____nextweek.A.take;come B.take;willcomeC.bring;come D.bring;willcome24.–Dad,whyshouldIstop______computergames?--Foryourhealth,myboy,I’mafraidyou_____.A.toplay;must B.playing;haveto C.toplay;can D.playing;may25.–Jimwantstotakepartinthetorchrelay(火炬接力)ofthe2012OlympicGames.--________.A.SoIdo B.SodoI 7 C.NeitherdoID.NordoIII.閱讀理解AInstructions（1）Walkmore.Ifyou'regoingsomeplacecloseby,takeawalk.You'llstayinshapeandbelivinggreener.（2）Stayathome.Intoday'shightechandfastpacedsocietywemaygetboredeasily.Findthingstodoathometorelaxandgetbacktothebasicsratherthangoingouttoeat,shopping,ortraveling.Tryreadingabook,birdwatching,plantingagarden,flowers,orvolunteeringatalocalorganization.You'llsavemoneyandlivegreener.（3）Don'twaste.Trynottobuyorcookmorethanyou'lluse.Buyitemsmadefromrecycledmaterial.Recycleyourwaste.Twothirdsofyourrubbishshouldberecyclable.（4）Turndownyourthermostat（自動(dòng)恒溫器）andairconditioner.Youcansavemoneyonheatingandcoolingbillswhilehelpingtheenvironment.（5）Unplugappliancesthatarenotinuse.Leavingaradio,computer,hairdrier,orotheritemsplugged（插在插座上）inwhilenotinusewillstilluseelectricity.Unplugitemsthatarenotbeingused.You'llseeyourelectricbillgodowntoo!（6）Trynottoalwaysbuy,buy,buy!Makewhatyouhaveworkforyou.Arebuyingsomethingbecauseyouneeditorbecauseyouareboredwithwhatyouhave?（7）Asyourlightbulbsburnout,replacethemwithenergyefficient（節(jié)能的）ones.1.WhatisNOTtheadvantageofwalkingmore?A.Keepingagoodfigure

B.Doingexercise

C.Becominglazier

D.Livinggreener2.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Youshouldn’teatatarestaurantbutstayathome.B.Youcouldgoshoppingifyougetboredsometimes.C.Mostofyourrubbishcannotbereusedorrecycled.D.Youshouldknowyourrealneedbeforeyoubuyitems.3.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoLiveaGreenerLife

B.WaystoCutDownBillsC.InstructionsforaBetterLife

D.HowtoSaveourEarthBTherearemanykindsofheroes.Evenanimalscanbeheroes.Thismonth’snewslettertellsaboutthreeamazinganimals.Eachoneisahero!ThumpertheDogThumperwasadogthatlivedwithafamilywhichhadathree-year-oldsonnamedBenjamin.OnedayBenjaminwanderedintoalargefield.Thegrassinthefieldwastallerthanhewas,sohecouldnotfindhiswayout.HundredsofpeoplebegantosearchforBenjamin.Whentheyfoundhim,theysawThumperstayedwithBenjaminandkepthimwarm.SoBenjaminhadstayedsafeandcalm.LuluthePigTheAltsmanshadapetpignamedLulu.OnesummerthecouplewentcampingandtookLuluwiththem.Thehusbandwentfishingonemorning.Thewifedidn’tfeelwell,sosheandLulustayedinthecamper.SuddenlyMrs.Altsmanfelltothefloor.Lulupushedthecamperdooropenandclimbedouttolocatehelp.Whenacarcameby,shelaydowninfrontofit.Whenthedrivergotout,Lululedhimbacktothecamper.ThemancalledforhelpandMrs.Altsmanwastakentohospital.SugartheCatSugarwasabeautifulcat.ThreeyearsagoshewanderedontotheWoods’farminCaliforniaandMrs.Woodsbeganfeedingher.Mrs.Woodsnoticedsomethingwrongwiththecat’sleftleg,butthisdidn’tmakeSugaranylessspecial.Mrs.WoodslovedSugar.LaterthecouplemovedtoanewfarminOklahoma.TheygaveSugartoaneighborwhowouldtakegoodcareofher,becausetheyknewshewouldn’tlikeridingincarsfordays.However,Sugarwalkedacrossdesertsandmountainsandtraveledmorethan1,500milestotheWoods’newfarm!Mr.andMrs.Woodscouldhardlybelievetheireyes.NooneknowshowSugarfoundherwaytoOklahoma.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Lovelypigs.

B.Unknownheroes.

C.Newfriends.

D.Amazinganimals.2.HowdidThumperhelpBenjamin?A.Bysearchingforhiminthefield.

B.Byfindingthewayoutforhim.C.Bystayingwithhimallthetime.

D.Bycuttingthegrassaroundhim.3.WhydidLululiedownontheroad?A.Togethelp.

B.Towatchthecars.

C.Tohaveasleep.

D.Toaskforalift.4.WhatdidSugardointhestory?A.Sugartriedtofindhelp.

B.Sugarprotectedherowners.C.Sugarwentcampingwithherowners.

D.Sugarwentalongwaytofindherowners.CCookingKillsFourMillionPeopleaYearPollutedairborneparticles（大氣懸浮顆粒）kill7millionpeopleayear,reportstheWorldHealthOrganization.ThatnewsmaynotcomeasasurprisetoanyonewhohasseenimagesofchimneysinBeijing,DelhiorMexico.Butthosefactories—oreventhejammedroadwaysofmoderncities—arenotthebiggestkiller.Eachyear,some4.3millionpeopledieearlierthantheyshouldbecauseofpollutedairinsidetheirhomes,saystheWHO.What’scausingtheairinsidepeople’shomestobesopoisonousthatitkillsaround11,000peopleaday?Stoves.“Havinganopenfireinyourkitchenislikeburning400cigarettesanhour.”saysKirkSmith,aprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,whoseresearchsuggeststhathouseholdairpollutionfromcookingkilledbetween3.5millionand4millionpeoplein2013.Notallstovescausethiskindofharm.TheonesSmith’stalkingaboutarethosethatthe3billionpeopleinthedevelopingworlduseforheatandcooking,whichburnsolidfuelssuchaswood,coal,orcropwasteinsteadofgas.Thesmokefromthosefiresproducesharmfulfineparticlesandcarbonmonoxideintohomes.Poorventilationthenpreventsthatsmokefromescaping,raisingfineparticlelevels100timeshigherthanthelimitsthattheWHOconsidersacceptable.Breathingthisairdayindayoutfinallycausesalotofdiseases:morethanathirdofthe4.3milliondieofastroke,whileaquarterdieofheartdisease.Andaroundone-thirdofannuallungdiseasedeathsworldwideareduetowastefromcoalstoves.Exposuretendstobeextremelyharmfulforthepeoplewhospendthemosttimearoundthefire—usuallywomenandyoungchildren.Infact,theWHOreportsthathouseholdairpollutionalmostdoublestheriskforchildhoodlungdisease.1.AccordingtoKirkSmith’sresearch,________.A.factoriesarethebiggestkillerworldwidenowadaysB.burning400cigarettesanhourisextremelydangerousC.householdairpollutionfromcookingissurprisinglyharmfulD.some4.3millionpeopledieearliereachyearthantheyshould2.Whatshouldbethedeadlykillerinahouseholdkitchen?A.Solidfuels.

B.Coalstoves.

C.Poorgas.

D.Cookingsmoke.3.Theunderlinedword“ventilation”inParagraph4probablymeans________.A.airing

B.cooking

C.burning

D.cooling4.Theauthorintendstotellpeople________.A.howtoavoidpollutedairintheirhomesB.tostopcookinginthehouseholdkitchenC.toguardagainsthouseholdpollutionfromcookingD.howtopreventchildhoodlungdiseasesinhouseholdIII.任務(wù)型閱讀Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer（節(jié)儉的消費(fèi)者）isonewaytohelp.But,whatexactlydoesthatmean?UseItUpYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeezethatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap.Don'tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomofthebox.WearItOutYoudonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakershavebrokenlaces,buttheystillfityou.Repairthemandwearthemlonger.Youdon'thavethelatestiPhoneuntiltheoldonedoesn'tworkanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone.Thinktwicebeforereplacingsomethingthatstillworks.MakeItDo

Whensomethingyouwantisnotonhand,look