2023-2024學(xué)年北京市西城區(qū)八年級下學(xué)期期末英語試題（含答案）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023-2024學(xué)年北京市西城區(qū)八年級下學(xué)期期末英語試題一、單項(xiàng)填空（共10分，每題1分）1.Mrs.Smithhastwokidsandsheoftenplaystenniswith________onSundays.A.him B.them C.you D.her2.Duringthewinterholiday,myfamilytraveledtoHainan________plane.A.in B.on C.by D.to3.BettyandLily________friendssincetheywere13yearsold.A.were B.are C.havebeen D.willbe4.—Dad,thisblackshirt________verysoft.Wouldyouliketotryiton?—No,thanks.Ipreferlightcolors.A.tastes B.sounds C.smells D.feels5.—Tim,youneedtogonow,________youwillbelateforclass.—OK,mom.I’mleavingnow.A.or B.but C.and D.so6.—________doyoucookforyourfamily?—Abouttwiceaweek.A.Howlong B.Howmuch C.Howoften D.Howmany7.Irefuse________allthefriedfoodbecauseIwanttokeepfit.A.eat B.toeat C.eating D.ate8.—Sam,you________thetableyet.It’sallmessy!—Sorry,I’lldoitimmediately.A.haven’tcleared B.weren’tclearing

C.won’tclear D.don’tclear9.It________thewriterseveralmonthstofinishthebookRedStarOverChinainthe1930s.A.takes B.willtake C.hastaken D.took10.—Doyouknow________?—NextSundaymorning.A.whenwillwevisittheScienceMuseum

B.whenwewillvisittheScienceMuseum

C.whendidwevisittheScienceMuseum

D.whenwevisitedtheScienceMuseum二、完形填空（共10分，每題1分）Samandhisfamilywerespendingtheirholidayattheseaside.WhenSamandhisgrandmastoodonthebeachwatchingthesunrise,aperfectshell

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ashore(上岸).Samquicklypickeditupandturneditover.Inside,theshellwasaspinkasarabbit’sear!“Itisagiftfromthesea,”saidGrandma,“Takegoodcareofit.”“Iwill,”saidSam.Sam

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showedhistreasuretohisfamily.Hisparentslovedit,buthisbrotherVikramthoughtitwasnothingspecial.Thenextday,Sam

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theshellontheshelfintheircottage(小屋)andthenwentwithhisfamilytotheboardwalk.Vikramdidn’tgowiththem,becausehewasbusytakingpictures.Attheboardwalk,Samsawshellsonsale,butnonewereas

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ashis.Backatthecottage,herantohisroomtoadmire(欣賞)theshell.Butitwasgone!“Dad,whereismyshell?”Samcried.“Wheredidyouputit?”Dadasked.“Iputitontheshelfbutit’snotthere!”answeredSam.Thensomethingcaughthiseye...underVikram’sbed.“Vikramtookit,”hesaid.“Ididnot!”shoutedVikram.“Iwastakingpicturesatthebeach.Whocaresaboutyour

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shell?”Samdidn’tsayawordbutquietlyhidtheshellunderhisclothesinadrawer.Hecheckedonhis

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twicebeforeeveryonewenttothebeachforthelasttime.Thatafternoon,Samandhisfamilypacked(收拾行李)togohome.Samopenedhisdraweronlytofindhisshellgoneagain.Duringdinner,Sam

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hisfamily.Hethoughtsomeonewashidinghisshell.Who?Andwhy?Suddenly,hismissingshellwalkedintotheroom.“Look!”saidSam,pointing.Everyonelooked.Theshellthatwaspinkinsidenowhad

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thatracedforthedoor.Itturnedouttobeahermitcrab.Everyonewasamazed.Samranoverandpickeditup.“I’llcallyouSandy,”saidSam.“Youcanliveatmyhouse.”“Healreadyhasahome,”saidGrandma.Sam

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howhisshellhadwashedupfromtheocean.ThatwasSandy’srealhome.Thatwaswherehewantedtobe.“Grandma,willyoucometothebeachwithmeagain?Ihaveto

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agift.”Grandmasmiled.11.A.drove B.swam C.washed D.pointed12.A.proudly B.shyly C.secretly D.politely13.A.found B.left C.lost D.threw14.A.special B.big C.clean D.strong15.A.perfect B.valuable C.dangerous D.boring16.A.shelf B.treasure C.surprise D.picture17.A.expected B.noticed C.believed D.studied18.A.legs B.hands C.ears D.eyes19.A.regretted B.imagined C.remembered D.discovered20.A.send B.receive C.offer D.return三、閱讀選擇（共22分，每題2分）A

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Iwanttolearnaboutthegreatpeopleinhumanhistorywhohaveexplored(探索)theuniverse.Tony

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Ienjoystoriesaboutfriendshipandpersonalgrowth.Betty

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Iaminterestedinmusicandlovereadingstoriesaboutmusicians.LilyA．SHOOTYOURSHOTThisbookteachesyouaboutthemostimportantrulesthatthebestbasketballplayersuseintheirlives.Itexplainshowtherulescanhelpyougetthroughlifeandmakeyourdreamscometrue.B．SPACEOnly628peopleinthehistoryofhumanshavebeentospace.Inthisbook,anastronautnamedTimPeaketellstheirstories.Theyareallbraveandamazingpeoplewhohavemadeitpossibleforustogotospace.C．LISTENEvelynfellinlovewithmusicthefirsttimesheheardit.Shestartedplayingthepianoattheageofeight.Later,shebegantoloseherhearing,butEvelyndidn’tgiveup.Shediscoveredanewwaytohearandmadebeautifulmusic.D．ROLLERGIRLAstridandNicolearebestfriends.ButthingschangewhenAstridchoosesrollerderbycamp,andNicolepicksdancecamp.Thissituationteststheirfriendship.Luckily,bysummer’send,theylearnthattruefriendscheereachotheronwhiletryingnewactivities.21.A.A B.B C.C D.D22.A.A B.B C.C D.D23.A.A B.B C.C D.DBThereisabusystreetcornerbesideabusstationwherekidschangebusesgoingtoandfromschool.It’snotaprettyplace.There’snoisytrafficandthenearbybuildingsaregrayandunloved.However,ithasapatch(小塊地)ofbeauty—asmallgardencalledPete’sPatch.Peteisoneofthekidswhowaitheretochangebusesfornineminuteseachday.Inthepast,itwasn’tafunorpleasantplace.Therewasnowherenicetowalkandthepatchnexttothestationwaslitteredwithtrash(垃圾).Petehadnochoicebecausethiswastheonlyway.Hefeltlikehewaswastinghislifeaway.Therewasnothingtolookat,nothingtokeephimbusy,andhangingaroundlikethateachdaydrovehimmad.Heknewhecouldn’tdoanythingtochangethebuscompany’stimetable,buthecouldmakethenineminutesmoreenjoyableforhimselfandothers.Heaskedhismomforsometrashbags.Thatweek,hefilledhisnineminuteseachdaybypickingupthetrash.Ontheweekend,heaskedhisdadtodrivedownandtakethetrashbagstothedump(垃圾場).OnMondaymorning,thepatchlookedsomuchcleanerandnicer.Thennextweek,Petebegantopullweeds(雜草).Oneofhisfriendscametohelp.Soonthepatchwaslookinggood,butsomedirtywordsonthewallsofthebusstationwerereallymakinghimangry.Petehadanidea.Hepaintedamural(壁畫)tocoverthedirtywords.Whenhestartedtowork,moreofhisschoolfriendsjoinedhimeachday.NowPeteandhisfriendsareproudofthatpatch,andtheysurearen’tgoingtoletanyonemessitup.Theyhaveevenplantedsomefreshflowers.Whilewaitingfortheirnextbus,theywalkthroughthepatchandcollecttrash.OneMonday,however,asherodethebustoschool,Petelooked,asusual,towardthepatch.Tohissurprise,therewasasignonit.Hisfriendshadpaintedit.Itread:Pete’sPatch.24.Whywasn’ttheareaaroundthebusstationapleasantplace?A.Becausethereweretoomanypeople.

B.Becausetheflowersweren’tpretty.

C.Becausethewallsweren’tcolorful.

D.Becausetherewasalotoftrash.25.WhatdidPetedotomakethepatchlooknicer?A.Hepulledweedswithhisfriend.

B.Heplantedflowerswithhismom.

C.Hechangedthebuscompany’stimetable.

D.Hetookapictureofthebusstation’swalls.26.WhichwordscanbestdescribePete?A.Hardworkingandshy. B.Humorousandsmart.

C.Helpfulandcreative. D.Politeandbrave.27.Whatdoesthestorytellus?A.Timefliesbutmemorieslastforever.

B.Goodfriendssticktogetherlikeglue.

C.Parentsshouldalwayshelptheirkids.

D.Alittleactionmakestheworldbetter.CResearchshowsthatthediscoveryofexoplanets(planetsoutsideoursolarsystem)haschangedsciencefiction(小說).Now,booksandmoviespresenttheseplanetsmoreexactly,makingsciencefictionmoreimportantthanbefore.Imaginelearningaboutstarsinaclassroom.Youcouldstartwithcomplex(復(fù)雜的)picturesandfacts,oryoucouldwatchthemovieStarWarswhereLukeSkywalkerseestwosunsfromhishomeplanet,Tatooine.Whichwillmoreeasilyawakentheinterestofasleepyhighschoolclass?Sciencefictionhasalwayscaughtourattentionandithasinspired(激勵)scientiststogofortheirdreams.Forthisreason,itissometimesusedtocommunicatesciencetothepublic,evencomplexideas.Tobesurethatthisisausefulway,itisnecessarytounderstandhowsciencefictionshowsactualscience.EmmaJohannaPuranenandherteamfromtheUniversityofStAndrewsandtheAustrianAcademyofSciencesdidsomeresearch,studyingalotofsciencefictionworks,includingnovels,movies,TVshows,podcasts,andvideogamestoseehowsciencefictionreflects(反映)realscientificdiscoveriesaboutexoplanets.“Moststoriesthataresetinspacewillfinallyhaveascene(場景)onanexoplanet,”explainsPuranen.“Thereasonforusingexoplanetsisthattherewasahugechangeinourscientificunderstandingin1995whenthefirstexoplanetaroundasun-likestarwasdiscovered.”“Traditionallyinsciencefiction,mostlytherehavebeenEarth-likeplanets,”explainsPuranen.“ButwhathaschangedsincethediscoveryofrealexoplanetsisthatthefictionalexoplanetshaveactuallybecomeabitlessEarth-like.”Accordingtorealscience,manyexoplanetsareverydifferentfromEarthandoftennotinthe“Goldilockszone”,whereconditionsarefriendliertolifeasweknowit.“Icanguessthatmaybewritersofsciencefictionarereadingalltheseheadlinesaboutworldsthatarecoveredinlavaorwhereit’srainingdiamonds,whichyouseeinthemedia,”saysPuranen.Sciencefiction,inaway,reflectstheknowledgeanddiscoveriesofitstime.Thismakesitavaluabletoolforsciencecommunication.Itcanintroducepeopletonewscientificideasinaninterestingandunderstandableway.Thisresearchhighlightstheconnectionbetweenscientificdiscoveriesandcreativity.Whileexploringtheuniverse,sciencefictioncandevelopcuriosity(好奇心)andmakefurtherresearchpossible,makingthesubjectofexoplanetsanimportantexampleofhowscienceandimaginationimproveeachother.28.ThewritermentionedthemovieStarWarsto________.A.explainwhatanexoplanetislikeinahumorousway

B.presenttheresultofthelatestresearchaboutexoplanets

C.showaninterestingwayofsharingsciencewitheveryone

D.introduceapopularscientificmoviebyafamousdirector29.Howhassciencefictionchangedafterthediscoveryofthefirstexoplanet?A.ItgivesmoreattentiontoEarth.

B.ItdescribestheEarthdifferently.

C.Sciencefictionhaslostinterestinexplainingexoplanets.

D.ExoplanetsinsciencefictionhavebecomelessEarth-like.30.Thewords“Goldilockszone”inParagraph6mostprobablymean________.A.aspacefoundonanexoplanet

B.animportantpartofoursolarsystem

C.anareawhichisgoodforscientificactivities

D.aplacethatprovideslivingenvironmentforlife31.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.sciencefictionhasplayedanactivepartincommunicatingscience

B.scientificdiscoverieshaveslowedthedevelopmentofimagination

C.sciencefictionhasbecomelesspopularbecauseofscientificdiscoveries

D.newscientificdiscoverieshavemadesciencefictioneasiertounderstand四、閱讀表達(dá)（共10分）32.Didyouknowtomatoketchup,themostpopularsauce(醬),wasinventedinChina?Itdatesbackthousandsofyears.PeoplelivingalongthecoastsandriversofsouthernChinabegantomakethefirstketchupbysaltingandfermenting(發(fā)酵)fishandshrimp.Atfirst,thisearlyketchupwasknownonlyinsouthernChina.Afteraround200B．C．(HanDynasty),thefishsaucebecamepopularinthewholecountry,especiallyinaplacecalledFujian.There,thesaucegotthenameketchup,whichmeansfishsauceinHokkien,thelanguageofsouthernFujian.Later,peoplefromFujianbegantotraveltoplaceslikeIndonesia,wheretheybuiltfactoriesformakingtraditionalChinesesauceslikeketchup—andthat’swheretheBritishfirstdiscoveredit.Intheearly1600s,BritishsailorswhoweretravelingtoIndonesiabegantodevelopatasteforketchup.Theirfoodonshipswasboring,andketchupmadeittastebetter.Beforelong,theybroughtlotsofketchuphome.Butitwasexpensive,sotheBritishstartedtryingtomaketheirown.ALondoncookbookfrom1742hadaketchuprecipe(配方)withbeer,fish,mushrooms,andspices.Itwasinthemid-1800sthattheBritishstartedusingtomatoesinketchup.Thiswasdifferentfromthefishyketchup.Sincetomatoeswentbadfast,thecompany,Heinz,begantousevinegar(醋)inketchuptomakesureitcouldbestoredforalongtime.Inthelate1800s,ketchupproductionandpopularitybegantoriseinAmerica.So,themakersinAmericaincreasedketchupproduction,creatingrecipestosatisfyAmericans’taste.ItwasabitsweeterandthickerthanBritishketchup.Byaround1910,ketchupbegantolookliketheketchupweputonMcDonald’sfriestoday.However,therearealsosomedifferencesbetweentheketchupof1910andtoday.Intoday’sketchup,cornsyrup(玉米糖漿)isused,notsugar.What’smore,tomeetpeople’sneedsforahealthylifestyle,somecompaniesalsomakehealthieroneswithoutsugar.FromafishysauceinancientAsiatoa“goes-great-with-everything”sauce,ketchuphasalonghistoryfullofchanges.(1)Whomadethefirstketchup?_______________________________(2)WhydidBritishsailorslikeketchup?_______________________________(3)Whendidketchupbegintolookliketheoneweeattoday?________________________________(4)Fromafishysaucetotoday’sketchup,whatarethereasonsforchangingtheketchuprecipe?(Atleast3reasons)_______________________________五、根據(jù)中文意思和英文提示詞語寫出句子。（共8分，每題2分）33.旅行之前做好準(zhǔn)備很重要。（getready）（漢譯英）_________________________________________34.老師總是鼓勵我們參加課后活動。(after-classactivities)（漢譯英）________________________________________35.到目前為止，《貓和老鼠》（Tom&Jerry）已經(jīng)流行八十多年了。（sofar）（漢譯英）________________________________________36.好朋友不僅能分享你的快樂，還能幫你解決問題。（notonly...butalso...）（漢譯英）_________________________________________六、文段表達(dá)（10分）37.請根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于40詞的文段寫作。所給提示詞語僅供選用。在我們的人生旅程中，“做更好的自己”是一個(gè)永恒的主題：從學(xué)習(xí)新技能到發(fā)展愛好，從建立友誼到學(xué)會擔(dān)當(dāng)，都是不斷克服困難、自我提升的過程。假如你是李華，學(xué)校英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以“Beabetterme”為題目的征文活動。請你向網(wǎng)站投稿，分享一次經(jīng)歷。內(nèi)容包括：什么使你成為了更好的自己，你經(jīng)歷了什么，你從中收獲了什么。提示詞語：confident，experience，nervous，grow，improve。提示問題：1.Whatmadeyou“abetteryou”?2.Whathappened?3.Whathaveyoulearnedfromit?Beabetterme________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________七、選做題（共10分）38.閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。HowtoWorkonYourSelf-esteem(自尊心)Ataboutsixyearsold,mymumwasbrushingmyhaironemorningbeforeschoolwhenIaskedheraquestion.“AmIugly?”Iasked,lookingatherandmyreflectioninthemirrorbeforeme.Shesaidno,andaskedmewherethisquestionwascomingfrom.Itoldheraboyinmyclasshadcalledmeuglyontheplayground.ThatwasthefirsttimeIrememberfeelingbadaboutmyself.Butthatwasjustthebeginningofaverylongandtroubledrelationshipwithmyself.Thatboyontheplaygroundwasforfromthelastpersontocallmeugly.Hewascertainlynotthelastpersontomakemequestionmysenseofself.IknowI’mnotaloneinfeelingthisway,andyoumighthaveasimilarstoryaboutthefirsttimeyoueverwonderedaloudorquietlywhetherornotyouwere“ugly”,whetheryouwere“notsmart”,orwhetheryouwerea“badperson”.Soherearesometips(建議)toanyonewhohaseverwonderedwhattodoaboutlong-lastinglowself-esteem.ChallengeyournegativethoughtsNegative(負(fù)面的)thoughtscanmakeyoubelievethatmanyoftheterriblethingsyou’vethoughtaboutyourselfaretrue.Everytimeyouthinkorsaysomethingnegativeaboutyourselfchallengeitbytellingyourselfofsomethingyoudidwellorsucceededin.Youshouldn’tbelieveeverythingyouthink.Ifyouoftenfindyourselfexpectingtheworst,youmightformawayofthinkingthatisn’tquiteright.Researcherssuggestpayingattentiontoyourwayofthinking,andthinkingitoveragainifyounoticeyou’reoftentoohardonyourself.KeepanachievementsjournalEveryday,writedownthethingsyoudidwellorachievedthatdayinyourjournal.Thiscouldbeanythingfromfinishingataskatworkplacetomakingyourownlunch—whateveryoufeelproudof.Youcanalsousethejournaltokeeptrack(追蹤)ofdifferentfeelingsyou’reexperiencing,finallysteering(引導(dǎo))itbacktosomepositives.Youcanwritedownafewthingsyoulikeaboutyourselfaswell.Itmayfeelstrangeatfirst,butyou’llfeelmorecomfortablewhenyoupractiseitmore.AvoidcomparingyourselftoothersIt’sreallyhardtoavoidcomparingyourselftoothers—especiallyifyouspendmuchtimeonsocialmedia.Ifyou’reworriedaboutsocialmedia’sinfluenceonyourself-esteem,unfollowwhatmakesyoufeelbadaboutyourself.Youshouldtellyourselfthatlifeisn’tacompetition.Everypersonisvaluableandhashisownsuccessesandfailings.Theonlypersonyouneedtocompareyourselftoisyou.(1)Whydidthewriterfeelbadaboutherselfforthefirsttime?________________________________(2)Whatdoesthewritersuggestwritinginajournaltodealwithlowself-esteem?_______________________________(3)①Whichtipdoyouthinkistheeasi