說明文英語作文范文

說明文英語作文范文第1篇說明文英語作文范文第1篇Summerreadingbook

Iread“cry”,isread“KongYiafew”.Althoughpreviouslyreadthisarticle,butin“thescream”tocreatetheatmosphereof,thesadandridiculousKongYifewasifwasaddedtothemanytragiccolor.

TalkingaboutKongYi,IthinkofChina'seducation.AttheendofQingDynasty,somepeoplereadthe“heavyemperorKennedy,thenameofErCao.WanbanareXiapin,onlyhighschool,”“childprodigypoetry,revealsa”Scholar“glorious;somepeoplereadis”chaos,muddycoagulationand“of”youngschoolQiongLin“,toteachtheancientcliche.Theseso-called”textbook“,Ireallydonotknowhowmanytimeschange.

Anditissaidtoreducetheburdenonstudents,thereasonwhysaid,itissaid,itisbecauseitdoesnotseemtoaffectme.Buttoeatlunch,brother,sister,whoseemstobebenefited,justunderstandthatthejuniorhighschoolstudentsisbeyondthestudentcategory.Atthispoint,onceagain,afewofthearguments:”readingabookaboutpeople......“Actuallyrelievedalotof.

Afterdinner,whichasked:”thisyearsummervacationhomework?“Istoodupandlookedattheunfinishedwork,shakinghishead,said:”notmuchless!Enough?Notmuchalso.“

Todayisthenumber11,afewdaystogotoschoolclasses.ThisafternoonIfromtheneighborhoodkidswithafewhandsbackalollipopnovel”athing“.Inthenovelthe”I“forthefirsttimeseethedriver,thenoblequalitiesofacommonlaborer,intheheartalthoughisinseriousconsiderationandreflection.However,whenthepolicecame.”Ihadtocatchahandfulofcoppergavehim.“Ihavefoundthattheirsmall,canputyourselfinthepositiontojudge?Thedriver'sbehaviorandwhethertheycanusethemoneytoweigh?Moreover,onecansolvetheproblemofcopper,washawayhismistake?Naturecan't,and”I“can'tanswermyself”.

Loveofmoneyoftenbelieveinmoneyhoweveristhe“Godofwealth”in“thelegendoftheGodofwealth”insay:“hardworkandhonestyisnotmoneycanbuyof.”Thosewhothinkthatmoneyiseverything,everythingintermsofmoneyalwaysclaimtobeawiseman,Mr.LuXunsaid:“worldbutbyAprilFool'scause,smartpeoplewillnotsupportworld...”Advisethosewholistento“Godofwealth”!

Reading,notonlyeichtheknowledge,butalsotomakepeopleunderstandthephilosophyoflife.

TheFarm

Listentootherstosay,inthehappyfarmvegetablesisfun,Iwanttogothereonapieceoflandtogrowvegetables.

Saturday,mymotherhelpedmetoapplyforaQQnumber,openeditsownfarm.Juststarted,I'mjusta0.

School,mymothersaidtome:“youhavetotakecareofthefarmtogiveyou,youcanonlyplayonceonSaturday.”Isaid,“okay.”.“

OnSaturday,aftermymother'sapproval,Ienteredmyfarm,IsawthatIhadbeenraisedtolevel3,andthereweremorethan5000goldcoins.Evenmoredelightfulisthatmygeography”food“hasmatured.Istretchedoutmyhand,”keyremoval“soonafterpicking”food.“.

Atthistime,Iclicknexttothe”QQfriends“”.Friends“boards”and“papaya”mature,ayellow,verylovely,I'dstealsome.Atthistime,Ifoundasignonthesideofthe“l(fā)aborisglorious,stealingshame”.Itsuddenlydawnedonmethatitwaswrongtostealotherpeople'sthings.Butthestolenpapayahadenteredthe“warehouse”,Ican'tgetitout.Howtodo?Letmedosomethingforher.Ipickeduptheherbicidetohelpherweed,butalsousedpesticidestohelpherkillthe“dish”leavesonthepests.

Afterallthesethings,Iwentbacktomyfarm.Pickuptheshoveltoshoveldirt,andthengotothestoretobuyseeds.“Store”oftheseedlot,withradishseeds,potatoseeds,andwatermelonseeds.Iboughtaradishseedplantedintheground,andthenpouredsomewater,andsoontomorrow,theflowering.

Tellyou,becauseeverySaturdaytoadheretothe“farm”hardwork,Ihavenowrisento17.

IntheQQfarmvegetables,“thefarm”letmeknow,“Yifengengyun,aharvest,wealthtoownhardworktocreate,stealotherpeople'sthingsareshameful.

Catchshrimp

Todaymorning,shrimp,momandDadtookmetotheparkandcousinboulderingstreamcatch.

Thewaterinthestreamiscrystalclear,andthestripesofthepebblesinthewaterareclearlyvisible.Wetakeoffourshoesandsocks,rolleduptrouserlegs,standingontheshore,withbigeyes,carefullystartedlookingforshrimp.Suddenly,myfathersaidtousexcitedly:”comeon,hereareafewshrimp!“Weranpast,thedaddyfingerdirection,hesawafewlittleshrimpisleisurelyplay.Theirwholebodytransparent,withthewaterinthepebblesintoone,ifnotcarefullylook,reallycannotseethem!

Seeshrimpintheriver,bothofusinhighspiritsandtiptoeddownthewater,arealreadyreadytocomeupwiththenet,quietlystretchinthepast,andwasnotnear,clevershrimpseemtobeawareof,afootpedal,quicklyslipaway.Istartedlookingagain,andsawafewshrimpisbyrestingonastone,Iputthenetworkquietlystretchinthepast,theyswamtoanotherpieceofstoneup.Iputthenetworkquietlystretchinthepast,”crafty“shrimpswamtoanotherpieceofstoneup,asifinandwehideandseeklikeof.Fishingforalongtime,myfatherhasbeenfishingformorethanadozenshrimp,andmycousinhasnothing.Weissomeimpatient,respectivelytookaplasticbaginthewaterdoesnotstopfishing,fishing,shrimpsarewestirdisoriented,a

fewshrimpscorealuckyhitintoour”captured“.

Wecarryour”booty“home.

Avatar

Tonight,myfatherandIarewatchingsciencefictionmovies,”Afanda“,Iasked:”whatisAfanda?“Dadsaid:”lookatyourself.“.”IlookedandknowthatthestorytookplaceontheplanetPandora,anavatarisadmixtureofhumangenesandthealiengenes,avatarwithlongtailandtail,earslikeamouse,headisevenhigherthanYaoMing,butthoughtbyhumanscientistscontrol.TherearemanystrangeplantsandanimalplanetPandora,therearetoweringtrees,intheairsuspensionofthemountain.Ananimalhas6legs,ahorse,adog,awolf,arhino,atiger,ahorse'snoseislikeashark'sgills,andalizard,youtouchit.It'slikeanightofspinningfireworks!Themostpowerfulisthedragon,flyfreelyintheNa'viridingadragonPandoraplanet.Therearealsoavarietyofplants,theyhaveacommonpointintheeveningwillbeissuedabeautifulfluorescent,asbeautifulastheunderwaterworld!Oneofthemlookslikearevolvingstair,youtouchitanditgetssmaller.Whatabeautifulplanet!Butmerchantsoftheearthinordertoore,thedestructionoftheNa'vibeautifulhome,thelastavatarridingadragonledtheNa'viseethemoutoftheplanetPandora.BeautifulandmagicalplaceofPandoraIdreamtogo!

Aspeciallunch

Rememberthattime,Ihadaspeciallunch,lunchspecialincense,particularlysweet,itismyfirsttimetoeatsospeciallunch......

Becausemymotherwasbusythatday,giveme5yuantobuyrice.Noonisover,soIamgoingtotakethemoneytobuyamealtoeat.Ifeelmypockets!Mymoneywasgone,Iwentto!Lookingforalongtimestillcannotfind,hey!Canonlyhungrybelly.Justaclassmatetobuyriceup,sheasked:“ah,youdon'teat?”Ireluctantlyreplied:“howtoeatthemoney?”Shelistenedatonce,“saidoneofus.”Iamveryannoyedtoanswer:“youeatityourself,I'mnothungry.”!“Infact,mystomachwasalreadygrowling,sherepeatedrequests,Ionlylaughhappilysaid:”I?Haveabedwiththisconvexlocustplay?

Shegavemehalfofmylunch.Ifeltashamed.Thelasttimeshehadasmalltest,herpenwasbroken.Sheaskedanxiously,whohadtwopenstolendherone,andIthought,“well,Ithink.”!Idon'tgiveyoutwo,butyoudon'tknowthatIhavetwopens.Shejustgotafailed,Iregretteddoing.

Afterlunch,Ithinktherewasasour,thetasteisfullofregretinmyheart.

Iunderstand:weneedtohelpeachother,solidarityandlove,sothatwecanfeelthewarmthofclasscollective!

Extraction

“Oh,whatthehellisinthemess?Oh,oh,mom,helpme!Ithurts.”Iwhileclutchinghismouth,screamingandshouting,momheardrushtoseeIwuzhuozui,strangeaskedme:“YeXian.What'sthematter?What'shappening?”“Mom,myteethache,canyouhelpmelookatmyteethintheendishow,okay?”Ienduredthepain,sourtomothersaid,shetouchedmyhead,softlytomesaid:“Oh,well,letmesee.”Motherpattedmeonthehead“openmymouth,soletmesee.”Itrytoopenmouth,mymotherfoundtheashakingofthedeciduousteeth,gentlytouchedyourtooth,ah,painextremely,Icameneartothemother'sfingertobitethemothersmiled,said:“ateeth'sreadytofall,extractionmustbe,tomorrowI'lltakeyoutothetooth.”Ah,pull,toothextraction.“Iwastakenabackbythesaidmothertiltedhishead,tomesaid:”yes,extraction,yourteethnowcalleddeciduousteeth,itmustbepulledlooseteeth,inordertogrowamothernewstrongteeth“momsaid,pointingtotheedgeofherteeth.

Seconddaysearlyinthemorning,mymothertookmetothedentalclinicwheretotoothextraction,thedoorintotheclinic,Ismellathicksmellofalcohol,quicklycoverthenose.Cabinetpliers,anestheticsandsoonextractiontoolsvariedlyingthere,Ifrightened,Isawsittingnexttomylittlefriends,theyarenotcryingandyellingtotheauntarmsdrill,Isawthisscene,couldnothelpbutfearthatup,handsandfeetsoft,teethnotstopbitinghislips,handstomymotherheldmorefirmly,motheralsodon'tknowhowtocomfortme,onlyknowthatcallmedon'tbeafraid.

It'smyturn,thedentisttookplierscomingtowardsme,IseethebigpliersIwasscaredasifsuchaswhatisabouttogetatasteofcraboftheclampsthetasteof,thedentistcame,sawmesopanic,squatcomfortme:”littlefriends,donotbeafraid,actuallyalittlebitextractionwerenothurt,becauseIhadputtheplierswasstainedwithanesthetics,however,aslongasyouhavealittlecourage,wewillbeabletoovercomeallthedifficulties,:wouldyouliketotryit?“Don'tknowisdentistsencouragedorluckygoddessgavemegreatcourage,Iwalktocomeforwardto,openedhismouth,tothedoctorextraction.Thedoctor,forallofussaid:”yousee,thelittlegirlhowbrave!Theotherkidslikethesister,sobrave,don'tcry.“Pulloutteeth,otherchildrenwiththeenvyoftheeyeslookatme,mademestrange.

Yes,aslongaswearebrave,whatcanrun,forexample:learning,difficulties,don'tbecausesolittlefrustrationwashewasterrified,whatcanblockourtothegrowthoftheroad?Whatcanruinourgoodtime?Believeme,aslongasthebrave,theworlddidnothavetogototheFlamingMountains.

Thepeople'sPark

Today,Iwenttothepeople'sparkwithmyfatherandmymother.Oneintothepark,thefirsttoseeisthewheelofthewheel,inmyimpression,thewheelisafastturnofthegame.Today,however,IwasinNanningpeople'sParktodothewheelisturningthewheelisveryslow,

MymotherandIareaFerriswheel,tightlyseizethenextcanhelpthings,goingtogoingtothehighestpoint,mymotherandIthoughtlikearollercoasterliketoturnover,headtowardstheground,sofirmlyholdsthesupportrod,heartpounding.Infact,thiswheelisnotonlyslow,but

alsonotfast,donotcomeback.Inthisway,althoughnotenoughtostimulate,butcanletmeenjoyfromthe”day“tothelandscapeofNanning.Isawtheoldarea,theoldhousewithafewtallbuildings,itisveryawkward.Beforeweknewit,wereturnedtothebottomandshrugged.

Then,wewentboating,rentedaboat,wewentonaboat,Iamhappytosay:”Icametobethedriver!“Wefirstthroughaholeinthebridge,Isuccessfullyopenedinthepast,momanddadsaidI'mgood,myheartsinklikeahoney,sweet.Then,wehaveturnedtheabigbend,backtothehole,Iputthesteeringwheelleftnet,heehee,hullwasIputstraight,Irelyontechnologysmoothlyacrosstheawiththehullisaboutthesizeofasmallhole,andIlookedbehindalook,wow,aasmallboy,drovetheship,alsostumbled.JustasIwaslaughingwhenmomanddadfrombehindmyboast:”goodgood,passtheexam.“ListentothepraiseofmomandDad,myheart.Undertheboat,Ijustrecallthefunandshortsailingfun,cannothelpbutthinkitisaveryinterestingthing.

People'sParkissofun,astrollisnotfun,comeagainnexttime!

Butterflyandbutterfly

Onceuponatimetherewasaflowerbutterfly,herwingsarecolorful,inthelightofthesun,itisverybright.

Thereisawhitebutterfly,hisbodyiswhite,likeagentleman.

Theyaregoodfriends,everyday.Butonedayanewsbrokethequietlife,flowerbutterflywasbrokenbythehumanwings,cannotfly...Forthebutterfly,thisishowcruel,thewingsareequaltotheireverything......

Flowerbutterflysaid,goodpain......Sopainful

Whitebutterflysaid,fromnowon,weneverabandon!

Overthenextthreemonths,thewhitebutterflytakescareofthebutterfly,meticulously.Whitebutterflyisafraidtospendbutterflyapersonathomehungry,cannoteatanything,sostayupallnighttodoasmallwheelchairfortheflowers.Thisputitoutofhim,butheisnotafraid,sillysmile...Inordertolettheflowerbutterflyisnotfurnituresharpstab,whitebutterflydeliberatelyputallthefurnitureintotheround...

Butterflybigeyesblinked,”rinse^v^tearsstreamingdown.

Onedayafterthreemonths.

Flowerbutterflywingsincrediblymiracle,eventhedoctorshavealwaysbeencooltosaythatthisisamiracle!Thesideofthewhitebutterflysmiled.Hewassotired,buthemanagedtogetbackinreturn...Heknowsthatthisisthreemonths,hewilltakecareofthebutterflywingsokay.

說明文英語作文范文第2篇Asweknow,ourcountrysufferedheavyiceearly.Everythingwascoveredwithfreezingrain.Guizhou,HunanandSichuansufferedthemost.Itcausedthebuses,trainsandplanesstopservice.Thedisasterdestroyedpowerfacilities,cuttingpowersuppliesinmanyareas.Asaresult,hugeeconomiclosswascaused.Manypeoplecouldnotworkandlivenormally.Therewasnofood,waterorlightinsomeplaces.Ourgovernmentcalledonpeopletofightagainstheavysnow.Asastudent,Ithinkweshouldlearnfromthoseheroes.Wemuststudyhardatschool.Weshouldlearnallkindsofknowledgetomakeourmotherlandstronger,betterandricher.

翻譯：正如我們所知，我們的國家在初遭受了嚴(yán)重的冰雪災(zāi)害。一切都被凍雨覆蓋著。貴州、湖南和四川受災(zāi)最嚴(yán)重。它導(dǎo)致公共汽車、火車和飛機停止服務(wù)。這場災(zāi)難摧毀了電力設(shè)施，切斷了許多地區(qū)的電力供應(yīng)。結(jié)果造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟損失。許多人不能正常工作和生活。有些地方?jīng)]有食物、水和陽光。我們的政府號召人民與大雪作斗爭。作為一名學(xué)生，我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該向那些英雄學(xué)習(xí)。我們必須在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)各種知識，使我們的祖國更強大，更好，更富有。

說明文英語作文范文第3篇關(guān)于英語說明文寫作方法

1.比較對照

比較對照有兩種，一是逐點比較，二是整塊比較，即AB交錯或先A后B：

1)逐點比較：多數(shù)人認(rèn)為這種AB交錯的方式可以避免行文的單調(diào)沉悶，對比的效果更鮮明突出。如：

Therearebasicdifferencesbetweenlargeandsmallenterprises.Inasmallenterprise,youoperatedmainlythroughpersonalcontacts.Inalargeenterprise,youhaveestablished“policies”,“channels”oforganization,andfairlystrictprocedure.Inthesmallenterpriseyouhaveimmediateeffectivenessinaverysmallarea.Youcanseetheeffectofyourworkandofyourdecisionsground.Inthelargeorganizationyouarenormallytaughtonethingthoroughly.InthesmallonethedangerisofbecomingaJack-of-all-trades-but-master-of-none.Inthelargeitisofbecomingthemanwhoknowsmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.

2)整塊比較

Itiseasytobeawinner.Awinnercanshowhisjoypublicly.Hecanlaughandsinganddanceandcelebratehisvictory.Peoplelovetobewithwinners.Winnersareneverlonely.Unlikewinners,losersarethelonelyonesoftheworld.Itisdifficulttofacedefeatwithdignity.Loserscannotshowtheirdisappointmentpublicly.Theycannotcryorgrieveabouttheirdefeat.Theymaysufferprivately,buttheymustbecomposedinpublic.Theyhavenothingtocelebrateandnoonetosharetheirsadness.

2.分類

分類段落的各類排列要條理，可采用從主要到次要，從次要到主要，從多到少或從少到多等方式排列，亦可平行排列。如：

1)Asfaraspoliticalviewsareconcerned,peoplefallintothreecategories.Firstaretheconservativepeople.Conservativesareopposedtosuddenorgreatchanges.Secondaretheliberalpeopleareinfavorofprogressandreform.Buttheiropinionsoftenseemtoidealistic.Thethirdtypeisthemoderatepeople.Themoderateskeepeverythingwithinreasonablelimits.Theyaremorepracticalinthishardworld.Inmyopinion,mostpeopleseemtobelongtothisgroup.

說明文英語作文范文第4篇Whichonedoyouprefer,tosolveproblemsonyourownexperienceandknowledge,ortoaskothersforadvice?

Asknowledgeandexperienceserveastwimtowersinproblem-solving,oneisoftenpresentedwithtwomajorpathsthatpavethewayforfinalfulfillment,eitthertowrackhisbrain,justlikewhathappenedtoNeuton,siitingformanyyearsunderanappletreeandeventuallyfiguringoutondofthegreatestuniversalrulesthatgovernthewholeglobe,ortoseekforothers’widsomthroughtheiradvice,justasinthecaseofBenjininFranklin,gatheringgreatmindsunderoneroofandthenestablishingamostworld-renownlibray.Bothwayswork.Whenapracticalgoalisinvolved,however,BenjiminFranklinmaybestberegarededasarolemodelinthisrespectandaskingpeopleforadviceoftenturnouttobetheprimealternative.Experienceandknowledgeborrowedorlearnedfromothers’advicecontributegreatlytoeffectivenessandeffeciencyforagoal-accomplishment.Notallexperienceandknowledgerelatedtoproblem-solvingcanbeobtainedbypersonaleffortaloneduetolimitationsofmindandcapabilitiesofeachindividual.Asinglethoughtinsomeone’smindis,moreoftenthannot,farlessshiningcomparedwithgroup’swisdom.Thatexplainsthefamousoldsayingthatoneseesfurtherwhenstandingupontheshoulders’ofpastgreatgiants;thatexplainswhyagreatleaderisalwayswithgreaterminds;thatalsoexplainswhyteamworkincorperationishighlyemphasizedinthe21stcentury.Brainstormandexchangeofideasbetweendifferentthoughtsneverfailtoenhancecapabilitiesofeachindividulainvolved,ateam,acompany,aninstitution,acountry,oreventheentireglobalvillage.

Askingothers’adviceinsteadofgettingeverythingdoneonone’sownpromotesdemocracyandcommunicationtoo.Intermsofdemocracy,itisnecessarytogiveothersrightsandchancestospeaksincetheproblemmayconcernthemindifferentways,andtheirsayinginturnreflectsourrespecttowardfreedomofspeechaswellastheirwisdom.Intermsofcommunication,ideaexchangesometimesfocusesmorethansolutions,andherebybettermutual

understandingaboutperspectives,principles,praticalitiesandpersonalitiesofeachother.

Admittelyturningtoothersforhelpandsuggestionbynomeansreferstoabsoluteandirresponsibledependence.Considerationupondifferentthoughtsandideasbroadensourmind,enlargesourvision,furthersunderstanding,enhancesmoreeffectiveandefficientbrainstorm,andstressesmutualrespectingroupsandcommunities,which

undoubtedlygivesrisetobetter,ifnotthebestsolutions.AsisparaphrasedfromJohnFKenedy,brainstormed,thereislittlewecannotdowhiledivided,thereislittlewecando.

說明文英語作文范文第5篇Inthepasthundredyears,therehaveheenfrequentnaturaldisasters,suchasfloods,droughts,mud-rockflows,seismicseawaves,earthquakes,windstormsandthestretchingofnewdeserts.Thedisastershavekilledmillionsuponmillionsofpeople,destroyedcountlesshomes,andwipedoutnumerouspiecesoffertileland.Nowmoreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethatthosedisastershavemuchtodowithwhatwehavedonetotheearth.Wehavecutdowntoomanytreesintheforests,wehavebadlypollutedtheenvironment,wehaveshockedourownhome-planettimeandagainwithtremendouslypowerfulexplosionsofnuclearbombs.Asaresult,climateshavebecomeabnormal,rainwaterrushesdownhillsidesangrily,andtheundergroundenergygoesuptorevengeitselfonus.Theearthisouronlyhome-planet.Itisurgentforustostopdamagingit,andtodoourbesttoprotectitandmakeitalovelyplacesuitabletolivein,forwehavenowheretogoandsurviveexceptwherewearenow.

翻譯：在過去的一百年里，這里發(fā)生了頻繁的自然災(zāi)害，如洪水、干旱、泥石流、地震、海浪、地震、風(fēng)暴和延伸的新沙漠。災(zāi)難奪走了無數(shù)人的生命，摧毀了無數(shù)家園，摧毀了無數(shù)片肥沃的土地?，F(xiàn)在越來越多的人意識到這些災(zāi)難與我們對地球所做的有很大關(guān)系。我們砍伐了太多的森林樹木，我們嚴(yán)重污染了環(huán)境，我們用極其強大的核彈爆炸一次又一次震驚了我們的家園地球。結(jié)果，氣候變得異常，雨水憤怒地沖下山坡，地下能量上升，對我們進行報復(fù)。地球是我們唯一的家園。我們迫切需要停止破壞它，并盡我們最大的努力來保護它，使它成為一個可愛的適合居住的地方，因為我們沒有地方去和生存除了我們現(xiàn)在。

說明文英語作文范文第6篇英語說明文的寫作

就“說明對象”而言，英語說明文可分為對“客觀具體事物”的說明和對“主觀抽象觀念”的說明兩大類，比如：對“LASER(激光)”、“ComputerProblemofYear(計算機問題)”等等的說明都是對客觀或者具體事物的說明，而“TheSuccessfulInterview(談成功的面試)”、“HowtoWriteGoodEnglishComposition(如何才能寫好英語作文)”等是對主觀抽象觀念的說明。對我們中學(xué)生朋友來說，在漢語說明文的教學(xué)中似乎比較側(cè)重前者，即解釋客觀具體事物的說明文。但在英語說明文中，闡述和說明“主觀抽象觀念”的說明文占了很大的比重，其中有些類似漢語中的議論文。但是無論是對“客觀具體事物”的說明還是對“主觀抽象觀念”的闡述，英語說明文從結(jié)構(gòu)上看大致可分為三個部分：第一部分一般是文章的第一段，提出文章的主題，也就是說，文章想要闡述、說明的主要內(nèi)容;第二部分是文章的主體，可由若干個段落組成，對文章的主題進行展開說明;第三部分是結(jié)尾段，對文章的主題作歸納總結(jié)。從英語說明文的結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，要寫好英語說明文的關(guān)鍵在于第二部分如何對文章主題進行展開說明。在英語中，常見的用來展開文章主題的方法有下列幾種：

1.羅列法(listing)

在文章開始時提出需要說明的東西和觀點，然后常用first，second，…andfinally加以羅列說明。羅列法廣泛地使用于各類指導(dǎo)性的說明文之中，下面這篇學(xué)生作文就是用羅列法寫成的：

EarlyRising

Earlyrising(早起)ishelpfulinmorethanoneway.First，ithelpstokeepusfit(健康)。Weallneedfreshair.Butairisneversofreshasearlyinthemorning.Besides，wecandogoodtoourhealthfromdoingmorningexercise(做早操)。

Secondly，earlyrisinghelpsusinourstudies.Welearnmorequicklyinthemorning，andfinditeasiertorememberwhatwelearninthemorning.

Thirdly，earlyrisingenables(使能夠)ustoplantheworkoftheday.Wecannotworkwellwithoutagoodplan.Justastheplanfortheyearshouldbemadeinthespring，sotheplanforthedayshouldbemadeinthemorning.

Fourthly，earlyrisinggivesusenoughtimetogetreadyforourwork，suchastowashourfacesandhandsandeatourbreakfastproperly.

Laterisersmayfinditverydifficulttoformthehabitofearlyrising.Theyoughttomakespecialeffortstodoso.AstheEnglishproverbsays，“Earlytobedandearlytorise，makesamanhealthy，wealthyandwise.”

羅列法經(jīng)常用下列句式展開段落，我們可以注意模仿學(xué)習(xí)：

Thereareseveralgoodreasonswhyweshouldlearnaforeignlanguage.Firstofall，…Secondly，…Andfinally，…

WeshouldtryourbesttoplantmoretreesforseveralgoodreasonsFirstofall，…Secondly，…Andfinally，

必須指出的是，有時羅列法并不一定有明確的first，second…等詞，但文章還是以羅列論據(jù)展開的。

2.舉例法(examples)

舉例法是用具體的例子來說明我們要表達(dá)的意思，常用forexample，forinstance，stillanotherexampleis…等詞語引出。下面這篇學(xué)生作文就是用舉例法寫成的：

Recreation

Itisimpossibletokeepingoodhealthunlesswetakeenoughrecreation(娛樂)。Themind，too，needschangetomakeitfreshandvigorous(有活力的)Thereismuchtruthintheoldsaying，AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.“

Therearemanygameswhichboysandgirlscanplayaftertheirschoolworkisdone，forinstance，football，tennis，andkite-flying.Otherexamplesofrecreationareboating，fishing，gardening，cycling，walking，chess-playing，andreading.Personswhositmuchattheirbusinessshouldtakeakindofrecreationthatwillsupplytheirmuscles(肌肉)withexercise.Thosewhospendmostoftheirtimeintheopenairanddomanualwork(體力活)shouldadopt(采納)readingorsomeotherquietformofrecreation.

Cyclingissaidtobeanimportantmeansofrecreation，butmanypersonsfoolishlytireoutthemselvesbycyclingtoomuch.Thesamemaybesaidinregardtofootball.Tennisisapleasantformofrecreation.Manypersonstakegreatdelightinboating.Fishingrequiresmuchpatience，andthereismuchdangeroftakingcoldbysittingstillonacolddaytoolong.Agoodbrisk(輕松)walkisoneofthefinestformsofexercise.Forpersonsengagedinoutdoorlabor，chess-playingisanotherexcellentformofrecreation.

可以看出，舉例法和羅列法有時可以結(jié)合使用：即用羅列法來列出例子，用例子充實羅列的說明。

3.比較法(comparisonandcontrast)

比較法是對兩個對象進行比較，從而進行說明的寫作手法。比較法又可細(xì)分為比較相同點(comparison)和比較不同點(contrast)兩種方法，比如：

FromParagraphtoEssay

Althoughtheyaredifferentinlength(長度)，theparagraphandtheessayarequitesimilarinstructure(結(jié)構(gòu))。Forexample，theparagraphstartswitheitheratopicsentence(主題句)oratopicintroducerfollowedbyatopicsentence.Intheessay，thefirstparagraphsetsupthetopicfocus(主題所在)Next，thesentencesinthebodyofaparagraphdevelopthetopicsentence.Similarly，thebodyofanessayconsistsofanumberofparagraphsthatdiscussandsupporttheideasgivenintheintroductory(引導(dǎo)的)paragraph.Finally，aconcludingsentence(結(jié)束句)——whetherarestatement，conclusion，orobservation——endstheparagraph.Theessay，too，hasaconcludingparagraphwhichendstheessaylogicallyandsatisfactorily.Althoughtherearesomeexceptions(例外)，mostwellwrittenexpository(說明文的)paragraphsandessaysaresimilarinstructure.

可以看出，在比較相同點的時候，常用到similarly，also，too，inthesamecase，inspiteofthedifference等這樣的詞語。

EuropeanFootballandAmericanFootball

AlthoughEuropeanfootballistheparentofAmericanfootball，thetwogamesshowseveralmajordifferences.Europeanfootball，sometimescalledassociationfootballorsoccer，isplayedin80countries，makingitthemostwidelyplayedsportintheworld.Americanfootball，ontheotherhand，ispopularonlyinNorthAmerica(theUnitedStatesandCanada)。Soccerisplayedbyelevenplayerswitharoundball.Football，alsoplayedbyelevenplayersinsomewhatdifferentpositions(位置)onthefield，isplayedwithanelongated(拉長的)roundball.Soccerhaslittlebodycontact(接觸)betweenplayersandthereforeneedsnospecialprotectiveequipment.Football，inwhichplayersmakethegreatestuseofbodycontacttostoparunningball-carrierandhisteammates，needsspecialprotectiveequipment.Insoccer，theballisadvancedtowardthegoalbykickingitorbybutting(頂)itwiththehead.InAmericanfootball，ontheotherhand，theballispassedfromhandtohandorcarriedinthehandsacrosstheopponent's(對手)goal.Thesearejustafewofthefeatureswhichdistinguish(區(qū)別)associationandAmericanfootball.

這是一篇用比較不同點的'手法寫的說明文。從文章中可以看出：however，ontheotherhand，incontrast，but，nevertheless等表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語常用來引導(dǎo)對不同點的比較。

4.定義法(definition)

定義法也是英語說明文中常用的寫作手法，特別是在對具體事物概念進行說明時經(jīng)常使用。定義法的基本要素是定義句。英語中常見定義句的模式是：

被定義對象is所屬類別+限制性定語

可以看出，定義句中限制性定語越詳細(xì)，定義就越精確，比如：

Abatisasmallmouse-likeanimalthatfliesatnightandfeedson(以……為食品)fruitandinsectsbutisnotabird.

其實，在英—英詞典中，對英語單詞的英文解釋就是定義法的典型例子。比如，看看Longman詞典對student和teacher的定義是很有意思的：Astudentisapersonwhoisstudyingataplaceofeducationortraining.Ateacherisapersonwhogivesknowledgeorskilltosb.asaprofession(專業(yè))。

5.順序法(sequenceoftime，spaceandprocess)

順序法是指按時間、空間或過程的順序進行說明的一種寫作手法。比如按照時間順序介紹一個科學(xué)家的生平，用空間順序闡述逐漸開發(fā)西部的重要意義，用過程順序法