新教材2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)專題通關(guān)必測(cè)熱點(diǎn)話題一關(guān)注科技創(chuàng)新

eq\a\vs4\al(層級(jí)一)感悟價(jià)值引領(lǐng)，瞄準(zhǔn)學(xué)科前沿?zé)狳c(diǎn)話題一關(guān)注科技創(chuàng)新Ⅰ.閱讀理解A[2024·衡水中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期一調(diào)]Thedeep-seaoilandgasindustryhasvastandcostlyfacilitiestomaintain.Wells,otherequipment,andthousandsofkilometersofpipelinesmustbeinspectedandrepaired.Now,cutting-edgeunderwaterdrones(無(wú)人機(jī))androbotsarebeingdevelopedthatcouldmaketheworksaferandcheaper.AmongthemisEelume,asix-meter-long,snake-likerobotequippedwithsensorsandacameraateachend.Itcanbekeptatastationatdepthsofuptohalfakilometerforsixmonths,withoutbeingbroughtbacktothesurface.Therobotcantravelupto20kilometersbeforeneedingtoreturntoitsstationtorecharge.Maintenanceworkatmanydeep-waterwellsandpipelinesystemsisalreadycarriedoutbyunmannedvehicles.Butthesevehiclestypicallyneedtobetransportedtotheoffshoresiteonafullycrewedshipandthenremotelyoperatedfromtheonboardsurfaceship.Thatcancostupto$100，000perday,accordingtoP?lLiljeb?ck,chieftechnologyofficerwithEelumeSubseaIntervention,whichdevelopedtherobot.Liljeb?cksaysthatby“enablingtherobottobecomeasubsearesidentlivingatastation,itcanbemobilizedatanytimetodoinspections,therebyreducingtheneedforcostlysurfaceships”．Eelumecanworkautonomouslyontasksassignedfromacontrolroomonshore,andsendbackvideoanddata.Itssnake-likedesignallowsittoworkinsmallspacesandwriggle(扭動(dòng))itsbodytostayinplaceinstrongcurrents.Bystayingunderthesea,itcancarryouttaskswhatevertheconditionsonthesurfaceoftheocean.Theglobalunderwaterroboticsmarketisexpectedtobewortharound$7billionin2025,accordingtoanalysts,andothercompaniesareintheprocessofcommercializingnewdeep-seadroneandrobottechnology.EelumeSubseaInterventionwillcarryoutfinaltestingontheseabedlaterthisyearatthe?sgardoilandgasfield.Itexpectstoputitsfirstsnakerobotsintousenextyearandhopestohaveupto50inoceansaroundtheworldby2027.1．WhatisonefeatureofEelume?A．Itcantravelnearly40kilometersbeforerecharging.B．Itcandiveasdeepas500meters.C．Itworksmainlyaroundthestation.D．Itworksfor6monthsononecharge.2．Whatistheproblemwithunmannedvehicles?A．Theyaretoocostlytomaintain.B．Theyarehardtooperateremotely.C．Theyrequiretransportationtoandfromwork.D．Theyhavetoworkonafullycrewedshipallthetime.3．WhatcanbeexpectedofEelumeinthefuture?A．Itwillrequirenofurthertests.B．Itwillbewortharound$7billion.C．Itwillbeputonthemarketin2027.D．Itwillfacealotofcompetitors.4．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Asnakerobotisonitswayforunderwatertasks.B．Eelumeisthenewchoiceforconstructingpipelines.C．Maintenanceworkontheoceanfloorisariskyjob.D．Unmannedvehiclesmarketinghasseenstronggrowth.B[湖北省高三調(diào)研]DoctorsattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,intheUS,havedevelopedapieceofsoftwarethatcanreadminds.Theproject,supportedbyFacebook,hopestohelppeoplewho,becauseofmedicalconditions,areunabletocommunicatewithothers.Untilnow,technologiesthathavehelpedspeech-impaired(語(yǔ)言障礙)peoplecommunicatehavebeentooslowtoallowanaturalconversation.Peoplefindthesethingsupsettingtouse.Thisnewwayusesbrainsignalstochangeaperson'sthoughtsintotext.Whenwewanttospeak,thebrainsendssignalstomakethelips,jawandtonguemoveintherightwaytomakeanunderstandablesound.Bydiscoveringthesebrainsignals,thenewsoftwareisabletopredictwhatapersonwanttosayquicklyenoughtoholdaconversation.Thebrain-readingsoftwarewastestedonthreevolunteerswhocouldallspeaklikehealthypeople.Theywerebeingtreatedforepilepsy(癲癇).Aspartoftheirtreatmentforepilepsy,eachpatienthadelectrodes(電極)placedontotheirbrain.EdwardChang,wholedthestudy,usedtheseelectrodestorecordthesignalsinthepatients'brainswhiletheylistenedtoalistofquestionsandansweredthem.Changandhisteamthenbuiltacomputerprogramthatlearnedtomatchthepatients'brainsignalstothewordsthepatientsheardandthewordsthepatientsspoke.Forthequestions,thesoftwarematchedthecorrectwords76%ofthetime.Fortheanswers,itmatchedthecorrectwords61%ofthetime.Now,themind-readingsoftwareworksonlyforthelimitedsetofsentencesonwhichitwastrained.Scientistshopethatthisearlysystemwillhelpthemdevelopamorepowerfulonethatcouldunderstandthoughtsinrealtimetogivepeopletheirvoicesback.Changsaid,“Weasscientistsshouldtryourbesttohelppeopletobringthatmostimportantandbasichumanabilityback.”5．Whatisthedisadvantageofprevioustechnologies?A．Theycouldn'treadpeople'smindscorrectly.B．Theycouldn'tmakecommunicationunderstandable.C．Theycouldn'tservethepurposeofnaturalconversation.D．Theycouldn'tletmedicalconditionschangeforthebetter.6．Howdoesthesoftwarehelppeople?A．Bychangingpeople'smindintotext.B．Bysendingsignalstotheirlips.C．Byorganizingconversationsforthem.D．Bytrainingthemhowtospeak.7．Whatcanweknowaboutthemind-readingsoftwareaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Ithasbeenusedonawidescale.B．Ithasrestoredthebasichumanability.C．Itstillhasplentyofroomforimprovement.D．Ithasenhancedhumanreal-timeconversation.8．Whatistheattitudeoftheauthortowardsthemind-readingsoftware?A．Favorable.B．Objective.C．Intolerant.D．Doubtful.[答題區(qū)]題號(hào)12345678答案Ⅱ.七選五[2024·山東省濰坊市四縣模擬]Inthelastdecade,wewitnessedarapidgrowthofwearabledevices—smallelectronicdevicesthatarewornorcarriedonthehumanbody.__1__Nodoubt,wearabledevicesarethenextfrontierforpersonalizedhealthcare.Wearabledevicesarepopularlyusedinhealthcare,navigationsystems,andtextiles.However,wearabledevicesinhealthcarehavereceivedthehighestattention.__2__Thesedevicescaneasilytrackheartrate,caloriesburned,stepcounts,bloodpressure,thereleaseofbiochemicalandexercisetime.Wearabledevicesshowmeaningfulinsightstoliveourlivescomfortably.Theyarevaluabletomonitorphysicalhealthandphysicaltrainingalongwithalertingtoseveremedicalconditions.Wearabledevicesaresoonexpectedtoforecastchangesinhealth,mood,andstressaswellasathleticperformance,heartcondition,andage-relateddiseases.Nodoubtwearabledevicesaddcomfortandconveniencetoourlivesbuttheyposethreatstoourlives.Withtherapidgrowthofwearabledevices,healthrisks,privacyandsecurityarekeyconcerns.__3__Weshouldalsodevelopthenecessarymeanstodealwithittolessenthreats.Wearabledevicescollectdataonourwrists,ankles,foot,andotherbodypartsandstorethisdatainacentralizedsystem.__4__Privacypolicyrelatedtodatamanagementisunclearasthepolicyguidelinesofthedevicecompaniesstatethatdatawillnotbesoldtothirdpartiesbutalsostatethatdatamaybesharedwithbusinesspartnerstoimproveserviceexperiences.Wearabledevicesinspirehealthierlifestyles.Theyhavechangedpersonalhealthcaremanagement.Aswearabledevicesarebecomingincreasinglysophisticated(成熟)daybyday，theywillprovidemorepersonalhealthcare.However,theybringsomethreatstoourpersonaldata.__5__A．Hence,itiscrucialtorecognizetheirdarkside.B.Thedevelopmentoftechnologymakesitaffordable.C．Wearabledevicesarepopularlyusedtomonitorhealth.D．Wearabledevicesaregrowinglyusedintheworkplace.E．Theycansense,collect,anduploadphysiologicaldatatoimproveourlives.F．Usersofwearabledevicesdonotknowhowthisdataisstoredandmanaged.G.Nevertheless,wearabledevicesaresignificanttomanageourpersonalhealthcare.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空[2024·泉州市中學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)]SpaceStationRiceTestsShowPromiseChineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)onboardtheTiangongspacestation.Therehavebeenotherrice__1__(experiment)inspace.ButtheonebeingconductedonTiangongisthefirstof__2__(it)kindthataimstoproducethecompletelifecycleoftheplant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswith__3__matureplantproducingnewseeds.ChinalaunchedtheWentianspacelaboratoryintoorbitonJuly24.Thespacelab,whichweighs23metrictonsandis17.9meterstall,isthecountry's__4__(large)spacecrafttodate.Onboard__5__(be)eightexperimentalpayloads,includingtheoneforthericeexperiment.“Wewanttoinvestigatehowmicrogravityaffectstheplantfloweringtimeonthemolecular(分子的)level__6__whetheritispossibletousethemicrogravityenvironment__7__(control)therelatedprocess，”saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherattheChineseAcademyofSciences.Floweringisa__8__(vital)importantstageforplantreproductivedevelopment.“IfwewanttolandonandexploreMars,food__9__(bring)fromEarthisnotenoughfortheastronauts'longjourneyandmissioninspace.Wehavetofindasustainablefoodsource__10__long-termspaceexplorations，”Zhengsaid.[答題區(qū)]1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10．________

熱點(diǎn)話題一關(guān)注科技創(chuàng)新Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹探討人員正在研發(fā)一款蛇形機(jī)器人，用于深海石油和自然氣開(kāi)采設(shè)備的維護(hù)。1．答案與解析：A微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Itcanbekeptatastationatdepthsofuptohalfakilometerforsixmonths,withoutbeingbroughtbacktothesurface.Therobotcantravelupto20kilometersbeforeneedingtoreturntoitsstationtorecharge.”可知，它在再次充電前可以運(yùn)行大約40公里。2．答案與解析：C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Butthesevehiclestypicallyneedtobetransportedtotheoffshoresiteonafullycrewedshipandthenremotelyoperatedfromonboardthesurfaceship.”可知，這些無(wú)人設(shè)備須要被運(yùn)輸?shù)阶鳂I(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。3．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“andothercompaniesareintheprocessofcommercializingnewdeep-seadroneandrobottechnology.”推知，Eelume將面臨許多的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。4．答案與解析：A主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其其次段的“Now,cutting-edgeunderwaterdrones(無(wú)人機(jī))androbotsarebeingdevelopedthatcouldmaketheworksaferandcheaper.AmongthemisEelume,asix-meter-long,snake-likerobotequippedwithsensorsandacameraateachend.”可知，本文介紹探討人員正在研發(fā)一款蛇形機(jī)器人，用于深海石油和自然氣開(kāi)采設(shè)備的維護(hù)，即一款在水下執(zhí)行任務(wù)的蛇形機(jī)器人。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?？茖W(xué)家嘗試獨(dú)創(chuàng)可以“讀懂”人類思想的軟件，希望可以幫助因患病而無(wú)法說(shuō)話的人們。5．答案與解析：C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Untilnow,technologiesthathavehelpedspeech-impaired(語(yǔ)言障礙)peoplecommunicatehavebeentooslowtoallowanaturalconversation.”可知，以前的技術(shù)的缺點(diǎn)是它們不能達(dá)到自然對(duì)話的目的。故選C。6．答案與解析：A微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Thisnewwayusesbrainsignalstochangeaperson'sthoughtsintotext.”可知，這個(gè)軟件通過(guò)用腦部信號(hào)將人的想法轉(zhuǎn)化為文本以達(dá)到幫助病人與其他人溝通的目的。7．答案與解析：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Now,themind-readingsoftwareworksonlyforthelimitedsetofsentencesonwhichitwastrained.Scientistshopethatthisearlysystemwillhelpthemdevelopamorepowerfulonethatcouldunderstandthoughtsinrealtimetogivepeopletheirvoicesback.”可推斷，此軟件仍有很大的改進(jìn)空間。故選C。8．答案與解析：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文可知，文章主要介紹了可以“讀懂”人類思想的軟件，以及軟件測(cè)試的過(guò)程和改善的空間。由此推知，作者對(duì)待軟件的看法是客觀的。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章講解并描述了可穿戴設(shè)備在過(guò)去的十年里，我們見(jiàn)證了可穿戴設(shè)備的快速增長(zhǎng)。雖然它對(duì)我們的個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)帶來(lái)了威逼，但是對(duì)我們的醫(yī)療保健具有重要意義。1．答案與解析：E依據(jù)上文“Inthelastdecade,wewitnessedarapidgrowthofwearabledevices—smallelectronicdevicesthatarewornorcarriedonthehumanbody.”以及下文“Nodoubt,wearabledevicesarethenextfrontierforpersonalizedhealthcare.”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是便攜的穿戴設(shè)備對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的作用，故選E。2．答案與解析：C依據(jù)下文“Thesedevicescaneasilytrackheartrate,caloriesburned,stepcounts,bloodpressure,thereleaseofbiochemicalandexercisetime.”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是可穿戴設(shè)備的用途，故選C。3．答案與解析：A依據(jù)上文“Nodoubtwearabledevicesaddcomfortandconveniencetoourlivesbuttheyposethreatstoourlives.Withtherapidgrowthofwearabledevices,healthrisks,privacyandsecurityarekeyconcerns.”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相識(shí)到可穿戴設(shè)備的負(fù)面影響，故選A。4．答案與解析：F依據(jù)下文“Privacypolicyrelatedtodatamanagementisunclearasthepolicyguidelinesofthedevicecompaniesstatethatdatawillnotbesoldtothirdpartiesbutalsostatethatdatamaybesharedwithbusinesspartnerstoimproveserviceexperiences.”可知，關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)和管理，相關(guān)隱私政策并不明確，而且設(shè)備公司的政策規(guī)定可以與業(yè)務(wù)合作伙伴共享數(shù)據(jù)，可推理出設(shè)備公司有可能會(huì)以可穿戴設(shè)備的用戶并不知曉的方式管理這些數(shù)據(jù)，故選