安徽省皖南八校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下4月第三次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省皖南八校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下4月第三次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15〖答案〗是C。1.Wheremightthemanbe?A.Inapool. B.Inaboat. C.Inabath.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Idon’tlikethis.IfeellikeI’msinking.AreyousureI’llbeOK?W:You’redoingjustfine.Justkeepkickingyourlegs,andpushingoutwithyourarms.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sperformance?A.Disappointing. B.Boring. C.Satisfactory.〖答案〗C〖解析〗W:Youdidagreatjobtoday,Jack.Iheardyoumadeaverybigimpressiononthestudents.M:Thankyouforgivingmetheopportunity.Ireallylikethisschool.Pleasekeepmeinmindifyoueverneedsomeoneagain.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn’tliketheshirt.B.Theshirtmightbetight.C.Thereceiptgotmissing.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Andy,Iboughtashirtforyou.M:Thankyou.Ihopeyoukeptthereceipt.I’veputonsomeweight.4.Whydidthepoliceofficerstopthewoman?A.Becauseofthedrivingspeed.B.Becauseofthelicenseproblem.C.Becauseofthebrokentaillight.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Goodafternoon.CouldIpleaseseeyourlicense?W:Ohno.Isthereanissue?I’msureIwasdrivingunderthelimit.M:Nothingserious,butitlookslikeyourtaillightisout.5.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Confident. B.Nervous. C.Excited.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:I’mnotsureifIcandothis.Whatifpeopledislikemyperformance?W:Youneedtostopgettingsoupset!Stopworryingaboutwhatpeoplethinksomuch.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hisfriend’svisit.B.Lossofhisfriend.C.Hispoorcooking.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Downloadanapp.B.Cookuniquecuisines.C.Gooutwithhisfriend.〖答案〗6.C7.A〖解析〗M:Lucy,oneofmylong-lostfriendswillcomearoundtohaveamealwithme.Afterwards,wewillhangoutinthewalkingdistrictnearby.W:Sowillyoudineout?M:Nope,Iwillcookforher,butmycookingwillsurelyupsether.W:Don’tworryandIrecommendaveryusefulapp,definitelyahitrecently.M:Wow,couldyoutellmethenameofit?W:Noproblem.ItiscalledSweetisine,integratingtheword“sweet”and“cuisine”.Anditofferssomanyrecipestochoosefrom.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Wheredoesthewomanworkfull-time?A.Inacompany.B.Inasupermarket.C.Atakindergarten.9.Whatrequirementcan’tthewomanmeet?A.Theage.B.Workexperience.C.Muchovertime.〖答案〗8.B9.C〖解析〗M:Anythinginterestinginthenewspaper?W:I’mnotreadingnews.I’mlookingatthejobinformation.M:Why?Aren’tyouworkingatthesupermarketnow?W:Yes.Butthesupermarketwillbeclosednextweek.NowIneedanewjob.M:I’msosorrytohearthat.Haveyoufoundanyusefuljobinformation?W:Yes.Acompanyislookingforasaleswoman.Itneedsawomanunder35yearsold,withatleastthreeyears’workexperience.M:Doyouwanttohaveatry?W:Yes.Imeettherequirements.Oh,no.Itsaysalotofovertimeworkisrequired.M:Youdon’twanttoworkovertime?W:No,Idon’t.IfIworkovertime,I’llhavelittletimeformypart-timeworkatthekindergarten.I’lllookforsomemoreinformation.HopefullyI’llfindasatisfyingjob.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatkindofjeansdoesthemanwant?A.Slim. B.Relaxed. C.Regular.11.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouttheblackjeans?A.Thedesign. B.Thematerial. C.Thecolor.12.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Tryonthejeans. B.Makeapayment. C.Gotoanotherstore.〖答案〗10.C11.B12.A〖解析〗W:CanIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes.I’dliketobuyapairofjeans.W:Isee.Whatstyledoyouwant:slim,regularorrelaxed?M:I’dlikearegularfit.Andmysizeis32.W:Justamoment.Howaboutthisblackpair?M:Ilikethedesignandthecolor,butitfeelsrough.Iprefersomethingcomfortable.W:Thenwhatdoyousayaboutthisdarkbluepair?M:Itseemsperfect.Howmuchisit?W:$105.Andthefittingroomisoverthere.M:OK.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Thepopularityofthetopic.B.Thelimitedtimeforthepresentation.C.Theamountofinformationtoprepare.14.Whatisthefirstmainpointofthepresentation?A.Waysofhelpingbees.B.Theimportanceofbees.C.Problemsaffectingbeestoday.15.WhatisMr.Lee?A.Ateacher. B.Aphotographer. C.Areporter.16.What’sadvisedtobeaddedtothepresentationbytheman?A.Diagrams. B.Statistics. C.Photos.〖答案〗13.B14.B15.A16.C〖解析〗W:OK,soourtopicforthepresentationisbees.Howmanymainpointsdowehave?M:Three.W:There’salotofinformation,butweonlyhaveeightminutes.M:Ithinkwecanorganizethewholepresentationaroundourthreemainpoints.W:Shouldwestartbyshowingthatbeesareanimportantnaturalresource?Theyhelpplantsreproduce.Withoutbees,alotofcropswouldbemoreexpensivetogrow.M:Let’smakethatclearsopeopleunderstandwhyweallneedbees.W:Now,Ifoundareportthatsaysalotofbeesaredyingrightnow.Thereporthasalotofstatisticsaboutpopulationnumbers.Shouldweusethat?M:Well,I’mworriedthosestatisticsmightbeconfusing.Mr.Leesaidwehavetomakeourpresentationbriefandtothepoint,andthat’simportantforourgrades.W:OK.Maybewecouldjustputsomeofthestatisticsinadiagram.M:Let’sdothat.Andwecouldshowsomephotosofbees.W:Goodidea.M:Soforthelastpart,wecouldmakealistofwhatpeoplecandotohelpbees.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.HowdidPenangToyMuseumentertheMalaysianBookofRecords?A.IthasthebiggesttoyinMalaysia.B.It’sthelargestmuseuminMalaysia.C.It’sthefirsttoymuseuminMalaysia.18.Whendidtheownergethisfirsttoy?A.In1973. B.In2000. C.In2005.19.WhatdoweknowabouttheGundamrobot?A.It’sfromMalaysia.B.It’scheapandordinary.C.It’s180centimeterstall.20.HowmanyhoursisthemuseumopenonSaturday?A.6. B.9. C.12.〖答案〗17.C18.A19.C20.B〖解析〗M:Asthelargestofitskindintheworld,PenangToyMuseumhasover110,000toys,dollsandotherfunthings.IthasalsoenteredtheMalaysianBookofRecordsforbeingthefirsttoymuseuminthecountry.Themuseum,openedin2005,wasfoundedbyLohLeanCheng.Hesaiditallbeganwithhisloveoftoys.HestartedtocollecttoysaftervisitingtheLondonToyandModelMuseumattheageof19.Startingfromthefirsttoythatheboughtin1973,thecollectionhasjustkeptongrowingandgrowing.Today,youcanfindalmosteverythingabouttoyshere.AccordingtoLohLeanCheng,someofhistoysarelimitededitions.Oneofthemostexpensivethingsinthemuseumisa1.8-metertallGundamrobotfromJapan.Therearemoretoycollectionstobeadded,accordingtotheownerwhoreceivesabout1000to2000visitorsperday.IfyougotoMalaysia,don’tforgettogoandhavealookatthetoys.Themuseumisopendailyfrom9:00a.m.to6:00p.m.,includingweekendsandpublicholidays.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AApplyforthe2024—2025SchoolYearWearethrilledthatyouareconsideringMaristSchoolforyourchild’snextchapter.Maristhastwoprimaryentrypointsforstudentsin7thand9thgradestowhichwetypicallyaccept150and50studentsrespectively.MaristSchoolutilizesRavenna,anapplicationmanagementapp,forallaspectsoftheadmissionsprocess.ThroughRavenna,parentscanaccesstheMaristapplication,submitsupportingmaterials,trackapplicationstatus,andviewadmissiondecisions.Ourapplicationforthe2024—2025schoolyearwillbeavailablelateSeptemberwithadeadlineonJanuary18,2024.Importantly,MaristcontinuestorequiretheSSATaspartoftheapplicationprocess.OnSaturday,January6,2024,MaristwillserveasacommunitytestsitefortheSSAT.ThisisthelastnationaltestingdaypriortoourapplicationdeadlinewhenafirstsetofSSATscoresisdue.ImportantDatesSeptember2023—March2024MaristSchooladmissionseventsLateSeptember2023Marist2024—2025applicationavailableinRavennaOctober2023—January2024RequiredSSATtestingDecember3,2023OpenHouseJanuary18,2024DeadlinetoapplytoMarist;preliminary(初步的)applicationandfee,parentandstudentquestionnaires,andafirstsetofSSATscoresaredueFebruary1,2024DeadlineforMaristtoreceiveanyoutstandingsupplementalmaterials;transcripts,teacherandadministratorevaluations,andparish/churchverificationformaredueFebruary12,2024DeadlinetosubmitseparatetuitionassistanceapplicationMarch30,2024AAAIScommonnotificationdateApril11,2024Deadlinetorespondtoofferofadmission21.What’sthetext?A.Abrochureofadmission. B.Aschoolcalender.C.Ascheduleoflectures. D.Atimetableofstudent.22.WhenisitunabletoapplyforMaristSchool?A.LateOctober,2023. B.December,2023.C.AtChristmasof2023. D.LateJanuary,2024.23.Whichistherightwaytosubmittheapplication?A.Inperson. B.Bypost. C.Online D.Onrecommendation.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇關(guān)于MaristSchool2024—2025學(xué)年的申請(qǐng)通知。通知中提供了關(guān)于申請(qǐng)流程、截止日期和重要日期的詳細(xì)信息。〖答案〗21.A22.D23.C【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Maristhastwoprimaryentrypointsforstudentsin7thand9thgradestowhichwetypicallyaccept150and50studentsrespectively.(Marist為7年級(jí)和9年級(jí)的學(xué)生提供了兩個(gè)主要入學(xué)點(diǎn)，我們通常分別接受150名和50名學(xué)生。)”及全文信息可知，本文主要講述了Marist學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年的招生要求和安排，即一份招生簡(jiǎn)章。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ourapplicationforthe2024—2025schoolyearwillbeavailablelateSeptemberwithadeadlineonJanuary18,2024.(我們2024-2025學(xué)年的申請(qǐng)將于9月下旬提交，截止日期為2024年1月18日。)”可知，2024年一月下旬無(wú)法報(bào)名申請(qǐng)Marist學(xué)校。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“MaristSchoolutilizesRavenna,anapplicationmanagementapp,forallaspectsoftheadmissionsprocess.(Marist學(xué)校利用申請(qǐng)管理應(yīng)用程序Ravenna進(jìn)行招生過(guò)程的各個(gè)方面。)”可知，MaristSchool2024—2025學(xué)年整個(gè)招生錄取工作是通過(guò)在指定app上進(jìn)行操作，即在線提交申請(qǐng)。故選C項(xiàng)。BLikemanynewgraduates,IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothat.That’swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.Iknewitwouldbealotofhardwork,andthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.Inshort,IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportforduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbuja,Nigeria.Where?What?Nigeria?Ihadnoidea.ButIwasabouttofindout.Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,food,andheartsasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage,andreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.24.WhydidthewriterenterfortheLighthouseProject?A.Becausehismajorwasconnectedwithit.B.Becausehewasextremelyfamiliarwithit.C.Becausehewantedtomaketheworldabetterplace.D.Becausenewgraduateshadtoworkforitaftergraduation.25.Howwasthewriter’sapplicationprocess?A.Awkward. B.Complex.C.Entertaining. D.Effortless.26.Whatdidthewriterdointhevillage?A.Workingasateacher.B.Helpingvillagersbuildhospitals.C.Raisingmoneyforhisstudents.D.InvitinglocalstoenterhisProject.27.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ALife-changingVoluntaryExperienceB.TheMemorableandRewardinglifeinAbujaC.LighthouseProject—ThePromiseofAfricanEducationD.LighthouseProject—aVolunteerOrganizationforNewGraduates【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述的是作者從事“燈塔計(jì)劃”志愿者的經(jīng)歷以及作者的感悟?！即鸢浮?4.C25.B26.A27.A【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段“IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothat.That’swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.(我知道我想以某種方式改變世界，但我不知道該怎么做。那時(shí)我才知道了燈塔計(jì)劃。)”可知，作者大學(xué)畢業(yè)后想要有所作為，但又苦于無(wú)從做起，于是選擇了LighthouseProject。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.(然而，最終，我贏得了家人的支持，我遞交了申請(qǐng)所需的所有文件。經(jīng)過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)的面試和陳述，我成功地從眾多候選人中脫穎而出，獨(dú)自通過(guò)了考試。)”和第四段“Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.(完成訓(xùn)練后，我被送到一個(gè)非常需要適當(dāng)住所的小村莊。)”可知，作者從申請(qǐng)到最終被錄取需要提交文件、多次的面試和演講、測(cè)試和培訓(xùn)，可謂時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，環(huán)節(jié)多，由此可知，作者申請(qǐng)的過(guò)程相當(dāng)復(fù)雜。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.(我被要求帶領(lǐng)一小隊(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝私ㄔ煲凰滦Ｉ?。在接下?lái)的一年左右的時(shí)間里，我在同一所學(xué)校教書。)”可知，作者幫助村民建學(xué)校，并在那里教書。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)尾段中的“TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.(燈塔計(jì)劃永遠(yuǎn)地改變了我的生活。)”可知，作者畢業(yè)后加入LighthouseProject這一組織，經(jīng)培訓(xùn)后被派往非洲尼日尼亞的一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村支教，雖然那里生活和工作條件艱苦，但是那里的人們善良且友好，朝夕相處中，作者了解了那里的人、事、物，自己也發(fā)生了改變，這段志愿支教經(jīng)歷對(duì)作者的人生產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，由此可知，標(biāo)題“改變?nèi)松闹驹附?jīng)歷”概括了文章的內(nèi)容，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CDroughtisanincreasingprobleminourwarmingworld.Allcontinentshavebeenexperiencingmoreextendedperiodswithoutrain,leadingtoforestfiresandpoorcropgrowth.Consequently,peoplearelookingatcloudseedingtosolvetheproblem—amethodofencouragingprecipitation(降水)bysendingsmallparticlesofcertainchemicalsintoclouds.Cloud-seedingexpertArlenHugginshasbeenstudyingitseffectiveness.“Myearliestexperiencewastousecloudseedingtoreducetheamountofhail(冰雹)innortheastColorado.Wedidn’thaveanyluckwiththat,butwehadsuccesslateroninincreasingsnowfallinUtah.Now,thefocusisshiftingtowardsincreasingrainfallfromsummerclouds,whichisfarmoreunpredictable.”saidhe.Theproblemisthatit’sprettyhardtoknowwhetherprecipitationresulteddirectlyfromcloudseeding.Itmighthaverainedorsnowedanyway.Evenifyoupracticecloudseedinginoneplaceanddon’tinanother,it’simpossibletoknowforsurewhatcausedtheprecipitation.“Ascloudseedingisexpensiveanditseffectivenessuncertain,itsusefulnessisstillamatterofopinion,”saysKatjaFriedrich,aresearcherofUniversityofColorado.Additionally,it’snotduringfoggyandsnowyconditionsthatpeoplethinkofincreasingthechanceofrainfall.Whenacountryishitbydrought,thencloudseedingisn’tanoptionduetothelackofclouds.Duringdrought,skiestendtobeclearwithfewclouds.Thebestoptiontopreventdroughtistoseedattimesoftheyearwhenrainfalllevelsarenormalorhigher.Therearealsoenvironmentalissuesregardingtheimpactofcloudseeding.Athighlevels,thechemicalssentintothecloudscanharmhumansandotheranimals,andsomestudieshavefoundthemslightlypoisonous.Apartfromthat,someenvironmentalistsareconcernedaboutthelong-termimpacts,asthereisn’tdataonhowmuchthosechemicalsaccumulateintheenvironmentover10years.28.Whatisthepurposeofcloudseeding?A.Toincreasegrainoutput.B.Toslowdownglobalwarming.C.Toreducechemicalsintheair.D.Todealwithdryandrain-freeweather.29.HowisArlenHuggins’earliestexperienceinParagraph2?A.It’seffective. B.It’sunsuccessful.C.It’ssatisfying. D.It’sfruitful.30.WhatisKatjaFriedrich’sattitudetowardscloudseeding?A.Favourable. B.Opposed.C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Droughtcurrentlyposestheonlythreattoforestsandcrops.B.Rainmakinginanyweatherwillcometrueinthenearfuture.C.Researchersnowcannottellifrainfallisbroughtbycloudseeding.D.Chemicalssentintothecloudswillbecomelesspoisonousovertime.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要討論了干旱成為全球變暖環(huán)境下的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，而“人工降雨”被認(rèn)為是解決干旱問(wèn)題的一種方法。然而，人工降雨的效果難以確定，并且存在環(huán)境問(wèn)題和水資源分配問(wèn)題。因此，雖然云霧處理可能會(huì)在一些條件下對(duì)緩解干旱有一定益處，但其實(shí)用性和可行性仍有待討論?！即鸢浮?8.D29.B30.D31.C【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Droughtisanincreasingprobleminourwarmingworld.Allcontinentshavebeenexperiencingmoreextendedperiodswithoutrain,leadingtoforestfiresandpoorcropgrowth.Consequently,peoplearelookingatcloudseedingtosolvetheproblem—amethodofencouragingprecipitation(降水)bysendingsmallparticlesofcertainchemicalsintoclouds.(在我們?nèi)找孀兣氖澜缋?，干旱是一個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。所有大陸都經(jīng)歷了更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的無(wú)雨期，導(dǎo)致森林火災(zāi)和作物生長(zhǎng)不良。因此，人們正在研究人工增雨來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題——一種通過(guò)將某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的小顆粒送入云層來(lái)鼓勵(lì)降水的方法。)”可知，人工降雨是為了能應(yīng)對(duì)干旱無(wú)雨的天氣。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Myearliestexperiencewastousecloudseedingtoreducetheamountofhail(冰雹)innortheastColorado.Wedidn’thaveanyluckwiththat,butwehadsuccesslateroninincreasingsnowfallinUtah.Now,thefocusisshiftingtowardsincreasingrainfallfromsummerclouds,whichisfarmoreunpredictable.(我最早的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是在科羅拉多州東北部使用播云來(lái)減少冰雹的數(shù)量。我們運(yùn)氣不好，但后來(lái)我們?cè)讵q他州的降雪量不斷增加的情況下取得了成功。現(xiàn)在，焦點(diǎn)正轉(zhuǎn)向夏季云層帶來(lái)的降雨量增加，這一點(diǎn)更不可預(yù)測(cè)。)”可知，ArlenHuggins最初是想用人工降雨的方法來(lái)減少美國(guó)科羅拉多州北部下冰雹的數(shù)量，遺憾的是運(yùn)氣不好，即失敗了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Ascloudseedingisexpensiveanditseffectivenessuncertain,itsusefulnessisstillamatterofopinion,(由于播云成本高昂，其有效性也不確定，因此其有用性仍有待商榷，)”可知，KatjaFriedrich認(rèn)為人工降雨的做法代價(jià)高且效果不確定，是有待商榷的，即對(duì)其是持懷疑態(tài)度的。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theproblemisthatit’sprettyhardtoknowwhetherprecipitationresulteddirectlyfromcloudseeding.Itmighthaverainedorsnowedanyway.Evenifyoupracticecloudseedinginoneplaceanddon’tinanother,it’simpossibletoknowforsurewhatcausedtheprecipitation.(問(wèn)題是，很難知道降水是否直接來(lái)自云層播種。不管怎樣，可能已經(jīng)下雨或下雪了。即使你在一個(gè)地方練習(xí)播云，而在另一個(gè)地方不練習(xí)，也不可能確切地知道是什么導(dǎo)致了降水。)”可知，研究人員現(xiàn)在無(wú)法判斷降雨是否是由云層播種帶來(lái)的。故選C項(xiàng)。DWhatdoesitmeantobeintelligent?Ifit’sdefinedbyhavingthebiggestbrain,thenspermwhales(抹香鯨)—whosebrainis20pounds—wouldbethebrightestcreaturesonEarth.But,morelikely,it’showabrainiswired.Viewedinthisway,intelligenceiswhatgivesanorganismthebestchancetosurviveinanenvironment.Languagemaybeoneofthebestwaystodemonstratethatkindofsmarts.“Languageallowinghumanstobeamoreadvancedspeciesisahypothesisthatsomebodycameupwithonedaywithoutreallytryingtoproveit,”saysErichJarvis,aprofessorwhostudiestheneuro-biologyofvocallearning.“Theideastuckaround,butsohaveothercommonbeliefsthatarenotreallysupportedwithevidence,”hepointsout.Togetabettergraspofvocallearningandcognition,thestudyauthorsturnedtosongbirds.Theteamperformedsevencognitiveexperimentson214songbirdsfrom23differentspecies.Ofthese,21specieswerecaughtfromthewild.Theresttwostudiedaredomesticated(家養(yǎng)的).Thebehavioraltestsexaminedthebirds’problemsolving,forinstance,figuringouthowtoremoveanobjecttoaccessthefoodreward.Theresearchersalsotestedtwootherskillsoftenassociatedwithintelligence:learningbyassociation,pluswhat’scalledreversal(倒轉(zhuǎn)的)learning,inwhichananimaladjustsitsbehaviortogetareward.Theythenlookedatwhetherbeingvocallearnershelpeddevelopthethreeskills,comparing21birdspeciestotwootherswhichwerenon-vocallearners.Jarvis’newstudyprovidessomeofthefirstevidencethatvocallearning—oneofthecrucialcomponentsforaspokenlanguage—isassociatedwithproblemsolving.Vocallearningbirdspeciescouldcomeupwithinnovativeideas,suchasgettingseeds,orcatchingawormtrappedunderacupbyremovingtheobstacleorpullingitapart.Allthreeabilities—problemsolving,associativelearning,andreversallearning—aretypicallyconsidered“componentsofintelligence,”hesays.“Onequestionleftunanswerediswhythere’ssuchastrongrelationshipbetweenproblem-solvingabilitiesandvocallearning.Thebrainareasinchargeofvocallearningarenotthesameonesthatgetactivatedwhenweneedtotroubleshoot(分析解決)anissue,”saysMichaelGoldstein,aprofessorofpsychologyatCornellUniversitywhostudiesvocallearninginsongbirdsandhumansbutwasnotinvolvedinthestudy.32.WhichcanprobablydefineintelligenceaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Language. B.Brainsize.C.Brainstructure. D.Environment.33.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph2mean?A.Guarantee. B.Assumption.C.Category. D.Distribution.34.WhatareParagraphs3&4mainlyabout?A.Habitsofsongbirds.B.Methodsofdomesticatingsongbirds.C.Outlineofthestudy.D.Threephasesofdisplayingintelligence.35.Whatmaythetexttalkaboutnext?A.Themechanismthatbridgesallthebrainregions.B.Thefunctionsofthebrainareasthatcantroubleshootissues.C.Thereasonswhysongbirds’intelligencecannotdevelopfurther.D.Thereasonswhyvocallearninginfluenceproblem-solvingabilities.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，語(yǔ)音學(xué)習(xí)與解決問(wèn)題的能力密切相關(guān)。文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了介紹?！即鸢浮?2.C33.B34.C35.D【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前三句“Whatdoesitmeantobeintelligent?Ifit’sdefinedbyhavingthebiggestbrain,thenspermwhales(抹香鯨)—whosebrainis20pounds—wouldbethebrightestcreaturesonEarth.But,morelikely,it’showabrainiswired.(智力意味著什么？如果它的定義是擁有最大的大腦，那么抹香鯨——它的大腦有20磅重——將是地球上最聰明的生物。但更有可能的，是大腦的連接方式。)”可知，大腦結(jié)構(gòu)可能定義智力。故選C?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“somebodycameupwithonedaywithoutreallytryingtoproveit(有人在某天提出的，卻沒(méi)有真正去證明它)”可知，此處是指有人提出的一個(gè)假設(shè)，所以hypothesis意為“假設(shè)”。故選B。【34題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Togetabettergraspofvocallearningandcognition,thestudyauthorsturnedtosongbirds.Theteamperformedsevencognitiveexperimentson214songbirdsfrom23differentspecies.(為了更好地掌握聲樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí)和認(rèn)知，研究作者轉(zhuǎn)向了鳴禽。研究小組對(duì)來(lái)自23個(gè)不同物種的214只鳴禽進(jìn)行了7項(xiàng)認(rèn)知實(shí)驗(yàn)。)”和第四段第一句“Jarvis’newstudyprovidessomeofthefirstevidencethatvocallearning—oneofthecrucialcomponentsforaspokenlanguage—isassociatedwithproblemsolving.(Jarvis的新研究首次提供了一些證據(jù)，證明語(yǔ)音學(xué)習(xí)——口語(yǔ)的關(guān)鍵組成部分之一——與解決問(wèn)題有關(guān)。)”可知，第三段和第四段介紹了這項(xiàng)新研究的方法和結(jié)果，即研究的梗概。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Onequestionleftunanswerediswhythere’ssuchastrongrelationshipbetweenproblem-solvingabilitiesandvocallearning.(有一個(gè)問(wèn)題沒(méi)有得到解答，那就是為什么解決問(wèn)題的能力和語(yǔ)音學(xué)習(xí)之間存在如此密切的關(guān)系。)”可知，文章接下來(lái)有可能討論語(yǔ)音影響解決問(wèn)題能力的原因。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Readingisanexerciseforthemind.Itisgoodforourvocabularyandliteracyskills,teachingusmathorscienceconceptsandhelpinguslearnhistory.Apartfromthose,readinghasanotherbenefit.Haveyoureadastoryandfelttearswellupbecauseofacharacter’ssuffering?Ifso,thatisbecauseyouhaveempathy(共情)forthecharacter.____36____Researchshowsthathumanbrainsreactdifferentlytostoriesandfacts.____37____Inaddition,yourbrainthinksyouareinthestory,whichmeansyouexperiencethecharacters’thoughtsasiftheywerereal.____38____Thisskill,calledemotionalintelligence(EI),canmakeiteasiertocommunicateandconnectwithpeople.Researchshowsthatbuildingthisintelligencecanleadtogreatertolerance.OnestudyfoundthatpeoplewhoreadtheHarryPotternovels,whichtellstoriesabouthumansfightingagainsttheevil,werelesslikelytobehaveunfairlytowardspowerlessgroupsincludingrefugees(難民).ThistheoryofEIhasbeenputintopracticeinschools.AfterreadingTheBoyattheBackoftheClass,astoryaboutaboywhoisarefugeeescapingfromthewar,studentsinStMichael’sHighSchoolwereinspiredtodoa10-milewalkforthenon-profitorganization—RefugeeAction.____39________40____Notonlyarewemorelikelytoengageinhelpfulbehaviorswhenwefeelempathyforotherpeople,butothersarealsomorelikelytohelpuswhentheyexperienceempathy.Forsocietytodevelop,communicativeandempatheticindividualsreallymatter.A.Inaway,allthisincreasesourabilitytoreadwell.B.Thispermitspeopletolimittheiremotionsthatothersarefeeling.C.Manymoreareasofyourbrainlightupwhenyou’reenjoyingastory.D.Italsostimulatedthemtoraise￡1,000forthehomelesscausedbywar.E.Readingencouragesustoempathizewithothers,whichcouldbebeneficial.F.Empathyhelpsyoutoreadpeople’semotionsandworkoutthebestwaytorespond.G.Ithelpsyouseeintootherpeople’sheartsandcanbelearnedthroughvariousstories.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了研究表明閱讀可以幫助培養(yǎng)同理心，這是有益的?！即鸢浮?6.G37.C38.F39.D40.E【36題詳析】上文“Haveyoureadastoryandfelttearswellupbecauseofacharacter’ssuffering?Ifso,thatisbecauseyouhaveempathy(共情)forthecharacter.(你是否讀過(guò)一個(gè)故事，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人物的痛苦而熱淚盈眶？如果是這樣，那是因?yàn)槟銓?duì)角色有共情。)”提到“共情”，結(jié)合諸選項(xiàng)信息可知，G選項(xiàng)“它可以幫助你看到別人的心，可以通過(guò)不同的故事來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。”契合語(yǔ)境，該句就是對(duì)上文“empathy”進(jìn)行說(shuō)明和解釋，“it”指代“empathy”，“stories”呼應(yīng)上文“story”。故選G。【37題詳析】根據(jù)本段首句“Researchshowsthathumanbrainsreactdifferentlytostoriesandfacts.(研究表明，人類大腦對(duì)故事和事實(shí)的反應(yīng)是不同的。)”可知，本段主要談?wù)撊说拇竽X會(huì)根據(jù)不同的故事和事實(shí)產(chǎn)生不同的反應(yīng)；C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你在欣賞一個(gè)故事時(shí)，你的大腦會(huì)有更多的區(qū)域被激活。”也是談?wù)摦?dāng)人閱讀時(shí)大腦的反應(yīng)，契合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?8題詳析】下文“Thisskill,calledemotionalintelligence(EI),canmakeiteasiertocommunicateandconnectwithpeople.(這種技能被稱為情商，可以讓你更容易與人溝通和聯(lián)系。)”講述情感智力這項(xiàng)技能能夠使溝通和與人建立聯(lián)系更容易，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“同理心可以幫助你讀懂別人的情緒并想出最佳方式來(lái)回應(yīng)?！逼鹾险Z(yǔ)境，下文Thisskill指代F項(xiàng)中的Empathy。故選F?！?9題詳析】上文“AfterreadingTheBoyattheBackoftheClass,astoryaboutaboywhoisarefugeeescapingfromthewar,studentsinStMichael’sHighSchoolwereinspiredtodoa10-milewalkforthenon-profitorganization—RefugeeAction.(在讀完《教室后面的男孩》后，圣邁克爾高中的學(xué)生們受到啟發(fā)，為非營(yíng)利組織‘難民行動(dòng)’進(jìn)行了10英里的步行活動(dòng)。這本書講述了一個(gè)逃離戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的男孩的故事。)”進(jìn)一步舉例說(shuō)在讀了《教室后面的男孩》這本書后，圣邁克爾高中的學(xué)生的反應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)D“這也促使他們?yōu)橐驊?zhàn)爭(zhēng)而無(wú)家可歸的人籌集了1000英鎊。”也是在談?wù)摲磻?yīng)：促使他們?yōu)橐驊?zhàn)亂而無(wú)家可歸之人募集一千英鎊，因而契合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?0題詳析】由本空所在位置可知，此處為段首句，總括全段信息，下文“Notonlyarewemorelikelytoengageinhelpfulbehaviorswhenwefeelempathyforotherpeople,butothersarealsomorelikelytohelpuswhentheyexperienceempathy.Forsocietytodevelop,communicativeandempatheticindividualsreallymatter.(當(dāng)我們對(duì)他人感同身受時(shí)，我們不僅更有可能做出有益的行為，而且當(dāng)他人感同身受時(shí)，他們也更有可能幫助我們。為了社會(huì)的發(fā)展，善于溝通和善解人意的個(gè)人真的很重要。)”談?wù)摦?dāng)我們對(duì)他人感同身受時(shí)，我們不僅更有可能做出有益的行為，而且當(dāng)他人感同身受時(shí)，他們也更有可能幫助我們，是在講述共情對(duì)人有益。由此可知，選項(xiàng)E“閱讀鼓勵(lì)我們?nèi)ネ樗?，這是有益的。”契合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短