高中英語語法專項(xiàng)講義：介詞

介詞

-“介詞+介詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)

表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等介詞短語有時(shí)可以作為另一個(gè)介詞的賓語，形成“介詞+介詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)。

Hepickupthebookfromunderthedesk.

Theairwasremovedfrombetweenthetwopipes.

FromafterthewaruntilthepresenttimemybrotherandIhavewrittentoeachotherevery

month.

Chooseabookfromamongthese.

Afterabriefthunderstorm,thesunemergedfrombehindtheclouds.

Theoldmanlookedatmefromabovehisspectacles.

Thedevicewasremovedfromoutoftheroomyesterday.

Thetestwillbefinishedinfromfiftyminutestotwohour'stime.

Themachinewasdonebybetweenfortytofiftyworkers.

Jackwillnotgohomeuntilaftertheconcert.

Yourcompositionisquiteallrightexceptforafewspellingmistakes.

SpidersliveallovertheworldexceptintheArctic.

Mr.SmithistoobusytospareanytimeexceptonSunday.

Ourgeneralmanagerseldomgoesanywhereexcepttohisoffice.

二"with/without+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)

“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)稱“with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”，其中賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語邏輯上存在主謂關(guān)

系，通常起狀語作用，表示伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步等，有時(shí)也可以用作定語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)

中的賓語由名詞或代詞充當(dāng)，賓語補(bǔ)足語可以由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、副詞、不定式或分詞充當(dāng)。

1.with+名詞/代詞+名詞

Hediedwithhisdaughteryetaschoolgirl.

2.with+名詞/代詞+形容詞

Heusedtosleepwiththewindowopen.

3.with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語

Helostawalletwithalotofmoneyinit.

4.with+名詞/代詞+副詞

Youcantuneintothebroadcastwiththeswitchon.

5.with+名詞/代詞+不定式

Withhimtogiveusalead,ourteamisboundtoturnoutwell.

6.with+名詞/代詞+分詞

Shelookedinmyfacewithtearsstreamingdownherface.

Hewaslisteningtothemusicwithhiseyesclosed.

“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)用作狀語時(shí)，可以將with省略，成為分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，含義不變。

Almostallmetalsaregoodconductors,withsilverbeingthebest.

=Almostallmetalsaregoodconductors,silverbeingthebest.

“without+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)是“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)的反義。

Anobjectmaybehotwithoutthemotioninitbeingvisible.

三意義相近和容易混淆的幾組介詞

1.當(dāng)“asfor”和“asto”相當(dāng)于“asfaras-beconcerned"時(shí)，解作“至于”、“就…而論”，兩者

可以通用，常位于句首。

Asfornews,Ihavelittletotell.

"asfor”只能解作“至于”、“就…而論”，而“asto”還可以解作“關(guān)于"，相當(dāng)于"about”，

可以位于句中，后面跟名詞、代詞或者賓語從句。

Hesaidnothingastoconditions.

Aquestionarisesastohowweshallrefittheequipment.

“asagainst"解作“與…對(duì)比”、“對(duì)比則為”。

Asagainstlastyear,ourcoaloutputhasincreasedbythreetimes.

against解作“在…映照下”，“以…為背景”。

Itisdifficulttoseeanythingagainstthisbrightlight.

2.介詞from指時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)，表示從什么時(shí)候開始；如果需要進(jìn)一步說明某事到什么時(shí)候結(jié)束，則使用

“from…to…”或者"from…till(until)…”，它可以用于一般現(xiàn)在、過去、將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。

Thelibraryisopenfrom9a.m.to8p.m..

Hestudiesfrommorningtillnight.

“fromachild"和"fromaboy”是習(xí)用短語，不能使用介詞since,而childhood和boyhood

之前既可以使用since,也可以使用from。當(dāng)使用"fromachild"、"fromaboy"、"from（one's）

childhood"等短語時(shí)，句中的謂語既可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可以用一般過去時(shí)。

Hehasbeenblindfromchildhood.

Fromaboyhewasfondofstudy.

3.當(dāng)要表示持續(xù)至說話時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或情況開始于什么時(shí)候時(shí)，必須使用since,而不能使用from。另外，

since后面只能跟某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，不能跟某一段時(shí)間。

表示時(shí)間的“froin+名詞”短語通常與一般時(shí)態(tài)連用，而“since+名詞”短語通常與現(xiàn)在完成（進(jìn)

行）時(shí)連用，當(dāng)談起過去某一時(shí)刻時(shí)，可以與過去完成（進(jìn)行）時(shí)連用。

Iwastherefromeighto'clock,butnobodycame.

]Ihavebeentheresinceeighto'clock,butnobodyhascameyet.

〔當(dāng)since作連詞時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)通常用過去時(shí)，在美國英語中也可以使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

ItisayearsinceIleftthecountryside.

二IthasbeenayearsinceIleftthecountryside.

4.“…ago”只能與一般過去時(shí)連用，"since…ago”與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，其中“since…ago”可以用“for…”

替換，句意不變，而且更為常用。

Ihavebeenheresincesixmonthsago.

=Ihavebeenhereforsixmonths.

5.“sincewhen”結(jié)構(gòu)與完成時(shí)連用，其中when是疑問代詞，解作“什么時(shí)候”。

Sincewhenhaveyouknownhim?

6.Since和for都可以與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)連用。Since表示某事從什么時(shí)候開始；for表示某事

延續(xù)了多長時(shí)間。當(dāng)for表示的一段時(shí)間延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，就和現(xiàn)在完成（進(jìn)行）時(shí)連用，不能和一般現(xiàn)

在時(shí)連用；當(dāng)for表示的一段時(shí)間一直延續(xù)到過去某一時(shí)刻，就和過去完成（進(jìn)行）時(shí)連用。

WehavelivedinHefeifortwentyyears.

Whenshearrived,Ihadbeenwaitingfortwoandahalfhours.

7.as側(cè)重同類或完全相似，既可以作介詞，后接名詞或代詞，也可以作連詞，引導(dǎo)從句。like側(cè)重比較，

不屬于同一類或不完全相似，通常只用作介詞，后接名詞或代詞，不能用作連詞引導(dǎo)從句。

Youareofacooltemperlikeyourfather.（不完全相似）

"IYouareofascoolatemperasyourfather.（完全相似，as是連詞）

〔在非正式英語中，尤其在非正式的美國英語中，like有時(shí)用作連詞，代替as。

HestudiesEnglishveryhard,likehedidChinesesomeyearsago.

另外，在美國俗語中，like相當(dāng)于asif,asthougho

Hestoodtherelikehedidnotknowwhattodo.

8.thinkmuch（little）of…解作"認(rèn)為…很不錯(cuò)（沒有什么了不起）當(dāng)as用作介詞時(shí)，通常解作

“作為”，說明某人的地位、身份、職位或者某物的作用、用途。

Iwillactasinterpreter.

Thiswatchwasgivenmeasabirthdaypresent.

9.beside解作“在…旁邊”,besides解作“除了…之外

Thatseemstobetheadvanceticketofficerightovertherebesidethebakeryshop.

另外，beside還可以表示“與…相比”、“與…無關(guān)”。

Youarequitetallbesideyoursister.

Whatyousaymaybetrueenough,butitisbesidethepoint.

10.besides用作介詞時(shí)，其后面除了接名詞和代詞外，還可以接動(dòng)名詞；如果句中含有動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，則

besides后面可以接動(dòng)詞原形。

Whathashedonebesidesreadingnewspapers?

ThatafternoonIhadnothingtodobesidesanswerletters.

11.besides和except都解作“除…之外”,但是besides表示"包括"，如同with,而except表示“不

包括”,如同withouto

Weallwenttothefilmbesideshim.

?Weallwenttothefilmexcepthim.

-在否定句中，besides可以代替except。

Wehavenoothertoolsbesidesthese.

當(dāng)but用作介詞，表示“除…之外”時(shí)，用法與except相同，只是except比but所表示的排除

性更強(qiáng)，“除…之外”的意思更加明確。but和except經(jīng)常用在every,any,no,none,everywhere,

all,anything,nothing,nobody等詞的后面。

WegotoschooleverydaybutSunday.

Ihavenofriendbutyou.

Wehaveallbutfinishedourwork.

Heisanythingbutafool.

Heisnothingbutanuisance.

but和except后面常跟不帶to或者偶爾帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。

Icouldnotdoanythingbutjustsitthereandhope.

Hedoesnothingbuteat.

注意：doanythingbut和donothingbut后的不定式不能加to。

Nothingremainsforthemtodo,excepttosortuptheletters.

but后面究竟跟不定式還是動(dòng)名詞取決于but前面的那個(gè)動(dòng)詞的要求。

Hethinksofnothingbutmakingmoney.

Helivesfornothingbuttomakemoney.

butfor解作“如果沒有”、“要不是”,用于虛擬語氣的句子中，exceptfor解作“除…之外”，

用于陳述語氣的句子中。

Icouldnothavedoneitbutforyourhelp.

Heisagoodmanexceptforhishottemper.

12.當(dāng)but用作介詞時(shí)，其后的人稱代詞通常要用賓格，但是當(dāng)but后面的人稱代詞緊緊地位于謂語動(dòng)詞

之前時(shí)，習(xí)慣上允許人稱代詞使用主格形式。

AllbutheandIaregoingtotheexhibition.

13.apartfrom二asidefrom,前者是英國英語，后者是美國英語，解作“除…之外”。

當(dāng)apartfrom相當(dāng)于besides時(shí)，往往用在肯定句中。

Hehasahobbyapartfromhisordinarywork.

當(dāng)apartfrom相當(dāng)于except或者exceptfor時(shí)，既可以用在肯定句中，也可以用在否定句中。

Apartfromhim,everybodyishappy.

Thechildrenhardlyseeanyone,apartfromtheirparents.

14.except后面除了跟名詞、代詞之外，還可以跟介詞短語、副詞、不定式以及由that或者when等引導(dǎo)

的賓語從句。

Heusuallygoestoworkonhisbikeexceptonrainydays.

Hehasalwaysbeeningoodhealthexceptquiterecently.

Hecoulddolittleexceptwrite.

Hehasalwaysbeeningoodhealthexceptthathehashadaslightheadacheinthepastfew

days.

Hehasalwaysbeeningoodhealthexceptwhenhehashadas1ightheadache.

Exceptwhereabsolutelynecessary,usenocompulsion.

15.exceptfor與except意義相同，但是exceptfor可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾，而except通常

不放在句首，只能放在句尾。在否定句中，有時(shí)besides可以代替except,但是通常也不放在句首。

YoucanallgoexceptGeorge.

vYoucanallgoexceptforGeorge.

ExceptforGeorge,youcanallgo.

16.、exceptfor解作“除了因?yàn)椤睍r(shí)，不能用except替代，但是含exceptfor的句子可以用含except

that的句子替代。

Yourcompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.

(Yourcompositionisgoodexceptthatthereareafewspellingmistakes.

、except和exceptfor在用法上存在區(qū)別：

(1)如果句子前后有相稱的同類詞，則使用except,否則使用exceptfor。

Theyallwentthereexceptme.

Thepursewasemptyexceptforsomecoppers.

(2)肯定句中常使用exceptfor,否定句中常使用except。

Therewasnooneinthestreetsexceptthepolicemanonduty.

Thestreetsweredesertedexceptforthepolicemanonduty.

17.excepting與except的詞義相同，但是except不能用于句首，而excepting只用于句首或者用于not,

without,always等詞后面。

Exceptinghisson,theyareallright.

Allmybrotheraremarried,notexceptingtheyoungest.

Allmybrotherscomehereeveryday,alwaysexceptingtheyoungest.

18.between一般指“在兩者之間"，among(st)一般指“三者或三者以上之間”。

Thefortunewasdividedbetweenthetwobrothers.

Thethreegirlssharetheroomamongthem.

Amongallthereasonshegaveforhisaction,therewasonlyonethatwecouldaccept.

among可以用來表示“之一”。

Heisamongmybestfriends.

當(dāng)句中使用divide和share之類的詞，如果后面跟著幾個(gè)單數(shù)名詞或代詞，則用between；如果

后面是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，則用between或者among都可以。

Hesharedhispropertybetweenhiswife,hisdaughterandhissister.

Hedividedhismoneybetweenhisfivesons.

Hedividedhismoneyamonghisfivesons.

19.當(dāng)談及三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中間的每兩個(gè)的關(guān)系時(shí)，用between。

SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Italy,AustriaandGermany.

20.showsb.roundsomeplace和showsb.aroundsomeplace都解作“帶…參觀某處”。其中round

表示動(dòng)態(tài)事物的周圍，多用于應(yīng)該英國英語中；around表示靜態(tài)事物的周圍，多用于美國英語中。

21.till和until用法基本相同。但是till較為普通，until較為正式；till通常不能用于句首，until

可以用于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

Untilthelastminuteofthematchwekeptonplayingenergetically.

till（until）用在肯定句中，指由起點(diǎn)至終點(diǎn)的整段時(shí)間，句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，而

不用瞬間動(dòng)詞（若用瞬間動(dòng)詞，則使用by或before）。

IshallfinishtheworkbeforeFriday.

till（until）用在否定句或具有否定含義的句中，指由起點(diǎn)至終點(diǎn)的整段時(shí)間內(nèi)的任何一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，

句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用瞬間動(dòng)詞，而不用延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。在這種情況下，有時(shí)可以用before取代tilkuntil）。

Itdidnotstopraininguntilmidnight.

Herefusedtoleavetheofficebeforesix.

有時(shí)，延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與till（until）既可以連用在肯定句中，也可以連用在否定句中，但是意思不同。

HewillbeheretillSunday.（他將在這里一直呆到星期天。）

"HewillnotbeheretillSunday.（他要到星期天才來這里。）

;比較：

Don'tgoouttillfour.（4點(diǎn)以前不可以外出。）

"Don'twaittillfour.（不要等到4點(diǎn)鐘。）

22.1如果要表示“某一瞬間事件的若干時(shí)間以后”，應(yīng)該使用“若干時(shí)間+after+某一瞬間時(shí)間”，而不能

使用“after+若干時(shí)間+of+某一瞬間事件”。

twoyearsafterhisgraduation（V）

]aftertwoyearsofhisgraduation（X）

:但是，對(duì)于延續(xù)性的行為，可以使用“after+若干時(shí)間+of+某一瞬間事件”。

23.after通常指時(shí)間的先后次序，behind通常指位置的先后次序。

Wewilldiscussthatmatterafterdinner.

]Thegarageisbehindthehouse.

〔after除了表示時(shí)間“在…以后”之外，還能夠表示順序“跟在…后面”；有時(shí)也可以表示位置

“在…后面”，意義與behind相同，兩者可以互換，但是后者使用較廣。

Heranafterthebus,butcouldnotcatchit.

Pleaseshutthedoorafteryou.

24.behind通常用來表示位置“在…后面”，也可以引申為“在…背后”、“落后于”、“作…后盾”。

Don'tspeakillofamanbehindhisback.

HeisbehindherinEnglish.

Youcan'tsetupabusinessnowadayswithoutmoneybehindyou.

behind有時(shí)表示時(shí)間“晚于…”、"遲于…”,但是常與times,schedule連用。

Hearrivedtenminutesbehindtime.

Owingtotherecentbadweather,theworkisseveralweeksbehindschedule.

25.on指和其他東西接觸在其上邊，反義詞是beneathoup解作“向…上面"，反義詞是down。over和

above表示一物高于另一物，兩物并不接觸，但是over解作“在…正上方"，above解作“在…上方”。

over的反義詞是under,above的反義詞是below0

26.表示“覆蓋在…上面”時(shí)，不能使用above,必須使用over,此時(shí)兩物相互接觸。

Shespreadaclothoverthetable.

27.aafterall…”、“forall…”和“withall…”解作“雖然…”、“盡管…”，用法基本相同,可互

換。

Afterallouradvice,heinsistsongoing.

Forallyourexplanations,Iunderstandnobetterthanbefore.

Withallhisfaults,welikehimstill.

在“forall”后面還可以接從句。

Forallheboastssomuch,hedoesverylittle.

四分詞介詞

由現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的介詞叫作分詞介詞。

concerning（關(guān)于）considering（考慮至（]）excepting

regarding（關(guān)于）including（包括）respecting（關(guān)于）

IamafraidIcangiveyounoinformationregardinghiswhereabouts.

其中，considering后面可以跟名詞從句。

Theyhavedonewellconsideringthattheyhavenoexperience.

五常用的短語介詞

1.表示“因?yàn)椤薄ⅰ坝捎凇钡亩陶Z介詞：

becauseofonaccountofowingto

duetothankstoasaresultof

inconsequenceofasaconsequenceofbyreasonof

byvirtueofinvirtueofbydintof

inconsiderationofinviewofonthescoreof

byrightofonthegroundof

上述短語介詞短語一般用作原因狀語，只有dueto常用作表語。

Thetrainarrivedlatebecauseofthesnowstorm,

Thepicnicwasheldinthegymonaccountoftherain.

Owingtorisingcosts,busfareswillbeincreasedfromMondaynext.

Theomissionisduetooversight.

Thankstoyourhelpweweresuccessful.

Twopeoplehavealreadydiedasaresultoftheaccident,andthelivesofseveralothers

areindanger.

Theriverhasriseninconsequenceoftheheavyrain.

Asaconsequenceofthevariousinfluencesmentioned,inactualspeechmanywordsinEnglish

havenofixedaccent.

Wewonbyreasonofgoodteamwork.

Plasticbagsareusefulforholdingmanykindsoffood,byvirtueoftheirclearness,

toughness,andlowcost.

Bydintofmuchtryingwefinallyachievedourobject.

Theydidn'tgivehimheavyworkinconsiderationofhisyouth.

Inviewofthebiggapexistingbetweenusandtheadvancedcountriesinscienceand

technology,wemustlosenotimeandsparenoeffortincatchingup.

Hewasexcusedfromattendanceatthemeetingonthescoreofillness.

Hewasbestentitledtothehonorbyrightofworth.

Weproposedapostponementofthemeetingonthegroundoftoofewpersonsbeingpresent.

2.表示“關(guān)于”的短語介詞：

inrelationtowithrelationtoinreferencetowithreferenceto

inregardtowithregardtoinrespecttowithrespectto

inconnectionwithasregardsasconcernsasforasto

Whatdidyousayinrelationtowhathappenedyesterday?

Iamwritingwithreferencetoyourlastletter.

Inregardtothetesttomorrow,itispostponed.

Inrespecttoyourvisitwithus,wehopeyoucancomebeforeSeptember.

Inconnectionwithhismatter,Ihavenoopinion.

Hewasalwayssecretiveasregardshisfamily.

Asconcernsthatmatter,Ishouldliketosayafewwords.

3.表示“根據(jù)”、“按照”的短語介詞：

accordingtoinaccordancewithinthelightofintermsof

incompliancewithinconformitywithinconformitytopursuantto

agreeablytoinlinewith

“inaccordwith”和"inagreementwith”解作"與"致”，常用作表語。"accordingas”

是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語從句；“accordingto”是短語介詞，后接名詞或名詞從句。

“inaccordancewith”具有兩種含義：解作“按照"時(shí)，與accordingto意義相同，但是語

氣較重，常用作狀語；解作“與…一致”時(shí)，不能用accordingto替代，常用作表語。

Theywerecommendedorcriticizedaccordingastheyhaddonetheirwork.

<Theywerecommendedorcriticizedaccordingtotheirwork.

Theywerecommendedorcriticizedaccordingtohowtheyhaddonetheirwork.

ThisisdoneinaccordancewiththeinstructionoftheParty.

]ThisisdoneaccordingtotheinstructionoftheParty.

-Whathedidisquiteinaccordancewiththelaw.

Accordingtotheweatherforecast,weshallhaveraintomorrow.

Everythinghasbeendoneinaccordancewiththerules.

Inthelightofrecentdiscoveriesitmaybenecessarytoreviseourprevioustheory.

Hethinksofeverythingintermsofmoney.

Incompliancewiththereaders'suggestion,wehavemadeathoroughrevisionofthe

bookandcutitbyhalf.

Allplansaremadeinconformitywiththeviewsofthemajority.

Inconformitytocustom,theoccasionwasmarkedwithgreatceremony.

Bothpartiesactedpursuanttotheiragreement.

Inlinewithage-oldtradition,weobservetheSpringFestivalwithgreaterceremony

thanNewYear'sDay.

4.表示“與…一致”的短語介詞：

inaccordwithinaccordancewithinconformitywith

inlinewithinagreementwithinkeepingwith

Hisactionsarenotinaccordwithhiswords.

Thesigningoftheagreementisinconformitywiththecommondesireandinterestsof

thetwopeoples.

Behavioratschoolpartiesmustbeinlinewithschoolrules.

Hisopinionisinagreementwithmine.

Mary'shairstylewasinkeepingwiththelatestfashion.

5.表示“除…之外”的短語介詞：

（1）解作“除…之外（不包括…在內(nèi)）"：exceptfor,withtheexceptionof,exclusiveof,

totheexclusionof,shortof,outsideofo

Heisagoodmanexceptforhishottemper.

WiththeexceptionofHarry,alltheboyswereanxioustogo.

Thetrainnumberstwentycars,exclusiveofthebaggageandmailcars.

Neverconcentrateallyourattentionononeortwoproblems,totheexclusionofothers.

Hewilldoanythingshortofmurdertoachievehisends.

Outsideofthisfact,Iknownothing.

（2）解作“除…之外（還有）“：inadditionto,ontopof,overandabove0

MargaretisstudyingFrenchinadditiontoGerman.

Hewritesforthenewspaperontopofhisregularjob.

Overandabovebeinghighlyintelligent,thestudentsareallveryindustrious.

6.表示“代表”、“以…名義（資格）”的短語介詞：

onbehalfofinbehalfofinthepersonof

astherepresentativeofinthenameofinthecharacterof

Johnacceptedthechampionshipawardonbehalfoftheteam.

Iamspeakinginthepersonofourclass.

Johnwasgiventhechampionshipawardastherepresentativeoftheteam.

Iarrestyouinthenameoflaw.

Iwenttoseehiminthecharacterofafriend,notinthatofalawyer.

7.表示“為了…的利益”的短語介詞：forthesakeof,forthebenefitof,forthewelfareof,

intheinterest（s）ofo

Tomwalkstoworkforthesakeofsavingafewdollars.

Ishouldliketorepeatmyopeningremarksforthebenefitofthosewhojustcamein.

Heworkshardforthewelfareofthenation.

Hedidhisbestintheinterestsofhisfirm.

8.表示“以…為代價(jià)（犧牲）”的短語介詞：attheexpenseof,atthecostof,atthepriceof,

atthesacrificeof,bythesacrificeofo

Thosewhotrytoprofitattheexpenseofotherswillcometonogoodend.

Josephmarriedthewomanatthecostofeverythingheoncehelddear.

Theywonthebattle,butatthepriceofmanylives.

Hesavedheratthesacrificeofhislife.

9.表示“為答復(fù)…”、“為響應(yīng)…”的短語介詞：inanswerto,inreplyto,inresponseto。

Theelectricianwentatonceinanswertothephonecall.

Whatdidyousayinreplytotheboy'squestion?

TheChinesepeopleareworkinghardinresponsetotheParty'scalltospeedupsocialist

construction.

10.表示“為報(bào)答（報(bào)復(fù)）…”、“為酬謝…”的短語介詞：inreturnfor,inrecognitionof0

Ihithiminreturnforthetimehehitme.

Hewaspresentedwithachequeinrecognitionofhisfortyyears'servicetothecompany.

11.表示“為了證明…”的短語介詞：inproof,insupportof,injustificationof0

Heproducedevidenceinproofofhisinnocence.

Hecouldproducenoevidenceinsupportofhisallegation.

Injustificationofhisactionshepleadedthathewasmerelyobeyingorders.

12.表示“為…辯解（辯護(hù)）”的短語介詞：inexplanationof,indefenseofo

Haveyouanythingtosayinexplanationofyourconduct?

Icanfindnothingtosayindefenseofhisaction.

13.表示“懷著…的希望"、"指望"的短語介詞:inhopesof,inthehopeof,inexpectationofo

TheMayorwasinhopesofhavingagooddayfortheparade.

Heatealightlunchinexpectationofagooddinner.

14.表示“代替”的短語介詞：inplaceof,insteadof,inlieuof,insubstitutionfor。

Wemayuseplasticsinplaceofwoodormetal.

Theywentthereonfootinsteadofbybus.

Themagicianappearedontheprograminlieuofasinger.

Weeatplentyofvegetablesinsubstitutionforfruit.

15.表示“借助于"的短語介詞：bymeansof,withthehelpof,withtheaidof,bytheuseofo

Hemadehisfortunebymeansofsmuggling.

Deafanddumbpeopletalktoeachotherwiththehelpoftheirfingers.

Withtheaidoftheteacherhemadegreatprogress.

Bytheuseofmonthlypayments,peoplecanbuymorethantheycouldmanyyeasago.

16.表示“為向…表示敬意”、”為紀(jì)念（慶祝）…”的短語介詞：inhonorof,intributeto,inmemory

of,tothememoryofo

Afarewellpartywasgiveninhonoroftheambassador.

DuringBellsfuneralallthetelephoneinNorthAmericaweresilencedintributetohim.

ThestatuewaserectedinmemoryofGuoMoruo.

17.表示“為了…的目的”的短語介詞：withtheaimof,forthepurposeofo

Heinvestedhismoneywiththeaimofprovidinghimselfwithanincomewhenheretired.

HewenttoAustriaforthepurposeofstudyingmusic.

18.表示“尋找"、"尋求”的短語介詞：insearchof,inquestof,inpursuitofo

ManymenwentWestinsearchofgold.

Thehunterstayedinthewoodsalldayinquestofgame.

Heisinpursuitofpleasure.

19.表示“受…支配（擺布）"、“在…控制下”的短語介詞：atthemercyof,underthecontrolof,

underthethumbofo

Don'tbeatthemercyofyouremotions.

AllschoolsareunderthecontroloftheMinistryofEducation.

Heisunderthethumbofhiswife.

20.表示“在…附近”、”接近于（大約）”的短語介詞：

intheneighborhoodofinthevicinityofonthevergeof

onthepointofuponthepointofcloseto

onthebrinkofwithinastone'sthrowofwithinaninchof

Helostasumintheneighborhoodof￡500.

Heisonthevergeof90.

Wewereonthepointoftelephoningyouwhenyourtelegramarrived.

Helivesclosetothestation.

Thefactoryisonthebrinkofbankruptcy.

Thehousewaswithinastone'sthrowofthesea.

Johnwaswithinaninchofdrowningbeforehewaspulledoutofthewater.

21.表示次序、時(shí)間或位置“在…之前”的短語介詞：

aheadofprevioustopriortoinadvanceof

infrontofin（the）faceofinthepresenceof

Bettyfinishedhertestaheadoftheothers.

Ivisitedafriendpriortomydeparture.

Intheparade,thebandwillmarchinadvanceofthefootballteam.

Abigtreestoodinfrontofthebuilding.

Whatcouldhedointhefaceofthesedifficulties?

Hewascalminthepresenceofdanger.

22.表示"不顧"、“雖然”的短語介詞：regardlessof,inspiteof,in（the）faceofo

Hewentoutregardlessofherobjections.

InspiteofthebadstormJohndeliveredhisnewspapersontime.

Hemaintained,inthefaceofallthefacts,thatthecountrywasinastrongeconomicposition.

23.表示“在…幌子（偽裝、掩護(hù)）下”、“以…為借口”的短語介詞:

intheguiseofundertheguiseofunderthemaskof

under(the)coverofunderthepretenceofonthepretextof

underthepretextofuponthepretextofunderthecloakof

Heisalwayspromotinghisprivateinterestsintheguiseofservingthepublic.

Hediditunderthemaskofcharity.

Theenemyattackedusin(the)coverofdarkness.

Hegotaconsiderablesumofmoneyoutofunsuspectingpeopleunderthepretenceof

collectingfortheblind.

Hedidnotcomeonthepretextofillness.

24.表示“緊跟…之后"的短語介詞：ontheheelsof,inthewakeof0

Onedisasterfollowedcloseontheheelsofanother.

Manytroublesfollowinthewakeofwar.

25.表示“掌握在…手中”的短語介詞：inthehandsof,inthepossessionof。

Thedocumentsareinthehandsofmysolicitor.

Allmydeedsareinthepossessionofmysolicitor.

26.表示“需要…”的短語介詞：inwantof,inneedofo

Theyareinwantofthenecessariesoflife.

Areyouinneedofhelp?

27.表示“居…的首位"、“在…的最前面”的短語介詞：ontheheadof,onthetopofo

Heisontheheadofhisclass.

IHeisonthetopof