高考英語常考中國文化讀寫專練：清明節(jié)+端午節(jié)

Lesson5QingmingFestival清明節(jié)TheQingming(PureBrightness)Festival,whichisalsocalledtheTombSweepingFestival,isoneofthe24seasonaldivisionpointsinChina,fallingonApril4-6eachyear(ItfallsonApril5in2018).Afterthefestival,thetemperaturewillriseupandrainfallincreases.Itisthehightimeforspringplowingandsowing.ButtheQingmingFestivalisnotonlyaseasonalpointtoguidefarmwork;itismoreafestivalofcommemoration.TheQingmingFestivalseesacombinationofsadnessandhappiness.

Thisisthemostimportantdayofsacrifice.BoththeHanandminorityethnicgroupsatthistimeoffersacrificestotheirancestorsandsweepthetombsofthedeceased.Also,theywillnotcookonthisdayandonlycoldfoodisserved.TheHanshi(ColdFood)FestivalwasusuallyonedaybeforetheQingmingFestival.AsourancestorsoftenextendedthedaytotheQingming,theywerelatercombined.

OneachQingmingFestival,allcemeteriesarecrowdedwithpeoplewhocametosweeptombsandoffersacrifices.Trafficonthewaytothecemeteriesbecomesextremelyjammed.Thecustomshavebeengreatlysimplifiedtoday.Afterslightlysweepingthetombs,peopleofferfood,flowersandfavoritesofthedead,thenburnincenseandpapermoneyandbowbeforethememorialtablet.

Incontrasttothesadnessofthetombsweepers,peoplealsoenjoyhopeofspringonthisday.TheQingmingFestivalisatimewhenthesunshinesbrightly,thetreesandgrassbecomegreenandnatureisagainlively.Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavefollowedthecustomofSpringOutings.Atthistimetouristsareeverywhere.

PeoplelovetoflykitesduringtheQingmingFestival.KiteflyingisactuallynotlimitedtotheQingmingFestival.Itsuniquenessliesinthatpeopleflykitesnotduringtheday,butalsoatnight.Astringoflittlelanternstiedontothekiteorthethreadlooklikeshiningstars,andtherefore,arecalled"god'slanterns."

TheQingmingFestivalisalsoatimetoplanttrees,forthesurvivalrateofsaplingsishighandtreesgrowfastlater.Inthepast,theQingmingFestivalwascalled"ArborDay".Butsince1979,"ArborDay"wassettledasMarch12accordingtotheGregoriancalendar.（374words）◆Helper:division[di'vi?(?)n]

分開，分隔plow[pla?]犁耕sow[s?u]播（種）sacrifice['s?krifais]獻祭，供奉minority[mai'n?riti;mi-]少數(shù),少數(shù)民族ethnic['eθnik]少數(shù)民族的成員decease[dI'si:s]<律>死亡cemetery['semitri]墓地，公墓simplify

['simplifai]

\o"真人發(fā)音"簡化incense['insens]

香memorialtablet紀念碑incontrastto[in?k?ntr?sttu:]\o"真人發(fā)音"相比之下uniqueness[ju'ni?kn?s]獨特性arbor['ɑ:b?]樹木sapling['s?pl??]幼樹，樹苗◆ChineseBriefIntroduction:清明節(jié)是農(nóng)歷二十四節(jié)氣之一，在仲春與暮春之交，也就是冬至后的第108天，節(jié)氣是按照陰歷制定的。中國漢族傳統(tǒng)的清明節(jié)大約始于周代，距今已有二千五百多年的歷史。清明一到，氣溫升高，正是春耕春種的大好時節(jié)，也是植樹的好時節(jié)。清明節(jié)是一個祭祀祖先的節(jié)日，傳統(tǒng)活動為掃墓。清明時期，清明掃墓更為盛行。古時掃墓，孩子們還常要放風箏。有的風箏上安有竹笛，經(jīng)風一吹能發(fā)出響聲，猶如箏的聲音。踏青早在唐代就已開始，歷代承襲成為習慣。踏青除了欣賞大自然的湖光山色、春光美景之外，還開展各種文娛活動，增添生活情趣。北宋時期清明節(jié)很是普遍，流傳下來的張澤端的《清明上河圖》描繪的就是北宋徽宗年間清明時節(jié)東京汴梁（開封）汴河兩岸的人物景象。從2008年開始，中國將清明節(jié)認定為法定節(jié)假日，放假一天。至2009年，又改為三天。一直延續(xù)至今?！鬍xercise:I.Questions:1.WhatisitthatisproperforfarmerstododuringtheQingmingFestival?2.WhydowesaytheQingmingFestivalcombinessadnesswithhappiness?3.WhyistherethecustomofSpringOutingsduringtheQingmingFestival?4.WhendoestheChineseArborDayfalleveryyear?II.Writtenwork情景作文：假設你是紅星中學高三一班的學生李華，為響應綠化祖國的號召，你班四月十二日去郊區(qū)植樹，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，介紹植樹活動的全過程，給某英文雜志的“綠色行動”專欄寫一篇以“GreenActioninOurClass”為題的英文稿件。注意：詞數(shù)不少于80提示詞：郊區(qū)suburbs內(nèi)容要點：（1）騎車去植樹（2）植樹（3）安插提示牌（4）照相說明：內(nèi)容要點可用不同方式表達Lesson6DragonBoatFestival TheDragonBoatFestival,the5thdayofthe5thlunarmonth,hashadahistoryofmorethan2,000years.ItisusuallyinJuneintheGregoriancalendar. Therearemanylegendsabouttheevolutionofthefestival,themostpopularofwhichisinmemoryofQuYuan(340-278BC).QuYuanwasministeroftheStateofChuandoneofChina'searliestpoets.InfaceofgreatpressurefromthepowerfulQinState,hesuggestedenrichingthecountryandstrengtheningitsmilitaryforcessoastofightagainsttheQin.However,hewasopposedbynoblemenheadedbyZiLan,andlaterwasforcedtogiveuphispositionandexiledbyKingHuai.Inhisexileddays,hestillcaredmuchforhiscountryandpeopleandwroteimmortalpoemsincludingLiSao(TheLament),TianWen(HeavenlyQuestions)andJiuGe(NineSongs),whichhadfar-reachinginfluences.In278BC,heheardthenewsthatQintroopshadfinallyconqueredChu'scapital,sohefinishedhislastpieceHuaiSha(EmbracingSand)andthrewhimselfintotheMiluoRiver,holdingalargestonetightlywithhisarmsaroundit.Thedayhappenedtobethe5thofthe5thmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Afterhisdeath,thepeopleofChucrowdedtothebankoftherivertopaytheirrespectstohim.Thefishermensailedtheirboatsupanddowntherivertolookforhisbody.Peoplethrewintothewaterzongzi(pyramid-shapedglutinousricedumplingswrappedinreedorbambooleaves)andeggstomakepossiblefishorshrimpchangedirectionavoidingfromattackinghisbody.Anolddoctorpouredajugofyellowricewineintothewater,hopingtoturnallbeastslivinginwaterdrunk.That'swhypeoplelaterfollowedthecustomssuchasdragonboatracing,eatingzongzianddrinkingrealgarwineonthatday. Dragonboatracingisanecessarypartofthefestival,heldalloverthecountry.Asthegunisfired,peoplewillseeracersindragon-shapedcanoespullingtheoarsharmoniouslyandhurriedly,accompaniedbyrapiddrums,speedingtowardtheirdestination.FolktalessaythegameoriginatesfromtheactivitiesofseekingQuYuan'sbody,butexperts,afterpainstakingandcarefulresearch,concludethatdragonboatracingisasemi-religious,semi-entertainingprogramfromtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC).Inthefollowingthousandsofyears,thegamespreadtoJapan,VietnamandBritainaswellasChina'sTaiwanandHongKong.NowdragonboatracinghasdevelopedintoanaquaticsportsitemwhichfeaturesbothChinesetraditionandmodernsportingspirit.In1980,itwaslistedintothestatesportscompetitionprogramsandhassincebeenheldeveryyear.Theawardiscalled"QuYuanCup." ZongziisanessentialfoodoftheDragonBoatFestival.ItissaidthatpeopleatethemintheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC).Inearlytimes,itwasonlyglutinousricedumplingswrappedinreedorotherplantleavesandtiedwithcoloredthread,butnowthefillingsaremorevarious,includingjujubeandbeanpaste,freshmeat,andhamandeggyolk.Iftimepermits,peoplewillbatheglutinousrice,washreedleavesandwrapupzongzithemselves.Otherwise,theywillgotoshopstobuywhateverstufftheywant.ThecustomofeatingzongziisnowpopularinNorthandSouthKorea,JapanandSoutheastAsiannations. OntheDragonBoatFestival,parentsalsoneedtodresstheirchildrenupwithaperfumepouch.Theyfirstsewlittlebagswithcolorfulsilkcloth,thenfillthebagswithperfumesorherbalmedicines,andfinallystringthemwithsilkthreads.Theperfumepouchwillbehungaroundtheneckortiedtothefrontofagarmentasadecoration.It’ssaidtobeabletoturnawayfromevil.（639words）◆Helper:theGregorian[gri'g?:ri?n]

\o"真人發(fā)音"calendar格里歷，陽歷legend

['led?(?)nd]

傳說evolution[,i?v?'lu??(?)n;'ev-]

\o"真人發(fā)音"演變exile

['eksail;'egz-]

\o"真人發(fā)音"流放，放逐glutinous

['glu?tin?s]

黏的，膠質(zhì)的canoe[k?'nu?]獨木舟，輕舟oar[??]槳，櫓semi-religious半宗教性的aquaticsports[?'kw?tik;-'kw?t-]水上運動jujube['d?u?d?u?b]棗perfume['p??fju?m]香水,香料pouch[pa?t?]

\o"真人發(fā)音"小袋herbal['h??b(?)l]藥草的，草本的\o"真人發(fā)音"\o"真人發(fā)音"\o"真人發(fā)音"◆ChineseBriefIntroduction: 端午節(jié)為每年農(nóng)歷五月初五，又稱端陽節(jié)、午日節(jié)、五月節(jié)等。端午節(jié)起源于中國，最初是我國人們以祛病防疫的節(jié)日，后來傳說愛國詩人屈原在這一天死去，也同時成了中國漢族人民紀念屈原的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，以圍繞才華橫溢、遺世獨立的楚國大夫屈原而展開，傳播至華夏各地，民俗文化共享，屈原之名人盡皆知，追懷華夏民族的高潔情懷。但部分地區(qū)也有紀念伍子胥、曹娥等說，且吳越之地以龍舟競渡在此日舉行部落圖騰祭祀的習俗更是早于春秋。端午節(jié)有吃粽子，賽龍舟，掛菖蒲、蒿草、艾葉，薰蒼術(shù)、白芷，喝雄黃酒的習俗?！岸宋绻?jié)”為國家法定節(jié)假日之一，并被列入世界非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄?！鬍xercise:I.Questions:1.WhendoestheDragonBoatFestivaloccurinChina?2.Whydopeoplefollowedthecustomssuchasdragonboatracing,eatingzongzianddrinkingrealgarwineonthatday?3.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutZongzilike?4.Whydochildrenwearaperfumepouch?5.Haveyoueverseenanydragonboatracing?Ifso,pleasedescribeit.II.Writtenwork1.介紹端午節(jié),包括時間、方式和意義三個方面。110詞左右。2.假如你是2018年11月27-29日在浙江省德清舉行的首屆聯(lián)合國世界地理信息大會的一名英語志愿者，除了給來自世界各地的運動員提供幫助外，你的另一使命是向他們傳播中國文化,其中包括中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的介紹。請根據(jù)下面的提示用英語寫一篇短文，向他們介紹中國的端午節(jié)。名稱端午節(jié)歷史2000多年時間每年的農(nóng)歷五月初五；初夏，標志著一年最熱季節(jié)的開始慶?；顒淤慅堉?。以前：只有中國人慶祝；現(xiàn)在：越來越多外國人參加賽龍舟活動特色食品把糯米包裹在新鮮的竹葉里的粽子［寫作要求］使用5個句子表達全部的內(nèi)容。［評分標準］句子結(jié)構(gòu)準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。3.（2015年北京卷）假設你是紅星中學高三李華，請給你的美國朋友Jim寫一封信，告訴他你打算參加龍舟訓練營，希望他一起參加，郵件的內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹訓練營的相關(guān)內(nèi)容

(例如；時間，地點，參加者等)；

2.說明你打算參加的原因；

3.詢問對方的意向。注意：

1.詞數(shù)不少于50；

2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

提示詞：龍舟訓練營

DragonBoatTrainingCamp◆Blessings:1.Fate,letmemeetyou;Happiness,letmeknowyou;Passions,remindsmeofyou;Friendship,letustogether;Information,letmehavetosendyou;Wishyoualltheluck,theDragonBoatFestivalishappy.緣分，讓我遇見你;開心，讓我認識你;牽掛，讓我想起你;友誼，讓我們在一起;信息，讓我不得不發(fā)給你;祝愿你一切都如意，端午節(jié)快樂。2.Ifaflowerrepresentsablessing,Isendtoyouthewholespring!Ifawhitecloudrepresentsalucky,Isendtoyouthewholesky!MayIbeabletoputthebestblessingtoyou,andwishyouhappinessontheDragonBoatFestival!如果一朵花代表一個祝福，我送給你整個春天!如果一朵白云代表一份幸運，我送給你整個天空!愿我能把世上最好的祝福帶給你，祝端午節(jié)快樂!SuggestedAnswers5.TombSweepingFestivalI.Questions:1.Itisproperforfarmerstoplowandsow.2.Notonlyisthisthemostimportantdayofsacrifice,whenpeopleoffersacrificestotheirancestorsandsweepthetombsoftheancestors,butalsotheyenjoyhopeofspringonthisday.3.Becauseitisatimewhenthesunshinesbrightly,thetreesandgrassbecomegreenandnatureisagainlively.It’spropertogoout.4.March12accordingtotheGregoriancalendarII.WrittenworkGreenActioninOurClassApril12ismemorablebecauseourclasshadameaningfulexperienceonthatday.Inthemorning,webicycledtothesuburbstoplanttrees,talkingandlaughingalltheway.Uponarrival,webegantoworkimmediately.Somewerediggingholes.Somewerecarryingandplantingyoungtrees.Otherswerewateringthem.Aftergettingtheworkdone,weputupaboardremindingpeopletoprotectthetrees.Beforeleavingwetooksomephotostorecordourgreenaction.Seeingthelinesoftrees,weallhadasenseofachievement.Wefeelit’sourdutytoprotectandbeautifyourenvironment.6.DragonBoatFestivalI.Questions:1.Itoccursonthe5thdayofthe5thlunarmonth.2.TobeinremembranceofQuYuan,apatriot,whodevotedhimselfforhiscountry.3.Inearlytimes,itwasonlyglutinousricedumplingswrappedinreedorotherplantleavesandtiedwithcoloredthread,butnowthefillingsaremorevarious,includingjujubeandbeanpaste,freshmeat,andhamandeggyolk.4.Becauseitcanbeusedasadecorationandit’ssaidtobeabletoturnawayfromevil.5.seeparagraph3II.Writtenwork1.TheDragonBoatFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival,iscelebratedonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthaccordingtotheChinesecalendar.Itdatesfromover2000yearsago,whichfallsonJune6ththisy