八年級英語下冊Unit10I`vehadthisbikeforthreeyears課件2（完整版）2

Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.SectionA1a-2d1aLookatthethingsattheyardsale.Doyouhaveanyofthesethingsathome?Howlonghaveyouhadthem?LanguageGoal:Talkaboutpossessionsandthingsaroundyou.1bListenandcheck(?)thefactsyouhear.____Jeff’sfamilyishavingayardsale.____Amythinksitshardtosellheroldthings.____ Jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years.____Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecause

theybringbacksweetmemories. ____Youcanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeople

inneed.???Amy：Youhavesomegreatthingsatthisyardsale,Jeff.Jeff：Thanks,Amy.Ourfamilyhascollectedsomanythingsovertheyears,butwedon’tusethemanymore.Amy:Butisn’tithardtosellsomeofyourthings?TherearemanythingsI’vehadsinceIwas

achild.Idon’tthinkIcouldsellthem.Jeff:Yes,itshardtosaygoodbyetocertainthings.Amy:Bytheway,howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?TapescriptsJeff:I’vehaditforthreeyears!Ilearnedhowtorideabikeonit.Amy:Oldthingsreallybringbacksweetmemories.Butit’struethatwemayneverusesomeofthesethingsagain.Jeff:Yes,likeoldtoysorbooksyou’vealreadyread.Youcansellthose,oryoucanalsogivethemawaytokidsorpeoplewhoneedthem.Amy:Oh!Howmuchisthisbook?Jeff：Youcanhaveitfor75cents.現(xiàn)在完成時：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或保存的狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞一般疑問句：have/has…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.Revision1.現(xiàn)在完成時動詞構(gòu)成have/has+v過去分詞助動詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問Haveyou…?Hashe…?常與下列時間狀語連用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimes現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語連用。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與for或since引起的一段時間狀語連用。動詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2004IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2004/threeyearsago.nowpast注意:現(xiàn)在完成時不能和明確指出時間的狀語(如:yesterday,last,year,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenshecamein等)連用，但可以和不明確指出時間的狀語(如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等)連用；也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語(如：today,thismorning,thisweek,thisyear等)連用。

(1).for+表示一段時間的短語(2).since+表示過去時間點的詞語(3).since+表示過去時間的時間狀語從句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.forsincesince現(xiàn)在完成時句中常見的時間狀語A.表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體的過去時間。everjustalreadyyete.g.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此類副詞時,常強調(diào)動作完成,不強調(diào)動作的持續(xù).(1).

Have(has)

been

in

意為“已經(jīng)在某地呆了多長時間”，常與表示一段時間的狀語連用。Mr.

Brown

has

been

in

Shanghai

for

three

days.

布朗先生來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。

They

have

been

in

Canada

for

five

years.

他們到加拿大有五年了。

5.have

been

in,

have

been

to

與have

gone

to

的用法

(2).

Have(has)

been

to意為“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust,

ever,

never等連用。如：I’ve

just

been

to

the

post

office.

我剛才去郵局了。

Have

you

ever

been

to

Hangzhou?

你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？

Mary

has

never

been

to

the

Great

Wall.

瑪麗從未去過長城。

(3).

Have(has)

been

to

后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。如：I've

been

to

Beijing

three

times.

我去過北京三次。

They

have

been

to

that

village

several

times.

他們?nèi)ミ^那個村莊好幾次了。(4).

Have(has)

gone

to

意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。總之，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、二人稱代詞作主語。如:—Where

is

Tom?

湯姆在哪里？

—He

has

gone

to

the

bookshop.他到書店去了。例如：HehasgonetoHongKong.他到香港去了。(他已前往香港,或在途中,或已到達(dá)。說話人暗示他現(xiàn)在不在現(xiàn)場)HehasbeentoHongKong.他曾到過香港。(說話人認(rèn)為他過去到過香港,現(xiàn)在已不在該地。言外之意他對香港有所了解)for和since在現(xiàn)在完成時中的應(yīng)用for與since都能與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，但區(qū)別較大：（1）for后須接“時間段”HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears.

他學(xué)英語5年了。（2）since后須接“時間點”

HehasstudiedEnglishsince1999.

他從1999年開始學(xué)英語。（3）二者可以轉(zhuǎn)換

for+一段時間=since+一段時間+agoHehasbeenhereforfiveweeks.=Hehasbeenheresincefiveweeksago.他到這兒已經(jīng)有五個星期了。(4)since能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句(主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時)，而for則不能。（5）現(xiàn)在完成時常用句型：①Itis(hasbeen)+時間段+since+時間狀語或從句ItisfourdayssincelastFriday.從上周五到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)四天了。IthasbeentwoyearssinceJimcametoBeijing.吉姆來北京已經(jīng)兩年了。②Thisisthefirst(second…)timethat+從句

句型中的that從句通常使用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：ThisisthefirsttimethatJennyandDannyhavebeentoChina.這是珍妮和丹妮第一次來屮國。ThisisthethirdtimethatIhaveseenKaren.這是我第三次見到Karen。非延續(xù)性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換leave—beawayborrow—keepbuy—havebegin/start—beondie—bedeadfinish---beoveropensth—keepsthopenfallill—beill

getto/arrive/reach—be(in),leave—beawayfrom,gettoknow—know,go(get)out—tieout，puton—wear,catchacold—haveacold,getmarried—bemarried等。Theoldmandied4yearsago.—Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.—Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.—HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.Iboughtthebook5daysago.—Ihavehadthebookfor5days.如：（7）二者引出的時間狀語往往用howlong提問。—Howlonghaveyouhadthisbook?

這本書你買多久了?—Foraweek./Sinceaweekago.

買一周了。選擇for或since填空：Ihavebeenhere_____fivemonthsago.2.Hehasbeenasoldier____abouttwomonths.3.Greatchangeshavetakenplace_____youleft.4.Hisgrandpahasbeendead____tenyears.5.IhavestudiedEnglish______Iwas12yearsold.6.Itistwoyears_________Ibecameapostgraduatestudent.sinceforsinceforsincesince即學(xué)即練練習(xí)題:

It'salongtimesincewe____(meet)last,isn’tit?

2.--Iknowyou___________(choose)apicturebookamongthese.

--Yes,Havealookatit,please.

3.Sofar,spaceshipswithoutpeople___________(reach)themoonandsomeotherpartsoftheuniverse.

4.Myfather____homefornearlythreeweeks.

A.hasgoneawayfrom

B.hasleft

C.hasbeenawayfrom

D.wentaway

5.Mr.andMrs.Greenhave_____inChinaforaweek.

A.been

B.got

C.arrived

D.reachedmethavechosenhavereachedCA1cPracticetheconversation.Thenmakeconversationsaboutotherthingsinthepictureabove.A:Thisisareallyoldbook.B:Yes,I’vehaditforsevenyears.I’vereaditthreetimes.A:Whyareyousellingit?B:BecauseIdon’treaditanymore.A:Howmuchisit?B:Youcanhaveitfor75cents.2aListenandcheck(?)thethingsAmy'sfamilyaregivingawayandcirclethethingstheyarekeeping.bookmagazinetoybeartoyliontoytigerbreadmaker sweaterdress hat scarf ??????2bListenagainandfillintheblanks.Amyhashadherfavorite_____forthreeyears.2.Amyhashadthetoy______sinceshewasa_______.3.Amy’smomhashadtheoldbreadmakerformorethan______years,4.Amycangiveawaythe_______and______becausetheydonotfitheranymore.bookbearbabytensweaterdressMom:Let’slookthroughthisboxofoldthingsanddecidewhattogiveaway.Amy：IthinkIwanttokeepthisbook.I’vehaditforthreeyears.EventhoughI’vealreadyreadittwice,it’sstillmyfavoritebook.Butwecangiveawaythemagazine.Mom:Whataboutthesesofttoys?Amy:IwanttokeepthebearbecauseI’vehaditsinceIwasababy.IthasspecialmeaningtomebecauseGrandmagaveittome.TapescriptsI’llgiveawaythelionandtiger.Mom:OK.Andthisoldbreadmakerofminecango,too.I’vehaditformorethan10years.AuntTaylorboughtanewoneformelastweek.Amy:That’sgreat.Wecanstillhavehomemadebread.AndIcangiveawaythissweateranddress,too.Theydon’tfitmeanymore.ButIwanttokeepthehatandscarfforiceskating.Mom:Great.Youcantakethesethingstothechildren’shometomorrowthen.A:Amy,canwegiveawaythesesofttoys?B:Mom,Iwanttokeepthebear.A:Why?It’ssoold.B:BecauseI’vehaditsinceIwasababy.2cStudentAisAmy'smom.StudentBisAmy.Makeconversations.2dRole-playtheconversation.Amy:Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.I’vehadthemsinceIwasachild.There’salsoasweaterandadress.Linda:Perfect!Wealwaysneedtoysandclothes.Amy:Onelastthingisabreadmaker.Mymomshaditforalongtimebutitstillworks.Linda:Thankssomuch!3aReadthearticlewrittenbyafatherforanewspaper.Whatishisfamilygoingtosellattheyardsale?Mychildrenaregrowingupfast.Mydaughteris16andmyboyisalreadyinjuniorhighschool.Astheygetbiggerourhouseseemstogetsmaller.Sowewanttosellsomeofourthingsinayardsaleandgivethemoneytoachildren’shome.Wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.Mysonwasquitesadatfirst.Althoughhehasnotplayedwithhisoldtoysforalongtime,hestillwantedtokeepthem.Forexample,hehasownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.Andhedidnotwanttolosehistoymonkey,either.Hesleptnexttothemonkeyeverynightwhenhewasachild.Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.Asforme,Ididnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilenow.Iamgettingolder,too!3bReadthearticleagainandanswerthequestions.1.Whydidtheydecidetohaveayardsale?2.Whatdotheywanttodowiththemoneyfromthesale?3.Whydoesthesonwanttokeephistrainandrailwayset?4.Howcantheoldtoysbeusefulagain?5.Haveyoueverthoughtabouthavingayardsaletosellyourthings?Whatwouldyoudowiththemoneyyouraise?Whydidtheydecidetohaveayardsale?2.Whatdotheywanttodowiththemoneyfromthesale?3.Whydoesthesonwanttokeephistrainandrailwayset?Astheirchildrengetbiggertheirhouseseemstogetsmaller.Theywanttogavethemoneytoachildren’shome.Becausehehasownedthetrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.4.Howcantheoldtoysbeusefulagain?5.Haveyoueverthoughtabouthavingayardsaletosellyourthings?Whatwouldyoudowiththemoneyyouraise?Theycangiveawaytheoldtoystopeopleinneedorsellthemformoney.Students’answers.3cFindthewordsorphrasesinthearticlewhichcanbereplacedwiththeonesbelowandwritethemnexttothewords.lose—________kids—________truthful—__________many—________sometime—________eventhough—_______quickly—______older—______partwithchildrentobehonestalotofforawhilealthoughfastbigger1.Lookatthethingsattheyardsale.yardsale

庭院舊貨出售這是國外的一種風(fēng)俗，也是一種獨特的售貨方式。人們利用周末，將家中擱置不用的物件放在自家庭院中廉價出售，因而被稱作yardsale，也可譯作“庭院拍賣會”。Languagepoints庭院售賣的物品種類繁多，應(yīng)有盡有，大到家具、電器，小到玩具、衣物和鞋帽。這些物品雖多數(shù)為二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且價錢合理公道，甚至還可討價還價正是這種低廉、公道的價格及買家淘寶和碰大運的心理，使得yardsale廣受歡迎，逐漸演變成一種獨特的文化現(xiàn)象。副詞anymore亦可寫作anymore，常用于否定句的末尾，意思是“再（不）；(不）再”。not???anymore相當(dāng)于not???anylonger，2.BecauseIdon’treaditanymore.

因為我不再看它了。3.BecauseI’vehaditsinceIwasababy.

因為我還是個嬰兒的時候就擁有它了。since(自從……）常常引導(dǎo)短語或從句，用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中。since引出從句時，從句中一般使用過去時。再如：I’vehadthesesofttoyssinceIwasachild.我還是個孩子的時候就有這些毛絨玩具了。Sincethatunfortunateaccidentlastweek,Ihaven'tbeensleepingatallwell.自從上周發(fā)生了那次不幸的事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。4.I’vehadthismagazineforacoupleofmonths.

這本雜志我買了幾個月了。1）acoupleof有兩種意思：其一，表示具體的數(shù)量“兩個”，指兩個相同的人或物體；其二，表示數(shù)量不定的“少數(shù)幾個”，作這種虛指的用法時，具體意思往往視上下文和具體的語境而決定。例如：2）介詞for也常用在現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中，后面引出表示時間的詞或短語，說明某種情況已經(jīng)持續(xù)了一段時間。再如：Jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years.杰夫已經(jīng)擁有他的自行車超過10年了。5.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.

我們決定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。(1)此句中wenolongeruse是由that引導(dǎo)的定

語從句，修飾前面的名詞fivethings。(2)句中nolonger的意思是“不再；不復(fù)”，有時可用not...anylonger或not...anymore替換。再如：Henolongerliveshere.(=Hedoesn'tlivehereanymore/anylonger.)他不再住這兒了。3)each在句中對we進(jìn)行限定，表示“(兩個或

兩個以上的人或物中）各自；每個”。再如：MysisterandIeachhaveanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.我和姐姐各有一本英漢詞典。tobehonest是英語口語中一個常用表達(dá)，表示“說實話；老實說”。英語中類似的表達(dá)還有：tobefrank,意思是“坦率地說”。例如：Tobehonest,Idon’tlikehimverymuch.老實說，我不太喜歡他。Tobeperfectlyfrank,