2022年河南省洛陽(yáng)市高一下期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

洛陽(yáng)市2021——2022學(xué)年高一質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1,5分，滿分7,5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUpto2019,thereare55worldheritagesitesinChina,whichhasthesamenumberofsitesasItaly.Herearefourofthem.DaliOldTownTheplaceis13kilometersawayfromXiaguaninDaliCity.WithErhaiLaketotheeast,andCangshanMountaintothewest,itsgrandcitywall,traditionalBaiethnicminorityfolkhousesandbeautifulsceneryhavebeenattractingmanyvisitors.Youmayfindsomeinterestingpeopleorfeaturedlocalsouvenirs.Thearchitecturesintheregionarefineandcivillifeshowsitsactiveaspect.TempleofHeavenThissiteislocatedinthesouthofBeijing.Itcoversanareaof2.73millionm2,inwhichthereisaroundstoneplatenamedtheHeavenStone.Standonittomakeashoutorbeatittosomenoiseandtheechowillarisebutseeminglybeahundredtimeslouderthanyouroriginalvoice.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreaThisarea,northofSichuanProvince,isauniquenaturalwonder.Everyyear,visitorsfromallovertheworldcometoadmirethemountains,lakes,streams,trees,undergroundspringsandwaterfalls,whichmakeJiuzhaigouValleyanareaofoutstandingnaturalbeauty.Thevalleyisalsohometomanyprotectedspeciesofplantsandendangeredanimals.TheLongmenGrottoesLocatedonbothsidesoftheYiRiverinthesouthofLuoyang,Henanprovince,thissitehasmorethan2,300cavesandniches.ThesculpturalartstyleshavegreatinfluenceinChinaandabroad.Ittakesabout30minutesfromtherailwaystationtoLongmenbybus.TheLuoyangPeonyFestivalisheldfromApriltoearlyMayeveryyear,whichisagoodtimeforthoseinterestedinboththeLongmenGrottoesandpeonytovisitLuoyang.21.What’sthecommonfeatureofthefoursites?A.They’reallenormous. B.They’reallhistoricalsites.C.They’realllocatedinBeijing. D.They’reailworldheritagesites.22.WhatcanyouexperienceattheTempleofHeaven?A.Theresponsetoyourvoice. B.Theshoutatyourtopvoice.C.Agoodviewofthetemple. D.Prayforagoodharvest.23.Whichplacewillyougotoifyouareinterestedinextinctspecies?A.DaliOldTown. B.TempleofHeaven.C.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea. D.TheLongmenGrottoes.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四處中國(guó)的世界遺產(chǎn)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Upto2019,thereare55worldheritagesitesinChina,whichhasthesamenumberofsitesasItaly.Herearefourofthem.(截至2019年，中國(guó)共有55處世界遺產(chǎn)，數(shù)量與意大利相當(dāng)。以下是其中的四個(gè))”可知，這四個(gè)地點(diǎn)的共同特點(diǎn)是它們都是世界遺產(chǎn)。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Standonittomakeashoutorbeatittosomenoiseandtheechowillarisebutseeminglybeahundredtimeslouderthanyouroriginalvoice.(站在上面發(fā)出一聲喊叫或者隨著一些聲音擊打它，回聲就會(huì)出現(xiàn)，但似乎比你原來(lái)的聲音大一百倍)”可知，在天壇你能體驗(yàn)到對(duì)你聲音的回應(yīng)。故選A。23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Thevalleyisalsohometomanyprotectedspeciesofplantsandendangeredanimals.(這個(gè)山谷也是許多受保護(hù)的植物和瀕危動(dòng)物的家園)”可知，如果你對(duì)滅絕的物種感興趣，你可以去九寨溝風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)。故選C。BDavidRockefeller,theworld’soldestbillionaire,diedattheageof101becauseofheartfailureathishomeinPocanticoHills,NewYork.Asabanker,philanthropistandpresidentialadviser,Rockefellerwasworth$3.3billionatthetimeofhisdeath.TheheirtotherenownedRockefellerfortune,borneoutofhisgrandfather’sfoundingoftheStandardOilCompany,wasthe604thrichestpersonintheworldwhenhedied.AgraduateofHarvardUniversity,Rockefellerspent35yearsworkingforChaseManhattanBankandwasknownforhisphilanthropy.Throughouthislife,hedonatedmorethan$2billionofhisfortunetovariousinstitutions.DavidRockefellerarrivedattheNationalArtsAwardsinNewYorkCity.“Noindividualhascontributedmoretothecommercialandpeople’slifeofNewYorkCityoveralongerperiodoftimethanDavidRockefeller,”formerNewYorkCityMayorMichaelBloombergsaidinastatement.DuringmytimeinCityHall,hewasalwaysthereforthecitywhenwecalled.”Atvarioustimes,Rockefellerdonated$100milliontoHarvard,$225milliontotheRockefellerBrothersFundand$100milliontotheMuseumofModernArt.OtherpeopleofhisgenerosityincludedtheCouncilonForeignRelations,theAmericasSociety/CounciloftheAmericasandtheStoneBarnsCenterforFoodandAgriculture.Rockefelleralsoservedasanadvisertomanypresidents,includingGeorgeH.W.Bush.“BarbaraandIweredeeplysadtohearthatourwonderfulfriendDavidRockefeller,hadpassedfromthisgoodearth.Somanyknewhimasoneofthemostgenerousphilanthropists—andbrightestPointsofLight—whosecareandcommitmenttothewidestrangeofworthymadecountlesslivestouchedandlifted,”hesaid.“Wesendourmostsincereandheartfeltcondolencestohischildrenandfamily.’’24.ThelastsentenceinParagraph2istoshowRockefellerwas________.A.ambitious B.successful C.devoted D.determined25.WhatcanweinferfromMichaelBloomberg’sstatement?A.Rockefellerwastheworld’soldestmillionaire. B.Rockefellerwastheworld’srichestmillionaire.C.Rockefellertriedhisbesttocontributetohiscity. D.Rockefellerwasthemostinfluentialtohiscity.26.HowmuchdidRockefellerdonatetohisoldschool?A.$100million. B.$100billion. C.$225million. D.$3.3billion.27.WhichaspectofRockefellerslifedoesthelastparagraphdescribe?A.Hisidentityasabanker. B.Hisidentityasagrandfather.C.Hisidentityasaphilanthropist. D.Hisidentityasapresidentialadviser.【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要說(shuō)明了世界上最年長(zhǎng)的億萬(wàn)富翁大衛(wèi)·洛克菲勒因心臟衰竭在紐約波坎蒂科山的家中去世，享年101歲。文章介紹了他的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及對(duì)社會(huì)的杰出貢獻(xiàn)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“AgraduateofHarvardUniversity,Rockefellerspent35yearsworkingforChaseManhattanBankandwasknownforhisphilanthropy.Throughouthislife,hedonatedmorethan$2billionofhisfortunetovariousinstitutions.DavidRockefellerarrivedattheNationalArtsAwardsinNewYorkCity.(Rockefeller畢業(yè)于哈佛大學(xué)，在大通曼哈頓銀行工作了35年，以慈善事業(yè)聞名。在他的一生中，他向各種機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈(zèng)了超過(guò)20億美元的財(cái)產(chǎn)。DavidRockefeller來(lái)到紐約參加國(guó)家藝術(shù)大獎(jiǎng))”可推知，第二段的最后一句話是展示Rockefellers是成功的。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中““Noindividualhascontributedmoretothecommercialandpeople’slifeofNewYorkCityoveralongerperiodoftimethanDavidRockefeller,”formerNewYorkCityMayorMichaelBloombergsaidinastatement.(前紐約市市長(zhǎng)邁克爾·布隆伯格在一份聲明中說(shuō)：“在這么長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，沒(méi)有人比大衛(wèi)·洛克菲勒對(duì)紐約市的商業(yè)和人們的生活做出的貢獻(xiàn)更多了?！?”可推知，Rockefellers盡他最大的努力為他的城市做貢獻(xiàn)。故選C?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AgraduateofHarvardUniversity,Rockefellerspent35yearsworkingforChaseManhattanBankandwasknownforhisphilanthropy.(Rockefeller畢業(yè)于哈佛大學(xué)，在大通曼哈頓銀行工作了35年，以慈善事業(yè)聞名)”以及第三段中“Atvarioustimes,Rockefellerdonated$100milliontoHarvard,$225milliontotheRockefellerBrothersFundand$100milliontotheMuseumofModernArt.(Rockefellers先后向哈佛大學(xué)捐贈(zèng)了1億美元，向洛克菲勒兄弟基金捐贈(zèng)了2.25億美元，向現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館捐贈(zèng)了1億美元)”可知，Rockefellers給他的母校捐了1億美元。故選A。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Rockefelleralsoservedasanadvisertomanypresidents,includingGeorgeH.W.Bush.(洛克菲勒還擔(dān)任過(guò)許多總統(tǒng)的顧問(wèn)，包括GeorgeH.W.Bush)”可知，最后一段描述了Rockefellers的總統(tǒng)顧問(wèn)身份。故選D。CAUniversityCollegeLondonmodelingreportlookedaturbancarusetoconcludethatcitieshavetobecomecar-freetosurvive.Thestudynotesthenumberofcarsisactuallyincreasingfasterthanthepopulation—in2019,80millioncarswerebuiltwhilethepopulationincreasedby78million.Theproductionofthesecarswereresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.That’sbiggerthanaviationandalmostasbigasthesteelandconcreteindustries,andthat’sbeforeyouevenfuelorchargethemup.Thestudyauthorsconstructamathematicalmodelwheretimeismoney,andresidentschoosebetweendrivingtheircarsandtakingpublictransportonthebasisofthetimeittakestodothetrip.Itturnedoutthatthemorepeoplewhodecidethatdrivingisfaster,themorecrowdedtheroads,andthelongerthetriptakes.Onesolutionistobuildmoretransitorbikelanesandreducetrafficlanesandparkingtogetmorepeopleoutofcars.Thiswouldmakeitfasterforeveryone.Butthisishardtodo.Therapidgrowthoftheurbanpopulation,landusepolicies,andtheexpansionofsuburbanareasmakeitimpossibletowalkorrideabiketoandfromtheoffice.It’salsoeconomicallycostlytointroduceefficientpublictransportwithhighfrequencyandwithineasywalkingdistance.TherewasareportcomingfromLondonshowingthereareincrediblebattlesovereveryefforttocalmstreetsandreducetraffic.It’sgottothepointwherethedriversclaimtheyactuallyrepresentdisabledpeoplewhohavetodrive,businessesthatneedcustomerswhodrive,andpoorpeoplewhohavetobreathetheexhaust.It’sallupsidedown.Inthepressrelease,Dr.HumbertoGonzalezRamirezsaid,“Currently,muchofthelandincitiesisdedicatedtocars.Ifourgoalistohavemoreliveableandsustainablecities,thenwemusttakepartofthislandandallocateittoalternativemodesoftransportation:walking,cycling,andpublictransport.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aviation”inParagraph1referto?A.Thetrafficjam. B.Theairlineindustry. C.Themodelingindustry. D.Theairpollution.29.TheauthormentionedthemathematicalmodelinParagraph2________.A.toaskpeopletotravelmorebybicycleinsteadofbycarB.toencouragepeopletopayattentiontoenvironmentalproblemsCtoshowtheeffectofincreasedcarproductionontransportationD.toprovetrafficisoneofthemajorcausesofglobalwanning30.What’sDr.Humberto’sattitudetoremovingcarsoutofthecity?A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Supportive.31.Whattexttypeisthispieceofwriting?A.Anexpositiveessay. B.Anargumentativeessay.C.Anarrativeessay. D.Asciencefiction.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究指出為了生存，城市必須實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)車化。介紹了實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)車化的解決方案以及存在的爭(zhēng)議。【28題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theproductionofthesecarswereresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.(這些汽車的生產(chǎn)占全球二氧化碳排放量的4%)”以及畫(huà)線詞后文“andalmostasbigasthesteelandconcreteindustries,andthat’sbeforeyouevenfuelorchargethemup”可知，汽車生產(chǎn)占全球二氧化碳排放量的4%，且在給它們加油或充電之前，說(shuō)明aviation指的是需要加油或充電的產(chǎn)業(yè)，即航空業(yè)，故畫(huà)線詞意思是“航空業(yè)”。故選B?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudyauthorsconstructamathematicalmodelwheretimeismoney,andresidentschoosebetweendrivingtheircarsandtakingpublictransportonthebasisofthetimeittakestodothetrip.Itturnedoutthatthemorepeoplewhodecidethatdrivingisfaster,themorecrowdedtheroads,andthelongerthetriptakes.(該研究的作者構(gòu)建了一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)模型，在這個(gè)模型中，時(shí)間就是金錢(qián)，居民根據(jù)出行所需的時(shí)間在開(kāi)車和乘坐公共交通工具之間做出選擇。事實(shí)證明，認(rèn)為開(kāi)車更快的人越多，道路就越擁擠，行駛時(shí)間也就越長(zhǎng))”可推知，作者在第二段中提到了數(shù)學(xué)模型是為了顯示汽車產(chǎn)量增加對(duì)交通運(yùn)輸?shù)挠绊憽９蔬xC?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifourgoalistohavemoreliveableandsustainablecities,thenwemusttakepartofthislandandallocateittoalternativemodesoftransportation:walking,cycling,andpublictransport.(如果我們的目標(biāo)是擁有更宜居、更可持續(xù)的城市，那么我們必須拿出一部分土地，將其分配給其他交通方式：步行、自行車和公共交通)”可推知，Humberto博士對(duì)把車移出城市持支持態(tài)度。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“AUniversityCollegeLondonmodelingreportlookedaturbancarusetoconcludethatcitieshavetobecomecar-freetosurvive.Thestudynotesthenumberofcarsisactuallyincreasingfasterthanthepopulation—in2019,80millioncarswerebuiltwhilethepopulationincreasedby78million.(倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院(UniversityCollegeLondon)的一份模擬報(bào)告對(duì)城市汽車使用情況進(jìn)行了研究，得出的結(jié)論是，為了生存，城市必須實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)車化。該研究指出，汽車數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)實(shí)際上比人口增長(zhǎng)更快——2019年，汽車產(chǎn)量為8000萬(wàn)輛，而人口增長(zhǎng)了7800萬(wàn))”結(jié)合下文介紹了實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)車化的解決方案以及存在的爭(zhēng)議推知，文章是說(shuō)明性文章。故選A。DDuringahurricane,strongwindshittheland.Windsreachspeedsof250kilometersperhourormore.Someanimalsincludinglizards(蜥蜴),maygetblownaway.Butwithagoodgrip(緊抓),otherscanlivethroughthestorm.Anewstudysuggeststhatsuchhurricanescanactuallyhelplizardstosomedegree.ColinDonihue,ascientistexaminedlizardspeciesonseveralCaribbeanislands.Theprocessbeganin2017,asDonihuewasstudyinglizardpopulationsinTurksandCaicos.Acoupleofweeksafterheandotherresearchersleftthere,thoseislandswerehitbyhurricanes,firstHurricaneIrmaandthenHurricaneMaria.Returningtotheislandayearlater,henoticedthatthepopulationslookeddifferent.Thelizardshesawafterthehurricaneshadlargertoepadsthanthosehe’dexaminedthepreviousyearbeforethehurricanes.Hehaslookedat12islandpopulationsofthelizardspeciesAnolissagrei,andseparatelyanalyzed188AnolisspecieswithpopulationsthatrangefromFloridatoBrazil.Heandhisteamcross-examinedthesizeoftheirtoepadswiththefrequencyandseverity(強(qiáng)度)ofCaribbeanhurricanes.Overthepast70yearsofhurricanedata,theresultstoodout:largertoepadshadacloseconnectionwithmoreserioushurricanes.Thestudybetterexplainedhowevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)processesarehelpingspeciesbecomestronger,evenasglobalclimatechangethreatenstheirlong-termsurvival.Inthepasthurricanessimplyhaven’tbeencommonenoughtomatterinanevolutionarytimeline.Butduetoclimatechange,therewillbemorehurricanes.Somepopulationscanbecompletelydestroyedbyhurricanes.ButinthecaseofthelizardsDonihuestudied,theonesthatsurvivedtheseviolentstormsweretheoneswithlargertoepads.Andtheirbabiesalsohadsimilarlylargetoepads.Thatsmallchangeintheirbodytellsushowspecieschangeastheenvironmentaroundthemchangesaswell.32.WhatdidColinDonihue’sstudyfind?A.Hurricaneshadaninfluenceonlizards’evolution.B.ManykindsoflizardsexistedontheCaribbeanislands.C.HurricanesIrmaandMariacausedlizards5extinction.D.Thelizardsontheislandswerestrongerthanothers.33.AccordingtoParagraph3lizardswithlargertoepadsmay________.A.haveasmallpopulation B.dowellinfindingfoodC.tendtofightintenselywitheachother D.bespottedwherehurricaneshithard34.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Humansmustcontributetolizards9development.B.Somespeciesbecomestrongerduetoclimatechange.C.Lizardswillberemovedfromtheearthsoonerorlater.D.Climatechangeoftenbringsdisadvantagestolizards.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThePerfectPlaceforLizardstoLive B.MoreHurricanesHittheCaribbeanIslandsC.HurricanesHelpLizardsGrowStronger D.ToughLifeforLizardsontheCaribbeanIslands【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)颶風(fēng)會(huì)使得一部分動(dòng)物包括蜥蜴被吹走，但是一些在颶風(fēng)中幸存下來(lái)的蜥蜴他們的趾墊會(huì)變得更大，結(jié)果表明颶風(fēng)對(duì)蜥蜴的進(jìn)化有一定的影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Overthepast70yearsofhurricanedata,theresultstoodout:largertoepadshadacloseconnectionwithmoreserioushurricanes.”（過(guò)去70多年的颶風(fēng)數(shù)據(jù)研究結(jié)果很突出地表明，更大的趾墊和更加嚴(yán)重的颶風(fēng)有關(guān)。）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)颶風(fēng)越是厲害，蜥蜴的趾墊會(huì)越大。說(shuō)明颶風(fēng)影響了蜥蜴趾墊的進(jìn)化。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第三句“ButinthecaseofthelizardsDonihuestudied,theonesthatsurvivedtheseviolentstormsweretheoneswithlargertoepads.”（但是在Donihue研究的蜥蜴案例中，那些在猛烈的暴風(fēng)雨中幸存下來(lái)的蜥蜴往往有更大的趾墊。）可知，那些有較大趾墊的蜥蜴在那些經(jīng)受巨大颶風(fēng)的地方會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Somepopulationscanbecompletelydestroyedbyhurricanes.ButinthecaseofthelizardsDonihuestudied,theonesthatsurvivedtheseviolentstormsweretheoneswithlargertoepads.Andtheirbabiesalsohadsimilarlylargetoepads.Thatsmallchangeintheirbodytellsushowspecieschangeastheenvironmentaroundthemchangesaswell.”（有些物種會(huì)被颶風(fēng)完全摧毀。但是在Donihue研究的蜥蜴案例中，那些在猛烈的暴風(fēng)雨中幸存下來(lái)的蜥蜴往往有更大的趾墊。而且他們的幼崽也同樣有大的趾墊。他們身體上一些小的變化告訴我們物種是如何隨著環(huán)境的變化也發(fā)生變化的。）可推測(cè)，那些沒(méi)有被氣候變化摧毀的物種會(huì)變得更加強(qiáng)大來(lái)適應(yīng)這種氣候變化。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章首段介紹了研究表明颶風(fēng)在一定程度上幫助了蜥蜴的發(fā)展。第二段研究者們發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在颶風(fēng)中存或下來(lái)的蜥蜴擁有了更大的趾墊。最后一段總結(jié)環(huán)境變化能讓存活下來(lái)的物種更加強(qiáng)大。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“颶風(fēng)幫助蜥蜴變得更強(qiáng)”。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TakingonlineclassesfromfarawayFaiqa,a15-year-oldfreshmanatapublichighschool,logsintoherall-remoteclasseseachnightfromPakistaninatimezoneninehoursahead.Max,whoalsoattendsschoolinthesamestate,hasjoinedhisAdvancedPlacementhistoryclassforabouttwomonthsfromGuayaquil,Ecuador.____36____.Duringthepandemic,almostnothingaboutschoolhasbeennormal,soadministratorsandteachershavecomeupwithasolution:____37____.Somestudentsinimmigrantcommunitiesareloggingintoschoolfromthousandsofmilesaway.Itisunclearhowwidespreadthepracticeis.Butout-of-countryloginshavebecomeincreasinglycommonsincelatefallaccordingtoeducatorsinthecountry.____38____,andotherstemporarilylefttheirhomelandtocareforsickrelatives.However,becauseofthepandemic,theyallcan’tcomebackhome.Remoteeducationisreallyusefulforthem.____39____.“Werecognizethatthechallengesofthepandemicmayhavetemporarilychangedcircumstancesforourfamilies,andourschoolsaredeliveringstrongvirtualinstructiontothosewhohavechosentolearnremotely,”Ms.Filson,thedistrict’sspokeswoman,saysinastatement.Maxsaysheisgratefulthatheisstillabletologintoclassesduringthespecialperiodoftime.“____40____,”hesays.A.MissingschoolforalongtimeisreallybadB.SomefamiliespaidavisittoothercountriesC.I’mdesperatetogetbacktotheonlineworldD.studentstakevirtualclassesfromoutsidethestateE.overtwo-thirdsofyoungstudentsfinditeasiertolearnlessonsonlineF.Max’sschoolmate,Naobe,participatesinclassesfromnorthernHondurasG.Theofficialssayitispossibleforstudentstologinfromanywhereintheworld【答案】36.F37.D38.B39.G40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了疫情期間，國(guó)外某些國(guó)家采取遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)的情況?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Faiqa,a15-year-oldfreshmanatapublichighschool,logsintoherall-remoteclasseseachnightfromPakistaninatimezoneninehoursahead.Max,whoalsoattendsschoolinthesamestate,hasjoinedhisAdvancedPlacementhistoryclassforabouttwomonthsfromGuayaquil,Ecuador.(15歲的Faiqa是一所公立高中的大一新生，她每天晚上都要提前9個(gè)小時(shí)從巴基斯坦的一個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)登錄她的遠(yuǎn)程課堂。Max也在這個(gè)州上學(xué)，他從厄瓜多爾瓜亞基爾上了兩個(gè)月的大學(xué)先修歷史課)”可知，上文主要列舉了不同的學(xué)生上課的情況，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中Max對(duì)應(yīng)上文中Max。故F選項(xiàng)“Max的同學(xué)Naobe參加了來(lái)自北洪都拉斯的課程”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Duringthepandemic,almostnothingaboutschoolhasbeennormal,soadministratorsandteachershavecomeupwithasolution(在疫情期間，學(xué)校幾乎沒(méi)有任何正常情況，所以管理人員和教師想出了一個(gè)解決方案)”以及后文“Somestudentsinimmigrantcommunitiesareloggingintoschoolfromthousandsofmilesaway.(移民社區(qū)的一些學(xué)生從數(shù)千英里外登錄到學(xué)校)”可知，后文提到了登錄學(xué)校，可知本句承接上文說(shuō)明解決方案是什么。故D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生從州外參加虛擬課程”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itisunclearhowwidespreadthepracticeis.Butout-of-countryloginshavebecomeincreasinglycommonsincelatefallaccordingtoeducatorsinthecountry.(目前還不清楚這種做法有多普遍。但據(jù)該國(guó)教育工作者稱，自秋末以來(lái)，境外登錄已變得越來(lái)越普遍)”以及后文“andotherstemporarilylefttheirhomelandtocareforsickrelatives(還有一些人暫時(shí)離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)照顧生病的親人)”可知，上文提到境外登錄變得普遍，后文則說(shuō)一些人暫時(shí)離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)照顧生病的親人，可見(jiàn)一些家庭去了國(guó)外，故B選項(xiàng)“一些家庭去了其他國(guó)家”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。【39題詳解】根據(jù)后文““Werecognizethatthechallengesofthepandemicmayhavetemporarilychangedcircumstancesforourfamilies,andourschoolsaredeliveringstrongvirtualinstructiontothosewhohavechosentolearnremotely,”Ms.Filson,thedistrict’sspokeswoman,saysinastatement.(該地區(qū)發(fā)言人菲爾森在一份聲明中說(shuō)：“我們認(rèn)識(shí)到，大流行的挑戰(zhàn)可能暫時(shí)改變了我們家庭的情況，我們的學(xué)校正在向那些選擇遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)的人提供強(qiáng)有力的虛擬教學(xué)?！?”可知，后文提到發(fā)言人說(shuō)學(xué)校向那些選擇遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)的人提供強(qiáng)有力的虛擬教學(xué)，可見(jiàn)官方也允許學(xué)生遠(yuǎn)程上課，在世界任何地方都可以登錄。故G選項(xiàng)“官員們表示，學(xué)生們?cè)谑澜缛魏蔚胤蕉伎梢缘卿洝狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選G。【40題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Maxsaysheisgratefulthatheisstillabletologintoclassesduringthespecialperiodoftime.(Max說(shuō)他很感激在特殊的時(shí)間段他還能登錄到課堂上)”可知，上文提到Max感激特殊時(shí)期還是能上課，可知他不喜歡不能上學(xué)。故A選項(xiàng)“很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間不上學(xué)真的很糟糕”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Duringateamofonlinelearning,theteachershaddonetheirbesttokeepstudents____41____duringtheCOVID-19pandemic.Andstudentsarenowreturningthefavorbysurprisingtheirteacherswithmessagesof____42____.“Iwantedmyprofessorstoknowtheywere____43____foralltheinspiringwordstheysayandtheir____44____,”FaithWilliams,astudentatauniversity,said.“Thisteacher-appreciationactionkept____45____onmyTikTokandineachvideoteachersbrokedowninfrontoftheirstudents,whichwasreallymoving,”shesaid.Williams’ownvideosurprisedher____46____MichaelRapp,gainedimmediateattentionfromviewersandreceived____47____comments.“Rappreally____48____hisstudents’livesandhasgreatpopularityacrosscampus.YoucantellbythecommentsonmyTikTokthatmanystudentslovethecaringand____49____professor,”sheadded.Williamsexplainedthatshe____50____hersurpriseviaamassemailtoherclassmates,encouragingthemtomaketheirownsignsand____51____themwhentoshowthemoff.Asseeninthevideo,itwasperfectly____52____withtheprofessorsayinggoodbyetotheclassasthe____53____termended.“YoucanalwaysfindmeandI’llalwaysbethereif____54____Goodluckwitheverythinginyourlife,”Rappsaid____55____,beforegoingspeechlessatthesightofthesigns.“Thankyou”hesaidwithtearsinhiseyes.“SorryifIgotalittle____56____rightthere,butthankyousomuch.IhopeIhadasmuchof____57____onyouasyoujustdidrighthereforme...That’ssomethingthatIwilldefinitely____58____forever.”Many____59____receivingtheseteacher-appreciationvideosdisplayedthesamereactionasRapp.“Iwillneverforgetthis.Itwasso____60____,”oneofthemsaid.41.A.realistic B.reserved C.motivated D.defensive42A.regret B.persistence C.approval D.gratefulness43.A.appreciated B.invited C.blamed D.preferred44.A.congratulation B.commitment C.ambition D.reference45.A.settingout B.gettingon C.showingup D.droppingout46.A.professor B.mate C.leader D.opponent47.A.usual B.countless C.regular D.memorial48.A.touched B.controlled C.designed D.protected49.A.interesting B.willing C.knowledgeable D.enthusiastic50.A.received B.organized C.recognized D.delayed51.A.convincing B.instructing C.demanding D.promising52.A.added B.seen C.timed D.understood53.A.new B.long C.following D.academic54.A.helped B.found C.lost D.needed55.A.hopefully B.simply C.normally D.fluently56.A.boring B.emotional C.determined D.passionate57A.value B.stimulation C.influence D.relation58.A.respect B.forgive C.host D.remember59.A.universities B.websites C.educators D.publishers60.A.comforting B.fashionable C.common D.sensitive【答案】41.C42.D43.A44.B45.C46.A47.B48.A49.D50.B51.B52.C53.D54.D55.A56.B57.C58.D59.C60.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章講述了大學(xué)生FaithWilliams在抖音上發(fā)布感謝老師的視頻，讓她的教授MichaelRapp大吃一驚，視頻迅速引起關(guān)注，并獲得了大量的評(píng)論，由此表達(dá)了對(duì)老師們?cè)贑OVID-19大流行期間竭盡全力保持學(xué)生的積極性的感激之情。【41題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一組在線學(xué)習(xí)中，老師們?cè)贑OVID-19大流行期間盡最大努力保持學(xué)生的積極性。A.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的，實(shí)際的；B.reserved寡言少語(yǔ)的；C.motivated積極的，主動(dòng)的；D.defensive防御的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及下文“Iwantedmyprofessorstoknowtheywere____3____foralltheinspiringwordstheysay…”可知，此處指老師們?cè)谝咔槠陂g努力讓學(xué)生保持對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，學(xué)生們也開(kāi)始回敬老師，向他們表達(dá)感激之情，令老師感到驚訝。A.regret后悔；B.persistence堅(jiān)持不懈；C.approval贊成，許可；D.gratefulness感激。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及下文“Thisteacher-appreciationactionkept____5____onmyTikTok”可知，學(xué)生們感謝老師，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一所大學(xué)的學(xué)生FaithWilliams說(shuō)：“我想讓我的教授們知道，他們因?yàn)樗泄奈枞诵牡脑捳Z(yǔ)和他們的奉獻(xiàn)而受到感謝。”A.appreciated感謝，感激；B.invited邀請(qǐng)；C.blamed責(zé)怪；D.preferred更喜歡，寧可。根據(jù)下句中“Histeacher-appreciationaction”可知，此處指感謝老師。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一所大學(xué)的學(xué)生FaithWilliams說(shuō)：“我想讓我的教授們知道，他們因?yàn)樗泄奈枞诵牡脑捳Z(yǔ)和他們的奉獻(xiàn)而受到感謝。”A.congratulation祝賀；B.commitment奉獻(xiàn)，投入；C.ambition抱負(fù)，雄心；D.reference提及，查閱。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及“alltheinspiringwordstheysay”可知，此處指因老師的鼓勵(lì)和奉獻(xiàn)而感謝他們。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“感謝老師的行為不斷出現(xiàn)在我的TikTok上，在每一個(gè)視頻中，老師們?cè)趯W(xué)生面前崩潰了，這真的很感人。”她說(shuō)。A.settingout出發(fā)；B.gettingon上車；C.showingup出現(xiàn)；D.droppingout退出，退學(xué)。根據(jù)“andineachvideoteachersbrokedowninfrontoftheirstudents,whichwasreallymoving”可知，她看到感謝老師的行為，所以此處指“出現(xiàn)在我的抖音上”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：William自己的視頻讓她的教授MichaelRapp大吃一驚，立即引起了觀眾的關(guān)注，并收到了無(wú)數(shù)評(píng)論。A.professor教授；B.mate伙伴，同伴；C.leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.opponent對(duì)手。根據(jù)上文“ineachvideoteachersbrokedowninfrontoftheirstudents”及下文“Rappreally____8____hisstudents”可知，MichaelRapp是老師，故選A項(xiàng)。【47題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：William自己的視頻讓她的教授MichaelRapp大吃一驚，立即引起了觀眾的關(guān)注，并收到了無(wú)數(shù)評(píng)論。A.usual通常的；B.countless無(wú)數(shù)的；C.regular有規(guī)律的；D.memorial紀(jì)念的。根據(jù)“gainedimmediateattentionfromviewers”可知，視頻引起關(guān)注，收到無(wú)數(shù)的評(píng)論。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Rapp真的觸動(dòng)了他的學(xué)生的生活，在校園里很受歡迎。A.touched感動(dòng)，觸動(dòng)；B.controlled控制；C.designed設(shè)計(jì)；D.protected保護(hù)。根據(jù)“hasgreatpopularityacrosscampus”及下一句“manystudentslovethecaringand____9____professor”可知，Rapp觸動(dòng)了學(xué)生的生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“你可以從我的TikTok上的評(píng)論中看出，許多學(xué)生喜歡這位充滿愛(ài)心和熱情的教授，”她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。A.interesting有趣的；B.willing愿意的，樂(lè)意的；C.knowledgeable有見(jiàn)識(shí)的，知識(shí)淵博的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及“caring”可知，教授對(duì)學(xué)生充滿愛(ài)心又熱情。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Williams解釋說(shuō)，她通過(guò)群發(fā)郵件給同學(xué)們組織了這次驚喜，鼓勵(lì)他們制作自己的標(biāo)語(yǔ)，并指導(dǎo)他們何時(shí)展示這些標(biāo)語(yǔ)。A.received收到；B.organized組織，籌備；C.recognized辨別，認(rèn)出；D.delayed推遲，延期。根據(jù)“viaamassemailtoherclassmates”可知，此處指通過(guò)群發(fā)郵件組織、安排了這次驚喜。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞義辨析。句意：Williams解釋說(shuō)，她通過(guò)群發(fā)郵件給同學(xué)們組織了這次驚喜，鼓勵(lì)他們制作自己的標(biāo)語(yǔ)，并指導(dǎo)他們何時(shí)展示這些標(biāo)語(yǔ)。A.convincing令人信服；B.instructing指導(dǎo)；C.demanding強(qiáng)烈要求，需要；D.promising承諾。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，Williams組織這次驚喜，并指導(dǎo)他們?nèi)绾握故具@些標(biāo)語(yǔ)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：正如視頻中所示，這段視頻正好趕上教授在學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)向同學(xué)們告別。A.added添加，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)；B.seen看見(jiàn)；C.timed為……安排時(shí)間，選擇……的時(shí)間；D.understood理解，明白。根據(jù)“withtheprofessorsayinggoodbyetotheclass”可知，這段視頻正好趕上教授在學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)向同學(xué)們告別。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：正如視頻中所示，在學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)候，教授向?qū)W生們告別的時(shí)機(jī)恰到好處。A.new新的；B.long長(zhǎng)的；C.following接下來(lái)的；D.academic學(xué)術(shù)的。根據(jù)“sayinggoodbyetotheclass”可知，此處指學(xué)期結(jié)束了，academicterm學(xué)期，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以隨時(shí)找到我，如果需要的話，我永遠(yuǎn)在你身邊。A.helped幫助；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到；C.lost丟失；D.needed需要。根據(jù)“I’llalwaysbethere”可知，此處指如果需要，隨時(shí)都在。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“祝你生活中的一切好運(yùn)?！盧app滿懷希望地說(shuō)，但看到這些標(biāo)語(yǔ)后他說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。A.hopefully有希望地；B.simply簡(jiǎn)單地；C.normally正常地；D.fluently流利地。根據(jù)“Goodluckwitheverythinginyourlife”可知，此處指滿懷希望地說(shuō)。故選A項(xiàng)。【56題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：抱歉我有點(diǎn)激動(dòng)了，但還是非常感謝你們。A.boring令人厭煩的；B.emotional情緒激動(dòng)的；C.determined堅(jiān)定的；D.passionate熱情的，狂熱的。根據(jù)“beforegoingspeechlessatthesightofthesigns.”可知，教授看到標(biāo)語(yǔ)后說(shuō)不出話，所以此處指情緒激動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望我對(duì)你的影響能像你剛才對(duì)我的影響一樣大。A.value價(jià)值；B.stimulation刺激，激勵(lì)；C.influence影響；D.relation聯(lián)系，關(guān)系。此處指教授對(duì)學(xué)生們的影響，haveaninfluenceon對(duì)……有影響，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我絕對(duì)會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)記住的事情。A.respect尊重；B.forgive原諒；C.host主辦；D.remember記得。結(jié)合“forever”及最后一段中“Iwillneverforgetthis.(我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記)”可知，教授深受感動(dòng)，將永遠(yuǎn)記住。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：許多收到這些感謝老師的視頻的教育工作者都表現(xiàn)出和拉普一樣的反應(yīng)。A.universities大學(xué)；B.websites網(wǎng)站；C.educators教育工作者，教師；D.publishers出版者。根據(jù)“receivingtheseteacher-appreciationvideos”可知，收到感謝教師視頻的應(yīng)是教師。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它是如此令人欣慰。A.comforting安慰的，令人欣慰的；B.fashionable時(shí)尚的；C.common普通的；D.sensitive敏感的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，教師收到學(xué)生的感謝應(yīng)是感到欣慰。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1,5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Countingdowntheir180-daystayinChina’sspacehome,theShenzhou-13astronautshavestar