2022-2023學(xué)年湖北省華中師范大學(xué)第一某中學(xué)高二年級上冊階段性測試英語試題（解析版）

2022-2023華師一附中高二英語階段性測試

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽完每段對話，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttheplay?

A.Thestory.B.Theending.C.Theactor.

2.Whichplacearethespeakerstryingtofind?

A.Ahotel.B.Abank.C.Arestaurant.

3.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?

A.5:20.B.5:10.C.4:40.

4.Whatwillthemando?

A.Changetheplan.B.Waitforaphonecall.C.Sortthingsout.

5.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Seeafilmwiththeman.B.Offerthemansomehelp.C.Listentosomegreatmusic.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最

佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5五秒鐘;聽完后，各小題

將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhereisBen?

A.Inthekitchen.B.Atschool.C.Inthepark.

7.Whatwillthechildrendointheafternoon?

A.Helpsetthetable.B.Haveaparty.C.Dotheirhomework.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdidthemanthinkofthemeal?

A.Justso-so.B.Quitesatisfactory.C.Abitdisappointing

9.Whatwasthe15%onthebillpaidfor?

A.Thefood.B.Thedrinks.C.Theservice.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhendoestheBarnesNobleSummerReadingProgramforkidsend?

A.InAugust.B.InSeptember.C.InOctober.

11.Whatcanchildrendoafterreadingeightbooksduringtheprogram?

A.Downloadfreejournals.B.Jointheprogramfree.C.Getafreebook.

12.WhichgradeisJimstudyingin?

A.Grade1.B.Grade6.C.Grade7.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.WhatwouldJoeprobablydoduringtheMid-AutumnFestival?

A.Gotoaplay.B.Stayathome.C.VisitKingston.

14.WhatisArielgoingtodoinToronto?

A.Takepartinaparty.B.Meetheraunt.C.Seeacarshow.

15.WhyisArielinahurrytoleave?

A.TocallBetty.B.TobuysomeDVDs.C.TopickupDaniel.

16.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Fellowworkers.C.Guideandtourist.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhydosomepeoplesaytheyneverhavedreamsaccordingtoDr.Garfield?

A.Theyforgetabouttheirdreams.

B.Theydon'twanttotellthetruth.

C.Theyhavenobadexperiences.

18.WhydidDavisstophavingdreams?

A.Hegotaseriousheartattack.

B.Hewastoosadabouthisbrother'sdeath.

C.Hewasfrightenedbyaterribledream.

19.WhatisDr.Garfield'sopinionaboutdreaming?

A.Itisveryuseful.B.Itmakesthingsworse.C.Itpreventsthemindfromworking.

20.Whydosomepeopleturnofftheirdreamscompletely?

A.Tosleepbetter.B.Torecoverfromillnesses.C.Tostayawayfromtheirproblems.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

LifeandHealthInsuranceRiskManagerWanted

Ourcompanyhaspartneredwithaninternationalinsurerandislookingforafull-timeriskmanagerwith

responsibilityfortheUKLifeandHealthInsurancebusiness.Theroleisinasmallriskteamandissuitedtoa

high-performingindividual.

Responsibilities

"Supportthechiefriskofficer;

*Overseethereportingofhealthandliferisks;

*Deliveradviceandcooperatewithsomestakeholders（利益相關(guān)者）;

*Assessrelevantrisksoftechnicalpricingandreinsurance;

*Continuouslycontributetothecapitalrequirements,internalmodelreviewanddatamodelprocesses.

Keyrequirements

Theindividualwillbeaqualifiedlifeorhealthmanagerwhohasexperienceinriskmanagementorconsulting.

YoumustworkintheUK---theseruleshavechangedrecently,sowhenapplying,pleasestateyourqualificationto

workintheUK.（E.g.Britishpassport,Irishpassport,ILR,settled-status,etc.）

Salary

￡70,000-￡90,000peryearandperformance-basedsalary.

Contactinformation

Thedeadlineforapplicationsis14thMay,2021.

Ifyouareinterested,pleaseapplyhereorcontacttheassociateconsultantAbiLogeswaranatHFGInsurance

Recruitment（招聘）.Signintoapplyinstantly.

We'dlovetosendyouinformationaboutJobsandServicesfromCareersinRbyemail.Wedonotshare

yourinformationwiththirdpartiesformarketingpurposes.ByapplyingforajoblistedonCareersinRyou

agreetoourtermsandconditionsandprivacypolicy.Youshouldneverberequiredtoprovidebankaccountdetails.If

youare,pleaseemailus.

1Whatdoweknowaboutthejob?

A.Ithuntsforachiefriskofficer.B.Itisapart-timejob.

C.Itisrelatedtoinsurancebusiness.D.Itinvolvesahigh-riskteam.

2.Whichofthefollowingisamustforapplicants?

A.Aprofessionalcertificate.B.Theabilitytochangeworkingrules.

C.AnIrishpassport.D.Relevantexperience.

3.Whatdowehavetodowhenapplyingforthejob?

A.HandinourapplicationsbeforeMay.B.Acceptthecompany'sprivacypolicy.

C.Offerourbankaccountdetails.D.Giveourinformationtothirdparties.

【答案】l.C2.D3.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一則招聘廣告。一家保險公司招聘人壽及健康保險風(fēng)險經(jīng)理。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ourcompanyhaspartneredwithaninternationalinsurerandislookingforafull-time

riskmanagerwithresponsibilityfortheUKLifeandHealthInsurancebusiness.''（我們公司與一家國際保險公司

合作，正在尋找一位負(fù)責(zé)英國人壽和健康保險業(yè)務(wù)的全職風(fēng)險經(jīng)理。）可知，本則廣告中招聘的崗位與保險

行業(yè)有關(guān)，故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在“Keyrequirements”部分中的內(nèi)容“Theindividualwillbeaqualifiedlifeorhealthmanagerwho

hasexperienceinriskmanagementorconsulting.”（個人將是有風(fēng)險管理或咨詢經(jīng)驗的合格的生活或健康經(jīng)

理。）可知，應(yīng)聘者必須有相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗，故選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ByapplyingforajoblistedonCareersinRyouagreetoourtermsand

conditionsandprivacypolicy."（通過申請CareersinR上列出的工作，您同意我們的條款和條件以及隱

私政策。）可知，申請者需要通過申請CareersinR上列出的工作，并同意該公司的條款和條件以及隱

私政策。故選B。

【點睛】

B

Oliver,theCTOofahigh-techcompany,lovedtoparticipateinallconversationsattheC-suitelevel,regardless

oftopic.Hewasoftenthefirsttoraisehishandforaproject,appearedtohaveinfinitecapacitytogethigh-quality

workdone,andofferedtoassisthispeersanddirectreports.Oliverseemedtobeall-in;optimistic,energetic,

supportive,andsomeonewhoconstitutedtoeveryone.

However,themoreOliverparticipated,themoreothersaroundhimwereslighted.Insteadofsparkingcreatively

inothers,hisideasoutshoneeveryoneelse's.Heconsumedtimespeakinginmeetings,exhaustingtheoxygenlevelin

theroom.Oliverfeltpumpedupbyhowmanyofhisideashadbeendeployedbutfrustratedbyothers1lackof

sufficienteffort.

WhiletheCEOappreciatedOliver'syield,sherecognizedhehadtochangehisapproachtokeeptherestofthe

teamproductive.Inresponse,Oliverworkedoutaplantohelpaddresshiscooperationchallengesusingtechniques

manyotherexecutiveshaddeployed.

Whenweover-participate,webelievethatwe*rebeinghelpful.However,“helpfulness“isdefinedbythe

recipient,notthegiver.Insteadofimprovinghisrelationshipswithcolleagues,Oliverrobbedthemoffulfillmentby

furnishingmassesofideas.Theyfeltdiscouraged,interrupted,andexcluded.Tofixtheissue,Oliverlearnedthevalue

ofaskingtwospecificquestionsbeforeofferinghisownideas:"Whathaveyouthoughtof?”and"Whatwouldbe

mosthelpfulfbryouatthispoint?^^Surveyingotherstounderstandwhafshelpfulilluminatesbetteravenuesforour

contribution:directlythroughourideas,throughcoachingcolleaguestocreatetheirown,orbybuildingonwhat

someoneelsehasgenerated.

4.WhatcanweleamaboutOliver?

A.Helackscreativity.B.Hefavourscompetition.

C.Heworksenthusiastically.D.Hebehavesirresponsibly.

5.WhatisaresultofOliver'sover-participation?

A.Theteamgeneratedmorediverseideas.

B.Oliver'scolleaguesbecamelessproductive.

C.Groupmeetingsweremoretime-consuming.

D.Oliver'steammateswereinspiredtoworkharder.

6.WhattechniquedidOliveremploytofixtheissue?

A.Hearingothers'voices.B.Providingspecificideas.

C.Strengtheninghisleadership.D.Buildingstrongrelationships.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhenLeadersFailtoKeeptheTeamProductive

B.WhenContributingGetsintheWayofCooperating

C.HowaGreatTeamWelcomesIdeasinaDiscussion

D.HowActiveParticipationGivesRisetoaBetterTeam

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了Oliver工作很熱情，但是他的過度參與反而降低了團(tuán)隊的工作

效率，他參與得越多，他周圍的人就越受冷落。于是Oliver通過傾聽他人的聲音，來指導(dǎo)同事創(chuàng)造他們自

己的想法，從而提高團(tuán)隊工作效率。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段Oliver,theCTOofahigh-techcompany,lovedtoparticipateinallconversationsatthe

C-suitelevel,regardlessoftopic.Hewasoftenthefirsttoraisehishandforaproject,appearedtohaveinfinite

capacitytogethigh-qualityworkdone,andofferedtoassisthispeersanddirectreports.Oliverseemedtobeall-in;

optimistic,energetic,supportive,andsomeonewhoconstitutedtoeveryone.（Oliver是一家高科技公司的首席技術(shù)

官，他喜歡參與所有的高層對話，無論是什么話題。他常常是第一個為一個項目舉手的人，似乎有無限的

能力完成高質(zhì)量的工作，并主動提出幫助他的同事和直接下屬。Oliver似乎全力以赴；樂觀、精力充沛、樂

于助人，是每個人的楷模）”可推知，Oliver工作很熱情。故選C。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第二段“However,themoreOliverparticipated,themoreothersaroundhimwereslighted.Instead

ofsparkingcreativelyinothers,hisideasoutshoneeveryoneelse's.Heconsumedtimespeakinginmeetings,

exhaustingtheoxygenlevelintheroom.Oliverfeltpumpedupbyhowmanyofhisideashadbeendeployedbut

frustratedbyothers5lackofsufficienteffort.（然而，Oliver參與得越多，他周圍的人就越受冷落。他的想法沒

有激發(fā)別人的創(chuàng)造力，反而比別人的更有創(chuàng)意。他花時間在會議上發(fā)言，耗盡了房間里的氧氣水平。Oliver

對自己的許多想法被采納感到鼓舞，但對其他人的努力不足感到沮喪）”可知，Oliver參與得越多，其他同

事就越沮喪、不受重視、無法激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，Oliver過度參與的結(jié)果是同事們的工作效率降低了。故選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Tofixtheissue,Oliverlearnedthevalueofaskingtwospecificquestionsbefore

ofieringhisownideas:"Whathaveyouthoughtof?^^and“Whatwouldbemosthelpfulforyouatthispoint?^^

Surveyingotherstounderstandwhat*shelpfulilluminatesbetteravenuesforourcontribution:directlythroughour

ideas,throughcoachingcolleaguestocreatetheirown,orbybuildingonwhatsomeoneelsehasgenerated.（為了解

決這個問題，Oliver學(xué)會了在提出自己的想法之前問兩個具體問題的價值：“你有什么想法？”以及“此時

什么對你最有幫助？”通過調(diào)查他人來了解什么是有幫助的，可以為我們的貢獻(xiàn)指明更好的途徑：直接通

過我們的想法，通過指導(dǎo)同事創(chuàng)造他們自己的想法，或者在其他人的想法的基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)發(fā)展）”可知，Oliver

通過問其他同事問題，來傾聽他人的聲音來解決這個問題。故選A。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后——段“Whenweover-participate,webelievethatweYebeinghelpful.However,

“helpfulness“isdefinedbytherecipient,notthegiver.Insteadofimprovinghisrelationshipswithcolleagues,Oliver

robbedthemoffulfillmentbyfurnishingmassesofideas.Theyfeltdiscouraged,interrupted,andexcluded.Tofixthe

issue,Oliverlearnedthevalueofaskingtwospecificquestionsbeforeofferinghisownideas:"Whathaveyou

thoughtof?”and"Whatwouldbemosthelpfulforyouatthispoint?^^Surveyingotherstounderstandwhat'shelpful

illuminatesbetteravenuesforourcontribution:directlythroughourideas,throughcoachingcolleaguestocreatetheir

own,orbybuildingonwhatsomeoneelsehasgenerated.（當(dāng)我們過度參與時，我們認(rèn)為自己是在幫助別人。然

而，“幫助”是由接受者定義的，而不是給予者。Oliver非但沒有改善與同事的關(guān)系，反而提出了大量的想

法，剝奪了他們的成就感。他們感到沮喪、被打斷、被排斥。為了解決這個問題，Oliver學(xué)會了在提出自己

的想法之前問兩個具體問題的價值：“你有什么想法？”以及“此時什么對你最有幫助？”通過調(diào)查他人來

了解什么是有幫助的，可以為我們的貢獻(xiàn)指明更好的途徑：直接通過我們的想法，通過指導(dǎo)同事創(chuàng)造他們

自己的想法，或者在其他人的想法的基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)發(fā)展）”結(jié)合文章主要講述了Oliver工作很熱情，但是他的

過度參與（對團(tuán)隊的貢獻(xiàn)）反而降低了團(tuán)隊的工作效率，他參與得越多，他周圍的人就越受冷落，不利于

合作。于是Oliver通過傾聽他人的聲音，來指導(dǎo)同事創(chuàng)造他們自己的想法，從而提高團(tuán)隊工作效率。可知，

B選項“當(dāng)貢獻(xiàn)妨礙合作時”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

C

Bothmisinformation,whichincludeshonestmistakes,anddisinformation,whichinvolvesanintentionto

mislead,havehadagrowingimpactonteenagestudentsoverthepast20years.Onetoolthatschoolscanusetodeal

withthisproblemiscalledmedialiteracyeducation.Theideaistoteachteenagestudentshowtoevaluateandthink

criticallyaboutthemessagestheyreceive.Yetthereisprofounddisagreementaboutwhattoteach.

Someapproachesteachstudentstodistinguishthequalityoftheinformationinpartbylearninghowresponsible

journalismworks.Yetsomescholarsarguethatthesemethodsoverstatejournalismanddolittletocultivatecritical

thinkingskills.Otherapproachesteachstudentsmethodsforevaluatingthecredibilityofnewsandinformation

sources,inpartbydeterminingtheincentiveofthosesources.Theyteachstudentstoask:Whatencouragedthemto

createitandwhy?Buteveniftheseapproachesteachstudentsspecificskillswell,someexpertsarguethat

determiningcredibilityofthenewsisjustthefirststep.Oncestudentsfigureoutififstrueorfalse,whatistheother

assessmentandtheotheranalysistheyneedtodo?

Worsestill,someapproachestomedialiteracyeducationnotonlydon'tworkbutmightactuallybackfireby

increasingstudents,skepticismaboutthewaythemediawork.Studentsmaybegintoreadallkindsofimmoral

motivesintoeverything.Itisgoodtoeducatestudentstochallengetheirassumptions,butit'sveryeasyforstudentsto

gofromhealthycriticalthinkingtounhealthyskepticismandtheideathateveryoneislyingallthetime.

Toavoidthesepotentialproblems,broadapproachesthathelpstudentsdevelopmindsetsinwhichtheybecome

comfortablewithuncertaintyareinneed.AccordingtoeducationalpsychologistWilliamPerryofHarvardUniversity,

studentsgothroughvariousstagesoflearning.First,childrenareblack-and-whitethinkers——theythinkthereareright

answersandwronganswers.Thentheydevelopintorelativists,realizingthatknowledgecanbecontextual.This

stageistheonewherepeoplecancometobelievethereisnotruth.Withmedialiteracyeducation,theaimistoget

studentstothenextlevel—thatplacewheretheycanstarttoseeandappreciatethefactthattheworldismessy,and

thafsokay.Theyhavethesefundamentalapproachestogatheringknowledgethattheycanaccept,buttheystillvalue

uncertainty.

Schoolsstillhavealongwaytogobeforetheygetthere,though.Manymorestudieswillbeneededfor

researcherstoreachacomprehensiveunderstandingofwhatworksandwhatdoesn'toverthelongterm."Education

scholarsneedtotakeanambitiousstepforward,saysHowardSchneider,directoroftheCenterforNewsLiteracyat

StonyBrookUniversity.

8.Asformedialiteracyeducation,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?

A.Howtoachieveitsgoal.B.Howtomeasureitsprogress.

C.Howtoavoiditssideeffects.D.Howtopromoteitsimportance.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentive“inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Importance.B.Variety.C.Motivation.D.Benefit.

10.TheauthormentionsstagesoflearninginParagraph4mainlyto.

A.comparedifferenttypesofthinking

B.evaluatestudents9minddevelopment

C.explainatheoryofeducationalpsychology

D.stresstheneedtoraisestudents5thinkinglevels

11.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.MediaLiteracyEducation:MuchStillRemains

B.MediaLiteracyEducation:SchoolsAretoBlame

C.MediaLiteracyEducation:AWaytoIdentifyFalseInformation

D.MediaLiteracyEducation:AToolforTestingCriticalThinking

【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章就如何實現(xiàn)媒體素養(yǎng)教育目標(biāo)，作者提出了不同的方法來幫助學(xué)生形成心

態(tài)，讓他們能夠適應(yīng)不確定性，但是在實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)之前還有很長的路要走。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的"Onetoolthatschoolscanusetodealwiththisproblemiscalledmedialiteracy

education.Theideaistoteachteenagestudentshowtoevaluateandthinkcriticallyaboutthemessagestheyreceive.

（學(xué)?？梢杂脕斫鉀Q這個問題的一個工具是媒體素養(yǎng)教育。這個想法是教青少年學(xué)生如何評估和批判性地思

考他們收到的信息）”可知，關(guān)于媒體素養(yǎng)教育，作者最關(guān)心的是如何實現(xiàn)媒體素養(yǎng)教育的目標(biāo)，即教青少

年學(xué)生如何評估和批判性地思考他們收到的信息。故選A項。

9題詳解】

詞句猜測題。由第二段的“Otherapproachesteachstudentsmethodsforevaluatingthecredibilityofnewsand

informationsources,inpartbydeterminingtheincentiveofthosesources.Theyteachstudentstoask:What

encouragedthemtocreateitandwhy?（其他方法教學(xué)生評估新聞和信息來源可信度的方法，部分是通過確定

這些來源的incentive。他們教學(xué)生問：是什么鼓勵他們創(chuàng)造它，為什么？）”可知，通過鼓勵學(xué)生詢問是什

么、為什么新聞和信息被創(chuàng)造出來來評估其來源可信度，這是從他人創(chuàng)造新聞和信息來源的動機(jī)入手，

incentive在此處意為“動機(jī)（Motivation）"。故選C項。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第四段中的"AccordingtoeducationalpsychologistWilliamPerryofHarvardUniversity,students

gothroughvariousstagesoflearning.First,childrenareblack-and-whitethinkers—theythinktherearerightanswers

andwronganswers.Thentheydevelopintorelativists,realizingthatknowledgecanbecontextual.Thisstageisthe

onewherepeoplecancometobelievethereisnotruth.Withmedialiteracyeducation,theaimistogetstudentstothe

nextlevel—thatplacewheretheycanstarttoseeandappreciatethefactthattheworldismessy,andthafsokay.（哈

佛大學(xué)的教育心理學(xué)家威廉?佩里認(rèn)為，學(xué)生會經(jīng)歷不同的學(xué)習(xí)階段。首先，孩子們是非黑即白的思考者,

他們認(rèn)為有正確的答案和錯誤的答案。然后他們發(fā)展成為相對主義者，意識到知識可以是背景知識。在這

個階段，人們可以開始相信沒有真相。通過媒體素養(yǎng)教育，目的是讓學(xué)生們進(jìn)入下一個層次，在那里他們

可以開始看到并欣賞世界是混亂的，這很好）”可知，學(xué)生的思維水平是有層次的：非黑即白層次和相對主

義者層次，所以他們會經(jīng)歷不同的學(xué)習(xí)階段，每個學(xué)習(xí)階段看問題的方式、角度和深度都不一樣，而媒體

素養(yǎng)教育是為了讓學(xué)生們進(jìn)入下一個層次，以提高學(xué)生思維水平，可得出第四段提到學(xué)習(xí)階段主要是為了

強(qiáng)調(diào)提高學(xué)生思維水平的必要性。故選D項。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。由第一段中的“Bothmisinformation,whichincludeshonestmistakes,anddisinformation,which

involvesanintentiontomislead,havehadagrowingimpactonteenagestudentsoverthepast20years.Onetoolthat

schoolscanusetodealwiththisproblemiscalledmedialiteracyeducation.（在過去的20年里，包括無心之失和

虛假信息在內(nèi)的錯誤消息對青少年學(xué)生的影響越來越大。學(xué)?？梢杂脕斫鉀Q這個問題的一個工具是媒體素

養(yǎng)教育）”和最后一段中的"Schoolsstillhavealongwaytogobeforetheygetthere,though.Manymorestudieswill

beneededforresearcherstoreachacomprehensiveunderstandingofwhatworksandwhatdoesn'toverthelongterm.

（然而，學(xué)校在實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)之前還有很長的路要走。研究人員還需要進(jìn)行更多的研究，才能全面了解什么

在長期內(nèi)起作用，什么不起作用）”及其它段落可知，文章就如何實現(xiàn)媒體素養(yǎng)教育目標(biāo)，作者提出了不同

的方法來幫助學(xué)生形成心態(tài)，讓他們能夠適應(yīng)不確定性，但是在實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)之前還有很長的路要走，A

項“媒體素養(yǎng)教育：路很長”符合文意。故選A項。

D

There'sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleintheWorld.Marley

understoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetween

people.TheUNunderstandsthistoo—that'swhyitmadeNov.l6^InternationalDayforTolerance”.

Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?FrenchphilosopherVoltaire(1694-1778)cangiveussomehelp.Accordingto

him,toleranceistheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror;letuspardoneach

other'sfolly—thatisthefirstlawofnature.

Nobody'sperfect;whenwe'retemptedtocriticizeanotherperson,weshouldperhapsrememberourown

imperfectionsfirst.

Veryoften,peopledon'trealizethatthey'reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.

Forexample,theUN'scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmen

towardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.

Ifsworththinkingalittleaboutthewords"tolerance"and"intolerance".Aretheythebestwordstodescribethe

evilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant“ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.

Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.

Butitseemswrongthatpeopleshouldagreeto“tolerate“peoplewithblackskin,forexample.Andshould

womenthinktheyhavereceivedtherespecttheyareduewhenmenagreeto“tolerate"them?

StillwhatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthisweaknessissomethingthatweallshare.

That'sthereasonwhyweshouldbetolerant.

It'salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.Bob

Marleyunderstoodthis.Inthesongmentionedabove,headvised:4tAllyougottodo:giveaOr,asthisolder

pieceofwisdomsays:"Writeyourloveonarocksoitstaysforeternity;writeyourhateinthesandsothewaveswill

washitaway.”

12.AccordingtoVoltaire,toleranceis.

A.beingwillingtoexpressyourlovetoothers

B.tryingtoovercomeyourimperfections

C.givingahandtovulnerablegroups

D.acceptingeachother'sweaknesses

13.Inwhatsenseis“tolerance”similarto“generosity”?

A.Humansareadvisedtotreatothersbetter.

BHumanslearnedtofindfaultsinothers.

C.Humansneedtogivesomethingtoothers.

D.Humanswillchangetheirattitudestoothers.

14.Theunderlinedword"this"inthelastparagraphrefersto.

A.givingthingstoothers

B.forgivingothers

C.differentattitudestowardloveandhate

D.thefactthathumansareimperfect

15.Whafsthetextmainlyabout?

A.TheoriginoftheInternationalDayofTolerance.

B.Themeaningandimportanceoftolerance.

C.ThephilosophybehindBobMarley'ssong.

D.Effectivewaystoshowtolerance.

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了聯(lián)合國將H月16日定為“國際寬容日”，其目的是為了喚起人

們對寬容的意識，此外文章著重介紹了寬容的意義和重要性。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Accordingtohim,toleranceistheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedof

frailty（脆弱）anderror;letuspardoneachother'sfolly—thatisthefirstlawofnature.（在他看來,寬容是人性的

結(jié)果。我們都是由脆弱和錯誤組成的；讓我們彼此原諒的愚蠢——這是自然的第一法則。）”可知，伏爾泰

認(rèn)為寬容是接受對方的弱點，故選D。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中"It'salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalso

giveourforgiveness.（這有點像慷慨。我們可以給別人東西，我們也可以給予我們的寬恕。）”可知，寬容類

似于慷慨，這是因為對別人寬容，意味著我們給予別人寬容，這就像對別人慷慨一樣，我們需要給別人一

些東西，故選C。

【14題詳解】

,詞句猜測J題。由最后一段“Ifsalittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogive

ourforgiveness.BobBobMarleyunderstoodthjs.（這有點像慷慨。我們可以給別人東西，我們也可以給予我們

對別人的寬恕。鮑勃?馬利理解這一點）”可以判斷出，this指代的是“forgivingothers”。故選B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段uStill,whatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthis

weaknessissomethingthatweallshare.Thafsthereasonweshouldbetolerant.（盡管如止匕，伏爾泰的話仍然站得

住腳：我們?nèi)祟惒⒉煌昝?，這個弱點是我們共有的。這就是我們應(yīng)該寬容的原因。）”可知，文章主要介紹

了寬容的意義和重要性，故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

IamnotsurehowmanybooksIhavereread,butperhapsitisfewerthantheaverageperson.16The

sourcematerial,though,isofcoursenot.

IusedtotakethesameapproachtobooksasIdidtotravel:don'tgotothesameplacetwice.Lifeistoo

short.17ThenIrealizedthatthefactthatlifeisshortmightworktheotherwayaround,too:ifyouknowyou

enjoysomething,orsomewhere,thenwhynotreturn?

RecentlyIrereadJosephHeller'sCatch-22.1wasinspiredtodosowhenremindedofhowhe'drespondwhen

peoplerudelyaskedhimwhyhe'dneverwrittenanythingasgood:"Whohas?"Catch-22prettymuchsavedmylife

whenIfirstreadit.18Ihaddroppedoutofschooltwice,didn'tleavethehouseatallanddidn'thavealife.It

feltasthoughIhadn'tlaughedinsuchalongtime.

19Itmanagedtotakemeoutofthedarkworld,andthoughitsthemesare,ofcourse,serious,its

clevernesscheeredmegreatly.Irelatedtoitscharacterswhoarethemselvestrapped.!amnowplanningtorereadthe

sortofbooksthatinspiredmeinmyownwriting.

Iwon'ttakeabreakaltogetherfromreadingthemostrecentreleases.Ilovethesmellofnewbooksfreshfromthe

printers.20

A.Catch-22hadmelaughing.

B.Myfavouritesaresecondhandeditions.

C.Thereisdiscomfortinreadingrecently-releasedbooks.

D.AtthattimeIwasanextremelydepressed17-year-old.

E.Forme,thepleasureofrereadingisanewlydiscoveredone.

F.Thereissomuchtoreadandsomuchtoseeandexperience.

G.However,!havedeterminedtodipmorefrequentlyintotheoldones

【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.A20.G

【解析】

【分析】本文是說明文。文章通過作者讀書的經(jīng)歷，表達(dá)了雖然喜歡新書的味道，但還是喜歡重讀能夠激

勵自己的舊書的觀點。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“IamnotsurehowmanybooksIhavereread,butperhapsitisfewerthantheaverageperson."（我不知

道我重讀了多少本書，但可能比一般人少。）提到作者不知道自己重讀了多少書籍可知，后面緊接著要說重

讀對于作者的意義。E項"Forme,thepleasureofrereadingisanewlydiscoveredone.（對我來說，重讀的樂趣

是新發(fā)現(xiàn)的?！?符合語境。故選E。

【17題詳解】

上文“IusedtotakethesameapproachtobooksasIdidtotravel:don'tgotothesameplacetwice.Lifeislooshort.w

（我過去對待書籍和旅行的態(tài)度是一樣的：不要去同一個地方兩次。生命太短暫了。）說明之前作者對待書

籍和對待旅行的態(tài)度是一樣的，作者不會去同一個地方，不讀同一本書，是因為生命太短暫，需要經(jīng)歷的

東西太多。F項"Thereissomuchtoreadandsomuchtoseeandexperience4有太多的東西要讀，太多的東西

要看和經(jīng)歷。）”承接上文，符合語境。故選F。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文"Ihaddroppedoutofschooltwice,didn'tleavethehouseatallanddidn'thavealife.（我曾兩次輟學(xué)，

根本沒有離開家，沒有生活。）可知，這里作者講述了自己的故事,D項“AtthattimeIwasanextremelydepressed

17-year-old.（當(dāng)時我17歲,極度抑郁。）”符合語境。故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Itmanagedtotakemeoutofthedarkworld,andthoughitsthemesare,ofcourse,serious,itscleverness

cheeredmegreatly."（它成功地把我?guī)С隽撕诎档氖澜?，?dāng)然，盡管它的主題是嚴(yán)肅的，但它的智慧讓我大

受鼓舞。）可知，本段要介紹一本能夠激勵作者的書。A項“Catch-22hadmelaughing」《第二十二條軍規(guī)》

讓我笑了。）”符合語境。故選A。

【20題詳解】

上文"Iwon'ttakeabreakaltogetherfromreadingthemostrecentreleases.Ilovethesmellofnewbooksfreshfrom

Ihepr血ers."（我不會完全從閱讀最新版本中休息.我喜歡剛從印刷廠出來的新書的味道。）說道作者喜歡新

書的味道，結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段最后一句"Iamnowplanningtorereadthesortofbooksthatinspiredmeinmyown

writing."（我現(xiàn)在正計劃重讀那些啟發(fā)我寫作的書。）可推測此處應(yīng)該表轉(zhuǎn)折，表達(dá)“自己還是喜歡重讀舊

書G項"However,Ihave