【英語】江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級下冊期初適應(yīng)性練習(xí)試題(解析版)

江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期期初適應(yīng)性練習(xí)

英語試題

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

略

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Contrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimetotravel.Below,you'llfind

recommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.

Sequoia（美洲杉）NationalPark,California

Thisparkisfamousforitsgiantsequoiatrees.Andthoughit'simpressivetowalkamong

250-footsequoias,snowshoeingorcross-countryskiingthroughGiantForestGrovewhenthe

toweringtreesaredustedwithsnowispuremagic.

Accommodation:ThecentrallylocatedVisaliaMarriottisjust40minutesfromtheparkgate.

Charleston,SouthCarolina

Startyourweekendgetawayonahistoriccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-clop

pastthecity'schurches,seewheretheystoredallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearn

aboutCharleston'spast.

Accommodation:Locatedinthecity*shistoricheart,theCharlestonPlacehotelfeaturesplush

roomsandexcellentdining.

Keystone,Colorado

SkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthetopresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski-

in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;andbeginnerterrain（地形）.

Accommodation:KeystoneLodgeandSpahascozymountain-inspiredroomsandlofts,a

heatedoutdoorpoolandhottub.

ParkCity,Utah

Locatedjust40minutesfromSaltLakeCity,thelargestskiresortintheUnitedStatesis

knownforitslight,drysnow,sunnyskiesandvarietyofterrain.

Accommodation:Marriott5sSummitWatchisanaffordableoptionlocatedrightinParkCity,

anditoffersaccessiblerooms.

1.WhatwilltravelersdoinCharleston?

A.Walkalonggiantsequoiatrees.B.Skithroughsnow-coveredforests.

C.Explorethehistoriccity.D.Swiminaheatedoutdoorpool.

2.Whichdestinationgiveskidsachancetoskiforfree?

A.SequoiaNationalPark.B.Charleston.

C.Keystone.D.ParkCity.

3.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?

A.Theyarelocated40minutesfromthenearbycity.

B.TheyarefamousnationalparksintheUSA.

C.Theyoffercarriageridesatweekends.

D.Theyofferarangeofcold-weatherfun.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了幾個(gè)美國冬季最佳旅游景點(diǎn)。

【答案】1.C2.C3.D

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Charleston,SouthCarolina部分的"Startyourweekendgetawayona

historiccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-cloppastthecity'schurches,seewherethey

storedallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearnaboutCharleston'spast.（在寒冷的冬天乘坐

歷史悠久的馬車開始你的周末之旅。咔嗒咔嗒地經(jīng)過這座城市的教堂，看看他們在18世紀(jì)

儲存火藥的地方，了解查爾斯頓的過去。）”可知，游客在Charleston可以探索這座城市的

歷史。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Keystone,Colorado部分的"SkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthe

topresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski-in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;

andbeginnerterrain.（滑雪報(bào)告網(wǎng)站0ntheSnow將其評為最適合家庭的度假勝地，這要?dú)w

功于免費(fèi)停車；住宿；兒童免費(fèi)滑雪項(xiàng)目；初學(xué)者地形。）”可知，Keystone給孩子一個(gè)免

費(fèi)滑雪的機(jī)會。故選C。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一■段aContrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimeto

travel.Below,you511findrecommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.（與普

遍的看法相反，冬天實(shí)際上是旅行的好時(shí)機(jī)。下面，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)美國冬季最佳旅游景點(diǎn)的推

薦。）”可推知，這四個(gè)地方的共同之處在于它們提供了一系列寒冷天氣的樂趣。故選D。

B

IfsanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVenturaDiveSport,andlifelong

seaman.He'sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversandsnorkeling（浮潛）

enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthernCaliforniancoast,inthe

remoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.

Onthistrip,inparticular,Smithishopingtospotgiantblackseabass,ahugeunderwater

creaturethatgrowsoversevenfeetlongandcanweighmorethan700pounds.Unsurprisingly,it's

afishthatsitsatopthefoodchain,andthespeciesisanimportantpartofthemarine（海洋的）

ecosystem.

Upuntilthe1970s,blackseabasswasacommonsightinginSouthernCalifornia,butdueto

overfishingtheirpopulationdramaticallydeclined.Asaresult,fishingforgiantblackseabassof

anykindwasbannedinCaliforniain1982.IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotected

watersofthenationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individuals

aroundtheCatalinaIslandalone.

Marinebiologists9photos-andindeedanyoneelse's-nowhaveapermanenthome,ona

newly-createddatabasenamedSpottingGiantSeaBass.Thewebsite,launchedandrunbythe

AquariumofthePacificinJuly,isajointcommunityefforttofindoutmoreaboutthese

mysteriouscreatures.Scientistshopetobeabletoanswerhowthepopulationischangingover

time,howfargiantseabassmove,wheretheyspawn（產(chǎn)卵），andhowtheygrowinmarine

protectedareas.Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrosstheGoldenState's

coastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithitsrecovery.

“OneofthemainthingspeoplewanttoseewhentheycomeoutwithusduringSeptember

andOctoberisgiantseabass,“Smithsays."Ifyou'reluckyenoughtobeonadiveandoneswims

pastyou...itreallyisthemostincredibleexperience.9,

4.WhoisJimSmith?

A.Amarinebiologist.

B.Adiveboatcaptain.

C.Afounderofawebsite.

D.Aguardofanationalpark.

5.WhatcanweinferaboutblackseabassintheChannelIslandregionnow?

A.Theyareexperiencingpopulationgrowth.

B.Theyarebeingoverfished.

C.Theyarelivinginterribleconditions.

D.Theyaredisappearingduetopollution.

6.Whichofthefollowingisconsideredas“apermanenthome^^inparagraph4?

A.SouthernCalifornia.

B.SpottingGiantSeaBass.

C.Marineprotectedareas.

D.TheAquariumofthePacific.

7.Whatwillbehelpfulfortherecoveryofblackseabassaccordingtotheresearchers?

A.Swimmingwiththeminthesea.

B.Prohibitingdeep-seadiving.

C.Workingtogethertorecordinformation.

D.Discoveringmoreislands.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是關(guān)于黑魚盧魚的保護(hù)和恢復(fù)，以及一個(gè)新的數(shù)

據(jù)庫的創(chuàng)建，幫助記錄和研究黑妒魚的信息。

【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C

[4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中"It'sanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVentura

DiveSport,andlifelongseaman.He'sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversand

snorkeling（浮潛）enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthern

Californiancoast,intheremoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.（對于文圖拉潛水運(yùn)動公司的老

板、終身海員JimSmith來說，這是一個(gè)異常平靜的早晨。他負(fù)責(zé)“猛禽”號，載著一船潛

水員和浮潛愛好者前往海峽群島，停泊在南加州海岸外遙遠(yuǎn)的海峽群島國家公園。）”可

知，JimSmith是一名潛水船只的船長。故選B。

[5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotectedwatersofthe

nationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individualsaroundthe

CatalinaIslandalone.（在海峽島地區(qū)，由于受國家公園保護(hù)的水域，出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)有希望的跡

象一一最近的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅在卡塔利娜島附近就有大約50只個(gè)體。）”可知，在海峽島地

區(qū)附近，黑妒魚的數(shù)量是一個(gè)充滿希望的跡象即數(shù)量在不斷增加。故選A。

【6題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“onanewly-createddatabasenamedSpotting

GiantSeaBass.（在一個(gè)新創(chuàng)建的名為“發(fā)現(xiàn)巨型海妒魚”的數(shù)據(jù)庫中。）”可知，海洋生物

學(xué)家們的照片現(xiàn)在存儲于一個(gè)新創(chuàng)建的名為“發(fā)現(xiàn)巨型海妒魚”的數(shù)據(jù)庫中。故a

permanenthome指的是“發(fā)現(xiàn)巨型海妒魚”的數(shù)據(jù)庫。故選B。

【7題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrossthe

GoldenState'scoastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithits

recovery.（每年有超過100萬次潛水記錄在金州的海岸線上，研究人員希望共同努力記錄這

個(gè)物種將有助于它的恢復(fù)。）”可知，根據(jù)研究人員的說法，共同記錄信息將有助于黑海妒

魚的恢復(fù)。故選C。

C

Emotionsarelikeourbestfriend.Theyhavealwaysbeenapartofourlivesandhavebeen

influencingourpersonalitiesfromtheverybeginning.However,thisbegsthequestion-wheredo

emotionscomefrom?

Evolutionary（進(jìn)化論的）psychologistsbelievethatemotionsareadaptationsthathave

evolvedinresponsetothechallengesfacedbyourancestors.Theybelievethatemotionsare

innate（先天的），meaningthatwearebomwiththemwiredintoourbrains.

Somepsychologistsrestricttheirclaimstoasmallsetof"basic“emotions,whicharecalled

theBigSix-happiness,sadness,fear,surprise,angeranddisgust.

Criticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsaresociallyconstructed.Theyreject

theevolutionarytheoryofemotionsbeinginvoluntary;instead,theybelievethatemotionsare

voluntarychoiceswetrickourselvesintotreatingasinvoluntary.

Defendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowweshouldfeelandwhatwe

shoulddoinagivensituation.Whenwefeelanemotionandactonit,weengageinabehavior

thatisprescribedbyourculture.

Peoplearguethatourpresumptionthatemotionsareinvoluntary,suchasanger,mayjustbea

convenientillusion（幻覺）.Tobeangry,weneedtounderstandsomethingasoffensive（冒犯

的）,whichislikelybasedonculturallyinformedmoraljudgments.Inthatcase,howcanangerbe

ananimalreflex（本能反應(yīng)）？

Moreover,angerisnotseeninallcultures.InInuitculture,peoplerarelyshowanysignsof

anger,probablysincethreateningresponseswouldbetooriskyinasmallculturesurvivingin

harshconditions.TheMalaylanguageofMalaysiadoesn'tevenhaveawordmeaning“anger”!

Thefactthatculturecanaffecttheincidenceandintensityofouremotionsmakesthemlook

lesslikebiologicaltruthsandmoreliketheproductofsocialconstructs.

Frommyperspective,evolutionarypsychologistsunderestimatethecontributionsofculture

andlearning,whereassocialconstructionistsover-emphasizethesame.Basically,weneedan

explanationthatcansteerbetweenboththeseextremes.

Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup（冒出），thekeyistodeterminethe

underlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemosthelpfulinkeepingyoubalanced

andemotionallyundercontrol!

8.Whatdoevolutionarypsychologistsbelieve?

A.Wearebomwithemotions.

B.Personalitiesinfluenceemotions.

C.Emotionsarelearned.

D.Humanshavesixdifferentemotions.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prescribed“inparagraph5mean?

A.Copied.

B.Remembered.

C.Translated.

D.Required.

10.Whatdothetwoexamplesinparagraph7mainlyexplain?

A.Emotionsplayamajorroleinsurvival.

B.Peopleinpoorcircumstanceshaveemotions.

C.Peoplesolveproblemswiththehelpofemotions.

D.Emotionsaresociallyconstructed.

11.Whatisessentialwhenfacingtheoccurrenceofacomplexemotion?

A.Findingouttherealcoreemotions.

B.Takingactiontoignorebasicemotions.

C.Strikingabalancebetweenlifeandwork.

D.Makingeffortstobuildconfidence.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了情緒從何而來。

【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.A

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Theybelievethatemotionsareinnate（先天的），meaningthat

wearebomwiththemwiredintoourbrains.（他們認(rèn)為情緒是天生的，這意味著我們出生時(shí)就

把它們連接到我們的大腦中。）”可知，進(jìn)化心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，我們生來就有情緒。故選A。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文uDefendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowwe

shouldfeelandwhatweshoulddoinagivensituation^持這種觀點(diǎn)的人認(rèn)為，我們的文化影響

著我們在特定情況下的感受和行為。）”可知，當(dāng)我們感受到一種情緒并采取行動時(shí)，我們

的行為是由我們的文化所規(guī)定的。prescribed意為“規(guī)定，指示”。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段aCriticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsare

sociallyconstructed.（進(jìn)化心理學(xué)的批評者認(rèn)為情緒是社會建構(gòu)的。）”、文章第五段

"Defendantsofthisviewbelieve...shoulddoinagivensituation.（持這種觀點(diǎn)的人認(rèn)為，我們

的文化影響著我們在特定情況下的感受和行為。）”和文章第七段“Moreover,angerisnot

seeninallcultures.InInuitculture,…awordmeaning"anger"!（此夕卜，并非所有文化中都能看

到憤怒。在因紐特文化中，人們很少表現(xiàn)出任何憤怒的跡象，可能是因?yàn)樵谝粋€(gè)生存在惡

劣條件下的小文化中，威脅的回應(yīng)太冒險(xiǎn)了。馬來西亞的馬來語甚至沒有“憤怒”這個(gè)

詞！）”可推知，第七段提到的兩個(gè)例子解釋了情緒是社會建構(gòu)的。故選D。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup（冒

出），thekeyistodeterminetheunderlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemost

helpfulinkeepingyoubalancedandemotionallyundercontrol!（下次當(dāng)你感至！種復(fù)雜的情緒

冒出來的時(shí)候，關(guān)鍵是要確定潛在的基本情緒，這樣你就可以采取行動，這對保持你的平

衡和情緒控制最有幫助！）”可知，面對復(fù)雜情緒的發(fā)生，找出真正的核心情緒是至關(guān)重要

的。故選A。

D

Activenoisecontroltechnologyisusedbynoise-cancelingheadphonestominimizeor

completelyblockoutoutsidenoise.However,despitethemanyadvancementsintechnology,

peoplestilldon'thavemuchcontroloverwhichsoundstheirheadphonesblockoutandwhichthey

letpass.

Now,deeplearningalgorithms（算法）havebeendevelopedbyagroupofacademicsatthe

UniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisestofilter（過濾）throughtheir

headphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed"semantichearing^^byitscreators.

TheAl-poweredheadphonesremoveallbackgroundnoisebystreamingrecordedaudio（音

頻）toasmartphonethatislinkedtothedevices.Throughthisprocess,theheadphoneuserscan

choosetostrengthenorcancelout20typesofsounds,usingvoicecommandsorasmartphone

app.Theheadphoneswillthenonlyletthroughthesoundsthathavebeenchosenbythewearer.

“Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneedtosyne（同步）withtheir

visualsenses.Thismeanstheneural（神經(jīng)的）algorithmsmustprocesssoundsinundera

hundredthofasecond.^^saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota,aUWprofessor.

Duetothistimeconstraint,thesemantichearingsystemchoosesaprocessthatrelieson

noisescommunicatedonadevicelikealinkedsmartphone.Furthermore,inorderforhumansto

continuetoeffectivelyexperiencesoundsintheirenvironment,thesystemneedstomaintainthese

delaysbecausesoundscomingfromdifferentdirectionsenterpeople'searsatdifferenttimes.

Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavarietyofsettings.Thesemantichearing

systemwasabletoisolatetargetsounds,whileatthesametimeremovingbackgroundnoise.In

termsofthesystem'saudiooutputforthedesiredsounds.22participantsgaveitanaveragerating

higherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoiserecordings.

Therewere,however,afewdisadvantages:theAl-poweredsystemoccasionallyhadtrouble

recognizingsoundsthatweretoosimilar.Theresearcherssaidthatthesystemcouldproduce

betterresultsifitsmachinelearningmodelsweretrainedonmorerealworlddata.

12.Whatcandeeplearningalgorithmsdo?

A.Improveuserslisteningability.

B.Helpusersremoveunwantednoise.

C.Stoppeoplefromenteringnoisyareas.

D.Createcommunicationbetweenusers.

13.WhatshouldtheneuralalgorithmsdoaccordingtoShyamGollakota?

A.Selectheadphoneusers.

B.Processdatawithoutnoticeabledelay.

C.Followthewaypeoplespeak.

D.Improvethequalityofsmartphones.

14.Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutthesysteminthetrials?

A.Ithasimprovementinsoundquality.

B.Ithelpsthemrecognizeparticipants*voices.

C.Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.

D.It'ssuitabletostrengthenbackgroundnoise.

15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Thesemantichearingsystemstillhassomedrawbacks

B.Thesemantichearingsystemcanrecognizehumanspeech

C.Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyouhear

D.AInoise-cancelingheadphonesnowhaveacommercialversion

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章介紹了華盛頓大學(xué)的一組學(xué)者開發(fā)的深度學(xué)習(xí)算

法，使用戶能夠?qū)崟r(shí)選擇通過耳機(jī)過濾的噪音。

【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.C

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Now,deeplearningalgorithms（算法）havebeendevelopedby

a...hearing^^byitscreators.（現(xiàn)在，華盛頓大學(xué)的一組學(xué)者開發(fā)了一種深度學(xué)習(xí)算法，使用

戶能夠?qū)崟r(shí)選擇通過耳機(jī)過濾哪些噪音。該系統(tǒng)被其創(chuàng)建者命名為“語義聽力”。）”可

知，深度學(xué)習(xí)算法可以幫助用戶消除不必要的噪音。故選B。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中""Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneed

tosyne（同步）withtheirvisualsenses.Thismeanstheneural（神經(jīng)的）algorithmsmustprocess

soundsinunderahundredthofasecond."saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota.aUWprofessor.

（“挑戰(zhàn)在于，耳機(jī)佩戴者聽到的聲音需要與他們的視覺感官同步。這意味著神經(jīng)算法必須

在百分之一秒內(nèi)處理聲音。資深作者ShyamGollakota說。華盛頓大學(xué)教授。）”可知，根

據(jù)ShyamGollakota認(rèn)為，耳機(jī)佩戴者聽到的聲音需要與他們的視覺感官同步，這意味著神

經(jīng)算法必須在百分之一秒內(nèi)處理聲音，即深度學(xué)習(xí)算法在處理數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，沒有明顯的延遲。

故選Bo

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavariety

of...participantsgaveitanaverageratinghigherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoise

recordings.（研究人員在各種環(huán)境下進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)。語義聽覺系統(tǒng)能夠隔離目標(biāo)聲音，同時(shí)去

除背景噪音。在系統(tǒng)的音頻輸出為所需的聲音。22名參與者給它的平均評分高于他們給原

始噪音錄音的評分。）”可知，在試驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)語義聽覺系統(tǒng)能夠隔離目標(biāo)聲音，同時(shí)去除背

景噪音，22名參與者給它的平均評分高于他們給原始噪音錄音的評分，即它的音質(zhì)有所改

善。故選A。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Now,deeplearningalgorithms（算法）havebeendevelopedbya

groupofacademicsattheUniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisesto

filter（過濾）throughtheirheadphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed“semantic

hearing”byitscreators.（現(xiàn)在，華盛頓大學(xué)的一組學(xué)者開發(fā)了一種深度學(xué)習(xí)算法，使用戶能

夠通過耳機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)選擇過濾哪些噪音。該系統(tǒng)被其創(chuàng)建者命名為“語義聽力”。）”以及通讀

全文可知，這篇文章介紹了華盛頓大學(xué)的一組學(xué)者開發(fā)的深度學(xué)習(xí)算法，使用戶能夠?qū)崟r(shí)

選擇通過耳機(jī)過濾的噪音。通過將錄制的音頻傳送到與設(shè)備連接的智能手機(jī)上，這種人工

智能耳機(jī)可以通過語音命令或智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序選擇加強(qiáng)或消除20種類型的聲音，并只允

許佩戴者選擇的聲音通過。C選項(xiàng)"Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyou

hear（人工降噪耳機(jī)可以讓你選擇聽什么）”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有

兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere?snoescape.16.

Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.

?Useahumidifier（加濕器）toincreasehumidity.

Inthecoolerwintermonths,ahumidifierinyourhomeorofficewillrestoremoisturetothe

air,helpingtokeepyourskinhydrated（含水的）.

Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimto

keepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.17Ifyou5reunsureofyour

home'shumiditylevels,youcanbuyahumiditymeter.

?Keepthermostat（恒溫器）temperaturescoolandcomfortable.

Ifyou'relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonas

yougethome.18Tryacoolyetcomfortablesettingtopreventyourskinfromdrying

further-theAmericanOsteopathicCollegeofDermatologyrecommends68to75degreesF.

?19

Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenifscold,butveryhotwatercandry

outtheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.

Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfrom

exposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema（濕疹）.20

Ifyoustillexperiencedryness,discomfort,andrednessaftertryingthesehealthyskintips,

expertssuggestusinganover-the-counterIpercenthydrocortisonecreamortalkingwithyour

doctor.

A.Firstly,applyhandcreamaftereachwashing.

B.It'squiteunusualtofindyourskinredanddryinwinter.

C.Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou9resleeping.

D.Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.

E.Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.

F.Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytotheskin.

G.Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)在冬季也能處理皮膚干燥并保持舒適的方

法。

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.F

【16題詳解】

由上文uWintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere'snoescape.（冬天會對

你的皮膚造成傷害，而且感覺無處可逃。）”以及后文"Happily,therearemanywaystodeal

withdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.（令人高興的是，有很多方法可以處理皮膚干燥并

保持舒適。）”可知，空前提到了皮膚在冬季可能會出現(xiàn)不舒服的感覺，空處后提到了處理

皮膚干燥并保持舒服的方法。G項(xiàng)Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassitting

byaroaringfire,candryyourskin.（即使是那些讓冬天變得美好的事情，比如坐在熊熊燃燒

的火爐旁，也會使你的皮膚干燥。）符合文意，該項(xiàng)提到了在冬季會讓皮膚變得干燥的原

因，引出后文中對抗皮膚干燥以及解決問題的方法，起到承上啟下的作用。故選G項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

由上文“Useahumidifier（加濕器）toincreasehumidity.（使用加濕器增加濕度）”可知，該段

提到了加濕器能在一定程度上改善皮膚干燥的狀況，再由上文“Runahumidifierinyour

entirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevels

between30and50percent.（在你的整個(gè)家或你呆的時(shí)間最長的房間里安裝一個(gè)加濕器，目標(biāo)

是將室內(nèi)濕度保持在30%到50%之間）”可知，加濕器可以將室內(nèi)濕度保持在30%到50%之

間。C項(xiàng)Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou'resleeping.（一種選擇是在你睡覺的時(shí)

候把它打開過夜）符合語境，其中it指代上文ahumidifier,有承上作用。故選C項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

由上文“Ifyou'relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatas

soonasyougethome.（如果你想逃離干燥、寒冷的室外空氣，你很可能一回家就打開暖

氣）“可知，為了避寒可以打開暖氣，E項(xiàng)Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouse

evendrier.（但是，高的中心熱量會使你家的空氣更加干燥。）符合語境，指出暖氣會讓皮膚

干燥。故選E項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

由下文“Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenifscold,butveryhotwatercan

dryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahot

one.（在寒冷的時(shí)候，長時(shí)間的蒸汽淋浴聽起來可能是個(gè)好主意，但熱水會使皮膚變干。與

熱水淋浴相比，5到10分鐘的溫水淋浴不太可能惡化干燥的皮膚）”以及"Youshouldalso

avoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwateror

coolwinteraircancauseaneczema（濕疹）.（你也應(yīng)該避免用過熱的水洗手。皮膚因暴露在熱

水或涼爽的冬季空氣中而干燥會導(dǎo)致濕疹）”可知，這里主要講避免長時(shí)間熱水洗澡和用過

熱水洗手。D項(xiàng)Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.（降低淋浴和洗手

的水溫。）符合語境，對下文有總括作用。故選D項(xiàng)。

[20題詳解】

由上文“Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfrom

exposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema（濕疹）.（你也應(yīng)該避免用過熱的水

洗手。皮膚因暴露在熱水或涼爽的冬季空氣中而干燥會導(dǎo)致濕疹。）”可知，這里主要講避

免用過熱的水洗手，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytothe

skin.（冷水似乎同樣有效，對皮膚更友好）符合語境，其中Coolerwater與上文excessively

hotwaterto對應(yīng)，有承上作用。故選F項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項(xiàng)。

DuringthefinaltermofmytheaterandperformancedegreeattheUniversityofLeeds,we

plannedto21someinteractiveworkshopswithelderlyresidentstotryto22

memoryandsocialengagement.

Irememberbeing23,awarethatwewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowere

almostnonverbal（不能說話的）.

Ihaddecidedtoplaymusicattheendofthesession.WewentwiththesongMyWay

24thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.

OnceIpressedplay,nearlyeveryoneintheroomstoodupand25whatseemedlike

everyword.Iwassodeeply26.Manyofthemwerecommunicatingmuchbetter.It

lookedandfeltlike27.

OffIwenttodramaschool,butIthoughtaboutthat28almostdaily.Sowhenwe

weregiventheopportunitytowriteascript（居U本）fora29festival,Icreatedalove

storyabout30anddementia（癡呆），spanning50yearsofacouple'slife.

Andnow,10yearslater,theshowI31isrunningagaininLondonthankstothe

MusicforDementiacampaign.

Inowknowthatmusic-basedinterventions（治療）32theneedfor

antipsychoticmedication（抗精神病藥物）inmorethan60percentofpeople33

dementia.Idon'tknowwhatmyMyWaywouldbe,butIcertainlythinkweshouldalltrytofind

our34anddoourbesttostayconnectedtothepeoplewe35itwith.

21.A.holdB.stopC.delayD.suspend

22.A.removeB.identifyC.inspireD.assess

23.A.thrilledB.nervous

C.ashamedD.delighted

24.A.untilB.unlessC.ifD.because

25.A.sangB.saidC.heardD.wrote

26.A.scaredB.movedC.amusedD.annoyed

27.A.artB.magicC.hopeD.mercy

28.A.problemB.goal

C.policyD.experience

29.A.theaterB.scienceC.flowerD.sports

30.A.waterB.fruitC.musicD.food

31.A.performedB.watchedC.recordedD.made

32.A.repeatB.protectC.reduceD.ignore

33.A.livingwithB.hearingof

C.escapingfromD.focusingon

34.A.showB.timeC.speechD.song

35.A.takeB.shareC.discussD.learn

【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在利茲大學(xué)戲劇和表演專業(yè)的最后一個(gè)學(xué)期，

我們計(jì)劃舉辦一些與老年居民的互動講習(xí)班，通過音樂與這些老人建立聯(lián)系，并且讓他們的

交流變得更好。這段難忘的經(jīng)歷給作者后來的生活和工作帶來了靈感。

【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.A

30.C31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B

[21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我在利茲大學(xué)戲劇和表演專業(yè)的最后一個(gè)學(xué)期，我們計(jì)劃舉

辦一些與老年居民的互動講習(xí)班，試圖激發(fā)記憶和社會參與。A.hold舉辦；B.stop停止；

C.delay推遲；D.suspend暫停,懸掛。根據(jù)"someinteractiveworkshops”可知,此處表示

舉辦一些互動講習(xí)班。故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.remove移除；B.identify鑒定，確認(rèn)；C.inspire激發(fā)；

D.assess進(jìn)入。根據(jù)asomeinteractiveworkshops"和umemoryandsocialengagement可

知，舉辦一些與老年居民的互動講習(xí)班，是為了激發(fā)記憶和社會參與。故選C。

【23題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得自己很緊張，意識到我們在和幾乎不會說話的老人一

起工作。A.thrilled激動的，興奮的；B.nervous緊張的；C.ashamed羞恥的；D.delighted

高興的。根據(jù)"wewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowerealmostnonverbal（不能說話的）

可知，和幾乎不能說話的老人一起工作，讓作者感到緊張。故選B。

【24題詳解】

考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們選擇了《MyWay》這首歌，因?yàn)槟切┥狭四昙o(jì)的居民可能

會在20多歲的時(shí)候聽這首熱門歌曲。A.until直到；B.unless除非；C.if如果；D.because

因?yàn)?。I艮據(jù)"thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.”

可知，此處解釋作者選擇《MyWay》這首歌的原因，應(yīng)用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故

選D。

【