河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE27河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）考生留意：1.本試卷共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將各題答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案C。1.WhenwillTomcome?A.4:50.B.4:30.C.4:20.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Atthemarket.3.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hestayedathometalkingwithhisfriend.B.Hewatchedtelevisionwithhisfriend.C.Hewenttoseehisschoolmate.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemusthandinareportaboutthemuseum.B.Hehasalreadyvisitedthemuseum.C.Heistoobusytogowiththewoman.5.Whyisthemanunabletoanswerthewoman'squestionsnow?A.Hedoesn'thavetime.B.Heistootiredafterclass.C.Heisshopping.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofworkinginIT?A.Theworkisnotgood.B.Theworkisveryhard.C.Theworkhastwoadvantages.7.Whatsuggestiondoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Don'tworkinIT.B.Avoidhighbloodpressure.C.Takebettercareofhimself.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Workmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Fatheranddaughter.9.WhydidthemangotoFortaleza?A.Togoonabusinesstrip.B.Toenjoythescenery.C.Todosomeshopping.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aperformance.B.Agreatmusician.C.Arockband.11.Whydidthemannamehisband“TheSand”?A.Sandcancoolonedown.B.Sandistoughandindependent.C.Sandissmallandcannotbeshaped.12.Whydidthebandgetanewmemberyearsago?A.Oneofitsmembersdied.B.Itsaudiencebecamelarger.C.Themarketforrockmusicwasgrowing.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhereisDonnynow?A.Athome.B.Onhisway.C.Inacinema.14.WhydidDonnyfailtoanswerthephoneat8:00?A.Hisphonewasn'ton.B.Hewasbusy.C.Hedidn'thearit.15.WhatwasDonnydoingat9:00?A.Hewasbuyingaticket.B.Hewaswatchingafilm.CHewasdrinkingcoffee.16.WhatdidDonnytalkaboutwiththemanager?A.Makingacomplaint.B.Applyingforajob.C.Gettinghismoneyback.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakertreatpaintingasinthebeginning?A.Ajob.B.Adream.C.Ahobby.18.Howoftendoesthespeakerpaintnow?A.Threedaysaweek.B.Fivedaysaweek.C.Everyevening.19.Whendidthespeakerstartherpainting?A.Inthehighschool.B.Inthemiddleschool.C.Intheprimaryschool.20.Whatwillthelistenersdoafterwatchingavideo?A.Haveacoffeebreak.B.Leaveforanotherplace.C.Learntopaint.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATakeyourselfonanexcitingtripjustbyreadingoneofthesestories.TheBoyWhoBikedtheWorldbyAlastairHumphreysFeelingthattheremustbemoretolifethanschool,Tomsetsoutonajourneytocyclearoundtheworld.Inthefirstpartofhisadventures,hetravelsfromtheUKthroughEurope,andallthewaytothetipofSouthAfrica.VoyageoftheSparrowhawkbyNatashaFarrantAftertheFirstWorldWar,twochildrensetoutonajourneytofindtheirlostfamily.CanLottiandBenmakeitallthewayacrosstheEnglishChanneltoFranceaboardaboatwiththepoliceontheirtrail?Thisisawonderfulstoryoffriendship,braveryandhope.GoSaddletheSeabyJoanAikenWhen12-year-oldorphanFelixisgivenaparcelincludingaletterfromhisdeadfather,hedecidestoleavehisunhappylifeinSpainandtrackdownhislong-lostEnglishfamily.Heheadstothecoast-butthejourneyacrossmountainsandseasdoesn'tproveeasy.RacetotheFrozenNorthbyCatherineJohnsonTellingthereal-lifestoryofexplorerMatthewHenson,thisisthetaleofanordinarymanwhohasthechancetosetoutonawonderfuladventure.WhenhemeetsRobertPeary,HensonsoondecidestosetoutonajourneytotheNorthPole.1.WhydidLottiandBenstarttheirtrip?A.Theythoughtlifewasmorethanschool.B.Theytriedtogetbacktheirlovedpets.C.Theyhopedtofindtheirlostfamily.D.TheywantedtoexploretheNorthPole.2.WhichbookiswrittenbyCatherineJohnson?A.TheBoyWhoBikedtheWorld.B.VoyageoftheSparrowhauwk.C.GoSaddletheSea.D.RacetotheFrozenNorth.3.Whatdothesefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareallaboutadventure.B.Theyareallforchildren.C.Theyareallwrittenbyancientwriters.D.TheyarewrittenduringWorldWarⅡ.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四本關(guān)于冒險(xiǎn)的書(shū)，通過(guò)閱讀其中任何一個(gè)故事，能讓自己踏上一段激烈人心的旅程。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)VoyageoftheSparrowhawkbyNatashaFarrant中“AftertheFirstWorldWar,twochildrensetoutonajourneytofindtheirlostfamily.（第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后，兩個(gè)孩子踏上了找尋失散家人的旅程。）”可知，Lotti和Ben起先他們的旅行，希望找到失散的家人。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“RacetotheFrozenNorthbyCatherineJohnson（凱瑟琳·約翰遜著作的《奔向冰天雪地的北方》）”可知，凱瑟琳·約翰遜寫(xiě)了《奔向冰天雪地的北方》這本書(shū)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“Takeyourselfonanexcitingtripjustbyreadingoneofthesestories.（通過(guò)閱讀其中的一個(gè)故事，讓自己踏上一段激烈人心的旅程。）”；TheBoyWhoBikedtheWorldbyAlastairHumphreys中“Inthefirstpartofhisadventures,hetravelsfromtheUKthroughEurope,andallthewaytothetipofSouthAfrica.（在他冒險(xiǎn)的第一部分，他從英國(guó)到歐洲，一路旅行到南非。）”；VoyageoftheSparrowhawkbyNatashaFarrant中“AftertheFirstWorldWar,twochildrensetoutonajourneytofindtheirlostfamily.（第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后，兩個(gè)孩子踏上了找尋失散家人的旅程。）”；GoSaddletheSeabyJoanAiken中“Heheadstothecoast-butthejourneyacrossmountainsandseasdoesn’tproveeasy.（他前往海邊——但穿越山脈和海洋的旅程并不簡(jiǎn)潔。）”；以及RacetotheFrozenNorthbyCatherineJohnson中“thisisthetaleofanordinarymanwhohasthechancetosetoutonawonderfuladventure（講解并描述了一個(gè)一般人有機(jī)會(huì)起先一場(chǎng)奇異的冒險(xiǎn)）”可知，這四本書(shū)它們都是關(guān)于冒險(xiǎn)的。故選A項(xiàng)。BHundredsofyearsagotherewasakingofScotlandwhosenamewasRobertBruce.ThekingofEnglandwasatwarwithhim,andhadledagreatarmyintoScotland,Bruceledhispeopleinthedefenseoftheircountry.BattleafterbattlehehadfoughtwithEngland.SixtimesBrucehadledhisbravelittlearmyagainsthisenemies.Sixtimeshismenhadbeenbeaten.AtlastthearmyofScotlandwasentirelydefeated,andthekingwasforcedtohideinthewoodsandinlonelyplacesamongthemountains.Onerainyday,Brucelayinacave,tiredandfeltsickatheart,readytogiveupallhope,seemedtohimthattherewasnouseforhimtotrytodoanythingmore.Ashelaythinking,henoticedaspideroverhishead,gettingreadytoweaveherweb.Hewatchedherassheworkedslowlyandwithgreatcare.Sixtimesshetriedtothrowherinthreadfromoneedgeofthecavewalltoanother.Sixtimesherthreadfellshort.“Poorthing!”saidBruce.“You,too,knowwhatit’sliketofailsixtimesinarow.”Butthespiderdidnotlosehope.Withstillmorecare,shewasreadytotryforaseventhtime.Robertalmostforgothisowntroubleashewatched,fascinated.Sheswungherselfoutontheslenderthread.Wouldshefailagain?No!Thethreadwascarriedsafelytothecaveall,andfastenedthere.“Yes!”criedBruce“I,too,willtryaseventhtime!”Sohegotupandcalledhismentogether.Hetoldthemofhisplans,andsentthemoutwithhopefulmessagestocheerthediscouragedpeople.Soontherewasanarmyofbravemenaroundhim.Aseventhbattlewasfought,andthistimetheKingofEnglandwasforcedtoretreatbacktohisowncountry.4.HowdidKingBrucefeelafterhisarmywasbeatensixtimes?A.Easy. B.Cheerful. C.Angry. D.Hopeless.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“slender”inparagraph6mean?A.Thick. B.Thin. C.Short. D.Smooth.6.WhatencouragedKingBrucetofightagain?A.Hispowerfularmy.B.People’sserviceandsupport.C.Aidfromneighboringcountries.D.Thespider’seffortstoweavetheweb.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Nevergiveup.B.Thingsofonekindcometogether.C.Asonedoorcloses,anotherdooropens.D.Allthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomething.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過(guò)講解并描述蘇格蘭的布魯斯國(guó)王六戰(zhàn)六敗，受到蜘蛛織網(wǎng)不放棄的啟發(fā)，第七次最終勝利戰(zhàn)勝了英格蘭國(guó)王的入侵，保衛(wèi)了自己國(guó)家的故事?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Onerainyday,Brucelayinacave,tiredandfeltsickatheart,readytogiveupallhope,seemedtohimthattherewasnouseforhimtotrytodoanythingmore.（一天下雨天，布魯斯躺在一個(gè)山洞里，乏累不堪，心里特別難過(guò)。他打算放棄一切希望，好像覺(jué)得再做任何事情都沒(méi)有用了。）”可知，布魯斯國(guó)王的軍隊(duì)被戰(zhàn)勝六次后，他感到無(wú)望。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第六段中“Sheswungherselfoutontheslenderthread.Wouldshefailagain?No!Thethreadwascarriedsafelytothecaveall,andfastenedthere.（她在_____網(wǎng)線上縱身一躍。她會(huì)再次失敗嗎？不！這根網(wǎng)線被平安地運(yùn)到網(wǎng)里，并牢牢地系在那里。）”可知，蜘蛛不畏懼失敗，用纖細(xì)的絲結(jié)網(wǎng)，最終勝利。所以劃線詞slender意為“瘦長(zhǎng)的，纖細(xì)的”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段中“Wouldshefailagain?No!Thethreadwascarriedsafelytothecaveall,andfastenedthere.（她會(huì)再次失敗嗎？不！這根網(wǎng)線被平安地運(yùn)到網(wǎng)里，并牢牢地系在那里。）”以及第七段中““Yes!”criedBruce,“I,too,willtryaseventhtime!”（“是??！”布魯斯叫道，“我也要試第七次!”）”可知，蜘蛛織網(wǎng)的努力促使布魯斯國(guó)王再次參戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“SixtimesBrucehadledhisbravelittlearmyagainsthisenemies.Sixtimeshismenhadbeenbeaten.（布魯斯率領(lǐng)他那支英勇的小軍隊(duì)六次對(duì)抗敵人。六次他的人被戰(zhàn)勝了。）”；第七段中““Yes!”criedBruce,“I,too,willtryaseventhtime!”（“是?。　辈剪斔菇械?，“我也要試第七次!”）”；以及最終一段中“Aseventhbattlewasfought,andthistimetheKingofEnglandwasforcedtoretreatbacktohisowncountry.（第七場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役打響了，這一次英國(guó)國(guó)王被迫撤退回自己的國(guó)家。）”可知，文章通過(guò)講解并描述了布魯斯國(guó)王六戰(zhàn)六敗，受到蜘蛛織網(wǎng)不放棄的啟發(fā)，第七次最終勝利保衛(wèi)了自己國(guó)家的故事，告知了我們“永不放棄”的道理。故選A項(xiàng)。CDoesjustthinkingaboutsteppinginsideagymmakeyoufeelexhausted?Ifso,here'ssomegoodnews.Oneoftheworld'slargeststudiesonphysicalactivityhasfoundthatdoinghouseholdchores（家務(wù)事）canbejustaseffectiveasrunningorworkingoutwhenitcomestocuttingyourriskofheartdiseaseandextendingyourlife.Ateamofresearchersdiscoveredthatpeopleenjoyedthesamehealthbenefitswhethertheyweregoingtothegym,walkingtoworkordoinghouseholdchores.Indeed,performing30minutesofanykindofphysicalactivityfivedaysaweekcouldreduceyourriskofdyingfromanycausesby28%andyourrateofheartdiseaseby20%.And,again,thepositiveeffectswerethesamewhethersomeonewasworkingout,walkingordoingchoressuchasmoppingthefloororgardening.“Walkingforatleast30minutesmostdaysoftheweekhasamassivebenefit,andhighlevelsofphysicalactivityisassociatedwithevenlowerriskofillness,"leadresearcherScottLearsaidaboutthefindings.“Byincludinglowandmiddle-incomecountriesinthisstudy,wewereabletodeterminethebenefitofactivitiessuchashavinganactivejoborevendoinghouseholdchores,”Learsaid.Henotedthat1in4peopleworldwidedonotget30minutesofexerciseaday,fivetimesaweek.Interestinglyenough,theCanadianstudyfoundnoceilingonthebenefitsofexerciseand"norisksassociatedwithextremelyhighlevelsofphysicalactivity",definedasmorethan2,500minutes,ormorethan41hoursperweek.Learsaidthatthosewhospentmorethan750minuteswalkingquicklyeachweekloweredtheirriskofprematuredeathby36%.8.Whatcanweinferaboutthestudyfromparagraph1?A.Womenshoulddomorehouseworkthanmen.B.Doinghouseworkmayhelptolivelongandhealthy.C.Peoplewithheartdiseasehadbetterdolesshousework.D.Doinghouseworkmakespeoplefeellesstiredthangoingtogym.9.WhatdoesScottLearsayabouthisfindingsonhealth?A.Sittinglongwilltakethehealthaway.B.Theexerciseswillmakelifemeaningful.C.It'sagoodideatowalklessthan30minutesaday.D.Highlevelsofphysicalactivitycanreducediseaserisk.10.Whatisthestudyinthetextmainlysupportedby?A.Statistics. B.Voices.C.Examples. D.Experiments.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ExerciseMovesforBetterStrengthandBalanceB.RisksFromHighLevelsofPhysicalActivityC.HouseholdChoresMayBeaSecrettoLivingLongerD.TheTwoFactorsDeterminetheBenefitofActivities【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了探討發(fā)覺(jué)，做家務(wù)和體育熬煉一樣，能夠降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和延長(zhǎng)壽命。【8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Oneoftheworld'slargeststudiesonphysicalactivityhasfoundthatdoinghouseholdchores（家務(wù)事）canbejustaseffectiveasrunningorworkingoutwhenitcomestocuttingyourriskofheartdiseaseandextendingyourlife.(世界上最大的關(guān)于體育活動(dòng)的探討之一發(fā)覺(jué)，在降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和延長(zhǎng)壽命方面，做家務(wù)和跑步或熬煉一樣有效。)”可推知，做家務(wù)和熬煉一樣有助于長(zhǎng)壽和健康。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段““Walkingforatleast30minutesmostdaysoftheweekhasamassivebenefit,andhighlevelsofphysicalactivityisassociatedwithevenlowerriskofillness,"leadresearcherScottLearsaidaboutthefindings.(首席探討員ScottLear對(duì)探討結(jié)果表示：“一周中大多數(shù)日子至少步行30分鐘會(huì)有很大好處，而高水平的體育熬煉甚至可以降低患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”)”可知，ScottLear認(rèn)為高水平的體育活動(dòng)可以降低患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Indeed,performing30minutesofanykindofphysicalactivityfivedaysaweekcouldreduceyourriskofdyingfromanycausesby28%andyourrateofheartdiseaseby20%.(事實(shí)上，每周熬煉五天，每次30分鐘，任何形式的體育活動(dòng)都能使你因任何緣由死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低28%，心臟病發(fā)病率降低20%。)”、第四段“Henotedthat1in4peopleworldwidedonotget30minutesofexerciseaday,fivetimesaweek.(他指出，全世界四分之一的人每周熬煉五次，每天熬煉30分鐘。)”和最終一段“Interestinglyenough,theCanadianstudyfoundnoceilingonthebenefitsofexerciseand"norisksassociatedwithextremelyhighlevelsofphysicalactivity",definedasmorethan2,500minutes,ormorethan41hoursperweek.Learsaidthatthosewhospentmorethan750minuteswalkingquicklyeachweekloweredtheirriskofprematuredeathby36%.(好玩的是，加拿大的這項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué)，熬煉的好處沒(méi)有上限，而且“極高水平的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)也沒(méi)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。超高水平的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)定義為每周超過(guò)2500分鐘，或超過(guò)41小時(shí)。李爾說(shuō)，那些每周快速步行超過(guò)750分鐘的人將他們過(guò)早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了36%。)”可推斷，文章中探討的主要依據(jù)是數(shù)據(jù)。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Oneoftheworld'slargeststudiesonphysicalactivityhasfoundthatdoinghouseholdchores（家務(wù)事）canbejustaseffectiveasrunningorworkingoutwhenitcomestocuttingyourriskofheartdiseaseandextendingyourlife.(世界上最大的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于體育活動(dòng)的探討發(fā)覺(jué)，在降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和延長(zhǎng)壽命方面，做家務(wù)和跑步或熬煉一樣有效。)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了探討發(fā)覺(jué)，做家務(wù)和體育熬煉一樣，能夠降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和延長(zhǎng)壽命。所以“HouseholdChoresMayBeaSecrettoLivingLonger(做家務(wù)可能是長(zhǎng)壽的秘訣)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。DMorethanhalfoftheworld’swildtigerpopulationarethreatenedbyroadsbuiltdangerouslyclosetotheirhabitats,andgiantprojectsplannedacrossAsiacouldputtigersatevengreaterrisk.Tigers’habitatshavereducedby40%since2006,leavingfewerthan4000oftheanimalsinthewild.Thoselivingnearroadsareparticularlyattackedbecausetheyareatriskofbeinghitbyvehicles,havemoredifficultiesfindingfood,andareeasiertobekilled.Usingaglobaldataset,NeilCarterattheUniversityofMichiganandhiscolleaguescalculatedthatthetiger’scurrentrange,whichmostlydistributedinsouthandsouth-eastAsia,contains134,000kilometresofroads.Theyestimatedthat57%oftigerslivewithin5kilometresoftheseroads,whichisconsidereddangerouslyclose.Thisclosetoroadscouldbedecreasingtheworld’stigerpopulationbymorethan20%,theresearchers’modellingsuggests.Nearly24,000kilometresofnewroadsareplannedforconstructionwithinthetiger’srangeby2050,whichwillmakeitevenharderfortheanimalstoavoidtheserisks.“Newroadscouldbemademoretiger-friendlybybuildingthemawayfromkeytigerpopulations,banningovernighttraffic,installingroadsignstowarndriversofthepresenceoftigers,andbuildingtiger-friendlycrossingssothatwildanimalscansafelycrossforestsonbothsidesoftheroad,”saysCarter.ThesehavebeenbuiltonroadsandhighwaysinMalaysia.In2010,all13countrieswithwildtigerpopulationscommittedtoaplantodoublethetigerpopulationby2024.By2024,researchsuggestedthattheglobalwildtigerpopulationstoppeddecliningandhadincreased.“Buildingtiger-friendlyroadswillbecrucialtoreachingthisgoal,”saysCarter.12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlyshow?A.Tigersareendangeredspecies.B.Tigersaretoolazytogoaround.C.Tigers’habitatshavebeenthreatened.D.Thetigers’populationhasdecreasedalot.13.What’sCarter’ssuggestionaboutincreasingthetigerpopulation?A.Buildingfewernewroads.B.Buildingprotectionareasfortigers.C.Buildingspecialroadsfortigerstogothrough.D.Improvingthelivingconditionsoftigers.14.WhatattitudedoesCarterhavetowardsthefutureoftigers?A.Worried. B.Optimistic.C.Conservative. D.Critical.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Howtoprotecttigers.B.Howtobuildtiger-friendlyroads.C.Wildtigerpopulationwillincrease.D.Road-buildingthreatensthetigers’habitats.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.D【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了道路修建威逼到了老虎的棲息地這一現(xiàn)象。探討人員建議修建特地的道路供老虎通過(guò)，削減危急?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段中“Tigers’habitatshavereducedby40%since2006,leavingfewerthan4000oftheanimalsinthewild.Thoselivingnearroadsareparticularlyattackedbecausetheyareatriskofbeinghitbyvehicles,havemoredifficultiesfindingfood,andareeasiertobekilled.（自2006年以來(lái)，老虎的棲息地削減了40%，野生老虎數(shù)量不足4000只。生活在馬路旁邊的老虎特殊簡(jiǎn)潔受到攻擊，因?yàn)樗鼈冇斜卉囕v撞到的危急，更難以找到食物，更簡(jiǎn)潔被殺害。）”可知，本段主要說(shuō)明白老虎的棲息地已經(jīng)受到了威逼。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“andbuildingtiger-friendlycrossingssothatwildanimalscansafelycrossforestsonbothsidesoftheroad（并且修建老虎友好型的道路以便野生動(dòng)物可以平安地穿過(guò)森林兩邊的路）”可知，Carter建議修建特地的道路供老虎通過(guò)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“By2024,researchsuggestedthattheglobalwildtigerpopulationstoppeddecliningandhadincreased.“Buildingtiger-friendlyroadswillbecrucialtoreachingthisgoal,”saysCarter.（到2024年，探討表明，全球野生虎的數(shù)量停止了下降，起先增長(zhǎng)。“建設(shè)對(duì)老虎友好的道路對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)至關(guān)重要，”Carter說(shuō)。）”可知，Carter對(duì)老虎的將來(lái)持樂(lè)觀的看法。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特殊是依據(jù)第一段中“Morethanhalfoftheworld’swildtigerpopulationarethreatenedbyroadsbuiltdangerouslyclosetotheirhabitats,andgiantprojectsplannedacrossAsiacouldputtigersatevengreaterrisk.（世界上超過(guò)一半的野生虎數(shù)量受到道路建設(shè)的威逼，而在它們的棲息地旁邊，亞洲各地安排的大型項(xiàng)目可能使老虎面臨更大的危急。）”可知，本文主要講解并描述了道路修建威逼到了老虎的棲息地。故選D項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howtoprotectyourselfagainsttheflu?Nowwearefrightenedbyfluallovertheworld.____16____.Buthowcanweavoidit?Herearesomeways.___17___“Washyourhands”ispracticallywhatweoftenhearthesedays.Makesuretowashyourhandswithsoapforaminimumof20secondsanddryyourhandsonacleantowel.Inpublicrestrooms,avoidairdryers,whichblowdirtydustallovertheplace.Exercisecanhelpyoupreventtheflu___18___.Regularexercise,whichcanincludetakingfastwalks,hasbeenshowntoimproveyourimmunesystem,thusdecreasingyourlikelihoodofdevelopingacoldortheflu.Drinkgreentea.AccordingtoananalysispublishedinMolecules,greenteamayboostimmunity（免疫力）,helpingfightbothcoldandfluviruses.____19____.Drinkinggreentearegularlymayalsohelppreventinfectionshappeningagain—andcouldmakeyoulesslikelytogetoneinthefirstplace.Don'tcountonherdimmunityYoumayhavereadthatyoucanskipgettingvaccinated（接種疫苗的）ifyouliveinaplacewheremostpeoplehavehadthedisease,allowingyoutotakeadvantageofherdimmunity.Buteffectiveherdimmunityrequiresthatmorethan90%ofthepopulationbevaccinatedagainstadisease.Theexactpercentagedependsontheinfectionofthedisease,andthefluishighlyinfectious.Peopleshouldnotcountonherdimmunitytoprotectthem.____20____.A.Idon'tthinksoB.HerdimmunityprotectsnobodyC.Don'tskipyourregularworkoutD.ManypeoplehavebeeninfectedwithitE.ItcanwipeoutallthebacteriaeasilyF.SoapandwaterreallyarethebestdefenseG.Drinkinggreentearegularlyhelpsyourecoverfromacold【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.G20.B【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了預(yù)防流感的方法。【16題詳解】依據(jù)前句“Nowwearefrightenedbyfluallovertheworld.(現(xiàn)在全世界的人都被流感嚇壞了。)”可知，膽怯 流感，是因?yàn)楹枚嗳烁腥旧狭鞲小Ｋ赃x擇項(xiàng)D“Manypeoplehavebeeninfectedwithit.(許多人都感染了它。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。選擇項(xiàng)中的代詞it代指前句中的flu。故選D。【17題詳解】考查本段小標(biāo)題。依據(jù)下文“Makesuretowashyourhandswithsoapforaminimumof20secondsanddryyourhandsonacleantowel.(確保用肥皂洗手至少20秒，然后用干凈的毛巾擦干手。)”及本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹用肥皂洗手來(lái)防衛(wèi)流感。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Soapandwaterreallyarethebestdefense.(肥皂和水的確是最好的防衛(wèi))”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。選擇項(xiàng)中的“Soapandwater”和下文中的“washyourhandswithsoap”相一樣。故選F。【18題詳解】依據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Exercisecanhelpyoupreventtheflu(運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫助你預(yù)防流感)”和后句“Regularexercise,whichcanincludetakingfastwalks,hasbeenshowntoimproveyourimmunesystem,thusdecreasingyourlikelihoodofdevelopingacoldortheflu.(有規(guī)律的熬煉，包括快走，已經(jīng)被證明可以改善你的免疫系統(tǒng)，從而降低你患感冒或流感的可能性。)”可知，要堅(jiān)持有規(guī)律的熬煉。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Don'tskipyourregularworkout(不要忽視你有規(guī)律的熬煉。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。選擇項(xiàng)中的“regularworkout”和后句中的“Regularexercise”相一樣。故選C?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)前句“AccordingtoananalysispublishedinMolecules,greenteamayboostimmunity（免疫力）,helpingfightbothcoldandfluviruses.(依據(jù)發(fā)表在《分子》雜志上的一項(xiàng)分析，綠茶可以增加免疫力，幫助對(duì)抗感冒和流感病毒。)”和后句“Drinkinggreentearegularlymayalsohelppreventinfectionshappeningagain—andcouldmakeyoulesslikelytogetoneinthefirstplace.(常常喝綠茶還可以防止感染的再次發(fā)生，也可以讓你從一起先就不太可能感染。)”可知，這里陳述喝綠茶的好處。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Drinkinggreentearegularlyhelpsyourecoverfromacold.(常常喝綠茶可以幫助你從感冒中復(fù)原。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。選擇項(xiàng)中的“greentea”與前后句中的“greentea”相一樣。故選G?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Don'tcountonherdimmunity(不要希望群體免疫)”及前句“Peopleshouldnotcountonherdimmunitytoprotectthem.(人們不應(yīng)當(dāng)希望群體免疫來(lái)起到愛(ài)護(hù)作用)”可知，群體免疫不確定奏效。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“Herdimmunityprotectsnobody.(群體免疫不能愛(ài)護(hù)任何人。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。選擇項(xiàng)中的“Herdimmunity”和小標(biāo)題及前句中的“herdimmunity”相一樣。故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Everymorning,TerrillHaigler,30,putsonhisuniformandpreparesforhisday.Hetieshisworkboots,throwsonhisgreen____21____vest（背心）andputsonhisworkglovesforajobheloves:beingagarbageman.Thesanitation（衛(wèi)生）workerknewthathehadto____22____thegapbetweensanitationworkersonthefrontlineslikehimselfandthecommunity.SoHaiglerstarted____23____andpostingvideosonInstagramto____24____theeverydaylivesofwhatsanitationworkersare____25____duringthepandemic（流行?。??！癐feelthatthepublicdon'tunderstandwhythetrash____26____arebadforpeople'shealth,”Haiglersaid."So,IstartedanInstagrampagejusttogivepeoplea（n）____27____ofwhatitistobeasanitationworker."Haiglerwantspeopletoknowhow____28____agarbagemanis.Peoplestartedwatchingthe____29____.Andoncehisfollowingrose,Haiglersetoutto_____30_____hisfellowemployees.He_____31_____aT-shirtwithatrashmanlogo.Injustafewweeks,Haiglerhassoldmorethan1,000T-shirtsandhas_____32_____morethan$25,000.Heusesthemoneytobuy_____33_____protectiveequipmentandcleaning_____34_____forsanitationworkersinthecity.Now,hehasmorethan18,000_____35_____.Withhissocialmediafollowersincreasing,Haiglerstartedreceiving_____36_____fromfans.Theysentthingslikedrinkingwater,foodandcoldtreat.Sincethestartofthepandemicthe_____37_____oftrashhasincreasedatleast30%.Withthisincrease,notonlyisheworkingharderandlonger,healsoconstantlyworriesabouthis_____38_____,ashedoesnotknowwhosetrashhe'spickinguporifthatpersonistestedpositiveforCOVID-19."We're_____39_____fightingthepandemiclikeeverybodyelse.Sogiveussomesupportandgiveusalittle_____40_____,"headded.21.A.activity B.reality C.safety D.anxiety22.A.discover B.fill C.repair D.bridge23.A.recording B.copying C.following D.watching24.A.show B.find C.indicate D.suggest25.A.breakingthrough B.goingthrough C.lookingthrough D.cuttingthrough26.A.recycles B.deliveries C.treatments D.delays27.A.try B.idea C.relief D.interview28.A.important B.poor C.simple D.smart29.A.cartoons B.films C.videos D.shows30.A.help B.teach C.promote D.train31.A.spotted B.purchased C.recognized D.created32.A.borrowed B.raised C.spent D.included33.A.spiritual B.casual C.personal D.natural34.A.supplies B.energies C.pipes D.pictures35.A.colleagues B.listeners C.followers D.employees36.A.letters B.emails C.telephones D.donations37.A.quality B.waste C.amount D.level38.A.money B.health C.wealth D.study39.A.frequently B.actually C.gradually D.strangely40.A.time B.control C.hope D.respect【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.A25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C36.D37.C38.B39.B40.D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述環(huán)衛(wèi)工人海格勒在Instagram上錄制并發(fā)布視頻，展示在流行病期間環(huán)衛(wèi)工人的日常生活，希望人們給與環(huán)衛(wèi)工人更多的支持和敬重?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他系好工作靴，穿上綠色平安背心，戴上工作手套，起先了他酷愛(ài)的工作：清潔工。A.activity活動(dòng)；B.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)；C.safety平安；D.anxiety焦慮。作為環(huán)衛(wèi)工人，須要穿上平安背心。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：環(huán)衛(wèi)工人知道他必需縮短像他一樣在第一線工作的環(huán)衛(wèi)工人和社區(qū)之間的差距。A.discover發(fā)覺(jué)；B.fill裝滿；C.repair修理；D.bridge縮短……差距。依據(jù)“SoHaiglerstarted____3____andpostingvideosonInstagramto____4____theeverydaylivesofwhatsanitationworkersare____5____duringthepandemic（流行病）?！笨芍?，海格勒在Instagram上錄制并發(fā)布視頻的目的就是讓人們更加了解環(huán)衛(wèi)工人，縮短與社區(qū)之間的差距。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，海格勒起先在Instagram上錄制并發(fā)布視頻，展示在流行病期間環(huán)衛(wèi)工人的日常生活。A.recording記錄；B.copying復(fù)制；C.following跟隨；D.watching觀看。依據(jù)“andpostingvideosonInstagram”可知，先錄制視頻，再發(fā)布。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，海格勒起先在Instagram上錄制并發(fā)布視頻，展示在流行病期間環(huán)衛(wèi)工人的日常生活。A.show展示；B.find發(fā)覺(jué)；C.indicate指示；D.suggest建議。海格勒起先在Instagram上發(fā)布視頻的目的是向人們展示在流行病期間環(huán)衛(wèi)工人的日常生活。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：因此，海格勒起先在Instagram上錄制并發(fā)布視頻，展示在流行病期間環(huán)衛(wèi)工人的日常生活。A.breakingthrough突圍；B.goingthrough經(jīng)驗(yàn)；C.lookingthrough閱讀；D.cuttingthrough克服。依據(jù)“duringthepandemic（流行?。??！笨芍?，展示環(huán)衛(wèi)工人在流行病期間的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得公眾不明白為什么垃圾處理的延遲對(duì)人們的健康有害。A.recycles回收；B.deliveries遞送；C.treatments對(duì)待；D.delays耽擱；延遲。依據(jù)“arebadforpeople'shealth”可知，垃圾處理的延遲會(huì)對(duì)人們的健康有害。故選D。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，我在Instagram上開(kāi)了一個(gè)頁(yè)面，讓人們了解什么是環(huán)衛(wèi)工人。A.try嘗試；B.idea想法；C.relief欣慰；D.interview采訪。依據(jù)“IstartedanInstagrampage”可知，海格勒在Instagram發(fā)布視頻的目的是讓人們更加了解環(huán)衛(wèi)工人。givesb.anideaof讓某人了解。故選B。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：海格勒想讓人們知道清潔工的重要性。A.important重要的；B.poor貧困的；C.simple簡(jiǎn)潔的；D.smart聰慧的。依據(jù)“IstartedanInstagrampagejusttogivepeoplea（n）____7____ofwhatitistobeasanitationworker.”可知，讓人們更加了解環(huán)衛(wèi)工人的目的是讓人們知道清潔工的重要性。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們起先看視頻。A.cartoons卡通；B.films電影；C.videos視頻；D.shows表演。依據(jù)上文“SoHaiglerstarted____3____andpostingvideosonInstagram”提示可知，人們起先看海格勒的視頻。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他的追隨者增加時(shí)，海格勒起先幫助他的同事們。A.help幫助；B.teach教；C.promote促進(jìn)；D.train訓(xùn)練。依據(jù)下文“Heusesthemoneytobuy____13____protectiveequipmentandcleaning____14____forsanitationworkersinthecity.”可知，海格勒起先幫助和他一起做環(huán)衛(wèi)工作的同事們。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他創(chuàng)建設(shè)計(jì)了一件印有“垃圾工”標(biāo)記的T恤。A.spotted認(rèn)出；B.purchased購(gòu)買；C.recognized分辨；D.created創(chuàng)建。依據(jù)“Injustafewweeks,Haiglerhassoldmorethan1,000T-shirts”可知，這是海格勒自己創(chuàng)建設(shè)計(jì)的T恤。故選D。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在短短幾周內(nèi)，海格勒就賣出了1000多件T恤，并籌集了2.5萬(wàn)美元的善款。A.borrowed借；B.raised籌集；C.spent花費(fèi)；D.included包括。依據(jù)“Injustafewweeks,Haiglerhassoldmorethan1,000T-shirts”可知，海格勒通過(guò)賣T恤籌集的資金。故