高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)二輪用書英語(新高考)專題2 NO.1　讀文總策略•快解七選五3策略

高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024專題二七選五NO.1讀文總策略?快解七選五3策略考情分析年份卷別體裁主題句過渡句細(xì)節(jié)/總結(jié)句設(shè)空位置2023新高考全國Ⅰ卷說明文041段首0/段中4/段尾1新高考全國Ⅱ卷說明文131段首1/段中3/段尾12022新高考全國Ⅰ卷說明文113段首0/段中4/段尾1新高考全國Ⅱ卷說明文122段首1/段中4/段尾02021新高考全國Ⅰ卷記敘文113段首1/段中4/段尾0新高考全國Ⅱ卷說明文122段首1/段中2/段尾2命題專家談高考1.文章體裁:體裁以說明文為主,偶爾涉及記敘文(如2021年新高考全國Ⅰ卷),有的文章會(huì)給出標(biāo)題。2.短文長(zhǎng)度:閱讀材料一般是一篇長(zhǎng)度為350詞左右的短文,其中正文260詞左右,備選項(xiàng)80詞左右,且選項(xiàng)按照由短到長(zhǎng)的順序依次排列。3.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置:閱讀七選五所設(shè)空的位置多數(shù)集中在段中,主要考查上下文過渡句、細(xì)節(jié)支撐句等。段首、段尾句主要考查主題句、過渡句或總結(jié)句;小標(biāo)題的考查雖然極少涉及,但也不應(yīng)忽略。策略一掌握“三步走”,文章理解快策略二運(yùn)用“三步驟”,確保解題準(zhǔn)策略三研究典例?掌握“三步”技巧(2023新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Personal

ForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.

36

Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.

Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”

37

Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.

Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.

38

Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.

39

Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.

It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.

40

We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.

A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.?“三步”技巧運(yùn)用1.讀文“三步走”(1)把握主題:本文為一篇說明文。文章鼓勵(lì)人們練習(xí)自我寬恕,并提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的寫作練習(xí)來增強(qiáng)自信。通過列出個(gè)人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和善良的行為,人們可以學(xué)會(huì)原諒自己的錯(cuò)誤,并從中成長(zhǎng)。梳理段意:第一部分(Para.1):要學(xué)會(huì)適度自我原諒;第二部分(Paras.2-4):學(xué)會(huì)適度自我原諒的三個(gè)方法;第三部分(Para.5):我們一直在學(xué)習(xí),犯錯(cuò)是自我成長(zhǎng)的積極方式。(2)瀏覽選項(xiàng):依據(jù)7個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知:①所有選項(xiàng)末尾均有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào);②C項(xiàng)中的They指代第39題前面的afriendorfamilymember;③G項(xiàng)中的fixed與第40題后的changing形成對(duì)比。(3)抓住關(guān)鍵:第二段第一句中的“Personalstrengths.”為關(guān)鍵詞,第37題肯定與個(gè)性優(yōu)點(diǎn)有關(guān)。2.解題“三步驟”(1)段中題:36,37,39和40題要充分利用邏輯關(guān)系做出推斷。(2)段尾題:38題要仔細(xì)閱讀上文語境并判斷該題是總結(jié)句還是細(xì)節(jié)句。點(diǎn)撥:36.D

空白前作者提到勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要,但是也不要因此而過于自責(zé),人都是會(huì)犯錯(cuò)的?？瞻缀笳f“你可以使用下面的寫作練習(xí)來幫助你做到這一點(diǎn)”。結(jié)合文章標(biāo)題和下文內(nèi)容可知,下文主要講自我寬恕,故空白處內(nèi)容應(yīng)該提到寬恕這一話題。D項(xiàng)“寬恕自己也同樣重要”符合語境,且D項(xiàng)中的

“show

yourself

some

forgiveness”正好對(duì)應(yīng)空后一句中的“do

this”。37.B

空白前提到“在日記或一張紙上寫上標(biāo)題‘個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)’”,空白后作者具體羅列了幾項(xiàng)“優(yōu)點(diǎn)”,這些優(yōu)點(diǎn)可以是關(guān)心他人、富有創(chuàng)造力、慷慨、善于傾聽、和你待在一起會(huì)讓人感到快樂等等。由此可推測(cè)該空應(yīng)與列舉優(yōu)點(diǎn)有關(guān),B項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn)”符合語境。38.F

由“At

the

top

of

a

second

page,put

the

heading‘Acts

of

kindness.’”可知,本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。這可能包括幫助朋友完成家庭作業(yè)、主動(dòng)幫忙熨衣服,或在家人勞累一天后烤餅干等。F項(xiàng)“無論是什么事,無論看起來多么微小,都寫下來”是對(duì)上文列出善舉這一做法的總結(jié)。39.C

空白前提到“你可以讓朋友或家人幫忙增加你的列表內(nèi)容”,空白后提到“那樣的話,你可以和他們交流想法”,故可推斷,空白處應(yīng)與家人和朋友的反應(yīng)或舉動(dòng)有關(guān);C項(xiàng)“他們甚至可能想嘗試做一下這個(gè)練習(xí)”承上啟下,符合語境,其中C項(xiàng)中的“They”指代空白前“a

friend

or

family

member”。40.G

根據(jù)空白前“...most

people

learn

not

from

their

successes

but

from

their

mistakes.The

thing

is,it’s

true.”可知,作者認(rèn)為人是從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)?？瞻缀笥痔岬健拔覀円恢痹诟淖兒蛯W(xué)習(xí),而犯錯(cuò)是我們得以發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)的良好途徑”。G項(xiàng)“不管你犯了什么錯(cuò)誤,記住這不是你性格中固定的一面”承上啟下,符合語境。G項(xiàng)中的

fixed與空白后的changing形成對(duì)比。課堂應(yīng)用A(2023全國乙卷)Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.

1

,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.

What

are

indoor

plants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.

2

.

Why

are

indoor

plants

good

for

you?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“

3

.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgasessuchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.

4

.

Which

plants

can

you

grow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“

5

,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitsofgrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在室內(nèi)種植植物的好處以及如何選擇適宜室內(nèi)種植的植物。1.B

解析

本句為并列復(fù)合句。根據(jù)空后的“but

studies

have

shown

that

they

can

promote

people’s

wellbeing

by

improving

their

mood,reducing

stress

and

helping

their

memory”可知,應(yīng)該選B項(xiàng),構(gòu)成“not

only...but

(also)...(不僅……,而且……)”句型,本句交代了室內(nèi)植物的兩個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。2.D

解析

本句為細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)“Many

of

these

species

are

not

ideally

suited

to

growing

outside

in

the

UK,especially

in

the

winter.”可知,應(yīng)該選D項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中的Instead與該句中的not構(gòu)成“不是……,而是……”句式。outside與inside,winter與warmer相對(duì)應(yīng)。3.C

解析

本句為主旨句。根據(jù)“Why

are

indoor

plants

good

for

you?”和空后的內(nèi)容可知,應(yīng)該選C項(xiàng),good與benefits相一致。空后的“l(fā)ift

your

mood”“improve

creativity,focus

and

memory”“clean

the

air

around

them”和“remove

some

harmful

chemicals”概括起來都是不同的“好處(benefits)”。4.E

解析

本句為細(xì)節(jié)句。空前的“They

also

remove

some

harmful

chemicals

from

paints

or

cooking”綜述“它們還可以去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)”,選項(xiàng)E點(diǎn)明具體實(shí)例:peace

lilies和devil’s

ivy這樣的植物最有效。5.G

解析

本句為細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)“It

can

bring

a

new

interest

and

focus

into

people’s

lives

and

help

to

make

the

link

between

home

and

nature.”可知應(yīng)該選G項(xiàng),it指代“Learning

about

the

requirements

of

each

plant

can

be

very

rewarding.”,即Spoelstra認(rèn)為“了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的,它可以給人們的生活帶來新的興趣和關(guān)注點(diǎn),并有助于將家與自然聯(lián)系起來?！盉(2021北京卷)Musichaslongbeenconsideredtobeanenjoyablepastimeformanypeople.

6

Thementalhealthbenefitsfrommusiccan’tbeargued.Musiccouldalsobehelpingyouwithmanyotherhealthproblemsbehindthescenes.

7

However,forthesamereason,musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneisinpain.Bydistracting(分心)themindfromthepain,music,peoplesay,canlowerstressandanxietylevels.This,ofcourse,canleadtolesspain.

Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed.

8

Whilethevalidityoftheideaisstillbeingassessed,theloweredstresscanevenbetiedbacktobloodpressure.Similarly,accordingtoresearchers,listeningtojust30minutesofsoftmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels,throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety.

Whenitcomestohearthealth,thereisspeculation(推測(cè))thatit’snotthestyleofmusic,butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth.InoneEuropeanstudy,participantslistenedtomusicastheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.

9

Ontheotherhand,whenthemusicslowed,theparticipants’stressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsonheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.

10

Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor,whichiswhatmakesmusicsovaluable.

A.Thisfeelingcanalsoresultinmanyotherhealthproblems.B.Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud.C.Thisideaisalittleoff-