老高考舊教材適用2025版高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一閱讀理解考點(diǎn)分類練六推理判斷題-文章出處類

考點(diǎn)分類練(六)推理推斷題——文章出處類Passage1(2024安徽宣城二模)Haveyoueverfoundpickingoutthefaceofafriendinagroupphotoissometimeshard,especiallywheneveryonecrowdstogether?Inthesameway,itcanalsobehardtoreadapassageoftextwhenthelettersaretooclosetogether.Infact,anewstudyshowsthatspacingthelettersfartherapartcanhelpanyonereadfaster,andpossiblyunderstandmore.Dyslexiaisacommonreadingdisorder.Crowdedtextwasespeciallydifficultforpeoplewithdyslexiatoread.Soresearcherswantedtoseeifincreasingthespacingbetweenletterswouldhelp.StevenStagg,ascientist,studieshowpeoplethinkandlearn.Histeamrecruited59studentsbetween11and15yearsold,thirty-twoofwhomhaddyslexia.Whiletheresearchersrecordedthem,eachstudentreadtwopassagesoutloud.Onepassagewasinitsoriginalformat.Intheother,therewasanincreaseof2.5pointsinthespacingbetweentheletters.Therecordingallowedthescientiststomeasuretheirreadingspeedandcountanymistakes,suchasskippedwords.Peoplewithdyslexiaoftenemployaidstohelpthemread,suchascoloredoverlays(覆蓋物).Thistimetheyareofferedbytheresearchers.Thosecoloredoverlaysdidn’thelpeithergroupofkids.Buttheextraspacingdid.Kidswithdyslexiareadthewider-spacedtext13percentfasterthanthetextwithoriginalspacing.Thesekidsalsomadefewermistakes.Studentswithoutdyslexiareadfaster,too,althoughonlyby5percent.Thisisverygoodnews.Itmeansteachersandpublisherscanprintmaterialwithextraspacingbetweenletters.Readerswithdyslexiawon’tfeelsingledoutbyhavingtousespecialaidsforreading.AnorganizationcalledReadabilityMattersisworkingontheseissues.Thegroupistryingtogettechcompaniestomakechangesthatshouldmakereadingeasier.Staggsays,“Somemethodshaveshownmixedresults,butletterspacingseemstobetheonethingthateveryoneisfindingworks.”1.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakethearticleinteresting.B.Topresentacommonproblem.C.Toleadtothetopicofthearticle.D.Toprovideanewsolution.2.Whatdoyouknowaboutpeoplewithdyslexia?A.Theymayunderstandeverythingwhilereadingwider-spacedtext.B.Theymayreadfasterthannormalkidswhilereadingwider-spacedtext.C.Theymayfreefromdyslexiaafterincreasingletterspacing.D.Theymayfeelsingledoutwhileusingcoloredoverlaysforreading.3.Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanweprobablyfindthispassage?A.Sciencestudy.B.Campuslife.C.Starstories. D.Business.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ReadersTrytoImproveReadingSpeedB.YouJustNeedMoreSpaceC.ColoredOverlaysAreHelpfulAidsD.DyslexiaAffectsReadingSpeedPassage2(2024廣西桂林梧州一模)Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember1st.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazards(危急)hasbeenalmostthreetimesless.AccordingtotheWMO,from1970to2024,weather,climateandwaterhazardsaccountedfor50percentofalldisasters.Amongthetop10hazardsthatledtothelargestlossofhumanlifeduringthisperiodweredroughts,storms,floodsandextremetemperatures.However,deathsfellfromover50,000inthe1970stolessthan20,000inthe2010s.“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange,”saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas.“Thatmeansmoreheatwaves,droughtandforestfiressuchasthosewehaveobservedrecentlyinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Wehavemorewatervaporintheatmosphere,whichisworseningextremerainfallanddeadlyflooding.Thewarmingoftheoceanhasaffectedthefrequencyandareaofexistenceofthemostintensetropicalstorms.”“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.Quitesimply,wearebetterthaneverbeforeatsavinglives,”Taalassaid.5.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Disastersconnectedwithweatherhavegoneup.B.Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasdecreased.C.Thenumberofdeathsfromhazardshasbeenincreasing.D.Earlywarningsystemshavemadedisastersdeclinemuch.6.WhatwillhappenaccordingtoPetteriTaalas?A.Therewillbemoreextremeweather.B.Extremerainfallwillnolongerexist.C.Watervaporintheatmospherewillgodown.D.Humanwillconquerextremeweatherintheend.7.Whatishopefulbehindthebadnews?A.Improvedwarningsystemswillsaveeconomiclosses.B.Economiclossesaregoingdownasexposureincreases.C.Moreliveswillbesavedthankstoearlywarningsystems.D.Improvedearlywarningsystemswillcontrolextremeweather.8.Wheremaythetextbetakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Abrochure.C.Aguideline. D.Amagazine.Passage3(2024廣西南寧二模)Inordertogetridofgoldenrodfromthecity,thegovernmentofWuhanisencouragingresidentstoreportanyfindingsoftheplant,whichisclassifiedasaharmfulalienspecies.Goldenrodisoneofthemostsuccessfulandwidespreadalienplantspecies.Itisoftenreferredtoas“theflowerofthedevil”,asitspreadsextremelyfastandcausesotherplantstodie.BesidesHubeiprovince,theplanthasalsobeenfoundexpandinginotherprovincessuchasJiangxiandZhejiang.Althoughlocalauthoritieshavetriedtogetridoftheplant,itisprovingtobeadifficulttask.Goldenrodrepresentsjustoneofthealienspeciesthatareaggressivetowardsthecountry’snativespecies.Statisticsshowthatby2024,nearly800kindsofalienspecieshadinvadedthecountry,amongwhich638specieshaveinvadedthecountry’sagriculturalandforestryecosystems,causingdirecteconomiclossesofabout200billionyuan($31.36billion).AttheUnitedNationsBiodiversityConferenceheldinKunming,Yunnanprovince,theinvasionofalienspecieswasthesubjectofdiscussions,asitwasregardedasoneofthetwomostimportantfactorsleadingtothelossofbiodiversity,theotherbeinghuman-causedecologicaldamage.ChinapasseditsBiosecurityLawonApril15,2024,whichprovidesthelegalbasisforpreventingtheinvasionofalienspeciesandprotectingbiodiversityinthecountry.Therelevantdepartmentsalsostrictlycarryoutportinspectionsandquarantinessoastokeepharmfulorganismsoutofthecountry,andtheystrengthenearlywarningandmonitoringsystemssoastoaddresstheinvasionasearlyaspossible.However,whilegovernmentdepartmentsaremakingeveryefforttopreventandcontrolthesituation,theparticipationofthepeopleshouldnotbeignored.Itisalsonecessary,asWuhanisdoing,toencouragepeopletopayattentiontoinvasivespeciesandactivelyplayaroleinkeepingthematbay.Preventinganyinvasionbyanalienspeciesandprotectingbiodiversityshouldnotjustbethegovernmentdepartmentsfightingalone,butalsoapeople’swar.

9.Whatcanwelearnaboutgoldenrodfromthetext?A.ItoriginatesinWuhan.B.Itdoesharmtopeople’shealth.C.Itisagreatthreattothesurroundingplants.D.Itcausesaneconomiclossofabout$31.36billion.10.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.China’seffortstostoptheinvasionofalienspecies.B.Relevantdepartments’warningofgoldenrod.C.Thelegalbasistoprotectbiodiversity.D.Theimportanceofportinspectionsandquarantines.11.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“keepingthematbay”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Keepingtheinvasivespeciesoutofthecountry.B.Buildingsomebarriersforthespecies.C.Preventingtheflowersfromgrowingfast.D.Keepingthealienspeciessafeattheport.12.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanthistextbefound?A.Business. B.Culture.C.Environment. D.Opinion.

考點(diǎn)分類練(六)推理推斷題——文章出處類Passage1【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了一項(xiàng)探討表明增加字母間距有助于幫助患有閱讀障礙的人閱讀,讓無閱讀障礙的人閱讀速度更快。1.C解析推理推斷題。由第一段內(nèi)容可知,與在合影中分辨摯友的臉有時(shí)很難一樣,字母靠得太近也讓人難以分辨,而探討表明加大字母間隔能幫助人提高閱讀速度,承接下文,引出其次段內(nèi)容。所以第一段的目的是引出文章的主題。2.D解析推理推斷題。由第四段中的“Peoplewithdyslexiaoftenemployaidstohelpthemread,suchascoloredoverlays(覆蓋物).”和倒數(shù)其次段中的“Readerswithdyslexiawon’tfeelsingledoutbyhavingtousespecialaidsforreading.”可推斷出,當(dāng)閱讀障礙患者運(yùn)用彩色版面閱讀時(shí),他們可能會(huì)感到被孤立了。3.A解析推理推斷題。本文主要是介紹一項(xiàng)科學(xué)探討,會(huì)在報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)探討”專欄找到這篇文章。4.B解析主旨大意題。本文主要講解并描述了增加字母間距有助于幫助患有閱讀障礙的人閱讀,B項(xiàng)“你只須要更多的(字母)空間”符合文意。Passage2【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講了極端天氣和與此相關(guān)的災(zāi)難會(huì)越來越多,但是人類可以通過早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)挽救更多的生命。5.A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一句中的“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years”可知,與氣候相關(guān)的災(zāi)難增多了。6.A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段PetteriTaalas說的話可知,PetteriTaalas認(rèn)為極端天氣會(huì)增多。7.C解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段中的“Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionin