高考英語(yǔ)全程一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)23Unit3Backtothepast牛津譯林版選擇性

Unit3BacktothepastⅠ.閱讀理解A[2022·泉州市高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)(一)]Peopletodayarenotunfamiliarwithtermssuchas“goingeco-friendly”and“sustainablelifestyle”.However,thereexistsagroupofsceptics(懷疑論者)whobelievethatgoingeco-friendlyismerelyafad(一時(shí)的風(fēng)尚).Idisagreewiththisviewpoint.Goingeco-friendlyisnotmerelyafadanditdoes,infact,changethebeliefsandattitudesofpeople.Thelong-termpresenceofenvironmentalorganisationsshowstheeffortsthatpeoplehavemadetowardsgoingeco-friendly.OrganisationssuchasWorldWildlifeFundadvocatepeopletogoeco-friendly.Thehighinvolvementoftheorganisationsandtheparticipantsisthusastrongindicatorthatgoingeco-friendlyisnotmerelyafadbutatrendthatcanlastdecades.Anotherstrongindicatoristheemergenceofsustainableproductsinmanyindustries,suchasorganicproduceandelectricvehicles.Theconsumerdemand,coupledwitheco-conscious(環(huán)保意識(shí)的)businesses,isbehindthesharpincreaseinsuchproducts.Thisshowsashiftinthebeliefsandattitudesofpeopletowardsadoptingasustainablelifestyle.Thus,itseemsquitecertainthatgoingeco-friendlyisnotmerelyafad.Whilesomepeoplewhobroadcasttheireco-friendlypracticesarecriticisedforjusthopingtoprojectaneco-consciousimage,thereareanumberofcelebritieswhohavebeenpractisingthezero-wastelifestyleforyears.Forthosewhodosoforyears,andnotmeredaysormonths,itisindeedacommitmentthatcanonlycomewithatruechangeinbeliefsandattitudestowardscaringfortheearth.Thecalltosavetheearthlookssettostay.Withthedevelopmentoftechnologyandtheappearanceofmanyplatformsadvocatinggoinggreen,peoplearemorewillingtochangetheirbeliefsandattitudeswhentheycanlearnaboutandappreciatethepositiveimpactoftheworkofdifferentenvironmentalorganisationsandindividuals.Itishopedthattheseeffortswillgoalongwayinensuringthatourplanetwillremainasuitableplacetolivein.1．WhydoestheauthormentionWorldWildlifeFund?A．Toappreciateitsenvironmentalefforts.B．Toencouragepeopletogoeco-friendly.C．Toevidencetheuniversalrecognitionofgoinggreen.D．Tohighlightthedifficultyinchangingpeople'sattitudes.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emergence”meaninParagraph3?A．Suddendisappearance.B．Sharpincrease.C．Gradualdevelopment.D．Limitedapplication.3．Whatdoestheauthorexpectoftechnologydevelopment?A．Itmaydiscouragepeoplefromsustainablelifestyle.B．Itmayboostthebusinessoforganicproduce.C．Itwillbeusedtoprojectalleco-consciousimage.D．Itwillpromoteenvironmentalawareness.4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?A．Toprovegoingeco-friendlyisalastingtrend.B．Topopularizetheeco-friendlyproducts.C．Toofferstrategiestogoeco-friendly.D．Toadvertiseforeco-friendlyplatforms.B[2022·南昌市高三摸底測(cè)試卷]Whenyouwalkonasandybeach,ittakesmoreenergythanwalkingdownasidewalk—becausetheweightofyourbodypushesintothesand.Itturnsoutthatthesamethingistrueforvehiclesdrivingonroads.“Theweightofthevehiclescreatesaveryshallowindentation(凹痕)inthepavement—likeit'scontinuouslydrivingupaveryshallowhill，”saidJeremyGregory,ascientistatMIT.Hemodeledwithhisteammateshowmuchenergycouldbesavedandhowmuchgreenhousegasescouldbeavoidedbysimplyhardeningthenation'sroadsandhighways.Andtheyfoundthathardening10percentofthenation'sroadseveryyearcouldpreventtheemission(排放)equalto440megatonsofcarbondioxideoverthenext5decades—thatamountisequaltohowmuchCO2you'dsparetheplanetbykeepingabillionbarrelsofoilinthegroundorbygrowing7billiontreesforadecade.Itreduces0.5%ofprojectedtransportationemissionsoverthattimeperiod.Asforhowtohardenroads,Gregorysaysyoucouldcombinesmallamountsofcertainfibrewithhightechnologyintopavingmaterials.Oryoucouldpavetheroadswithspecially-madeconcrete,whichisharderthanordinaryconstructionmaterials.Thissystemcouldalsobeawaytoshavecarbonemissionswithoutsomeoftheusualbarriers.“Usually,whenitcomestoreducingemissionsinthetransportationsector,you'retalkingaboutchangingpoliciesrelatedtovehiclesandalsodriverbehavior,whichinvolves(牽涉)millionsandmillionsofpeople—asopposedtochangingthewaywedesignandpreserveourpavements.That'sjustontheorderofthousandsofpeoplewhoareworkingintransportationagencies.”Andwhenitcomestoimprovingourstreetsandhighways—thoseagenciesarewhereyoumightsaytherubbermeetstheroad.5．HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingclassification.C．Bylistingfigures.D．Byanalyzingcauses.6．WhatdoesGregorysuggestforhardeningroads?A．Mixingfibrewithspecialconcrete.B．Changingregularpavingmaterials.C．Creatinghi-techcomputermodels.D．Usingordinarybuildingmaterials.7．Whatisanadvantageoftheroad-hardeningsystem?A．Itreducesconstructioncosts.B．Itprofitstransportationagencies.C．Itregulatesdriverbehavior.D．Itavoidsinvolvingtoomanypeople.8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．WalkingDownBeachesorSidewalks?B．HardeningRoadsHelpsSaveEnergyC．HowtoCutDownCarbonEmissionsD．ASystemofHardeningRoadsⅡ.完形填空[2022·廣東七校第一次聯(lián)考試卷]WhenlivinginLosAngeles,IwalkedmydogeverySundaymorningaroundalakenearmyhouse.Weekafterweek,Isawthesameelderlywomansittingattheedgeofthe__1__withasmallmetalcagenexttoher.My__2__finallygotthebestofmeandI__3__thewomanoneday.Inoticedthatitwas__4__asmalltrapandthatshehadthreesmallturtlesinit.Inherlap,therewasafourthturtlethatshewascarefully__5__downwithasponge.Igreetedherandaskedwhatshedidwiththeseturtleseveryweek.Smiling,sheexplainedthatshewascleaningtheirshellsbecauseanyseaweedthat__6__onaturtle'sshellreducesits__7__toabsorbheatandslowsdowntheirswimming.Iwas__8__asthewomancontinued，“IdothiseverySundaymorning,orlife-threatening__9__mightappear.”“Butdon'tmostturtleslivetheir__10__liveswithseaweedontheirshells？”Iasked.Thewomanagreedthatwasthe__11__.Ireplied，“Wellthen,youare__12__todothis,butmostturtlesdon'thavepeoplearoundtohelpthemwiththis.”Thewomanlaughedasshelooked__13__downatthesmallturtle.“Youngman,totheworldImaybeoneperson,buttothislittleturtleIamtheworld.”Indeed,thoughyoumaynotbeabletochangetheworldor__14__everyone,youcanstillmakeabig__15__inoneperson'slife.Neverchoosenottodoanythingjustbecauseyoucan'tdoeverything.1．A.fieldB．courtC．waterD．cliff2．A.pityB．a(chǎn)nxietyC．curiosityD．responsibility3．A.inspiredB．a(chǎn)ssistedC．contactedD．a(chǎn)pproached4．A.naturallyB．normallyC．originallyD．a(chǎn)ctually5．pingB．turningC．breakingD．pressing6．A.buildsupB．bringsupC．setsoutD．handsout7．A.riskB．costC．burdenD．a(chǎn)bility8．A.relievedB．impressedC．embarrassedD．disappointed9．A.typesB．placesC．conditionsD．movements10．A.earlyB．entireC．energeticD．extraordinary11．A.magicB．realityC．purposeD．experience12．A.policeB．clumsyC．considerateD．ridiculous13．A.gentlyB．proudlyC．nervouslyD．strangely14．A.knowB．loveC．ownD．help15．A.dealB．differenceC．fortuneD．decisionⅢ.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作[2022·濟(jì)南市學(xué)情診斷考試]假定你是李華，上周日你校組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行了“垃圾分類”宣講活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)給學(xué)校英文網(wǎng)站寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1．參加人員；2．活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；3．活動(dòng)反響。注意：詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。Garbageclassificationstartsfromourselves________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________課時(shí)作業(yè)(二十三)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語(yǔ)篇類型：議論文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自然——環(huán)境保護(hù)——環(huán)保將是一種趨勢(shì)【語(yǔ)篇解讀】環(huán)保不僅僅是一時(shí)的風(fēng)尚，事實(shí)上，它正改變?nèi)藗兊挠^念，因而將是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)久的趨勢(shì)。環(huán)保組織的長(zhǎng)期存在、可持續(xù)性產(chǎn)品的出現(xiàn)、消費(fèi)者對(duì)可持續(xù)性產(chǎn)品的需求、具有環(huán)保意識(shí)的企業(yè)增多和名人的長(zhǎng)期踐行，這些足以證明人們對(duì)環(huán)保的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度的改變。1．答案與解析：C考查理解目的的能力。根據(jù)第二段首句可知，環(huán)保組織的長(zhǎng)期存在表明了人們?yōu)榄h(huán)保所做的努力，接著舉例說(shuō)明世界自然基金會(huì)倡導(dǎo)人們環(huán)保。由此可知，作者提到世界自然基金會(huì)是為了舉例證明推行環(huán)保得到了普遍認(rèn)可。故C項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：B考查理解詞匯的能力。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，第三段第二句中的suchproducts是指畫(huà)線詞后的sustainableproducts。由此可推知，畫(huà)線詞與“sharpincrease”意思相近。故B項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：D考查理解具體信息的能力。題干問(wèn)作者對(duì)科技發(fā)展抱有什么期待。根據(jù)最后一段中的“隨著科技發(fā)展和許多倡導(dǎo)綠色環(huán)保平臺(tái)的出現(xiàn)，人們?cè)诹私夂托蕾p不同的環(huán)保組織和個(gè)人的工作所產(chǎn)生的積極影響時(shí)，更愿意改變自己的信仰和態(tài)度”可知，作者期望科技發(fā)展會(huì)提高環(huán)保意識(shí)。故D項(xiàng)正確。4．答案與解析：A考查理解目的的能力。綜合全文，尤其是第二段尾句和第三段尾句可知，作者寫(xiě)此文的目的是為了證明倡導(dǎo)綠色環(huán)保不僅僅是一時(shí)的風(fēng)尚，而是一種長(zhǎng)久的趨勢(shì)。故A項(xiàng)正確。B語(yǔ)篇類型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——硬化路面可減少溫室氣體排放【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的科學(xué)家JeremyGregory和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)利用“在不夠堅(jiān)硬的路面上行駛會(huì)消耗更多的能量”這一規(guī)律，發(fā)現(xiàn)通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單地硬化路面就可以減少溫室氣體的排放。5．答案與解析：C考查推斷的能力。通過(guò)第三段中所列舉的一些數(shù)字可知，本段是采用列數(shù)字的寫(xiě)作手法展開(kāi)的。故C項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：B考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第四段中的“youcouldpave...ordinaryconstructionmaterials”可知，他建議用比普通的建筑材料更硬的特制的混凝土鋪路，即改變普通的鋪路材料。故B項(xiàng)正確。[干擾項(xiàng)分析]本題考生易錯(cuò)選A項(xiàng)。考生根據(jù)第四段中的“combinesmallamounts...ordinaryconstructionmaterials”會(huì)認(rèn)為他建議把纖維和特制的混凝土結(jié)合。但是，原文中有個(gè)Or，即他提出了兩種鋪路方法：一種是纖維和高科技結(jié)合；一種是用更硬的特制的混凝土。而不是把兩者結(jié)合。7．答案與解析：D考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Usually,whenitcomesto...preserveourpavements.”可知，當(dāng)人們談到減少尾氣排放時(shí)，其實(shí)是在談?wù)摳淖兣c交通工具相關(guān)的政策和司機(jī)行為，這牽涉很多人；而改變道路的設(shè)計(jì)和維護(hù)卻恰恰相反，即硬化道路這一方法不會(huì)牽涉太多人。故D項(xiàng)正確。8．答案與解析：B考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。本文主要講述科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了“在不夠堅(jiān)硬的路面上行駛會(huì)消耗更多的能量”這一規(guī)律，并通過(guò)模擬實(shí)踐證明硬化路面可以節(jié)省能量，減少溫室氣體的排放。故B項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.完形填空語(yǔ)篇類型：夾敘夾議文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自然——關(guān)愛(ài)動(dòng)物——幫海龜刷去殼上的海草【語(yǔ)篇解讀】作者每周日早上去湖邊遛狗的時(shí)候都會(huì)看到一位老太太，她身邊還放了一個(gè)小金屬籠，作者耐不住好奇心，決定一探究竟。原來(lái)老太太每天都在湖邊用海綿幫海龜刷去身上的海草，以便海龜能夠很好地吸收熱量和正常游泳。盡管我們無(wú)法改變世界或幫到每一個(gè)人，但是我們小小的善舉仍能給世界和他人帶去很大的影響?？键c(diǎn)分布：名詞6個(gè)，動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))4個(gè)，形容詞3個(gè)，副詞2個(gè)。1．答案與解析：C考查語(yǔ)境推斷。根據(jù)上文中的“Iwalked...aroundalake”可知，作者每天在湖邊都能看到一位老太太。2．答案與解析：C考查語(yǔ)境推斷。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，由于耐不住好奇心，作者最終走近那位老太太去一探究竟。getthebestof“獲勝；勝過(guò)；占上風(fēng)”。3．答案與解析：D考查語(yǔ)境推斷。參見(jiàn)上題解析。4．答案與解析：D考查語(yǔ)境推斷。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者走近一看發(fā)現(xiàn)金屬籠子實(shí)際上是一個(gè)捕捉器。5．答案與解析：A考查語(yǔ)境推斷。根據(jù)下文中的“shewascleaningtheirshells”可知，老太太正在拿海綿擦拭龜殼。6．答案與解析：A考查邏輯推斷。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“seaweedthat__6__onaturtle'sshell”和常識(shí)可知，海草會(huì)堆積在海龜殼上。buildup“增多”；bringup“養(yǎng)育”；setout“出發(fā)”；handout“分發(fā)”。7．答案與解析：D考查語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)推斷。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，龜殼上沾滿海草會(huì)影響海龜吸收熱量的