外研版高中英語選擇性必修第二冊Unit5 Part3 Developing ideas Presenting ideas練習(xí)含答案

Unit5AdelicateworldPart3Developingideas&Presentingideas基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Igivemywarmest(問候)andbestwishestomyoldandnewfriends.

2.Thevividdescriptiongaveusa(視覺的)representationoftheharmoniouslifeinthevillage.

3.(2022全國甲)EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號),andtraditionsareincreasingly(罕見的).

4.(2024福建省福州格致中學(xué)期中)Theachievementsoftheirrevolutionweregreat,anditsfailure,byc,wereminor.

Ⅱ.一詞多義1.①Wemadeourdepartureintheearlymorning.詞性:詞義:

②Nowshe'swrittenanovelwhichisnotamysterybutaconsiderabledeparturefromherpreviouswork.詞性:詞義:

2.①M(fèi)ultiply6and7togetherandyouget42.詞性:詞義:

②Ifananimalwasinfectious,thebacteriawouldmultiplyquickly.詞性:詞義:

Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Chinarecentlyissuedanactionplanforsavingfoodtoensureitssuppliesand(secure).

2.(2022北京改編)IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,which(apparent)inlifeisimpossible,butitconsumedme.

3.(2021全國甲)Theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“critically(danger)”status.

4.It'svitalthatchildrenshouldavoidplayingontheroadtosecurethemselvesdanger.

5.Theelephantshereshowusthatmankindcancoexistalltheotherlivingbeingsmakingourworldmagical.

6.Somenaturalofancienttimesarestilltopeopletoday.(mystery)

7.Myownproblemsseeminsignificant(compare)withotherpeople's.

8.TheInternethasmadepossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.(2021浙江1月寫作)我謹(jǐn)代表我們學(xué)校對你們的到來表示誠摯的歡迎。,Iwouldliketoconveymysincerewelcometoyourvisiting.

2.當(dāng)我朋友告訴我真相時(shí),我才知道我誤解了你,所以我應(yīng)該向你道歉。(倒裝句,owe)OnlywhenmyfriendtoldmethetruthIhadmisunderstoodyou,soI.

3.她一沖出房間,后悔的眼淚就滾落臉頰。(一句多譯:hardly)①Shethehousewhentearsofregretrolleddownhercheeks.

②Hardlythehousewhentearsofregretrolleddownhercheeks.(讀后續(xù)寫—場景描寫)

能力提升練Ⅰ.課文語法填空In2016,ShennongjiawasmadeontotheUNESCOWorldHeritageList.Itwasawardedthestatusbecauseitmeetstwo1(criterion)requiredbythelist.Itisoneofthemost“complete”naturalareasin2worldandhasincrediblebiodiversity.

Shennongjia3(range)fromabout400metrestoover3,000metresabovesealevel,whichgivesagreatvariationinclimate,4(allow)varietiesofspeciestolive.Someofthem,5(regard)aslivingfossils,havesurvivedmillionsofyears.

Untilnow,over3,000plantspecies6(find)inShennongjia,whichrepresentsovertenpercentofChina'stotalfloralrichness.Morethan600vertebratespeciesandaround4,300insectspeciesarelivingthere.Scientistscanobservethe7(ecology)andbiologicalprocessinrealtime.

Scientistsmakegreatefforts8(look)afterthevariousspecies.However,thelocalpeoplearethemostimpressivefortakingthingsfromnaturewithoutdamageandtheylive9harmonywithnature.Allarethereasons10ShennongjiadeservesitsplaceontheUNESCOWorldHeritageList.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅱ.語法填空(2024遼寧撫順六校協(xié)作體期中)Shennongjiaissaidtobetheplace1EmperorYanoncelived.Somevisitorshopethattheymayevenencounterthemysteriouswildmenintheremotemountainsandvirgin(原始狀態(tài)的)forests.Theydonot2(actual)seeanywildmen,buttheyareattractedbyShennongjia'svibrant(充滿生機(jī)的)ecology,richbiodiversityandkarstlandforms.

Shennongjia'sbeauty3(vary)overtheyearasnaturetakesitscourse.4(tourist)canenjoyflowerblossomsinspring,beshadedfromthesummerheat,appreciateredleavesinautumn5goskiinginwinter.In2017,Chinaannounceditsplanfor6(build)10pilotnationalparksforecosystemconservation,includingtheShennongjiaForestryDistrict,HubeiProvince.

OfficialdatashowedthatvisitorstotheShennongjiaForestryDistrict7(reach)about15.5millionin2020.By2025,theforestareaaims8(increase)thatannualfiguretoover30million,withtourismrevenueofmorethan10billionyuan.

Visitorscanemployabusserviceiftheydonotdrive9(they)owncars.ThejourneytoShennongjiawilltakeabout3.5hoursfromnearbyYichangbycoach.In2021,Shennongjiawasconnectedto10newlybuiltfreeway,makingthemountainousregionmoreaccessible.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅲ.閱讀理解(2024重慶巴蜀中學(xué)期中)COVID-19isnotthefirstdiseasetomigratefromanimalstohumans.TheBlackDeathofthe14centurywasspreadbyfleas(跳蚤).TheH1N1virusbehindtheepidemicof1918originatedinbirds.Thelistgoeson.Inthelasttwodecadesalone,we'vebeenhauntedbyzoonotic(動物傳染病的)outbreaks,includingSARS,MERS,Ebola,birdflu,andmostrecently,COVID-19andmonkeypox.SomeresearchersarebeginningtocallthiseraaPandemicene.AstudypublishedinthejournalNatureinAprilsuggeststhatclimatechangemaybetoblame.“Thestudycomesfromasimpleidea,”saysColinCarlson,aglobalchangebiologistandaleadauthorofthepaper.Climatechangeismakingmanyhabitatsinhabitable.Whenanimalsmigratetowardcoolerclimates,theyintroducevirusestonewenvironments.“Thatleadstointerestingproblemsfromaviralstandpoint,”saysCarlson.Topredictdisplacementpatterns,Carlsonandhiscolleaguestaughtmachine-learningmodelsthekindsofhabitatsusedbydifferentmammals.Themodelingsoftwarethenpredicted,underarangeofpossibleclimatefutures,wheresuchconditionsmightbefoundin2070,heexplained.Manyanimalswillheadtocoolermountains,ortocoastalregionswithmildclimates;Indonesia,thePhilippines,theGreatRiftValley,andtheSahelregionareallexpectedtohavesky-highhumanpopulationdensityandbiodiversitylevelsbytheyear2070,makingthemeasytobeaffectedbyoutbreaksofzoonoticdisease.Carlsonandhiscolleaguespairedthesepredictionswithamodelthatanalyzeswhydifferentanimalsshareviruses.Thesameflightcapabilitiesthatmakebatsexcellentmosquito-huntersandseed-spreaders,forexample,alsomakethemmorelikelytotransmitdiseases.Andwhileit'seasierforvirusestospreadbetweencloselyrelatedspecies,evenvirusesforourdistantrelativescanfindpurchaseinus,givenenoughopportunitiesforinfection.Carlsonandhiscolleaguesestimatethatby2070,therewillbeatleast3,000instancesofnovelcross-speciesinfection.Notallwillbecomepandemics,butsomewill.1.Whyisthiseracalleda“Pandemicene”byresearchersinParagraph2?A.Manyspeciesaredisappearingfromtheearth.B.Theclimatechangehasbecomeunpredictable.C.Habitatsforwildlifearedestroyedbyhumanactivity.D.Diseasetransmittedfromanimalsistroublinghumans.2.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldColinCarlsonprobablyagree?A.Infectiousdiseasesarerarelyrelatedtoanimals.B.Migrationofanimalscanleadtoviraloutbreaks.C.Livableplacesforwildanimalsshouldbeprotected.D.Globalpopulationanddensitywillreachthepeakin2070.3.WhatcanbeinferredfromCarlson'sresearchinParagraph5?A.Virusescanbespreadbetweendistantlyrelatedspecies.B.Bats'flightcapabilitiesmakethemimmunetodiseases.C.Wildcreaturesaregivenmanyopportunitiestospreaddisease.D.Humansmaybeinfectedwithdifferentvirusesatthesametime.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ColinCarlson,aGlobalChangeBiologistB.ClimateChange,aReasonforAnimalMigrationC.HabitatProtection,anEffectiveWaytoKeepBiodiversityD.Cross-SpeciesInfection,aBigThreattoHumanBeingsⅣ.七選五(2024山東青島二中期中)Morethan40percentofAntarctica'siceshelveshavedecreasedinthepast25years,potentiallyacceleratingthesealevelrisebyallowingmorelandicetoflowintotheocean.1TheyplayacriticalroleinslowingtheflowoficeonlandintotheoceanbyessentiallyactingasawallandsurroundnearlytheentirecoastlineofAntarctica.Wheniceshelvesthinorretreat,iceonthelandcanflowintotheoceanmorequicklyandacceleratethesealevelrise.

Healthyiceshelvesnaturallyretreatandgrowovertime.Aniceshelfiscontinuouslyflowingandadvancingbutwillalsolosemassthroughmeltingorcalving,whichiswhenitsfrontbreaksoffintotheocean.2Butthelargeportionofsteadilyshrinkingiceshelvesshowsthisnaturalcycleisoff.

InWestAntarctica,theGetzIceShelfexperiencedsomeofthebiggesticelosses,shedding1.9trilliontonsoficeoverthestudyperiod.MosticeshelvesinEastAntarcticahowever,increasedinvolumeorstayedthesame.3Theregionisprotectedbyabandofcoldwateratthecoast,whichhelpskeepnearbywarmwateratbay.Evenso,thestudystillshowedpocketsofshrinkingiceshelves,andresearchersarestillinvestigatingthereasons.4

Thecurrenticeshelfdatasetisnotlongenoughforresearcherstodefinitivelymakeclimatechangeconnectionyet,butitwouldbearemarkablecoincidenceifthenaturalvariabilityiniceshelveswerejustthatmuchlarger.5Butwedon'tneedtohititbeforeseeinganeffectontheplanet.

A.Thenitcangainicefromthelandandgrowagain.B.Iceshelvesaremassivefloatingsectionsoficeextendingfromglaciersonland.C.Theeastisnotasexposedtothewarmwaterliketheothersideofthecontinent.D.Thethinningoftheiceshelveshasshownupinthesurroundingenvironment,too.E.Iceshelves,notjustthebigones,aresteadilylosingmassovertimewithnosignofrecovery.F.Onetheoryisthatthewarmerwateronthewesternsidecouldbeslowlycomingintheregion.G.Additionally,climatemodelspredicticeshelveswillsteadilyshrinkinawarmingworldasobserved,eventuallyhittingatippingpointforicesheetcollapse.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅴ.讀后續(xù)寫(2023江蘇南京期中)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Alexrodehisbikeonhiswayhome,andJohnson'spondcameintoview.Sometimeshisdadtookhimcanoeing(劃獨(dú)木舟)there,andAlexlovedit.Thepondwasalwayssoalivewithactivity,andsometimesAlexdiscoveredturtles(烏龜)sunbathingonsunnyrocks.Alexwascuriousaboutturtles.Whenitwastoorainytogocanoeing,heoftenwenttothelibrarytocheckoutbooksonturtles.Nowitlookedliketomorrowmightbeanothersunnyday.HedecidedtoaskDadiftheycouldgocanoeingandlookforturtlesagain.SuddenlyAlexsawsomethingintheroadupahead.Itlookedlikeabiggrayrock.Butitwasafunnyplaceforarocktobe.Hejumpedofftohavealook.Andthen,therockstartedtomove!Itwasactuallyalargeturtleslowlymakingitswayacrosstheroad!Alexknewrightawayitwasasnappingturtle.Outofthecornerofhiseye,hesawacarapproaching.Theturtlewasstillonlyhalfwayacrosstheroad.Alexknewhecouldn'tpickitupbecausesnappingturtleshaveapowerfulbiteandtheycouldevenbiteoffsomeone'sfinger!Whatcouldhedo?Thinkingfast,hestartedwavingbothhandswildly.“Stop!Stop!”hecried.Thecarslowedtoastop.“Areyouallright,Alex?”Itwashisneighbor,Mrs.Ramos.“I'mfine,Mrs.Ramos,”saidAlex.“I'mjusttryingtosaveaturtle.It'sprobablygoingtolayeggs.”“Oh,yeah.It'sspring,”saidMrs.Ramos.“So,Iguessalotofturtlesneedtolaytheireggsinthegrassacrosstheroad.”Thenshewavedgoodbyeanddroveoff.AlexthoughtaboutwhatMrs.Ramoshadsaid.“Therewouldprobablybemoreturtlestryingtocrosstheroadatthisspot!”herealized.Buthecouldn'tstandtherealldaytryingtostopcars.Helookedaroundandaroadsigncaughthiseye.Andthenhisfacebrightened.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。HejumpedonhisbikeandracedhometofindDad.

Thenextmorning,DadandAlexdrovetothepondwiththewoodensigninthecar.

答案與分層梯度式解析Unit5AdelicateworldPart3Developingideas&Presentingideas基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.parisonⅡ.1.①名詞;離開,出發(fā)句意:我們一大早就出發(fā)了。②名詞;分歧,不同句意:現(xiàn)在她寫了一部非懸疑小說,與她以前的作品大相徑庭。2.①動詞;相乘句意:6和7相乘得42。②動詞;繁殖句意:如果一只動物被感染了,這種細(xì)菌將會快速繁殖。Ⅲ.1.security考查名詞。句意:中國最近發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)節(jié)約食物的行動計(jì)劃,以確保食品供應(yīng)和安全。設(shè)空處與名詞supplies是and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分,共同作ensure的賓語,則設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞。由句意可知此處表示“安全”,應(yīng)用名詞security;security意為“安全”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。故填security。2.apparently考查副詞。句意:無論我做什么,我都想做到完美,這在生活中顯然是不可能的,但它消耗了我。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知,設(shè)空處修飾句子,要用副詞作狀語。故填apparently。3.endangered考查形容詞。句意:全球黑犀牛數(shù)量已降至5,500頭,這使黑犀牛處于“極度瀕?！睜顟B(tài)。status是名詞,應(yīng)用形容詞修飾。此處表示“瀕危的”,故填endangered。4.against考查介詞。句意:孩子們應(yīng)該避免在馬路上玩,以保護(hù)他們自己免遭危險(xiǎn),這是極其重要的。由句意可知,此處使用的是固定搭配“securesb.against...”,意為“保護(hù)某人免受……”。故填against。5.with考查介詞。句意:這兒的大象向我們展示了人類可以和使我們的世界變得更神奇的所有其他生物共存。由句意可知,此處使用的是固定搭配“coexistwith”,表示“與……共存”。故填with。6.mysteries;mysterious考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)和形容詞。句意:古代的一些自然之謎對當(dāng)今的人們來說仍然是神秘的。結(jié)合第一空前面的“Some”和句意可知,第一空要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填mysteries。由“arestilltopeople”及句意可知,第二空要用形容詞作表語,表示“神秘的”,故填mysterious。

7.compared考查過去分詞。句意:與別人的問題相比,我自己的問題似乎微不足道。該句中已有謂語seem,設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞。compare和Myownproblems之間為被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞形式。(be)comparedwith與……相比。8.it考查形式賓語。句意:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能輕松保持聯(lián)系?！癿adepossible”是“make+it(形式賓語)+adj.(賓補(bǔ))”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填it。

Ⅳ.1.Onbehalfofourschool2.didIknow;oweyouanapology3.①hadhardlyrushedoutof②hadsherushedoutof能力提升練Ⅰ.1.criteria考查名詞的數(shù)?？涨暗膖wo表明,此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)作meets的賓語。易錯(cuò)歸因此題易產(chǎn)生拼寫錯(cuò)誤,誤填成“criterions”。criterion的復(fù)數(shù)是特殊形式,不能直接加-s,應(yīng)單獨(dú)記憶。2.the考查冠詞。intheworld是固定短語,意為“在世界上”,此處表特指。3.ranges考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。該句中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,which前面為主句,主句中缺少謂語。分析句意可知此處陳述客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主句主語Shennongjia是第三人稱單數(shù),故填ranges。4.allowing考查現(xiàn)在分詞。此處表示“氣候的多樣性使得這里生存著各種各樣的物種”,由語境可知設(shè)空處表示自然而然的結(jié)果,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。5.regarded考查過去分詞。該句已有謂語havesurvived,故此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞。regard與其邏輯主語Someofthem是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。6.havebeenfound考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,which前面為主句,設(shè)空處作主句的謂語。Untilnow是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語,則主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主句主語over3,000plantspecies與find之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);species單復(fù)數(shù)同形,但over3,000表明主句謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填havebeenfound。類比啟發(fā)常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的意為“直到現(xiàn)在”的常用短語還有sofar、uptonow、tillnow等。7.ecological考查形容詞。設(shè)空處與形容詞biological為and連接的并列成分,一起作定語修飾名詞process,故用形容詞形式。8.tolook考查動詞不定式。makeeffortstodosth.是固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為“努力做某事”。9.in考查介詞。inharmonywith是固定短語,意為“與……和諧相處”。10.why考查定語從句。設(shè)空處無提示詞,空前是名詞reasons,此處表示“神農(nóng)架入選聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)名錄的原因”,設(shè)空處作原因狀語,故此處應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)定語從句。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)之一——神農(nóng)架。1.where考查定語從句。句意:據(jù)說神農(nóng)架是炎帝曾經(jīng)生活過的地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為place,關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。2.actually考查副詞。句意:他們實(shí)際上沒有看到任何野人,但是他們被神農(nóng)架生機(jī)勃勃的生態(tài)、豐富的生物多樣性和喀斯特地貌吸引。設(shè)空處修飾動詞see,應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故填actually。3.varies考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:隨著自然的發(fā)展,神農(nóng)架的美景一年四季都不一樣。根據(jù)下文“overtheyearasnaturetakesitscourse”和語境可知,此處表示客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語Shennongjia'sbeauty是不可數(shù)名詞短語,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填varies。4.Tourists考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:游客可以在春天賞花,在夏天乘涼,在秋天賞紅葉,在冬天滑雪。設(shè)空處作主語且表示“游客”,應(yīng)用名詞tourist;tourist為可數(shù)名詞,空前無冠詞,且此處泛指游客們,應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填Tourists。5.and考查連詞。句意同上。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“enjoyflowerblossomsinspring”“beshadedfromthesummerheat”“appreciateredleavesinautumn”和“goskiinginwinter”之間是并列關(guān)系,表示一年四季游客在神農(nóng)架可以做的事,應(yīng)用并列連詞and連接。故填and。6.building考查動名詞。句意:2017年,中國宣布了設(shè)立10個(gè)保護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的國家公園體制試點(diǎn)的計(jì)劃,其中包括湖北省神農(nóng)架林區(qū)。介詞后接動名詞作賓語。故填building。7.reached考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2020年神農(nóng)架林區(qū)的游客達(dá)到了約一千五百五十萬人次。分析句子可知,showed后是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,設(shè)空處為該從句的謂語。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in2020可知,動作發(fā)生在過去,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填reached。8.toincrease考查動詞不定式。句意:到2025年,林區(qū)力求把那個(gè)年度數(shù)字提高到三千萬以上,旅游收入超過一百億元。aimtodo...意為“力求做……”,故填toincrease。9.their考查代詞。句意:游客如果不駕駛自己的汽車,可以使用公共汽車服務(wù)。設(shè)空處修飾空后的名詞cars,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。10.a考查冠詞。句意:2021年,神農(nóng)架與一條新建的高速干道相連接,使山區(qū)變得更加便利。此處泛指“一條新建的高速干道”,應(yīng)用不定冠詞;newly是輔音音素開頭的單詞,故填a?！靖哳l詞匯】1.encounterv.偶遇;遭遇2.biodiversityn.生物多樣性3.shadev.給……遮擋(光線)n.陰涼處;背陰4.employv.使用;應(yīng)用;雇用5.mountainousadj.多山的6.accessibleadj.可到達(dá)的;可進(jìn)入的;易懂的;平易近人的【熟詞生義】coachn.長途客車【差距詞匯】1.landformn.地貌;地形2.revenuen.收入;稅收Ⅲ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了研究表明動物傳染病的暴發(fā)可能歸咎于氣候變化。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inthelasttwodecadesalone,we'vebeenhauntedbyzoonoticoutbreaks,including...callthiseraaPandemicene.”可知,在過去的二十年里,人類深受各種動物傳染病暴發(fā)帶來的困擾,所以這個(gè)時(shí)代被稱為疫情時(shí)代。故選D。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenanimalsmigratetowardcoolerclimates,theyintroducevirusestonewenvironments.‘Thatleadstointerestingproblemsfromaviralstandpoint,’saysCarlson.”可知,動物遷徙時(shí)會將病毒引入新的環(huán)境,而這會導(dǎo)致一些問題的出現(xiàn)。由此可推測出,ColinCarlson可能同意動物的遷徙會導(dǎo)致病毒暴發(fā)這一觀點(diǎn)。故選B。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Andwhileit's...evenvirusesforourdistantrelativescanfindpurchaseinus,givenenoughopportunitiesforinfection.”可推測出,在合適的條件下,親緣關(guān)系遠(yuǎn)的物種之間也能傳染病毒。故選A。4.D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,第二段引出本文主題,即氣候變化可能是當(dāng)今動物傳染病暴發(fā)的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?再結(jié)合最后一段(Carlson和他的同事估計(jì),到2070年,將至少有三千例新的跨物種感染病例。不是所有的都會成為流行病,但有些會。)可知,動物傳染病將變得越來越嚴(yán)重。全文圍繞“動物傳染病”展開,表明動物傳染病對人類造成了巨大威脅,所以D項(xiàng)(跨物種感染,對人類的巨大威脅)最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D。【高頻詞匯】1.originatev.起源;來自2.analyzev.分析3.transmitv.傳染;傳送;傳遞4.infectionn.感染;傳染infectiousadj.傳染性的;有感染力的infectv.使感染;傳染5.estimatev.估計(jì);估算【熟詞生義】1.pairv.配對2.purchasen.握緊;抓牢;蹬穩(wěn);支點(diǎn);抓拿處【差距詞匯】1.hauntv.(長期)困擾;纏擾2.standpointn.觀點(diǎn),立場3.densityn.密度;密集;稠密4.immuneadj.有免疫力;免疫的長難句原句Carlsonandhiscolleaguespairedthesepredictionswithamodelthatanalyzeswhydifferentanimalsshareviruses.分析這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。“Carlsonandhiscolleaguespairedthesepredictionswithamodel”是主句?！皌hatanalyzeswhydifferentanimalsshareviruses”為that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞model,其中“whydifferentanimalsshareviruses”為why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作analyzes的賓語。譯文卡爾森和他的同事們將這些預(yù)測與一個(gè)模型配對,該模型分析了為什么不同的動物共享病毒。Ⅳ.◎語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了南極洲的冰架正在減少,這可能會使更多的陸地冰流入海洋,從而加速海平面上升。文章還介紹了這一現(xiàn)象的原因可能和氣候變化有關(guān)。1.B細(xì)節(jié)句。下文“Theyplayacriticalroleinslowingtheflowoficeonlandintotheocean...acceleratethesealevelrise.”說明了南極冰架在減緩陸地上的冰流入海洋方面的作用。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)(冰架是從陸地冰川延伸出來的巨大的浮冰)引出本段的話題——冰架,并介紹什么是冰架,下文的“They”指代“Iceshelves”,符合語境。故選B。2.A細(xì)節(jié)句。上文“Healthyiceshelvesnaturallyretreatandgrowovertime.”說明冰架是可以自然消退和增長的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)(然后它可以從陸地上獲得冰并再次生長)承接上文,表明冰架會融化或崩解,也會再次生長,符合語境。A項(xiàng)中“gainicefromthelandandgrowagain”和前文“naturallyretreatandgrowovertime”相呼應(yīng),故選A。3.C過渡句。上文“MosticeshelvesinEastAntarcticahowever,increasedinvolumeorstayedthesame.”以及下文“Theregionisprotectedbyabandofcoldwateratthecoast,whichhelpskeepnearbywarmwateratbay.”說明南極東部大部分冰架的體積都在增加或保持不變是因?yàn)楦浇臏嘏暮Ｋ疀]有進(jìn)入。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)(東部不像大陸的另一邊那樣會接觸到溫暖的海水)承接上文,說明南極東部大部分冰架的體積都在增加或保持不變的原因,同時(shí)引出下文的進(jìn)一步解釋,承上啟下,符合語境,故選C。4.F細(xì)節(jié)句。上文“Evenso,thestudystillshowedpocketsofshrinkingiceshelves,andresearchersarestillinvestigatingthereasons.”說明研究人員仍在調(diào)查該區(qū)域冰架縮小的原因。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知F項(xiàng)(一種理論是,西側(cè)溫暖的海水可能正在緩慢地涌入該地區(qū))表明調(diào)查的一個(gè)原因,承接上文,符合語境。F項(xiàng)中的“Onetheory”和前文的“investigating