2021-2022學(xué)年河北省邯鄲市永年區(qū)高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）（不含聽力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年河北省邯鄲市永年區(qū)高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題一、本試卷共8頁(yè)，66小題，滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。二、注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，每小題選擇出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡筆的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡個(gè)題目指定區(qū)域位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新答案，不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.151.Whosebirthdayisittoday?A.Mike'sB.Richard'sC.Susan's2.Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanlike?A.JazzB.RockC.Opera3.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.ToaswimmingpoolB.ToaplaygroundC.Totheseaside4.Whenwillthemanhavetheparty?A.SaturdayB.FridayC.Tuesday5.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.ToaskforanewIDcardB.TotakeapictureofherC.Tofilloutaform第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomansuggestbuyingfirst?A.FlowersB.AscarfC.Chocolates7.Wherewillthespeakersprobablygonext?A.ToagardenB.ToashopC.Totheteacher'soffice聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatwastherelationshipbetweenthewomanandJiminthepast?A.WorkmatesB.ClassmatesC.Relatives9.Whatisthewoman?A.AfilmactressB.AnartdirectorC.Amagazineeditor聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherewastheringfoundfirst?A.InsideapieceofcakeB.OnthenewspaperC.Inadrawer11.Whofoundtheringfirst?A.DavidB.David'sfatherC.Thewoman12.Whendidthewomanloseherringmostprobably?AWhenshewaswashingherhandsB.WhenshewaseatingthecakeC.Whenshewasmakingthecake聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WherearetheGreensgoingfirst?A.TothebusstationB.TothesubwaystationC.Totheman'shouse14.WhyaretheGreensgoingtoWashington?A.ToseeTommy'sgrandparents.B.TogoonatripC.Toattendameeting15.Whatdayisitwhentheconversationtakesplace?A.SaturdayB.FridayC.Sunday16.WhatcanwelearnaboutTommy?A.HemisseshisgrandparentsB.He'llstayinWashingtonforamonthC.Heisalwaysslow聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerusetodo?A.HewatchedTValotB.HestayedathomeanddidhomeworkC.Heplayedsportswithhisclassmates18.Whatkindofbooksdoesthespeakerreadnow?A.TextbooksB.StorybooksC.Cartoonbooks19.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofdoinghomeworkwithhisfriends?A.HecanchatwiththemB.HecanconcentrateonstudyCHecanlearnalotfromthem20.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttobeinthefuture?A.AnengineerB.AdoctorC.Awriter第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A，B，C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案,并在答題紙上涂黑。ADanceClassesBalletBalletteachesgrace,posture(姿勢(shì))andflexibility.Studentsfocusontheuseofproperballetitemsc物品),expandingtheirknowledgeofclassicalballettechniquesandimprovingmotorskillsforclassicaiballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballetclass.Age8-10September7,2019-May16,202010:30am-12:00amonSaturdayCreativeMoversStudentscanexplorecreativemovement,balance,focus,thedevelopmentofskills,motorplanningandbalance.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencouragingenvironment.Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementandhavelotsoffun.Age3-5September7,2019-January18,20209:00am-9:45amonSaturdayJazzJazzincludesmovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocusontraditionaliazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylethythmsandmovements.Inordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,weinviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample(示例)class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents'personaldancegoals.Age5-6September7,2019-May16,20202:00pm-3:00pmonSaturdayHipHopStudentswillbeintroducedtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandtuttinginahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhiphopinstructorsarehighlyknowledgeableandwillbrovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.Age7-10September7,2019-May16,20201:00pm-2:00pmonSunday1.Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A.Ballet. B.CreativeMovers.C.HipHop. D.Jazz.2.Whatcanstudentsdointhejazzclass?A.Makeuseofalltheballetitems. B.Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.C.Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers. D.Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements.3.Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass'?A.Itisopenintheafternoon. B.ItisavailableonSunday.C.Itteachestraditionaldances. D.Ithasthemostskilledteachers.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了幾門舞蹈課。這些課程適合不同年齡段的孩子。孩子們可以根據(jù)自己的喜好選擇自己喜歡的課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CreativeMovers巾的Age3-5可知，CreativeMovers這門課適合四歲的孩子。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jazz中Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.可知，學(xué)生們?cè)贘azz課中可以了解爵士風(fēng)格的舞蹈動(dòng)作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中提及Ballet(10:30am-12:00amonSaturday);CreativeMovers(9:00am-9:45amonSaturday);Jazz(2:00pm-3:00pmonSaturday);HipPop(1:00pm-2:00pmonSunday)可知其他三門舞蹈課都是在星期六上課，而HipHop課是在星期天上課，這就是它獨(dú)特的地方。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題中的直接信息題解題關(guān)鍵在于依據(jù)題干線索詞回原文定位，然后與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較，從而選出正確答案。比如文章第1小題：1.Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A.Ballet.B.CreativeMovers.C.HipHop.D.Jazz.題干線索詞為4-year-oldchildren，運(yùn)用查讀法迅速定位到CreativeMovers巾的Age3-5可知，CreativeMovers這門課適合四歲的孩子。因此B項(xiàng)正確。BTeenagerswhospendhoursinfrontofthetelevisionmayhaveapoorerdietasyoungadults.Astudy,whichincludednearly1,400highschoolstudents,foundthosewhowatchedTVforfivehoursormoreperdayhadlesshealthydietsthanpeersfiveyearslater.Whydoesthishappen?Shouldtheparentstakeanymeasures?Ontheonehand,peoplewhospendalotoftimeinfrontoftheTV,especiallyteenagers,maysnackmore,andthatmayinfluencetheirlong-termdietquality.Ontheotherhand,TVadsforfastfood,sweetsandsnackstemptteenagerstoeatmoreofthosefoods.AndTVtimemightalsoreplaceexercisetimeforsomekids.LeadresearcherDr.DaheiaJ.Barr-Anderson,oftheUniversityofMinnesotainMinneapolis,toldReutersHealthaclearrelationshipbetweenTVtimeduringhighschoolanddietqualityinyoungadulthood.WhiletheheaviestTVviewerswereeatingthemostjunkfood,thosewho'dwatchedlessthantwohoursperdayhadthehighestintakeoffruits,vegetables,wholegrainsandhigh-calciumfood.Inheropinion,parentsshouldlimitandmonitorTVviewing.AsfarasIamconcerned,childrenshouldwatchnotmorethantwohoursoftelevisionperday.Andparentsshouldsetagoodexamplebyeatingright,beingphysicallyactiveandcontrollingtheirownTVtime.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“temp”probablymean?A.Help. B.Allow. C.Attract. D.Invite.5.WhatdotheheavyTVviewerstendtodoaccordingtothetext?A.Takeinhigh-calciumfood B.TakeinfewervegetablesC.Eatlessjunkfood D.Eatmorefruits.6.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgivetheparents?A.TheyshouldbehavewellinfrontoftheirchildrenB.TheyshouldencouragetheirchildrentoexercisemoreC.TheyshouldstopthechildrenfromwatchingTVD.Theyshouldpayattentiontonutritionindiets7.What'sthebesttitleforthistext?A.Teenagers'TVTimeMayInfluenceTheirDietsLaterB.PeopleShouldKeepAwayfromTVtoKeepHealthyC.Parents'OwnHabitsMayInfluenceChildrenLaterD.WhyDoTeenagersLikeTV【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文敘述的是青少年看電視時(shí)間和飲食質(zhì)量的關(guān)系。研究顯示，重度看電視的青少年吃最多的垃圾食物，每天看少于兩小時(shí)電視的青少年則吃最多的水果、蔬菜。文章呼吁父母要控制青少年看電視的時(shí)間，并且以身作則?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Ontheotherhand,TVadsforfastfood,sweetsandsnacks”以及后文“teenagerstoeatmoreofthosefoods”可知，快餐、糖果和零食的電視廣告會(huì)吸引青少年吃更多的這些食品。劃線詞意思是“吸引”。A.Help.幫助；B.Allow.允許；C.Attract.吸引；D.Invite.邀請(qǐng)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“WhiletheheaviestTVviewerswereeatingthemostjunkfood,thosewho'dwatchedlessthantwohoursperdayhadthehighestintakeoffruits,vegetables,wholegrainsandhigh-calciumfood.(雖然看電視最多的人吃的垃圾食品最多，但那些每天看電視不到兩小時(shí)的人卻攝入了最多的水果、蔬菜、全谷物和高鈣食品)”可知，看電視多的人傾向于少吃蔬菜。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Andparentsshouldsetagoodexamplebyeatingright,beingphysicallyactiveandcontrollingtheirownTVtime.(父母應(yīng)該通過(guò)合理飲食、積極鍛煉和控制自己看電視的時(shí)間來(lái)樹立良好的榜樣)”可知，作者建議父母在孩子面前樹立榜樣。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Teenagerswhospendhoursinfrontofthetelevisionmayhaveapoorerdietasyoungadults.(長(zhǎng)時(shí)間看電視的青少年成年后的飲食可能較差)”以及第二段中“Astudy,whichincludednearly1,400highschoolstudents,foundthosewhowatchedTVforfivehoursormoreperdayhadlesshealthydietsthanpeersfiveyearslater.(一項(xiàng)對(duì)近1400名高中生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些每天看電視超過(guò)5小時(shí)的學(xué)生五年后的飲食健康狀況不如同齡人)”結(jié)合本文敘述的是青少年看電視時(shí)間和飲食質(zhì)量的關(guān)系。研究顯示，重度看電視的青少年吃最多的垃圾食物，每天看少于兩小時(shí)電視的青少年則吃最多的水果、蔬菜。文章呼吁父母要控制青少年看電視的時(shí)間，并且以身作則。可知，A選項(xiàng)“青少年看電視的時(shí)間可能會(huì)影響他們以后的飲食”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。CPlastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,＂sheexplains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.9.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB.findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC.confirmtheresearchfindingsD.increasethebreakdownspeed10.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A.helptoraisewormsB.helpmakeplasticbagsC.beusedtocleantheoceansD.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種吃塑料的蟲子大蠟螟，它胃中的酶能夠降解塑料，這為解決塑料污染提供了新的途徑。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.可知，研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，蠕蟲分解日常食物的能力讓它們可以分解塑料，也就是說(shuō)它們可以消費(fèi)塑料。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?可知，下一步研究是辨清分解的原因，查明這種酶來(lái)源于哪里，是蟲子自己產(chǎn)生的還是它腸道里的微生物產(chǎn)生的。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可以推斷出，Bertocchini希望這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)將來(lái)能在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中使用，而不是僅僅依靠蠕蟲來(lái)分解塑料。故選D?！?1題詳解】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.可知，有一種新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可知，Bertocchini希望將這種方法推廣到工業(yè)中。由此可以推知寫作意圖為介紹一種分解塑料的方法。故選C。點(diǎn)睛：根據(jù)不同文體，推斷目的意圖。不同的文章可能有不同的寫作目的，通常作者的寫作目的有以下三種：1)toentertainreaders（娛樂讀者，讓人發(fā)笑），常見于故事類的文章。2)topersuadereaders（說(shuō)服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)），常見于廣告類的文章。3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息），多見于科普類﹑新聞報(bào)道類﹑文化類或社會(huì)類的文章。閱讀時(shí)要善于根據(jù)文章的文體來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)推斷作者的情感態(tài)度和目的。本題的最后一題為寫作意圖題。文章為說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)---蠕蟲可以分解塑料。因此可以推著寫作意圖是告知、告訴讀者一種新的分解塑料的方法。DTheBoyMadeIt!OneSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepath.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn’thavefood,water,aphone,orothersupplies.Hewasgettingcolderbytheminute.Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutallofthesurvivalshowshehadwatchedonTV.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.Hedecidedtostopskiing.Therewasabetterchanceofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedput.Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterfromthefreezingwindandsnow.Ifhedidn’t,hisbodytemperaturewouldgetverylow,whichcouldquicklykillhim.Usinghisskis,Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.Bythatevening,Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesnowanddrankwaterfromanearbystreamsothathisbodywouldn’tlosetoomuchwater.Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecouldhehuddled(蜷縮)inhiscaveandslept.Thenextday,Nicholaswentouttolookforhelp,buthecouldn’tfindanyone.Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave,becausewithoutshelter,hecoulddiethatnight.OnTuesday,Nicholaswentoutagaintofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.Aftertwodaysstuckinthesnow,Nicholaswassaved.NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.HehadoftenwatchedGrylls’survivalshowManvs.Wild.That’swherehelearnedthetipsthatsavedhislife.Ineachepisode(一期節(jié)目)ofManvs.Wild,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.WhenGxryllsheardaboutNicholas’amazingdeeds,hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.12.WhathappenedtoNicholasoneSundayafternoon?A.Hegotlost. B.Hebrokehisskis.C.Hehurthiseyes. D.Hecaughtacold.13.HowdidNicholaskeephimselfwarm?A.Hefoundashelter. B.Helightedsomebranches.C.Hekeptonskiing. D.Hebuiltasnowcave.14.OnTuesday’Nicholas.A.returnedtohissheltersafely B.wassavedbyasearcherC.gotstuckinthesnow D.stayedwherehewas15.NicholasleftGryllsaverydeepimpressionbecausehe.A.didtherightthingsinthedangeroussituationB.watchedGrylls’TVprogramregularlyC.createdsometipsforsurvivalD.wasveryhard-working【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講的是一個(gè)小男孩在暴風(fēng)雪中迷路，他不畏艱難，利用在電視中學(xué)到的野外生存知識(shí)逃脫困境的故事?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!可知，還沒等他明白過(guò)來(lái)，尼古拉就迷路了，孤獨(dú)一人。所以Nicholas迷路了。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.尼古拉斯建造了一個(gè)雪洞。和第四段Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.然后他把樹枝堆在自己身上，像毯子一樣，盡可能地保暖?？芍?，Nicholas保持溫暖的方式是建了一個(gè)雪洞。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中OnTuesday,Nicholaswentoutagaintofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.可知，周二，尼古拉斯再次外出尋求幫助。他已經(jīng)走了大約一英里，這時(shí)一個(gè)志愿者找到了他。所以星期二的時(shí)候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.可知，尼古拉成功了，這給他留下了深刻的印象，因?yàn)樗热魏稳硕记宄峁爬侨绾闻?lái)維持生命的。由此判斷出，尼古拉斯給格里爾留下了深刻的印象，因?yàn)樗谖ｋU(xiǎn)的情況下做了正確的事情。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoPickaGreatBooktoReadTheworldisfullofgreatbooks，justwaitingtoberead.Howcanyoupickoneyou'llreallylike?Herearesometips:Whatmakesyouhappy?___16___Areyoureallyintodinosaursordogsoraspecificperson?Arethereafewcareersyou'reinterestedin?Youcanfindbooksaboutalmostanythingyoulike，andyou'remorelikelytoenjoyreadingabookifyou'realreadyinterestedinitssubject.Factorfiction?Somebooksareentirelymadeupandimagined.Thosearecalledfictionbooks.Novels，shortstoriesareallexamplesoffiction.Thesebookscantransportyoutoanotherworldorhelpyouimaginesomethingbeyondyourownexperience.Non－fictionbooksgiveyouthewho，what，whenandwhy.___17___Non－fictionbookscanbringeverythingtolifefromthefirsttriptothemoontowhatit'sliketoexplorethedeepestoceans.Trybothfictionandnon－fictionbookstoseewhichyoulikebetter.Findafamilyfavorite.Whatwasyourmother'sfavoritebookwhenshewasyourage?Oryourdad's？___18___Thenyoucantalkaboutwhattheylikedaboutitandshareyourthoughts.It'safunwaytogettoknowyourfamilyalittlebetter，andtofindabookyou'llenjoy!Askanexpert.___19___Tellalibrarianaboutyourinterests—rockstars，sportsteams，historicalevents，whateveryou'reinto—andthenamesofsomebooksyoualreadylike.Yourlibrariancanhelpyoufindotherbooksthatyou'resuretolove.Launchabookswap.___20___It'salwaysfuntoseewhatyourfriendsarereading.Evenifthey'renotexactlybookworms，youcanallencourageeachothertoreadandsharebooksandauthorsyoulike.Youalsocanlookforbookswapsinyourarea.It'sagreatwaytobuildyourpersonallibraryforfree!A.Askthemandgiveitaread.B.Manyofthemreadnovelsfromstarttofinish.C.Whynotgetsomefriendstogetherandtradefavoritebooks?D.Ifyouhaveafavoritehobby，lookforbooksaboutthatactivity.E.Theytellstoriesusingfacts—butthatdoesn'tmeanthey'reboring.F.Readthepassageanddecideforyourselfwhetheritseemsknowledgeable.G.Yourlocallibraryisagreatplacetofindbooksthatyou'lllove，andyoudon'thavetosearchallbyyourself.【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.G20.C【解析】【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。本文給出幾個(gè)怎樣挑選好書的建議?！?6題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文語(yǔ)境的理解。本段的主題是：什么讓你快樂？空后的意思是：你真的喜歡恐龍狗或者一個(gè)特定的人嗎？這里選D（如果你有特別的愛好，那就尋找關(guān)于哪方面的書。）與上下文一致。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文語(yǔ)境的理解。本小段是主題是Factorfiction?此部分首先闡述fictionbooks，接著描述Non-fictionbooks即事實(shí)類的書。空前的意思是：非科幻小說(shuō)告訴你誰(shuí)，什么事，什么時(shí)間，什么原因?？蘸缶湟猓悍强苹眯≌f(shuō)能夠把一切變的鮮活有生命。所以這里選E（它們使用事實(shí)講故事，但那并不意味這無(wú)趣。）與上下文一致。故選E。【18題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文語(yǔ)境的理解?？涨熬湟猓耗愕膵寢屧谀氵@個(gè)年齡時(shí)喜歡什么書？你的爸爸呢？空后的意思：然后你可以談?wù)勊麄兿矚g的。所以這里選A（問(wèn)問(wèn)他們，然后讀一讀這樣的書。）與上下文一致。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文語(yǔ)境的理解。這里本段的主題句是咨詢專家?？蘸缶湟猓焊嬖V圖書管理員你的愛好。所以這里選G（你當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館是找到你喜歡的書的好地方，你不用自己尋找。）與上下文一致。故選G?！?0題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文語(yǔ)境的理解。本段的主題：發(fā)起交換書籍活動(dòng)?？蘸缶湟猓嚎茨闩笥阉x的書總是很有趣的。所以這里選項(xiàng)C（為什么不把一些朋友聚在一起，交換你們最喜歡的書呢？）與上下文一致。故選C。

【點(diǎn)睛】在答題中，應(yīng)首先略讀一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)含義理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表達(dá)有交叉的選項(xiàng)之間的區(qū)別。然后再細(xì)讀短文，把答案填入合適位置。答題時(shí)可以把含義相近的幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)輪流填入同一處位置，反復(fù)閱讀，反復(fù)體會(huì)，找出最佳選項(xiàng)，對(duì)于實(shí)在沒有把握的小題可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再認(rèn)真通讀一遍全文，看看上下語(yǔ)意是否通順，是否符合邏輯關(guān)系。比如：這篇文章的第38小題，空前句意是你的媽媽在你這個(gè)年齡時(shí)喜歡什么書？你的爸爸呢？空后的意思是然后你可以談?wù)勊麄兿矚g的。所以這里選A（問(wèn)問(wèn)他們，然后讀一讀這樣的書。）與上下文一致。另外，做題時(shí)要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因?yàn)樗鼈兺褪俏恼碌闹黝}句。閱讀中要注意要點(diǎn)之間的關(guān)系。比如：文章第40小題,本段的主題：發(fā)起交換書籍活動(dòng)?？蘸缶湟猓嚎茨闩笥阉x的書總是很有趣的。所以這里選C（為什么不把一些朋友聚在一起，交換你們最喜歡的書呢？）與上下文一致。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ilikegrowingkindsofplants.Once,Iplantedtwoseeds(種子)sidebysideinthesoilinmybackyard.Thefirstseedsaid,“Iwantto____21____!Iwanttosendmyrootsdeepintothesoil,and____22____tocomeup.Iwanttofeelthe____23____ofthesunonmyface!”anditgrew.Thesecondseedsaid,“Iamscared.IfIsendmyrootsintothe____24____below,Idon'tknowwhatIwillmeetinthedark.IfI____25____mywaythroughthehardsoil,Imaydamagemysmallsprouts(芽).Whatifasmallchildmay____26____meupfromtheground?No,itismuchbetterformetowaituntilsafe.”Ahenwalkingaroundfor____27____foundthewaitingseedandrightawayateit.Isometimes____28____myself-whatifIstopfocusingonthe____29____andgoforthebest?Mostpeoplecandounusualthings____30____theyhavetheconfidencetotakearisk.____31____,mostpeopledon't.Therearelotsofpeoplesittingonthesofasaying:I'mgoing.Theywilldoitwhentheyarerichandwhentheygetmarried.The____32____isthatyourlifecanneverbeperfect.Stayawayfromthesofasitterswhoarewaitingforasingleperfectdaytobegin____33____theirdreams.Believeinyourselfandknowyoucando____34____!However,thosewhorefusetotakethe____35____getcontrolledbylifefinally.21.A.improve B.hide C.grow D.leave22.A.dare B.try C.agree D.refuse23.A.warmth B.kindness C.energy D.position24.A.farm B.ground C.rock D.sand25.A.lose B.push C.find D.change26.A.pull B.put C.make D.lift27.A.fun B.company C.food D.exercise28.A.remind B.call C.ask D.punish29.A.worst B.best C.hardest D.safest30.A.until B.if C.since D.though31.A.Again B.Therefore C.However D.Besides32.A.news B.question C.truth D.message33.A.collecting B.realizing C.breaking D.sharing34.A.anything B.nothing C.neither D.both35.A.advantage B.risk C.time D.order【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.B26.A27.C28.C29.A30.B31.C32.C33.B34.A35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講了作者種了兩顆種子，一顆種子甘于冒險(xiǎn)破土生長(zhǎng)，而另一顆種子擔(dān)憂未來(lái)在等待的過(guò)程中被母雞吃掉，由此，作者感悟到：要相信自己，那些拒絕冒險(xiǎn)的人最終會(huì)被生活所控制?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第一顆種子說(shuō):“我要成長(zhǎng)!”A.improve改進(jìn)；B.hide藏；C.grow生長(zhǎng)；D.leave離開。根據(jù)下文的“anditgrew.”（它成長(zhǎng)了）可知，此處指第一顆種子說(shuō)：“我要成長(zhǎng)（grow）”，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想把我的根深深扎進(jìn)土壤里，試著發(fā)出芽來(lái)。A.dare敢；B.try嘗試；C.agree同意；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)前文的“Iwanttosendmyrootsdeepintothesoil”可知，想要把根深埋在土壤里，試著去發(fā)芽，trytodo意為“嘗試做某事”，故選B。23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想感受陽(yáng)光照在臉上的溫暖！A.warmth溫暖；B.kindness善良；C.energy能量；D.position位置。根據(jù)上文可知，第一顆種子想要生根發(fā)芽，因此想要感受陽(yáng)光照在臉上的溫暖（warmth），故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我把根扎入地下，我不知道在黑暗中會(huì)遇到什么。A.farm農(nóng)場(chǎng)的；B.ground地面；C.rock巖石；D.sand沙子。根據(jù)“Idon'tknowwhatIwillmeetinthedark.”可知，第二顆種子說(shuō)如果把根扎入地下（ground），擔(dān)心在黑暗中遇到什么，故選B。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我在堅(jiān)硬的土壤中艱難前行，我可能會(huì)損壞我的幼小的芽。A.lose失敗；B.push推；C.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.change改變。根據(jù)空所在的句子可知，第二顆種子在土壤里生長(zhǎng)是要推著（push）土向前行，pushone'sway是固定搭配，意為“擠出去，擠著前進(jìn)”，故選B。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果一個(gè)小孩把我從地上扯出來(lái)呢？A.pull拉；扯；B.put放；C.make制作；D.lift舉起。根據(jù)空所在的句子可知，whatif是固定句型，意為“假使……將會(huì)怎樣”，再結(jié)合前文的“IfI___7___mywaythroughthehardsoil”可知，第二顆種子擔(dān)心它自己從土地里被小朋友拉（pull）出來(lái)怎么辦，故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一只母雞四處尋找食物，發(fā)現(xiàn)了正在等待的種子，就把它吃掉了。A.fun樂趣；B.company公司；C.food食物；D.exercise練習(xí)。根據(jù)下文的“and___11___ateit.”可知，母雞把它吃掉了，是出來(lái)找食物（food）的，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我有時(shí)會(huì)問(wèn)自己——如果我不再關(guān)注最壞的情況，而是去追求最好的結(jié)果會(huì)怎樣？A.remind提醒；B.call呼叫；C.ask詢問(wèn)；D.punish懲罰。根據(jù)空后的“whatifIstopfocusingonthe___13___andgoforthebest?”可知，作者是在問(wèn)（ask）自己，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我有時(shí)會(huì)問(wèn)自己——如果我不再關(guān)注最壞的情況，而是去追求最好的結(jié)果會(huì)怎樣？A.worst最糟糕的；B.best最好的；C.hardest最艱難的；D.safest最安全的。根據(jù)空后的goforthebest可知，不再關(guān)注最壞的情況，而是去追求最好的結(jié)果會(huì)怎樣，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人都可以做不尋常的事情，如果他們有信心承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.until直到；B.if如果；C.since自從；D.though盡管。根據(jù)空所在的句子可知，空處用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，大多數(shù)人并沒有。A.Again又、再；B.Therefore所以；C.However然而；D.Besides另外。根據(jù)空前“Mostpeoplecando”和空后的“mostpeopledon't”可知，前后句語(yǔ)義上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，你的生活不可能是完美的。A.news新聞；B.question問(wèn)題；C.truth真相；D.message信息。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，使用thetruthisthat是固定句型，意為“事實(shí)是……”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：遠(yuǎn)離那些在沙發(fā)上坐等完美一天出現(xiàn)就能實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的人。A.collecting收集；B.realizing意識(shí)到；C.breaking休息；D.sharing分享。根據(jù)上文的“Theywilldoitwhentheyarerichandwhentheygetmarried.”和空所在的句子可知，坐在沙發(fā)上坐等實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的那天，realizedreams意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想”，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：相信自己，知道你能做任何事。A.anything任何事；B.nothing沒有什么事情；C.neither兩者都不；D.both兩者都。根據(jù)B“elieveinyourself”可知，相信自己，你能做任何事(anything)，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，那些拒絕冒險(xiǎn)的人最終會(huì)被生活所控制。A.advantage優(yōu)點(diǎn)；B.risk冒險(xiǎn)；C.time時(shí)間；D.order順序。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，那些拒絕冒險(xiǎn)（risk）的人最終會(huì)被生活所控制，故選B。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilization___36___hascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewas___37___picture-basedlanguage.AncientChinesepeoplecarved___38___（symbol）onanimalbonesandshells.BytheShangDynasty,awell-developedwritingsystemhadcomeintobeing.Atthattime,peoplelivedindifferentplaces,___39___（lead）tomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintoonecountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelop___40___onedirection.Thewritingsystemwasofgreat___41___（important）inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,whereverChinesepeopleliveorwhateverdialecttheyspeak,theycancommunicate___42___（free）inwriting.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina'spresentisconnectedwith___43___（it）past.Peopleinmodemtimescanreadclassicworksthat___44___（write）byChineseinancienttimes.ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,____45____（know）asChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.Today,theChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.【答案】36.which/that37.a38.symbols39.leading40.in41.importance42.freely43.its44.werewritten45.known【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了書面漢語(yǔ)的起源、發(fā)展過(guò)程和對(duì)古代和現(xiàn)代的重要意義和作用，是中國(guó)文化的重要組成部分?！?6題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：中國(guó)因其古代文明而廣為人知，直到現(xiàn)代，古代文明也一直在繼續(xù)流傳著。根據(jù)句意和分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞ancientcivilization（指物）并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填which/that?！?7題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：起初，書面漢語(yǔ)是一種以圖畫為基礎(chǔ)的語(yǔ)言。language為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，此處泛指“一種語(yǔ)言”，且picture-based發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?8題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：古代的中國(guó)人在動(dòng)物的骨骸以及貝殼上雕刻符號(hào)。根據(jù)句意和句中bones和shells可知，雕刻的符號(hào)不止一個(gè)，應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填symbols?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在那個(gè)時(shí)期，人們居住在不同的地方，形成了許多種類的方言和文字。分析可知，已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞lived，且句中無(wú)連詞，此處使用非謂語(yǔ)形式，此處表示一種自然而然的結(jié)果，用用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填leading?！?0題詳解】考查介詞。句意：秦始皇把七個(gè)主要地區(qū)統(tǒng)一成一個(gè)國(guó)家，那之后書面漢語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)開始朝著一個(gè)方向發(fā)展。根據(jù)句意可知此處是用固定短語(yǔ)inadirection，意為：“在一個(gè)方向上、朝一個(gè)方向”。故