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LESSON26

如何闡述獨(dú)特見(jiàn)解:誰(shuí)是天生藝術(shù)家

Parti詞匯脫口秀

1.Artn.藝術(shù)

Whatisthepurposeofart?

畢力11索:Thepurposeofartiswashingthedustofdailylifeoffoursouls.

愛(ài)爾蘭劇作家DanGordon說(shuō):

Artiswhatmakesushuman,andit'sforeveryone.

Artsarenotaluxury,theyarearight.

Itisasimportanttobeabletosingormakemusicorwriteorsculptorpaintordanceoract,asitisto

liveandbreathe.

1)藝術(shù)

藝術(shù)博物館:artmuseum

藝術(shù)展覽:artexhibition

藝術(shù)作品:worksofart/artworks

藝術(shù)家:artist

藝術(shù)的一個(gè)門類finearts:

Sophiaisanartstudentandstudiesfineartsincollege.

狹義的finearts指純美術(shù):

Inanarrowsense,fineartsrefertovisualartformssuchaspainting,

sculptureandarchitecture.

廣義的finearts指藝術(shù):

Inabroadsense,fineartsincludepainting,sculpture,architecture,music,film,photographyetc.

2)arts復(fù)數(shù)表示:人文學(xué)科=humanities

Atauniversityorcollege,artsaresubjectssuchashistory,literature,orlanguagesincontrastto

scientificsubjects.

所以:

文科生artsstudent(注意arts用復(fù)數(shù))

注意區(qū)別:artstudent藝術(shù)學(xué)生

理科生sciencestudent

大學(xué)里的學(xué)位:

BA=BachelorofArts

MA=MasterofArts

BSc=BachelorofScience

MSc=MasterofScience

3)人們也常常把一種學(xué)問(wèn)引申為art

Communicationisanart.

中國(guó)古代一本名著:《孫子兵法》英文:TheArtofWar

美國(guó)45任總統(tǒng)DonaldTrump《Theartofthedeal》

美國(guó)曾經(jīng)的教育部長(zhǎng)JohnW.Gardner說(shuō)過(guò):Lifeistheartofdrawingwithoutaneraser.

2.Criticn.評(píng)論家

藝術(shù)評(píng)論家:artcritic

Thejobofanartcriticistomakejudgmentsaboutthegoodandbadqualitiesofartworks.

戲劇評(píng)論家:theatrecritic

音樂(lè)評(píng)論家:musiccritic

文學(xué)評(píng)論家:literarycritic

19世紀(jì)末,英國(guó)首相BenjaminDisraeli有句對(duì)評(píng)論家的有趣點(diǎn)評(píng):

FormerBritishP.M.BenjaminDisraelisaid,

“Criticsarethosewhohavefailedinliteratureandart.^^

衍生詞:

criticizev.批評(píng)criticismn.批評(píng)

Joeyhasbeencriticizedforhiscarelessness.Buthedoesn'tacceptthecriticism.

他還埋怨說(shuō):Peoplearetoocritical.

criticaladj挑剔的,批評(píng)的

Mybossisalwayscritical.

近義詞:

picky表示挑三揀四,吹毛求疵的

Maryisverypickyabouthotelswhenshetravels.

choosy精挑細(xì)選,選擇慎重,很講究

Someladiesarenotpicky.Theyarejustchoosyabouttheirclothes.

Critical還可以表達(dá):批評(píng)的,批判的

人們對(duì)這項(xiàng)政策的態(tài)度是反對(duì)的。(聽(tīng)記1)

如果支持:Peoplearesupportiveofthepolicy.

criticalthinking批判性思考

Criticalthinkingistheabilitytothinkclearlyandlogicallyaboutwhattodoorwhattobelieve.

批判性思考關(guān)鍵是什么?

Criticalthinkingisnotaboutbeingcriticalofsomethingwithoutreason.

Thekeyofcriticalthinkingisnottoacceptwithoutthinkingabouttheassumption.

比如:為啥你會(huì)害怕輸在起跑線上?

不要輸在起跑線上。Don'tloseatthestartingline.

Assumption前提是:人生是100-metresprint,

但實(shí)際上,人的一生是MarathonoMotivationandstaminaarethetwofactorsdeterminingwhetheror

notyouwillsucceedinaMarathon.

3.Paintv.繪畫(huà)

三種繪畫(huà)方式:

Paintv.通常是用色彩和涂料來(lái)畫(huà)

Drawv.通常用線條來(lái)畫(huà),素描

Youdrawapictureusingapencilorpen;Butyoupaintapictureusingabrush.

Sketchv.速寫(xiě)

Ifyousketchsomething,youmakeaquickdrawingwithoutalotofdetails.

畫(huà)的種類:

油畫(huà):oilpainting

水彩畫(huà):watercolor

水粉畫(huà):gouache/gu'a:f/(來(lái)自法語(yǔ))

風(fēng)景畫(huà):landscapepainting

中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà):traditionalChinesepainting

中國(guó)水墨畫(huà):Chineseinkandwash/ink-washpainting

4.Pretend

口語(yǔ):

別裝了:(聽(tīng)記2)

裝聾作啞:Don'tplaydumb.

Ifyouplaydumb,youpretendthatyouhavenoorlittleknowledgeofsomething.

比如:你去上廁所,一個(gè)朋友把你的包藏起來(lái)。

你回來(lái)時(shí)候,問(wèn)他Whereismybag?

朋友說(shuō):1havenoidea.

你說(shuō):Don'tplaydumb.Iknowitwasyou!

核心用法:pretendtodo/pretendthat+句子

造句:

1)知之為知之,不知為不知。(聽(tīng)記3)

2)晚上,當(dāng)爸爸走進(jìn)兒子房間查看睡了沒(méi),發(fā)現(xiàn)他在裝睡。

Stoppretendingtobeasleep.Iknowyouareawake.

第二天,走進(jìn)兒子的房間,看到孩子在讀書(shū),但書(shū)拿倒了。

Stoppretendingtobereading.Youareholdingthebookupsidedown.

兒子說(shuō):Dad,canyoujustpretendthatyouhaveseennothing?

爸爸說(shuō):Ifyouwantmetoplaydumb,youshouldstoppretending.

5.Materialn.

1)材料(可數(shù))

Buildingmaterials

Rawmaterials

Learningmaterials

Readingmaterials

2)material有時(shí)也特指“布料”

買襯衫時(shí)你問(wèn)店員:Whatmaterialisthisshirtmadeof?

回答說(shuō):Cotton.棉布

3)做某個(gè)工作的合適人選(不可數(shù))

Iamnotmusicianmaterial,becauseIamalwayssingingoff-key.

Michaelisscientistmaterial.

6.Appreciate

1)欣賞

Ifyouappreciatesomething,youenjoyitbecauseyourecognizeitsgoodqualities.

注意:欣賞的兩個(gè)要素:

A.enjoyB.recognizethegoodqualities

欣賞音樂(lè):appreciatethemusic

Almosteveryoneenjoyslisteningtomusic.

Butnoteveryonecanappreciatethemusic.

中秋節(jié):

Asatradition,peopleappreciatethemoononMid-autumnfestivalwhileeatingmoon-cakes.

2)理解:

Ifyouappreciateasituationorproblem,youunderstandhowseriousorimportantitis.

Kidsusuallydon'tappreciatetheimportanceofgoingtoschool.

Theycan'tappreciatethevalueoflearning.

有人說(shuō):讀書(shū)有啥用?我考完也都忘了。

Readingislikeeatingfood.Youmayforgetwhatyouhaveeatenbefore.

Butithasbecomeyourfleshandblood.

3)感激;(能認(rèn)識(shí)到別人幫助的價(jià)值)

比較正式的場(chǎng)合:

Ireallyappreciateyourcoming.(聽(tīng)記4)

Ireallyappreciateyoursupport/help.

7.Hangv.

1)懸掛【過(guò)去式hung過(guò)去分詞hung]

我把一幅畫(huà)掛在了墻上。

Ihungapictureonthewall.

Jim把衣服掛在門后的鉤子上。

Jimhunghiscoatonahookbehindthedoor.

Hangern.衣架

2)吊死,絞死注意動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化:【過(guò)去式hanged過(guò)去分詞hanged]

【聽(tīng)音頻】區(qū)別下面三句話:

Thecriminalwashanged.

Thecriminalwashungonthewall.

Thecriminalhangedhimself.

口語(yǔ)用法:

1)hangoutwithsb.與…一起玩,一起閑逛

Ilovehangingoutwithmyfriendsonweekends.

2)getthehangofsth.通過(guò)一段時(shí)間練習(xí),掌握了…的竅門

Ihavegotthehangofdriving.

YouwillfinditisfuntospeakEnglishonceyougetthehangofit.

8.Upsidedownadv.上下顛倒

這幅畫(huà)掛顛倒了。(聽(tīng)記5)

春節(jié)時(shí):Onspringfestival,theChinesecharacterFuissupposedtobehungupsidedownonthedoor.

Becauseitmeans"blessinghasarrived”.

你回到家發(fā)現(xiàn)家里的貓咪上躥下跳把東西全都打翻:

Thewickedkittenhasturnedmyhouseupsidedown.

引申:insideout里外反了

TheboyiswearinghisT-shirtinsideout.

【聽(tīng)記答案】

1.PeoplearecriticalofVaboutthepolicy.

2.Stoppretending.

3.Don'tpretendtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow.

4.非常感激你的到來(lái)。

5.Thepaintingwashungupsidedown.

LESSON26如何闡述獨(dú)特見(jiàn)解:誰(shuí)是天生藝術(shù)家

Part2句型精講

1.Theyalwaystellyouwhatapictureis'about'.Ofcourse,manypictures

arenot'about'anything.

注意課文中about表示“意思,目的”

注意about這個(gè)表達(dá)的用法:意義,目的

Aboutcanbeusedtodescribethepurposeofsomething.

什么是友情?

Friendshipisallaboutsharingandmutualsupport.

[Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.]

什么是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力?

Leadershipisallabouttheabilitytomakechange.

英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)目的是什么?

Englishlearningisnotjustaboutlearningalanguageitself,

butaboutunderstandingacultureandawayofthinking.

2.Weliketheminthesamewaythatwelikeprettycurtainmaterial.

本句重點(diǎn):類比句型

類比思維(analogy)的本質(zhì):(聽(tīng)記1)Analogy(類比)makes

yourstatementmoreunderstandable.

Sb.doesAinthesamewaythatsb.doesB

Sb.doesAjustassb.doesB

造句:

Iloveyouinthesamewaythatmiceloverice.(來(lái)自歌曲《老鼠愛(ài)大米》)

或Iloveyoujustasmiceloverice.

Myteachertreatsmeinthesamewaythatshetreatsherownson.

[inthesamewaythat也可以替換成justas]

Theporterdidn'tspeakEnglishinthesamewaythathisteacherspokeinclass.

[inthesamewaythat也可以替換成justas]

我們必須直面考試,就像戰(zhàn)士面對(duì)戰(zhàn)斗一樣。

Wemustbravelyfacetheexamjustassoldiersmustfacethebattle.

Justas也常用于比喻(Simile),這個(gè)是文學(xué)作品中最常用的形式之一:

我們來(lái)欣賞一句非常精彩的比喻:

(東欣老師溫馨提示:本句詞匯可能有點(diǎn)難度,大家要Hold住哦)

Absenceweakensordinarypassions,butinflames(使燃燒)greatones,justasthewindblowsouta

candlebutfans(扇風(fēng))afire.(法國(guó)作家弗朗索瓦:FrancoisdeLaRochefoucauld)

這句話精彩在何處?【仔細(xì)聽(tīng)】

Ifyoucanlearnsimileandanalogywell,youwillnotonlybecomealanguagemasterbuta

communicationmasteraswell.

3.Ithinkthatyoungchildrenoftenappreciatemodernpicturesbetterthan

anyoneelse.

本句:比較句型:Adoessth.betterthanBdoes

造句:

喬丹的球技如何?

MichaelJordanplayedbasketballbetterthananyoneelse(anyotherplayers).

Larry英文說(shuō)的如何?

LarryspeaksEnglishbetterthanIdo.=HespeaksEnglishbetterthanme.

LarryspeaksEnglishmorefluentlythanIdo(thanme).

為啥呢?

因?yàn)長(zhǎng)arry更認(rèn)真地學(xué)習(xí)《不一樣的新概念英語(yǔ)》。

Larrylearns“ThedifferentworldofNewConceptEnglish^morecarefullythanme.

Larry比其他同學(xué)更加經(jīng)常地背誦英文。(聽(tīng)記2)

4.Mysisterisonlyseven,butshealwaystellsmewhethermypicturesare

goodornot.

本句要點(diǎn):whether表示是否,在這里引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。

啥是賓語(yǔ)從句?很簡(jiǎn)單,就是(聽(tīng)記3)

Whether有最重要的兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu):

1)是否whether...

用法:whether+句子+(ornot)/whethertodosth.ornot

場(chǎng)景造句1:

Onenight,Iwaswalkingaloneonamountainroad.

Suddenly,Icaughtsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.

Iwasnotsurewhetheritwasahumanoraghost.

于是我喊道:Whoareyou?Whatdoyouwant?

那人回答:Don'tbeafraid.Iamnotaghost.

Ididn*tknowwhethertobelievehimornot.

Iwasuncertainwhethertostayorrunawayimmediately.

Iaskedhimwhetherheneededanyhelp.

Heansweredno.AndhesaidIhadscaredthehelloutofhim,ashethoughtIwasaghost.

場(chǎng)景造句2:

在一次晚宴上:你發(fā)現(xiàn)有個(gè)朋友Peter還沒(méi)到。

你問(wèn)另一個(gè)朋友Sean:Sean,IsPetercomingtoday?

Sean回答:Idon'tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.

你說(shuō):Whetherhecomesornot,ourdinnerpartywillstartontime.

[這句中的whether引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ),表示無(wú)論,不管]

2)不管,無(wú)論:

孩子生病了不想吃藥,媽媽說(shuō):

Youhavetotakethemedicine,whetheryoulikeitornot.

Youmustobeythelawwhetheryoulikeitornot.

誓言:Whetheryouarerichorpoor,Iwillalwaysbethereforyou.

【聽(tīng)記答案】

1.用容易理解的東西來(lái)說(shuō)明比較抽象、難理解的事情

2.LarryrecitesEnglishmoreoftenthananyotherstudents.

3.一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)

LESSON26如何闡述獨(dú)特見(jiàn)解:誰(shuí)是天生藝術(shù)家

Part3故事轉(zhuǎn)述

1.中英文逐句轉(zhuǎn)述

轉(zhuǎn)述場(chǎng)景:你有個(gè)學(xué)藝術(shù)的朋友叫Jack,有一次他和你聊了關(guān)于藝術(shù)鑒賞的話題,他認(rèn)為小孩

其實(shí)比大人更懂藝術(shù),他舉了自己妹妹的有趣故事。在一次聊天中,你和一個(gè)老外恰好聊到這

個(gè)話題,你想到了Jack和他妹妹的故事。于是你開(kāi)始了自己的轉(zhuǎn)述:

談到藝術(shù)鑒賞,我的朋友Jack有一個(gè)有趣的觀點(diǎn)。

Whenitcomestoartappreciation,myfriendJackhasaninterestingpoint.

Jack是一個(gè)學(xué)藝術(shù)的學(xué)生,他畫(huà)了很多畫(huà)。

Jackisanartstudentandpaintsalotofpictures.

他認(rèn)為大多數(shù)人其實(shí)并不懂得如何欣賞現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)。

Hebelievesthatmostpeopleactuallydon'tunderstandhowtoappreciatemodemart.

他們中很多人假裝知道一幅畫(huà)意味著什么,或者有什么意思。

Manyofthempretendtoknowwhatapictureisaboutorwhatapicturemeans.

但,他們的想法可能太復(fù)雜了。

Buttheirmindsmaybetoocomplicated.

其實(shí),很多的繪畫(huà)并沒(méi)有“意味”著什么,它們不過(guò)是一些好看的圖案。

Infact,manypicturesarenot“about"anything,theyaresimplyprettypatterns.

人們喜愛(ài)這些畫(huà),就像喜歡漂亮的窗簾和美麗的花朵一樣。

Peoplelikethemjustaswelikeprettycurtainmaterialorbeautifulflowers.

換句話說(shuō),我們喜歡一幅畫(huà),并不是因?yàn)樗哂心硞€(gè)意思或者具備某個(gè)目的。

Inotherwords,welikeapicturenotbecauseithasacertain"meaning"orservesasa“purpose”.

我們喜愛(ài)它因?yàn)樗苊馈?/p>

Weloveitbecauseitisbeautiful.

Jack還認(rèn)為,小孩常常比其他人更懂得欣賞現(xiàn)代繪畫(huà)。

Jackalsoarguesthatlittlekidsoftenappreciatemodernpaintingswaybetterthananyoneelse.

他們比大人能觀察到更多。

Theynoticemuchmorethanadultsdo.

Jack的妹妹Rose就是一個(gè)好的例子。

Jack'ssisterRoseisagoodexample.

盡管她才7歲,她常常告訴Jack他的畫(huà)到底好看還是不好看。

Thoughsheisonlysevenyearsold,shealwaystellsJackwhetherhispictureslookgoodornot.

有一天,她走進(jìn)Jack的房間,看見(jiàn)Jack正在把他的新畫(huà)掛在墻上。

Oneday,sheenteredJack'sroomandsawJackhanginghisnewpictureonthewall.

Jack對(duì)自己的新作品很自豪,于是他問(wèn)Rose是否喜歡這幅畫(huà)。

Jackwasproudofhisnewwork,andheaskedRosewhethershelikeditornot.

Rose是怎么回答她哥哥的呢?

HowdidRoseanswerherbrother?

她很挑剔地看了一會(huì)兒,然后對(duì)Jack說(shuō),畫(huà)挺好看的,只不過(guò)好像掛倒了。

ShelookedatitcriticallyfbramomentandtoldJackthepicturelookedgoodbutitseemedtobe

upsidedown.

當(dāng)Jack發(fā)現(xiàn)的確如此,他忍不住笑了。

WhenJackfoundoutitwastrue,hecouldn'thelplaughing.

的確,所有的孩子都是天生的藝術(shù)家。

Indeed,allchildrenarebomartists.

2.全英文轉(zhuǎn)述

Whenitcomestoartappreciation,myfriendJackhasaninterestingpoint.

Jackisanartstudentandpaintsalotofpictures.

Hebelievesthatmostpeopleactuallydon'tunderstandhowtoappreciatemodemart.Manyofthem

pretendtoknowwhatapictureisaboutorwhatapicturemeans.

Buttheirmindsmaybetoocomplicated.

Infact,manypicturesarenot“about”anything,theyaresimplyprettypatterns.Peoplelikethemjust

aswelikeprettycurtainmaterialorbeautifulflowers.Inotherwords,welikeapicturenotbecauseit

hasacertain“meaning"orservesasa“purpose”.Weloveitbecauseitisbeautiful.

Jackalsoarguesthatlittlekidsoftenappreciatemodernpaintingswaybetterthananyoneelse.They

noticemuchmorethanadultsdo.Jack'ssisterRoseisagoodexample.Thoughsheisonlysevenyears

old,shealwaystellsJack,whetherhispictureslookgoodornot.

Oneday,sheenteredJack'sroomandsawJackhanginghisnewpictureonthewall.Jackwasproudof

hisnewwork,andheaskedRosewhethershelikeditornot.

HowdidRoseanswerherbrother?ShelookedatitcriticallyforamomentandtoldJackthepicture

lookedgoodbutitseemedtobeupsidedown.WhenJackfoundoutitwastrue,hecouldn'thelp

laughing.

Indeed,allchildrenarebornartists.

3.點(diǎn)評(píng):“所有的孩子都是天生藝術(shù)家”,但為啥我們扼殺了創(chuàng)造力?

Picassosaid:"allchildrenarebornartists.Theproblemistoremainanartistaswegrowup"Aswe

growup,wegraduallylosetheim

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