2024年高考英語微專題練習(xí)50短文改錯+七選五+完形填空含解析

PAGEPAGE8練習(xí)50短文改錯＋七選五＋完形填空Ⅰ.短文改錯2024·全國甲卷★★★☆☆MyfatheroftentookmetohishospitalwhenIwasoffmyschool.Heshowedmehowhismedicalinstrumentswasused.Ifeltsocloselytohim.However,afterIwenttohighschool,somehowIbecomedistantfromhim.Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolate.ThedisagreementwastoosharpthatneitherhenorIknewwhattosettleit.Oneday,hetalkedwithmeorhopedtomendourrelations.Withtheeffortsmadebyallsides,webegantounderstandeachotherbetter.Ⅱ.七選五2024·浙江卷1月說明文326詞★★★☆☆Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtothefront,andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.__1__Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.__2__Anysmallinterruption—apricecheck,achattycustomer—canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:__3__Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snakingline—calledaserpentineline—andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.__4__Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.__5__Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordthespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.A．Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B．Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C．Someofthemmayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D．Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E．Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F．Withthreeregisters,thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G．Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.Ⅲ.完形填空2024·貴陽市考試Ⅰ記敘文234詞★★★★☆Gabrielaworkedforamultinational(跨國的)companyasasuccessfulprojectmanagerinBrazilandwastransferredtoSweden.Shewas__1__abouthernewrolebutsoonrealizedthatmanaginghernewteamwouldbeachallenge.Despitetheirfriendliness,Gabrieladidn'tfeelrespectedasa__2__.Hernewstaffwould__3__herdecisionsopenlyinmeetings,andwhenshegavetheminstructionsonhowto__4__atask,theywouldoftengoaboutitintheirownwaywithout__5__withher,Whensheannouncedherdecisions,theywould__6__givingtheiropinionsasifitwasstillupfordiscussion.Afterweeksoffrustration(受挫),GabrielaemailedherSwedishmanageraboutthe__7__.Hermanager__8__askedherifshefeltherteamwasstillperforming,andwhatshethoughtwouldhelpherbetter__9__herteammembers.WhatGabrielawasexperiencingwasa__10__conflict.Shewasusedtoamorehierarchical(等級制度的)frameworkwheretheteamleadertookcontrolandgave__11__instructionsonhowthingsweretobedone.Insuchaculture,leadersmakethebigdecisionsandarenotoften__12__.HerSwedishteam,__13__，wereusedtoworkinginalowpowerdistanceculturewheresubordinates(下屬)oftenworktogetherwiththeir__14__tofindsolutionsandmakedecisions.Here,leaders__15__coacheswhoencourage__16__thoughtandexpecttobechallenged.WhenGabrielabecame__17__theculturaldifferencesbetweenherandherteam,shehadanopen__18__withthem.Theconversationledtoabetterunderstanding.Fromthenon,Gabrielaandherteamwereableto__19__theirwaysofworking.Gabrielawasthenabletomakeadjustmentssoastomoreeffectivelymotivateherteamto__20__theirgoals.1．A.upsetB．excitedC．worriedD．shocked2．A.leaderB．friendC．teammateD．winner3．A.followB．a(chǎn)voidC．understandD．question4．A.turnonB．turntoC．carryoutD．carryaway5．A.checkingB．quarrelingC．debatingD．bargaining6．A.startB．continueC．delayD．risk7．A.satisfactionB．problemsC．a(chǎn)musementD．illnesses8．A.unwillinglyB．hardlyC．simplyD．quickly9．A.dealwithB．a(chǎn)rguewithC．livewithD．workwith10．A.culturalB．mentalC．a(chǎn)bnormalD．necessary11．A.abstractB．uncertainC．specificD．similar12．A.challengedB．trustedC．judgedD．a(chǎn)ccepted13．A.thereforeB．howeverC．furthermoreD．besides14．A.relativesB．a(chǎn)ssistantsC．parentsD．bosses15．A.laughatB．cheerforC．relyonD．a(chǎn)ctas16．AmonB．independentC．regretfulD．traditional17．A.awareofB．proudofC．fondofD．a(chǎn)fraidof18．A.argumentB．a(chǎn)pologyC．conversationD．conflict19．A.chooseB．continueC．a(chǎn)djustD．keep20．A.doubtB．predictC．stopD．a(chǎn)chieve答題策略短文改錯——名詞甄別名詞的數(shù)與格錯誤數(shù)①可數(shù)名詞大于一時用復(fù)數(shù)，不行數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。易考查的不行數(shù)名詞：luggage,information,language,furniture,equipment,knowledge,fun,advice等②依據(jù)名詞前的修飾語推斷名詞的數(shù)，如these，lotsof,several,many等③依據(jù)謂語動詞的數(shù)推斷作主語的名詞的數(shù)：謂語動詞或助動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，主語就用復(fù)數(shù)；謂語動詞或助動詞用單數(shù)，主語就用單數(shù)④依據(jù)上下文信息推斷名詞的數(shù)：比如上文交代了人數(shù)，后文對應(yīng)的名詞的數(shù)應(yīng)當(dāng)與上文一樣⑤依據(jù)生活常識推斷名詞的數(shù)：比如一個人的肩膀是一左一右，不特殊指明是某一邊的肩膀時，shoulder應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)格⑥依據(jù)邏輯意義推斷名詞的格：比如表示“到達(dá)摯友家”應(yīng)為atmyfriend's練習(xí)50七選五＋完形填空＋應(yīng)用文寫作Ⅰ.七選五【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了五種維系異地友情的方法。1．答案與解析：D上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.”(平日繁忙，很難抽出時間打電話。)講的是雙方都很勞碌，很難有時間給對方打電話，D項“盡量找個雙方都有空的時間去打電話，并堅持下去”給出了解決沒時間打電話這個問題的方法，符合題意。故選D項。2．答案與解析：E上文“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.”(確保你已經(jīng)和你的摯友溝通過，了解你們想要聯(lián)系的頻率，以及哪種方法對你們雙方都最有效。)提到異地?fù)从阎g要商議溝通方式，E項“摯友須要談?wù)撍麄兿矏鄣臏贤ǚ绞健背薪由衔模M一步提出對溝通的方法的溝通，下文“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.”(除了持續(xù)的文字溝通，還有其他選擇，比如留下語音信息或進行群聊。)對E項中的“methodsofcommunication”進行了舉例說明，上下文語意連貫。故選E項。3．答案與解析：G下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”(留下來的摯友)和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”(在新環(huán)境中的那個)提到摯友的兩個不同境況，G項“你可能是摯友中離開的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友情中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriendwholeft”和“theonewhowasleftbehind”分別對應(yīng)下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”和“Thefriendwhoisremaining”，所以G項符合題意。故選G項。4．答案與解析：A分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友情的第四個方法，是第五段的小標(biāo)題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.”(周年紀(jì)念日和生日對于異地友情而言是特別重要的。)講的是諸如周年紀(jì)念日和生日等重要的日子對于維系異地友情是特別重要的，由此推知，這段對應(yīng)的維系異地友情的方法是A項“記得重要的日子”，所以A項符合題意。故選A項。5．答案與解析：F設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句“butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.”(但是異地友情——甚至是關(guān)系密切的友情——可能須要更加自覺地去維系。)講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友情，其中“but”說明后半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項“摯友之間很簡單通過社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過社交媒體這種方式很簡單與摯友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句“requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應(yīng)了該段的小標(biāo)題“Don'trelyontechnologyalone”(不要僅僅依靠技術(shù))中的“technology”。故選F項。Ⅱ.完形填空【語篇解讀】本文講解并描述了王警官在過去的38年里，多次假扮成不同角色，甚至學(xué)會了說不同的方言，不顧危急混入犯罪團伙，勝利破案的故事。1．答案與解析：D依據(jù)“Mr.Wanghaspretendedtobesomeoneelsemanytimes”和“differentdialects”可知，他能扮成別人，甚至學(xué)會了講不同的方言。speak意為“會講”，符合語境。teach意為“教授”；compare意為“比較”；asses意為“評估”。2．答案與解析：C依據(jù)Tolookintothe________并結(jié)合選項可知，王先生是一名警察。policeman意為“警察”，符合語境。lawyer意為“律師”；doctor意為“醫(yī)生”；businessman意為“商人”。3．答案與解析：A依據(jù)thanmanyrealactors可知，王比很多真正的演員都更投入“角色”。role意為“角色”，符合語境。study意為“學(xué)習(xí)”；family意為“家庭”；audience意為“觀眾”。4．答案與解析：B依據(jù)“Inthe1990s,agroupofthievesoftensoldstolengoodswiththehelpofsomebeggars.”可知，這是一起犯罪案件。case意為“(犯罪)案件”，符合語境。minor意為“未成年人；輔修科目”；future意為“將來”；question意為“問題”。5．答案與解析：B依據(jù)上文Tolookintothe________和語境可知，他裝扮自己而后混入乞丐中。join意為“加入”，符合語境。interview意為“采訪”；arrest意為“逮捕”；assist意為“幫助”。6．答案與解析：C依據(jù)上文“Dirtyshortsandoldshoes”可知，這是描述外表。appearance意為“外表；出現(xiàn)”，符合語境。challenge意為“挑戰(zhàn)”；experience意為“經(jīng)驗”；freedom意為“自由”。7．答案與解析：D依據(jù)“hisconvincingdialectsoonwonhimthe”可知，他的方言講得好，贏得了乞丐們的信任。trust意為“信任”，符合語境。vote意為“投票”；sympathy意為“憐憫”；permission意為“準(zhǔn)許”。8．答案與解析：A依據(jù)themtodrinkalcohol可知，為了套話，王常常請他們喝酒。invite意為“邀請”，符合語境。force意為“強迫”；help意為“幫助”；expect意為“期盼”。9．答案與解析：A依據(jù)themtodrinkalcohol可知，喝醉后，乞丐們起先滔滔不絕。drunk意為“喝醉的”，符合語境。deserted意為“被拋棄的”；bored意為“無聊的”；lost意為“失去的”。10．答案與解析：C依據(jù)下文sendthe________tomyteammates可知，為了發(fā)送出信息，王借口去廁所。excuse意為“找借口”，符合語境。guide意為“引導(dǎo)”；persuade意為“勸告”；allow意為“允許”。11．答案與解析：B依據(jù)whatthebeggarssaid可知，王把乞丐們的醉后真言登記來。notedown意為“作記錄”，符合語境。referto意為“指的是”；askabout意為“詢問”；missout意為“錯過，遺漏”。12．答案與解析：D依據(jù)語境可知，王應(yīng)當(dāng)是把信息發(fā)給他的隊友。information意為“信息”，符合語境。plan意為“安排”；agreement意為“同意”；direction意為“指導(dǎo)”。13．答案與解析：B依據(jù)上文王警官的種種經(jīng)驗可推斷，他常處于危急的境地。dangerous意為“危急的”，符合語境。awkward意為“尷尬的”；unfortunate意為“不幸的”；strange意為“驚奇的”。14．答案與解析：C依據(jù)上文“Wang,whoisoftenin________situations,isalsoajudomaster.”可知，身為柔道大師，沒有罪犯能從王這里逃走。escape意為“逃走”，符合語境。separate意為“分別”；recov