新高考新教材適用2025版高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一閱讀理解考點(diǎn)分類練九主旨大意題-段落大意類

考點(diǎn)分類練(九)主旨大意題——段落大意類A(2024山東聊城二模)Theworldisgoingthroughabasictransformation,whichischangingthewaywelive,workandthink.TheFourthIndustrialRevolutionisbringingdramaticchangeandgivingrisetoafuturefilledwithexcitingopportunitiesandnewchallenges.Togethergovernmentsandbusinessesmustfindsolutionstosociety’smostpressingneeds—fromcreatingacarbon-freeeconomytotacklingpopulationgrowthandurbanization.Inanyperiodofrapidchangethereisatrendtolookforasimplemethod,togreetthenewthingsandreplacetheoldwayofdoingthings.Butacloselookatthefactstellsadifferentstory.Complexproblemsrequiremanysolutionsworkinginharmonytoenablepositivechange.Thechallengeforscientistsandtheengineersistoprovidesolutionsinfact,dataandtoday’srealities.Andwhiletechnologiesoffernewtoolstohelpuncoversolutions,theprocessalsorequireshardwork,imaginationandlotsofimprovement.Successrestsonperformingpractical,realistic,long-termsolutionsthatmaketheworldcleaner,saferandmoresustainable.Theenvironmentisacaseinpoint.Muchofthepublicdebatehascenteredonthecentralroleofrenewablepowersourcesinrealizingalow-carbonenergyfuture.Whiletheindustryisfullybehindthedevelopingrenewables,todayweunderstandaloworzero-carbonfuturedependsonadoptingamultifacetedapproach.Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows,whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortoolittleenergyattimes.Thetransitiontorenewablesneedstotakeaccountofseriousconsiderations.Batterieshavebeenmuchdiscussedasameansofstoringextraenergy,butthereareotherchoices.Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergycreatedbyrenewablestobestoredandredistributedwhenandwhereitisneeded.1.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Society’sdramaticchangecallsforsimplemethods.B.Oldmeansofdoingthingsshouldbereplacedbynewones.C.Societyneedspositivechangefordevelopment.D.Someproblemsshouldbesolvedincombinedways.2.Whatdoestheauthorexpectscientistsandengineerstodo?A.Offernewtoolstouncoversolutions.B.Tacklepopulationgrowth.C.Workhardwithimagination.D.Maketheworldbetterwithasimplemethod.3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheconsumptionofthesolarpowerandwindpower?A.Uncertain. B.Cautious.C.Unconfident. D.Doubtful.4.WhichofthefollowingistheadvantageofPower-to-Xtechnologies?A.Theycanadjustpowersupply.B.Theycanconserveenergy.C.Theyhelpmakemoreelectricity.D.Theycancreatepowerfromwindandsun.BTheTiangongspacestationisaspacestationbeingconstructedbyChina.Theconstructionofthestationisbasedontheexperiencegainedfromitspioneers,Tiangong-1andTiangong-2.Thefirstmodule(艙),theTianhecoremodule,waslaunchedon29April2024,followedbymultiplecrewedanduncrewedmissionsandtwomoremodulestobelaunchedby2024.AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA),whichoperatesthespacestation,thepurposeandmissionsofTiangongspacestationarelistedas:breakthroughinkeytechnologiessuchaspermanenthumanoperationsinorbit,long-termautonomousspaceflightofthespacestation,lifesupporttechnology,developmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration.TheTianheCoreCabinModule(CCM)provideslifesupportandlivingquartersforthreecrewmembersandprovidesguidance,navigation(導(dǎo)航)forthestation.Themodulealsoprovidesthestation’spowerandlifesupportsystem.Thestationisequippedwithasmallkitchenforfoodpreparationandthefirst-evermicrowaveoveninthespaceflight,sothatastronautscanalwayshavehotfoodwhenevertheyneed.120differenttypesoffood,selectedbasedonastronauts’preference,arestoredaboard.China’sintentiontobuilditsownspacestationwasamplified(增加的)afterNASArefusedChineseparticipationinInternationalSpaceStationin2011.On22February2017,CMSAandItalianSpaceAgency(ASD)signedanagreementtocooperateonlong-termhumanspaceflightactivities.TheagreementholdsimportanceduetoItaly’sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflightwithregardtothecreationanddevelopmentoftheInternationalSpaceStationanditshowsItaly’sincreasedexpectationinChina’sdevelopingspacestationprogram.Tiangongisalsoexpectedtohostexperimentsfrommanyothercountries.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheTiangongspacestation?A.Itaimstobuildacoremodule.B.Itsconstructionhasbeenfinished.C.Self-controlledflightisimpossible.D.Itcanfurtherassistspaceexploration.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Foodstoredaboardthestation.B.Waysofcookinginspace.C.LivingconditionsonCCM.D.Lifesupportingtechnologies.7.WhatwillthefutureoftheTiangongspacestationbelikeaccordingtothetext?A.Dependentandunclear.B.Promisingandinfluential.C.Leadingbutunpredictable.D.Internationalizedbutrisky.8.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythistextappear?A.Spacefiction. B.Lifehealth.C.Historicalevents. D.Science.C(2024山東日照一模)TheexactlocationinFrancewhereDutchmasterVincentvanGoghpaintedhislastworkofarthasbeendiscovered.ADutchresearcherfiguredoutthatascenedescribedintheartist’slastwork,TreeRoots,wasvisibleonapostcardshowingamanstandingnexttoabicycleonabackstreetofthevillageAuvers-sur-Oise.VanGoghspentthelastweeksofhislifeinthevillage.Helpfully,thecardevenincludedthenameofthestreet.Researchersweregivenauniqueglimpse(體驗(yàn))intothefamouspainter’sfinalhours.Hewasatworkrightuptotheend.WoutervanderVeen,scientificdirectoroftheVanGoghInstituteinFrance,madethediscovery.Whilestuckathome,WoutervandeVeenusedtheextratimetoorganizethenumerousfilesanddocumentsonVincentvanGogh,includingimagessuchastheoldpostcardfromAuvers-sur-Oise.OnedayinlateApril,hesawthecardonhiscomputerscreenanditsuddenlystruckhimthathewaslookingatthelocationofTreeRoots.Nexttothemanandhisbicycle,rootsandtreesareclearlyvisible.HetookavirtualtripdownthesiteusingGoogle’sStreetView.“Villagersknowthespotandthemaintreerootwell,evengivingitthename‘theelephant’becauseofitsshapes,”WoutervanderVeensaid.“Itwasreallyhidinginovertsight.”ThediscoveryprovidestouristswithanextrareasontovisitAuvers-sur-Oise.“Theytravelalotjustforonereason—towalkinthefootstepsofVincentvanGogh.Nowtheycanstandattheveryplacewherehepaintedhislastpainting,”WoutervanderVeensaid.“Andthat’saverymovingthingforalotofpeople.SoI’mveryhappytobeabletosharethatwithallthosewholoveVincentvanGogh.”9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatthepostcardrevealed.B.HowTreeRootswasdiscovered.C.WhyAuvers-sur-Oisebecameknown.D.WherevanGoghpaintedhisworks.10.HowdidWoutervanderVeenconfirmhisdiscovery?A.HestudiedapictureofAuvers-sur-Oise.B.HeorganizedhisdataonVincentvanGogh.C.HetraveledtoFrancetoseeforhimself.D.Hepaidavisittothespotonline.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overt”inparagraph5mean?A.Mixed. B.Obvious.C.Lovely. D.Strange.12.WhatcanweinferabouttouriststoAuvers-sur-Oise?A.Theyenjoyexploringhowtopaint.B.TheysharetheirloveforVincentvanGogh.C.TheyadmireVincentvanGoghverymuch.D.Theywanttoexperiencethelifethere.

考點(diǎn)分類練(九)主旨大意題——段落大意類【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。當(dāng)今世界第四次工業(yè)革命帶來了巨大的改變,同時(shí)也給將來帶來了更多的機(jī)會(huì)和新的挑戰(zhàn),因此,我們解決環(huán)境問題的方式應(yīng)當(dāng)多樣化。1.D解析:段落大意題。由其次段中的“Inanyperiodofrapidchangethereisatrendtolookforasimplemethod,togreetthenewthingsandreplacetheoldwayofdoingthings.Butacloselookatthefactstellsadifferentstory.Complexproblemsrequiremanysolutionsworkinginharmonytoenablepositivechange.”可知,本段主要說明解決問題不能一味追求簡(jiǎn)潔的方法,有的問題應(yīng)當(dāng)用多種方法協(xié)調(diào)解決。故選D項(xiàng)。2.C解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Andwhiletechnologiesoffernewtoolstohelpuncoversolutions,theprocessalsorequireshardwork,imaginationandlotsofimprovement.”可知,作者希望科學(xué)家和工程師帶著想象力努力工作,以供應(yīng)解決方案。故選C項(xiàng)。3.D解析:推理推斷題。由倒數(shù)其次段“Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows,whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortoolittleenergyattimes.Thetransitiontorenewablesneedstotakeaccountofseriousconsiderations.”可知,作者認(rèn)為太陽(yáng)能和風(fēng)能是人們無法限制的,須要仔細(xì)考慮向可再生能源的過渡,由此推知,作者對(duì)運(yùn)用太陽(yáng)能和風(fēng)能持懷疑看法。故選D項(xiàng)。4.A解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段中“Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergycreatedbyrenewablestobestoredandredistributedwhenandwhereitisneeded.”可知,Power-to-X技術(shù)可以在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間和地點(diǎn)對(duì)所儲(chǔ)存的再生資源進(jìn)行儲(chǔ)存和再安排,即它的優(yōu)勢(shì)是調(diào)整能源供應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)正在建立的空間站——天宮空間站的目的、任務(wù),以及天宮空間站的將來影響力。5.D解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段“AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA),whichoperates...developmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration.”可知,天宮空間站可以進(jìn)一步幫助太空探究,故選D項(xiàng)。6.C解析:段落大意題。通讀本段內(nèi)容可知,該段主要講的是CCM的生活狀況,即LivingconditionsonCCM,故選C項(xiàng)。7.B解析:推理推斷題。由最終一段中“TheagreementholdsimportanceduetoItaly’sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflight...Tiangongisalsoexpectedtohostexperimentsfrommanyothercountries.”可知,天宮空間站的將來將會(huì)是有前途和有影響力的,即“Promisingandinfluential”,故選B項(xiàng)。8.D解析:推理推斷題。通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹的是天宮空間站,屬于科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的內(nèi)容,由此可知,該文應(yīng)在網(wǎng)站的科學(xué)部分出現(xiàn),故選D項(xiàng)?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了探討人員偶然間在一張明信片上發(fā)覺了凡·高人生最終一幅畫的創(chuàng)作地點(diǎn)這一事情。9.A解析:主旨大意題