chapter3-1運(yùn)輸發(fā)展與分類課件講解

物流專業(yè)英語江蘇海事職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院仲穎TransportManagementChapter3

Chapter3TransportManagementTheSnakesandLaddersGameTheSnakesandLaddersGameisaclassicboardgamewhichstudentscanusedicetomovecountersupladdersanddownsnakes.TheSnakesandLaddersGameGameRules1Thegamecanbeplayedby4ormoreplayers,tosimulatetheprocessofpassinganinterview.2EachplayerchoosesamarkerofadifferentcolorandplacesitontheSTARTsquare.3Eachplayerrollsadiceandmovestheirmarkerthegivennumberofsquares.4Ifaplayerlandsonaquestionsquare,theymustanswerthequestion.Answerswillbejudgedbytheotherplayerstobeagoodidea(correct)orabadidea(incorrect).Iftheothermembersofthegroupdisagree,theplayermustgobacktothelastsquare.5Iftheplayerlandsatthebottomofaladder,heorsheclimbsup.6Iftheplayerlandsonasnake'shead,heorsheslidesdown.7IftheplayerlandsonaSurpriseSquare,chooseacardfromtheSurprisepileanddoasitsays.IftheplayerrefusestofollowtheinstructionsontheSurprisecard,heorshemustloseaturn.8ThewinneristheonewhofirstreachesNo.50.TheSnakesandLaddersGameStartInterviewQuestionsCanyoutelluswhatarethehumans'firstformsoftransport?

Doyouthinkwhichkindmaterialwasthefirstwatercraftmadeof,woodormetal?

fixedinstallations,suchasrailwaystations.

What’sthedifferencebetweenairportandaircraft?

Interviewerswantyoutolistfourkindsofvehicles,suchasbus?

Canyoutellussomemodesoftransportation,Suchasraiway?

nyouropinion,what’sthedifferencesbetweenrailtransportandroadtransport?

Inyouropinion,what’sthedifferencesbetweenrailtransportandwatertransport?

Inyouropinion,what’sthedifferencesbetweenrailtransportandroadtransport?

Inyouropinion,what’sthedifferencesbetweenairtransportandroadtransport?

Inyouropinion,what’sthedifferencesbetweenrailtransportandairtransport?

Haveyoueverheardofpipelinetransport?Pleasegiveusanexample.

ouldyoupleasetellussomestrengthsandweaknessesofrailtransport?

Wouldyoupleasetellussomestrengthsandweaknessesofairtransport?

Wouldyoupleasetellussomestrengthsandweaknessesofwatertransport?

Wouldyoupleasetellussomestrengthsandweaknessesofroadtransport?SurpriseCardSurpriseCardPleasemovethreestepsforwardforyourexcellentperformance.

SurpriseCardPleasemovetwostepsforwardforyourgoodperformance.

SurpriseCardEnterthelastroundoftheinterview，gotoNo.42.

SurpriseCardPleasemovetwostepsbackforyourmistakesintheinterview.

SurpriseCardFailedtopassthewrittenexamination，pleasewaitfornextchance.

SurpriseCardPleasemovethreestepsbackforyourmistakesintheinterview.

SurpriseCard

SurpriseCard

TextAHistoryoftransport[1]Thefirstformsofroadtransportwerehorses,oxenorevenhumanscarryinggoodsoverdirttracksthatoftenfollowedgametrails.公路運(yùn)輸?shù)淖畛跣问绞邱R、牛、甚至人類帶貨走過的泥鋪道路，這種道路通常是沿著狩獵的蹤跡。1）dirttracks是dirttrack的復(fù)數(shù)形式，在本句中意指“泥鋪道路”。2）game在本句中，有“獵物的，野味的，野獸的；與狩獵有關(guān)的”之意。TextA[2]Thedevelopmentofthecombustionengineandtheautomobileattheturnintothe20thcentury,roadtransportbecamemoreviable,allowingtheintroductionofmechanicalprivatetransport.進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)之交，內(nèi)燃機(jī)和機(jī)動車的發(fā)展，允許私人運(yùn)輸設(shè)備的引進(jìn)，使公路運(yùn)輸變得更加可行。1）turninto在本句中指“進(jìn)入，走進(jìn)”。TextA[3]Internationalairtravelbecamemustmoreaccessibleinthe1960s,withthecommercializationofthejetengine.在60年代，隨著商業(yè)化飛機(jī)的引入，國際航空旅行變得更容易。InfrastructureVehiclesOperationsTextBTransportationElementsTextBTransportationElementsInfrastructureTextBTransportationElementsVehiclesTextBTransportationElementsOperationsForpublictransportandfreighttransport,operationsaredonethroughprivateenterpriseorbygovernments.Theinfrastructureandvehiclesmaybeownedandoperatedbythesamecompany,ortheymaybeoperatedbydifferententities.TextB[1]Itconsistsofthefixedinstallationsnecessaryfortransport,andmayberoads,railways,airways,waterways,canalsandpipelines,andterminalssuchasairports,railwaystations,busstations,warehouses,truckingterminals,refuelingdepots(includingfuelingdocksandfuelstations),andseaports.它包括必要的交通固定裝置，可以是公路，鐵路，航線，航道，運(yùn)河和管道，以及諸如機(jī)場，火車站，公共汽車站，倉庫，卡車貨運(yùn)站，加油站（包括加油碼頭和燃料站），和海港等站點。TextBTransportationElementsOperations[2]Unlessbeingpulledbyacableormuscle-power,thevehiclemustprovideitsownpropulsion;thisismostcommonlydonethroughasteamengine,combustionengine,electricmotor,ajetengineorarocket,thoughothermeansofpropulsionalsoexist.除非由電纜或力量的牽引下，交通工具必須提供自行推進(jìn)；最常見的是通過蒸汽機(jī)，內(nèi)燃機(jī)，電動機(jī)，噴氣發(fā)動機(jī)或火箭來推進(jìn)，但其他推進(jìn)工具也存在。TextCTransportModesTextCTransportModesTransportisperformedbymodes,suchasrail,road,water,air,pipeline,cableandspace.Eachmodehasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages,andwillbechosenforatriponthebasisofcost,capability,route,andspeed.TextCTransportModesRoadPublic/PrivateArtificial,sharedwayRailHeavy/Light/MetroArtificial,dedicatedwayAirNatural,sharedwayWaterCoastal/shortsea/DeepseaNatural,sharedwayInlandwaterNaturalorman-madesharedwayPipelinesArtificial,dedicatedwayTextCTransportModesModeStrengthsweaknessRoadflexibilityofbothlocationandtimespeedofdeliverysizeoftheloadisrestrictednotusedexclusivelybyoneformoftransportcongestioncanoccurRailcostadvantagesforhighvolumeorlongdistancehaulsHighaveragespeedssafetyrecordisexcellentwithbothpassengersandfreightleastaffectedbybadweathertheinherentinflexibilityofoperation,fixed(non-flexible)timeschedules.impossibletoadaptinfrastructuretomeetchallengesofthechangingpatternsofeconomicandsocialactivities.Airspee