新領(lǐng)航職業(yè)英語(yǔ)（下冊(cè)） 課件 下冊(cè)-module 4-lesson 1 The Earth is Under Ecological Threats

Module4ConstructingaGreenHome新領(lǐng)航職業(yè)英語(yǔ)（下冊(cè)）LessonOneLessonTwoLessonThreeContentsTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLeadingaGreenandLow-CarbonLifePracticeMakesPerfectModule4ConstructingaGreenHomeThisunitwillhelpyouto:-KnowaboutsomeEarthDays;-Findwaystoprotecttheecosystem;-Mastertheusageofnounclauses;-Practicethewritingofinitialwrittenproposals;-Cultivatetheconceptofecologicalprotection.ChineseAphorismUnitybetweenheavenandman,harmonybutdifferences.天人合一，和而不同。Thisunitwillhelpyouto:Ⅰ.

Thefollowingpicturesareecologicalproblemscausedbyhumanactivities.Matchthepicturewiththeproperexpression.Nos.PictureProperExpression123TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsWarm-upd.TheOzoneHoleLesson1a.AcidRainf.GreenhouseEffectNos.PictureProperExpression456TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsWarm-upe.RedTideLesson1b.LandDesertificationc.WaterandSoilLossTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsWarm-upⅡ.DiscussionBesidestheitemsabove,doyouknowwhatotherecologicalproblemshavebeencausedbyhumanactivities?Discusswithyourpartnerandwritethemdown.Lesson1Forestsareindecline;Biodiversityisdecreasing;waterpollution;Whitepollution.Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadListentothepassageandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhaveheard.A10-month-oldredtidehasbeenkillingoceanlifealongFlorida’s

southwestern1.________.HugenumbersofdeadfishhavewasheduponbeachesfromthecityofNaplesuptoTampa.Redtidecancauseproblemsforhumanstoo.Contactwiththealgaecancausebreathingdifficulties,burningeyesandskinpain.OnMonday,GovernorRickScottordered2.________measurestodealwiththecrisis.Crosbysaidhewelcomedthemove,which3._________moremoneyandresourcestosolvetheproblem.TheFloridaFishandWildlifeConservationCommission4._________theredtidecausedthedeathsandstrandingsofhundredsofseaturtlesin2022.Theagencyalso5._________itforatleastsomeofthe68deathsofmanatees.Othersea6.________killedincludeporpoises.Thebodyofanalmosteight-meter-longwhalesharkalso7.________uponSanibelIsland,Florida,latelastmonth.Crosbysaid,8.________arecurrentlytestingaprocessthatwouldpumpred-algae-filledseawaterthroughanozone-treatmentsystem.Thenthepurifiedwaterwouldbepumpedbackintotheoceanor9.________.Crosbysaidtheexperimentswerecarriedoutinhuge25,000-gallontanks.Hesaidallsucceededinremovingthepoisonousalgae.Crosbysaidthewaterchemistryreturnedto10._________within24hours.ListeningTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1coastemergency

blamessuspectsreleasesnormalwaterwaymammalsbloomseaweedLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoad1.Howdoesextremeweatheraffectyourdailylife?2.Haveyoueverfeltthateveryextremelyhotsummerfollowsanextremelycoldwinter?Canyoutellthereasons?ReadingTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1Climatechangewillmakeairpollutionworse,whichcanaffecthumanhealth.Yes,becausetheclimatesystemisdisrupted,extremeweatherisbecomingmorefrequent.Wintersaregettingcolderandsummersaregettinghotter.Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingLesson1

TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsExtremeWeatherisStriking①Topickakeywordforsummer2023,“extreme”mustbeatopcandidate.We’vehadanaveragetemperatureof22℃,thehighestinrecordedhistoryexceptotherthan1961.Unfortunately,experiencefromthepastseveralyearsshowsthataftereveryextremelyhotsummertherefollowsan

extremelycoldwinter.②Theclimateradicalizationislikeaswingingpendulum—theleftsideisswingingatahigheramplitude,soit’spossibletherightsidemightswinghighertoo,althoughnoonecanbe100percentsure.③ChenWei,explainedthatfurtherintermsoftheglobalatmospheremovement.Astheairpressurenearthegroundishigherinhottropicalregionsthanincoldpoles,thereisalwaysaconstantairflowfromtheformertothelatterthatturnsrightinthenorthernhemisphereandbecomeswesternwindinthemiddlelatitude.“Suchwesternwindisaprotectionwallthatturnsanycoldwavefromthenorthintowesternwind,thuspreventingitfromgoingfurthersouth,”Chensaid.Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1ExtremeWeatherisStriking④However,withclimatechange,thetemperatureintheArcticregionisgrowingsothetemperaturegapwiththecelestialequatorshrinks.Chenpointedoutthatthisweakensthewesternwindinmiddlelatituderegionsthusweakeningitsabilitytopreventcoldwavesfromgoingsouth,which,combinedwiththeincreasinglyfrequentunstablepolarvortexthatunleashesmorecoldwaves,andthefrequencyofcoldweathernaturallygetshigher.⑤Inworseconditionstheprocesscanturnintoaviciouscircle.Thehuge

pilesoficeintheArcticarelikeabigmirrorthatreflectspartofthesolarraysbackintospace,butastheymelt,thereflectiongetsweakersomoreheatisaccumulated,acceleratingthemeltdownprocess,whichinturnfurtherweakensthereflection.Chensaidthatthisiscalledthe“Arcticamplifyingeffect”,aprocesswhichhasalreadybegunandwon’tbereverseduntilhumankindpullsthebrakeonglobalwarmingactivities.Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1⑥Whileforurbanresidents,a“weathercatastrophe”mightmeaninconveniencesoftravellingorhavingtostayathome,foragriculturalproductionthatmaymeanactuallosses.Someoutdoorconstructionorengineeringprojectshavetosuspendorfacelowerefficiencyincoldorhotweather.Cropsmightwitherinextremecoldordieinheat,thusposingabiggerchallengetothenationalfoodsecurity.Thecitieshavetoeitherfacelossesoffloodsorraisethestandardsofbuildingstowithstandsuchfloods,bothofwhichcostmoney.⑦Extremelyhotsummers,extremelycoldwinters,droughtdeaths,waterloggingdeaths,meltingseaice,andlargeriversdryingup,someoftheseproblemsarebeginningtoemerge,whileothersarealreadyveryserious,andallofthisisduetothecumulativeeffectofcarbonemissionsoverthepastfewhundredyears.Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1⑧Theprocessofclimateextremesisnon-linear,andnaturedoesnotleavemuchtimeforhumanstoadapt.Inthesummerof2023,therewillbe29.7daysinBeijingalonewithtempera-turesexceeding35degreesCelsius,21.1daysdirectlymorethantheaverageofpreviousyears,and5daysexceeding40

degreesCelsius,whichisaverydangeroussignal.Timeisrunningoutforhumanity.ReadingComprehensionGuangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1A.Readthepassageandchoosethebestheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistinthebox.ThereisoneheadingyoudoNOTneed.1.Paragraph①_________2.Paragraph④_________3.Paragraph⑤_________4.Paragraph⑥_________5.Paragraph⑦_(dá)________a.TheImpactofWeatherDisastersonUrbanDwellers

and

RuralVillagersb.Whatisthe“ArcticAmplifyingEffect”c.EveryExtremelyHotSummerFollowsAnExtremelyColdWinterd.TheimpactCausedbytheAccumulationofCarbon

Emissionse.TheWesternWindTheProtectionWallf.ThecausesofFrequentColdWeathercfbadReadingComprehensionGuangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1B.DecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTRUE(T)orFALSE(F).(

)1.Climateradicalizationislikeaseesaw,highononesideandlowontheother.(

)2.Withclimatechange,temperaturesintheArcticarerising,andthefrequencyofcoldweatherwillnaturallybelower.(

)3.Globalwarmingwillnothaveanyeffectonthe“Arcticamplificationeffect”.(

)4.Weathercatastrophesaffectruralareasmorethanurbanareas.(

)5.Peopleneedtotakeiteasyinthefaceofextremeweatherbecausewehavealotoftimetothink,makedecisions,andtakemeasures.FFFFFReadingComprehensionGuangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1C.Whatistheimplicationofthesentence“Timeisrunningoutforhumanity”attheendof

thepassage?Whatcanwedoduringtheperiod?1.Followthe3Rs:reduce,reuse,andrecycle!2.Findalternateformsoftransportationthatconsumeless(orno)gasoline.3.Youcanvolunteertopickuplitter,plantcommunitygardens,orcleanuprivers.Findanactivitythatsuitsyourinterestsandsetasidetimetohelpregularly!4.Plus,considerjoininganenvironmentalorganizationlikeGreenpeace,theSierraClub,ortheEnvironmentalDefenseFund.5.Creativelyrepurposeunwanteditemstoputlesstrashintotheworld.LanguageFocusGuangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1A.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofwordsandphrasesgivenbelow.withstand

turninto

constant

unfortunately

combinewithemerge

drought

preventfrom

pointout

adaptto1.____________,someoneburgledhishousewhilehewasawayonholiday.2.Allthevillagers,menandwomen,oldandyoung,tookpartinthebattleagainstthis____________.3.Afriendshipbasedonfictionwillnotlong____________therigorsofthisworld.4.Theculturallifeofthecountrywillsinkintoatrophyunlessmorewritersandartists____________.5.Water____________icewhenitfreezes.6.Theplantsofnaturalecosystemsareusuallywell____________theedaphicandclimaticcharacteroftheirregion.7.Atomsofironinthenail____________atomsofoxygenfromtheairtoformmoleculesofironoxideorrust.8.Trueknowledgeisonlyachievedthrough____________learningandresearch.9.Doctorssaymanydiseasescanbe____________spreadingbyhandwashing.10.Theyhave____________thattwodiametricallyoppositeexplanationsarepossible.Unfortunately

constantpreventedfrom

droughtspointedout

combinewith

turnsinto

adaptedto

withstand

emerge

LanguageFocusGuangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1B.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Unfortunately,experiencefromthepastseveralyearsshowsthataftereveryextremelyhotsummertherefollowsanextremelycoldwinter.2.Thecitieshavetoeitherfacelossesoffloodsorraisethestandardsofbuildingstowithstandsuchfloods,bothofwhichcostmoney.

3.Chensaidthatthisiscalledthe“Arcticamplifyingeffect”,aprocesswhichhasalreadybegunandwon’tbereverseduntilhumankindpullsthebrakeonglobalwarmingactivities.

4.Whileforurbanresidents,a“weathercatastrophe”mightmeaninconveniencesoftravellingorhavingtostayathome,foragriculturalproductionthatmaymeanactuallosses.

不幸的是，從過去幾個(gè)很熱的夏天中總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們似乎發(fā)現(xiàn)，每個(gè)極熱的夏天背后都跟著一個(gè)極冷的冬天。為防范這些損失又需要花巨資升級(jí)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，這些都是成本。而對(duì)于城市居民來說，“天氣災(zāi)難”可能意味著出行或不得不呆在家里的不便，對(duì)于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)來說，這可能意味著實(shí)際損失。陳說，這被稱為“北極增暖放大”現(xiàn)象，這一過程已經(jīng)開始，在人類停止全球變暖活動(dòng)之前不會(huì)逆轉(zhuǎn)。Mini-projectGuangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1?

DesignaPosterfortheNationalEcologyDay

August15,2023,isthefirstNationalEcologyDay,withthethemeof“LucidWatersandLushMountainsareInvaluableAssets”.PleasedesignanEnglishpostertocallonpeopletostartfromthesmallthingsaroundus,establishenvironmentalawareness,carefortheecologicalenvironment,andbuildabeautifulhomewithbluesky,greengroundandclearwater.Herearesomeusefulwords,andexpressionsforyourreference.生態(tài)文明建設(shè)：ecologicalconservation/progress民生福祉：publicwellbeing人與自然和諧：harmonybetweenhumanityandnature美麗中國(guó)：BeautifulChina“雙碳”：carbonpeakandcarbonneutrality綠水青山就是金山銀山：lucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets能效雙控：dualcontrolovertheamountandintensityofenergyconsumptionLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

drought/dra?t/n.干旱，旱災(zāi)-alongperiodwhenthereislittleornorainE.g.Thisyear(a)severedroughthasruinedthecrops.今年嚴(yán)重的旱災(zāi)把莊稼都給毀了。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson4unfortunately/?n?f??t??n?tli/adv.不幸地；倒霉地-usedtosaythatsomethingissad,disappointing,orhasabadeffectE.g.Unfortunately,Ididn'thavemycreditcardwithme,orelseIwouldhaveboughtit.很不湊巧，我沒帶信用卡，否則我肯定早買了。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1radicalization/?r?d?k?la?'ze???n/n.激進(jìn)化-beingaggressiveE.g.Thiswasaperiodofgrowingradicalizationoftheworkingclass.這是一個(gè)工人階級(jí)日益激進(jìn)化的時(shí)期。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

merchant/?m??t??nt/n.商人；店主-abusinesspersonengagedinretailtradeE.g.Hebargainedwiththemerchantforanhourbeforeheboughtarug.他與那商人討價(jià)還價(jià)了一個(gè)小時(shí)才買下一塊地毯。

Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

pendulum/?pend??l?m/n.鐘擺-anapparatusconsistingofanobjectmountedsothatitswingsfreelyundertheinfluenceofgravityE.g.Thependuluminthegrandfatherclockswungbackandforth.落地鐘的鐘擺來回?cái)[動(dòng)。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1amplitude/??mpl?tju:d/n.振幅-themaximumdisplacementofaperiodicwaveE.g.

Butthatalsoreducestheamplitudeofthemotion,makingithardertodetect.但這種做法同時(shí)也降低了運(yùn)動(dòng)的振幅，使運(yùn)動(dòng)更難被探測(cè)到。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1atmosphere/??tm?sf??(r)/n.（包圍地球的）大氣，大氣層，大氣圈-

themixtureofgasesaroundtheearthE.g.

Thesefactoriesarereleasingtoxicgasesintotheatmosphere.這些工廠向大氣中排放有毒氣體。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1tropical/?tr?p?kl/adj.熱帶的-fromorrelatingtotheareabetweenthetwotropicsE.g.

TheAmazonriverbasincontainstheworld'slargesttropicalrainforest.亞馬孫河流域有世界上最大的熱帶雨林。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

constant/?k?nst?nt/adj.經(jīng)常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的-happeningalotorallthetimeE.g.

He'sinconstanttroublewiththepolice.他與警方麻煩不斷。

Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1vortex/?v?:teks/n.[航]渦流；[物]渦旋-theshapeofsomethingrotatingrapidlyE.g.Iwassuckedintoavortexofdespair.我被卷入了絕望的旋渦里。

Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

inhabit/?n?h?b?t/v.居住-makeone’shomeorliveinE.g.

Suchmammalsasdolphins,whales,sealsinhabitthesea.像海豚、鯨魚、海豹一類哺乳動(dòng)物均棲息于大海之中。

Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1solar/?s??l?(r)/adj.太陽(yáng)的；來自太陽(yáng)的；使用太陽(yáng)能的-oforfromthesun,orusingtheenergyfromthesuntoproduceelectricpowerE.g.

Thetimewhenasolareclipsewilloccurcanbecalculated.日食發(fā)生的時(shí)間可以推算出來。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

catastrophe/k??t?str?fi/n.災(zāi)難-aneventresultingingreatlossandmisfortuneE.g.

Theywerewarnedoftheecologicalcatastrophetocome.他們收到警告，生態(tài)災(zāi)難即將來臨。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1withstand/w?e?st?nd/v.經(jīng)受；承受；頂住-tobestrongenough,ornotbechangedbysomething,ortoopposeapersonorthingsuccessfullyE.g.Theaircraftbaseisprotectedwithspeciallydesignedshelterswhicharebuilttowithstandgroundandairattacks.空軍基地有特殊設(shè)計(jì)的掩體保護(hù)，能夠抵擋住地面和空中襲擊。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1emerge/i?m??d?/v.出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)；露出-toappearbycomingoutofsomethingoroutfrombehindsomethingE.g.Sheemergedfromthesea,bluewithcold.她浮出了海面，渾身凍得發(fā)青。

Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1emission/i?m??n/n.(氣體、熱量、光線等的）排放，散發(fā)，射出-theactofsendingoutgas,heat,light,etc.E.g.Environmentalgroupswantasubstantialreductionintheemissionofgreenhousegases.環(huán)保組織要求切實(shí)減少溫室氣體的排放量。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadGuangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadLesson1

turninto（使）變成；譯成；成為E.g.

Thetownturnedfromasmallseasideresortintoamajorcommercialcentrewhenoilwasdiscovered.發(fā)現(xiàn)石油后，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)由一個(gè)小的海濱勝地變成了重要的商業(yè)中心。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

turninto（使）變成；譯成；成為E.g.

Thetownturnedfromasmallseasideresortintoamajorcommercialcentrewhenoilwasdiscovered.發(fā)現(xiàn)石油后，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)由一個(gè)小的海濱勝地變成了重要的商業(yè)中心。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1preventfrom防止；阻止；預(yù)防E.g.

Hisdisabilitypreventshimfromholdingajob.他的傷殘妨礙他就業(yè)。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1

pointout指出E.g.Thetourguidepointedouttheinscriptionthatrunsroundtheinsideofthedome.導(dǎo)游指給我們看穹頂內(nèi)壁四周的銘文。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1combinewith和……結(jié)合，聯(lián)合；與……化合E.g.

Heandhishindaretheonlyrepresentativesofdecencycombinedwithintelligence.唯有他和他那樣的人才是作風(fēng)正派而又有聰明才智的人杰。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1adaptto適應(yīng)；適應(yīng)，適合；使適應(yīng)E.g.Thesesystemsappearecologicallywelladaptedtothehumidtropics.這些系統(tǒng)對(duì)于潮濕熱帶地區(qū)表現(xiàn)良好的生態(tài)適應(yīng)。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1runout流出；沖出；用盡E.g.

Twoweekspassed.theyranoutofmoney.兩星期過去，他們的錢用光了。Words&ExpressionsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1極端天氣來襲①極端”可以說是2023年夏天的第一關(guān)鍵詞。我們有過平均氣溫22°C，是除1961年外最高溫度的記錄。不幸的是，過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)歲月表明，在每一個(gè)極度炎熱的夏天之后隨之而來的是一個(gè)極度寒冷的冬天。②極端天氣就好比單擺，如果擺錘在一端擺幅已經(jīng)很大，那在另一端也可能會(huì)很大，因?yàn)檎麄€(gè)單擺的閾值已經(jīng)提高了。但在擺錘沒有擺到另一邊之前，誰(shuí)也沒法給出肯定的答案。③陳衛(wèi)博士給出了進(jìn)一步的解釋。地球是赤道熱兩極冷，氣流自然會(huì)從熱帶亞熱帶的高壓地區(qū)往極地低壓地區(qū)流動(dòng)。受地轉(zhuǎn)偏向力的作用，這一氣流在北半球中緯度向右偏轉(zhuǎn)為西風(fēng)。正常情況下，極地的“冷”與赤道的“暖”之間存在明顯的南北溫度梯度，這使得西風(fēng)帶很強(qiáng)盛，存在于其中的環(huán)流也很穩(wěn)定，起到阻擋北極冷空氣南下的重任。Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1④但隨著全球變暖加劇，北極增暖更為明顯，與赤道間的溫度梯度減弱，導(dǎo)致西風(fēng)帶減弱，極地渦旋變得不穩(wěn)定，極渦內(nèi)的冷空氣分裂南下，寒潮就能大舉南侵。所以，雖然全球溫度在升高，我們冬天感受到的寒潮反而更強(qiáng)。全球變暖與極冷天氣不沖突，緣由在此。⑤更可怕的還在后邊。結(jié)滿了冰的北極本來像面大鏡子，能把照射來的絕大部分太陽(yáng)光線反射回太空，但隨著海冰融化鏡子越來越弱，反照率越來越低，于是融化的更快，導(dǎo)致北極以兩倍于其他地區(qū)的速度增暖，稱之為“北極增暖放大”現(xiàn)象，這一惡性循環(huán)一旦開啟情況只會(huì)越來越壞。在全球變暖趨勢(shì)被逆轉(zhuǎn)之前，這一情況只會(huì)越來越明顯。Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingTheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1⑥對(duì)于城市居民來說，氣候?yàn)?zāi)難可能意味著忽冷忽熱的氣溫、意味著街道上的積水、意味著下大雨無法出門而遲到被扣錢。但對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)來說，氣候?yàn)?zāi)難給人的感受可能更深。在極端天氣下，一些戶外建筑或工程項(xiàng)目不得不暫?；蛎媾R低效率的窘境。農(nóng)作物可能在極寒中枯萎或在高溫下死亡，從而對(duì)國(guó)家糧食安全構(gòu)成更大的挑戰(zhàn)。城市要么面臨洪水的損失，要么提高建筑物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以抵御這種洪水，這兩者都需要花錢。⑦酷暑、嚴(yán)寒、旱死、內(nèi)澇、海冰融化、大河干涸，這些問題有的開始顯現(xiàn)，有的已經(jīng)很嚴(yán)重了，而這一切都是近幾百年來碳排放的累積效應(yīng)。⑧“氣候極端化的進(jìn)程是非線性的，大自然不會(huì)給人類留下太多的時(shí)間去適應(yīng)。”2023年夏天，僅在北京就有29.7天氣溫超過35攝氏度，比往年平均數(shù)直接多出21.1天，且有5天超過40攝氏度，是非常危險(xiǎn)的信號(hào)。留給人類的時(shí)間不多了。Lesson2

TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsWarm-upDiscussion1.DoyouknowhowBeijingWinterOlympicsandthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022reflectthegreenconcept?2.Whatitemsofgreenandlow-carbonequipmentareappliedintohostingBeijingWinterOlympics?Lesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadA.Listentothepassage,andmarkthemeasuresthatarementionedtoreflectthelow-carbon,environmentallyfriendlyandgreenconceptofhostingtheWinterOlympics.□1.usingnoundergroundwater

□2.hydrogen-poweredvehicles□3.banningplasticbags

□4.hydrogen-poweredbuses□5.hydrogenproductionplants

□6.hydrogenrefuellingstations□7.windandsolarenergy

□8.plantingtrees□9.waterstoragefacilities

□10.low-carbonbuildingmaterialsListening√

√

√

√

√

√

√

Lesson2

TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadB.Listentothepassageagainandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhaveheard.“Scientificresearchdatahasshownthatsuchwaterisenoughforsnowmakingandsupportingtheoperationsofthevenues,”Wangsaid.LiZhenlong,venueandinfrastructuremanageroftheskiingcenter,saidthevenuealsohasfivesmallerwaterstoragefacilitieseradicatingtheneedtouse1.

waterandharmtheenvironmentduringsnowmaking.“Also,wehaveplantedmanytreeswhileconstructingthecourses.Furthermore,thevenueis100percentpoweredbywindand2.__________energy.Wehavemadegreateffortstoachievesustainabledevelopment,”Lisaid.Tominimizecarbondioxideemissions,about700hydrogen-poweredvehicleswillbeusedintheZhangjiakoucompetitionzone,saidWangHewu,executivedirectoroftheZhangjiakouHydrogenandRenewableEnergyResearchInstitute.ThevehicleswillbeusedfortransportationandlogisticsoperationsduringtheGames,whichwill3.__________fromFeb4thto20th.“Theemissionofhydrogen-poweredvehiclesisjustpurewatersoitwon’tcauseanypollution.Furthermore,thehydrogenfuelingthevehiclesisproducedwithwindpowersothewholeprocessisgreen,”Wangsaid.“Ahydrogen-poweredbuscan4.__________carbondioxideemissionsby11.8metrictonsover10,000kilometres.Suchbusescanrunsmoothlyat-20°C,andtheirsafetyand5.__________havebeentested,”Wangsaid.Currently,therearemorethan444hydrogen-poweredbusesinoperationinZhangjiakou,coveringninebusroutesinthecity.Theyhaverunabout20millionkilometresandcarriedmorethan62millionpassengers,accordingtothelocalgovernment.Listening

runsolar

safety

reduce

underground

Lesson2

TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingHangzhouAsianGamesContributestoCarbonReductionThe19thAsianGamesisinfullswinginHangzhou,eastChina’sZhejiangprovince.Insidecompetitionvenues,athletesfromparticipatingcountriesarestrivingforexcellence,constantlybreakingAsianandevenWorldrecords.Outsidethevenues,aspecialrecordhasalsobeenmadebyanenvironmentalcampaign.Thecampaign,titled“1kgfromeveryonetohelpmaketheAsianGamescarbonneutral,”hasbeenjoinedbyover100millionpeople,thusobtainingaGuinnessWorldRecordscertificateforhavingthemostparticipantsinanenvironmentalcampaigninaone-yearperiod.InApril2022,theHangzhouAsianGamesOrganizingCommittee(HAGOC)announceditwouldholdthefirst-evercarbon-neutralAsianGames.Workingwithrelevantdepartments,itlaunchedthe“1kgfromeveryonetohelpmaketheAsianGamescarbonneutral”campaignonAntForest,theofficialgreenpublicwelfareplatformoftheGames,withanaimtoencouragelow-carbonlifestyles.Lesson2

TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingAccordingtotherules,peoplecangain“greenenergy”tocontributetotheGames’carbonneutralitythroughgreenactivitieslikelow-carbontravelling,reducingpaperandplasticuse,promotingenergyefficiency,andrecycling.Foreverykilogramof“greenenergy”contributedtotheGames,theAntGroup,theoperatoroftheAntForest,willpurchaseanequalamountof“carboncredits”fromthecarbonmarketanddonatethemtotheHAGOC,thushelpingneutralizethecarbonemissionsgeneratedbytheHangzhouAsianGames.Thisenvironmentalcampaign,whichhasreceivedanactiveresponseacrosssociety,isaminiatureofagreenAsianGames.Thevisionofgreen,low-carbonandsustainabledevelopmenthasbeenintegratedthroughouttheHangzhouAsianGamessincethefirstdayofitspreparations.TheGameshasachievedfullgreenelectricitysupplyatallvenuesforthefirsttimeinAsianGameshistory,andusedmethanolfuelfortheprimarycauldrontowerattheopeningceremonyforthefirsttime.The“carbon-zeroengineers”havemadespecificsuggestionstoreduceenergyuseateachvenue.Lesson2

TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritimeSilkRoadReadingAmongthevenuesoftheHangzhouOlympicSportsCentercluster,abutterfly-shapedvenuehasdrawngreatattentionbecauseofitsnovelappearanceandeco-friendlydesign.Thevenueisequippedwith210lighttubes,whichdiffusenaturallightfromtheoutdoorstotheindoorsthroughtopskylightcovers.Comparedtofluorescentlights,theselighttubesareflicker-free,environmentallyfriendlyandenergy-saving.Theyhavealifespanofupto25years,andcanbeturnedonandoff.Moreimportantly,theycansaveapproximately100,000kW·hofelectricityannually.Some24,000squaremetersoftheroofareaattheFuyangWaterSportsCentrewhichhasa45percentgreeneryratio,iscoveredbysoilandadornedwithvariousplants.Underthevenue’sgravelgardenarea,anundergroundsystemrecyclesrainwater.Thissystemsavessome1,000metrictonsofwaterpermonth.Lesson2

TheEarthisUnderEcologicalThreatsLesson1Guangzhou,aGatewaytoMaritim