新教材2022版英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)提升訓(xùn)練：UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE Part 1 Reading and Thinking

UNIT3FOODANDCULTURE

Part1ReadingandThinking

基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)練

I.單詞拼寫(xiě)

l.Asanabsolute（最低限度）,youshouldspendhalfanhourin

theeveningstudying.

2.Helen（把..切成薄片）thecake,givingeachoneashareat

thebirthdaypartytheotherday.

3.YaoChuhao（姚楚豪）,afamouschef,hasbeencreatingnew

（食譜）asthecountryseekstoboosttourismbypromotingits（菜

肴）.

4.PresidentXiJinpinghasproposedthe“clearyourplate“campaign,

aimedat（吃）foodnormally,andstoppingwastingfood.

【選詞填空

consistof;priorto;berelatedto;handinhand

l.It'sstudiedthatthehighcrimeratehigh

unemployment.

2.Thisterm,thechemistryclubfiveclassesofstudents.

3.1fapersonplacesmoneyanythingelse,it'sverylikely

thathecouldnotenjoythehappinessinlife.

4.Thetwochildrenareveryclose,andIoftenseethemwalking

aroundtheplaygroundafterclass.

HI.單句語(yǔ)法填空

l.Hishands(stuff)inhispocketswhilewanderingaroundthe

streetwithhisfriendslastnight.

2.(face)withadifficultsituation,hedecidedtoaskhisbossfor

advice.

3.NaughtyTomsatinhisseat,(listen)anxiouslytothe

teacher.

4.1nan(exception)case,astudentmightchangehismajorwhen

permittedbythepresidentofthecollege.

5.Notonlydidhefailtodeliverfarmproducetothetablesof

(consume),buthecouldn'tmakeendsmeetandhadtosurviveoninstant

noodlesforthreemonths.

W.完成句子

1.又濕又冷，他非常想溫暖一下自己。

,hewantedtowarmhimselfverymuch.

2.不是我們做多少事情而是我們對(duì)我們所做的事投入多少愛(ài)對(duì)我們

的工作最有益。

Itisnothowmuchwedobuthowmuchloveweputinto

thatbenefitsourworkmost.

3.老師確實(shí)告訴我被我兒子打破的玻璃已經(jīng)掃走了。

Theteachermethattheglass

hadbeensweptaway.

4.另一方面,學(xué)生外出去網(wǎng)吧通宵打游戲是嚴(yán)重的違紀(jì)行為。

,itisaseriousviolationofdisciplinefor

studentstogoouttoInternetcafestoplaygamesallnight.

V.課文語(yǔ)法填空

PriortocomingtoChina,myonlyexperiencewithChinesecooking

wasinAmerica,withChinesefoodthat1(change)tosuitAmerican

tastes.

Later,IhadachancetoexperienceauthenticChinesefoodby2

(come)toChina.ASichuanrestauranthadbeenrecommendedtomeand

myfamilybyafriend.3(tire),hungry,andnotknowingawordof

Chinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,4thechefjustbeganfilling

ourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.Withthis,wehadthe

pleasureofexperiencingan5(entire)newtaste:Sichuan

peppercoms.Thefoodwasverywonderfulanddifferent,but6was

moreimportantwasthefriendship7(offer)us.InnorthernXinjiang,

thetraditionalfoodsarewhatyoucancookover8open

fire—usuallyboiledorroastedmeat.

FromsouthtocentralChina,ineachplaceweexperienced

wonderfullocal9(dish),includingGuangdong'selegantdimsum

andHenan'sexceptionalstewednoodles.Everywhere,thefoodwas

varied,justsimilartothepeople.However,what'sthedeepestimpression

onmeisthatthroughfood,Chinesepeopleeverywhereshowfriendship

and10(kind).

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

能力提升練

I.閱讀理解

A

主題語(yǔ)境：人與自我一健康的生活方式語(yǔ)篇類型：應(yīng)用文建議用時(shí)：6:

(2021廣東深圳高二上月考，播)

Fast-foodchainsincludingBurgerKingandStarbuckshavebrought

inplant-basedmeatproductstoChinainanefforttopromotehealthy

eatingandprotecttheenvironment.Readerssharetheiropinions.

Linda(China)

Ijustdon'tgetit.Ifyouwantsomethingthattasteslikemeat,you'd

bettereatmeat.Plant-basedmeatishighlyprocessed.Itisnotashealthy

asvegetables.Itcontainsamountsofunhealthyfat,saltandartificial

additives.Regularexercise,alongwithawell-balanceddiet,isthebest

waytostayhealthy.

Terryfoy(theUK)

Thehumanbodywasnotdesignedforusonlytoeatvegetables.We

aredesignedtoeatmeat.Theproteinthatourbodymusthavetosurvive

comesfromthemeatweeat.Thebodyfunctionsproperlywiththe

correctbalancebetweenmeatandvegetables.Toomuchmeatandweget

fat;toolittlemeatandwegetskinnyandweak.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,

youmusteatabalanceddietofbothmeatandvegetables.

Taikor(Malaysia)

Startwithahugecutdownonmeat.Regardingpigs,doyouknow

theycouldoutsmartyouonPlayStationgames?Don'tbesurprised.

They'remuchsmarterthandogs.Sotheyarebetteratvideogamesthan

someprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物).Pigsareextremelycleveranimals.They're

gentle,defenselesscreatures.Startdoingitnow.It'stimewemadea

change.

Sockmonkey(Singapore)

Icouldneverbeavegetarian.Ieatverylittlemeat,butIdolovethe

meatIeat!Ifonehastocutdownonmeat,itseemsthatredmeatisthe

firstthingtobeminimizedsinceit'snotasgoodforyouasothertypes.

l.WhatdoesLindathinkofplant-basedmeat?

A.Unhealthy.

B.Necessary.

C.Delicious.

D.Well-balanced.

2.Whosuggeststhathumanshavelessmeat?

A.LindaandTaikor.

B.LindaandTerryfoy.

C.TaikorandSockmonkey.

D.TerryfoyandSockmonkey.

3.What'sthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tointroducetheharmofeatingtoomuchmeat.

B.Toshowusdifferentopinionsabouteatingmeat.

C.Toinformusoftheadvantagesofabalanceddiet.

D.Tostatethenecessityofprotectingtheenvironment.

B

主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)一文化習(xí)俗語(yǔ)篇類型：說(shuō)明文建議用時(shí)：7'

（2020山東師大附中高二上第一次月考,"〈）

TheUSfoodauthorM.F.K.Fisheroncewroteabouthumans,“First

weeat,andthenwedoeverythingelse.^^

ThisiswhyeachyearwecelebrateWorldFoodDay,whichfallson

Oct.16.Butregardlessoftheimportanceoffoodaroundtheworld,food

culturesoftendiffergreatlyfromcountrytocountry.Forexample,things

likechickenfeet,duckheads,andpigbrainsarecommonlyeateninAsia.

IfyouaskedmostWesternerstotryoneofthesethings,though,thevery

thoughtofitwouldprobablybeenoughtomakethemgiveupmeat

altogether.

Atthesametime,however,themajorityofpeopleinWestern

nationsregardthemselvesasmeateaters.So,whatcouldbethereason

behindthisdoublestandard?

Thereareanumberofpossibleanswerstothatquestion,yetone

majorreasoncouldlieinrecentculturalchanges.Duringthemid-20th

centuryandtheyearsfollowingit,eatingmostpartsofananimalwas

commoninmanyWesterncountriessuchastheUK-perhapsowingto

rationing（定量配給政策）asaresultofWorldWar11（1939—1945）.

Butlater,duringthe1960sand1970s,followingtheintroductionof

highwaysintheUSandtheUK,thepopularityofsupermarketsinthose

countriesincreased,wroteFrancescoBurnett,authorofCulturalHistory

ofMeat'.1900—ThePresent.

Thankstothepopularityandconvenienceofsupermarketswhich

tendednottosellanimalpartssuchastheheadsorlimbs（四肢）,the

public'sattitudetomeatsoonshifted."The'animal'gradually

disappearedfrommeat,andpeople'signoranceaboutwhatanimalthe

meattheyatecamefromincreased,Burnettadded.

Asaresult,it'sbelievedthatmanyWesternculturesslowlybeganto

viewmeatassimplyafoodproduct,ratherthansomethingthatcame

fromananimal.

However,thistheorymaygoevenfurtherbackifwelookatthe

wordstheEnglishlanguageusestodescribemeat.<4Wetde-animalize,

certainfoodsthatweeatbygivingthemdifferentnames,“HalHerzog,

authorofSomeWeLove,SomeWeHate,SomeWeEat:WhyIt'sSoHard

toThinkStraightAboutAnimals,toldtheonlinemagazineGrist.€'We

don'tsayit'sthecookedpig;wesayit'spork.Andwedon'tsaythe

hamburgerismadeofthecow;wesayit'smadeofbeef.^^

Soitseemsthatthere'snotonesimpleanswertothisquestion.When

itcomestoeatingmeat,however,perhapsweshouldsimplyjustenjoy

thetaste.

4.Themainpurposeofthefirstthreeparagraphsisto.

A.introducevariousfoodcultures

B.stressWesterners'loveforfood

C.showdifferencesinChineseandWesternfoodcultures

D.drawattentiontoWesterners'ttde-animalized^^meat

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignorance“meaninParagraph6?

A.Blindness.

B.Fear.

C.Misunderstanding.

D.Challenge.

6.Whatchangedpeople'sattitudestowardmeatinthe1960sand1970s?

A.Thewordsusedtodescribemeat.

B.Theriseofsupermarkets.

C.Theneedforahealthierlifestyle.

D.Theintroductionofhighways.

n.七選五

主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)一文化淵源語(yǔ)篇類型：說(shuō)明文建議用時(shí)：8

iJ

（2021遼寧省聯(lián)合校高二上月考,站，）

Knownlocallyassakura,thecherryblossomsinJapanarepopular

withbothlocalsandtourists.FortheJapanese,sakuraholdmuchcultural

andhistoricalsignificancethatgoesdeeperthantheirobviousbeauty._

]

Sakuraareusuallyonlyinfullbloom（盛開(kāi)）foraboutoneweek.2

Theflowersaresosmallandroundthatwhentheyeventuallystarttofall,

it'salmostlikesnowfallingfromthesky.

Thespecifictimeofthecherryblossomseasonvariesfromregionto

regioneachyear.Luckily,theJapanMeteorologicalAgency（日本氣象廳）

hasdoneallthework.Eachyearitpostsforecastsofwhentheblooming

willbeginineachregion.3Theyalsodependheavilyon

temperaturepatterns.

4Thereareanumberofcelebrations,soyou'relikelytofinda

hanamipartywhereveryougo.Whatmakesupahanamiparty,besides

sakuraviewing,iseatinganddrinking.Groupsofpeoplewillsetupcamp

inaparkandhaveapicnicunderthetrees.Somebringhome-cooked

meals,somehavecuisineonthegoandothersbuypre-preparedfood,

suchashamandsausage.5

A.It'seasytoplanyourtriparoundthesakura.

B.Mostpeoplebringbeerorotherdrinkstomarktheoccasion.

C.Manypeopleholdflower-watchingpartiesknownashanami.

D.Thepredictionsaren'tjustlookingattheweathermonthsinadvance.

E.TheJMAwillreleaseupdatedforecastswiththenewestinformation.

F.Thepinkflowershaveinspiredpoets,artistsandsoldiersforcenturies.

G.Ifyoumanagetocatchthetailendoftheblooming,you'llseethe

beautifulevent.

1.2.3.4.5.

答案全解全析

UNIT3FOODANDCULTURE

Part1ReadingandThinking

基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)練

I.1.minimum2,sliced3.recipes;cuisine4.consuming

II.l.isrelatedto2.consistsof3.priorto4.handinhand

III.1.werestuffed考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:他昨晚和朋友在街

上閑逛時(shí)雙手插在口袋里。此處stuff作動(dòng)詞，意為“把……塞進(jìn)”，與主

語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且陳述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)

語(yǔ)態(tài)。

2.Faced考查過(guò)去分詞。句意:面對(duì)困難的情況,他決定向老板征求意

見(jiàn)。befacedwith意思為“面臨，面對(duì)“，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，故填

過(guò)去分詞Faced,構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。

易錯(cuò)分析

本題容易用現(xiàn)在分詞facing,容易忽略后面的with,從中文思維理

解，認(rèn)為“某人”與“面臨”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系而出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。“人+face+物，表

示“某人面對(duì)/面臨某物”;“人+befacedwith+物”也表示“某人面對(duì)/面臨

某物”。

3.1istening考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：調(diào)皮的湯姆坐在座位上，焦慮地聽(tīng)

著老師講課。listen與句子的主語(yǔ)Tom之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且伴隨前面的

sat這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。

4.exceptional考查形容詞。句意:在特殊情況下，經(jīng)學(xué)院院長(zhǎng)允許，學(xué)生

可能轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)。case是名詞，所以前面應(yīng)該用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。an

exceptionalcase特殊情況。

5.consumers考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換及名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:他不僅沒(méi)能把農(nóng)產(chǎn)

品送到消費(fèi)者的餐桌上,而且入不敷出，不得不靠方便面維持了三個(gè)月

的生活。設(shè)空處作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，且前面沒(méi)有限定詞，泛指“消費(fèi)者”，

應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。

IV.1.Wetandcold2.whatwedo3.didtell;brokenbymyson

4.Ontheotherhand

V.l.hadbeenchanged考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:在來(lái)中國(guó)之前,

我對(duì)中國(guó)菜的唯一體驗(yàn)是在美國(guó),那里的中國(guó)食物已經(jīng)被改變了以適

應(yīng)美國(guó)人的口味。Chinesefood與change之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意

可知此空表示的動(dòng)作應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在來(lái)中國(guó)之前,因此用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

2.c-o/ming考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:后來(lái)，通過(guò)來(lái)中國(guó)我有機(jī)會(huì)體驗(yàn)了正宗

的中國(guó)食物。bydoingsth.通過(guò)做某事。

3.Tired考查形容詞。句意:又累又餓，一個(gè)漢字也不認(rèn)識(shí)，我們不知道

怎么點(diǎn)菜……。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作狀語(yǔ)。

4.so考查連詞。句意:又累又餓，一個(gè)漢字也不認(rèn)識(shí)，我們不知道怎么

點(diǎn)菜，于是廚師就開(kāi)始在我們桌上擺滿食物，那是我們吃過(guò)的最可口的

飯菜。根據(jù)句意,可以判斷出上下文之間為因果關(guān)系，空前的部分是因,

空后的部分是果，故用so連接。

5.entirely考查副詞。此處指我們有幸體驗(yàn)了一種全新的味道。注意

此空修飾的是new,所以用副詞。

6.what考查名詞性從句。句意:食物很美味、很不同，但更重要的是

給予我們的友誼。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，同時(shí)作從句的主語(yǔ)，意為“……

的事物”，故填whato

7.offered考查過(guò)去分詞。friendship與offer之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)

去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的名詞friendship。

8.an考查冠詞。此處指?jìng)鹘y(tǒng)食物就是你可以在一堆明火上烹飪的東

西。此處表示泛指,open以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故填an。

9.dishes考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。此處指在每個(gè)地方我們都品嘗了當(dāng)?shù)氐?/p>

美食。dish為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示的是復(fù)數(shù)含義，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。

lO.kindness考查名詞。此處指通過(guò)食物,各地的中國(guó)人都表現(xiàn)出友誼

和善良。由空格前的and及friendship可以判斷，此處應(yīng)該用名詞。

能力提升練

I.A

◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要就連鎖快餐店引進(jìn)植物性

肉制品問(wèn)題展示了來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的四個(gè)人的不同觀點(diǎn)。

1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Linda的觀點(diǎn)的第四句"Itisnotas

healthyasvegetables.”可知,Linda認(rèn)為植物性肉制品不如蔬菜健康。故

選Ao

2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句"Startwithahugecutdownon

meat.”及接下來(lái)提到豬是很聰明的動(dòng)物可知,Taikor建議人們少吃豬

肉;根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Ifonehastocutdownonmeat,itseemsthat

redmeatisthefirstthingtobeminimizedsinceit'snotasgoodforyouas

othertypes.”可知,Sockmonkey建議人們少吃紅肉。即這兩個(gè)人建議人

們少吃肉，故選C。（注:redmeat指生時(shí)呈紅色的肉類，如豬肉、牛肉、

羊肉。）

3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要就連鎖快餐店引進(jìn)

植物性肉制品問(wèn)題展示了一些人的觀點(diǎn),所以本文的目的是向我們展

示關(guān)于吃肉的不同觀點(diǎn)。故選B。A項(xiàng)”為了介紹吃太多肉的危害”，

雖然在Terryfoy的觀點(diǎn)中提到,Toomuchmeatandwegetfat,但它僅是

一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，不是整篇文章的目的;C項(xiàng)“為了告訴我們均衡飲食的好處”,

這也是作為其中某些人的觀點(diǎn)在第二、三段中提到，但其他段沒(méi)有涉

及，也不是整篇文章的目的;D項(xiàng)“為了說(shuō)明保護(hù)環(huán)境的必要性”在第一

段中提到,它是引進(jìn)植物性肉制品的一個(gè)原因，但不是這篇文章的主要

目的。

【高頻詞匯】1.bringin引進(jìn)2.inanefforttodosth.為了做某事

3.promote上促進(jìn);推動(dòng)4.process上加工;處理;審閱，審核〃.過(guò)程;進(jìn)程

5.alongwith和...——起6.regardingprep.至于;關(guān)于7.cutdownon

削減，縮小（尺寸、數(shù)量或數(shù)目）

長(zhǎng)難句分析

原句Ifonehastocutdownonmeat,itseemsthatredmeatisthefirst

thingtobeminimizedsinceit'snotasgoodforyouasothertypes.

分析從屬連詞If引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是

that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，不定式短語(yǔ)tobeminimized作定語(yǔ)修飾thefirst

thing;連詞since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

句意如果一個(gè)人必須減少吃肉的話，似乎紅肉是第一件要最大限度

減少的東西，因?yàn)樗幌衿渌N類的肉那樣對(duì)你有好處。

B

◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。大多數(shù)西方人不吃雞爪、鴨頭之類

的東西，然而，與此同時(shí),西方國(guó)家的大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為自己是肉食者。文章

分析了這種雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)背后的原因。

4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butregardlessoftheimportanceof

foodaroundtheworld,foodculturesoftendiffergreatlyfromcountryto

country.”可知,不同國(guó)家的食物文化有很大的差異，所以前三段的目的

是介紹不同的飲食文化，故選A。B項(xiàng)提到西方人對(duì)食物的喜愛(ài)，而前

三段主要探究食物文化的差異;文章的前三段并沒(méi)有把中國(guó)的食物文

化和西方的食物文化拿來(lái)做對(duì)比，對(duì)比對(duì)象發(fā)生了偏差,故排除C項(xiàng);D

項(xiàng)提到將注意力吸引到西方人的“去動(dòng)物化”的肉類，顯然也不是前三

段的目的。

5.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第六段中的“The匕nimal'graduallydisappeared

frommeat”,再根據(jù)第七段“Asaresult,it'sbelievedthatmanyWestern

culturesslowlybegantoviewmeatassimplyafoodproduct,ratherthan

somethingthatcamefromananimal.“可知,許多西方文化慢慢地開(kāi)始將

肉類僅僅視為一種食品，而不是來(lái)自動(dòng)物的東西,也就是人們對(duì)肉的來(lái)

源并不了解?！癷gnorance”與"blindness”意思接近在此處意為“不了解”,

故選AoB項(xiàng)“恐懼;害怕”;C項(xiàng)“誤解”;D項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)”。

6.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“duringthe1960sand1970s,

followingtheintroductionofhighwaysintheUSandtheUK,the

popularityofsupermarketsinthosecountriesincreased”可矢口，在20世紀(jì)

60年代和20世紀(jì)70年代，隨著公路在美國(guó)和英國(guó)的引入，超市在這些

國(guó)家普及開(kāi)來(lái)，以及第六段中的“Thankstothepopularityand

convenienceofsupermarketswhichtendednottosellanimalpartssuch

astheheadsorlimbs（四肢）,thepublic'sattitudetomeatsoonshifted.“可

知,由于很少售賣像頭、四肢這樣的動(dòng)物部位的超市的普及和便利，公

眾對(duì)于肉的態(tài)度很快發(fā)生了變化。所以是超市的興起改變了人們對(duì)肉

的態(tài)度。故選B。A項(xiàng)“用來(lái)描述肉的詞匯”;C項(xiàng)“對(duì)更健康的生活方

式的需求”；D項(xiàng)”公路的引進(jìn)”。本題容易誤選D,學(xué)生們沒(méi)有弄明白人

們對(duì)肉的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變是什么造成的，錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)為是因?yàn)楣返囊M(jìn)。公路

的引進(jìn)造成的結(jié)果是超市的普及,而超市的普及造成人們對(duì)肉的態(tài)度

的改變，這是直接原因。

【高頻詞匯】l.majority〃.大多數(shù)2.popularity流行;普及

3.shift認(rèn)變換;移動(dòng);轉(zhuǎn)移4.tendto傾向于5.graduallyadv.逐漸地

6.bemadeof由...制成

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