Unit2UnderstandingeachotherExtendedreading課件高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性

Unit2Extendedreading

LanguagepointsExpressions外來(lái)詞

(p1) __________________不足為奇 __________________發(fā)生(p2) __________________傾向于做某事 __________________在當(dāng)今的全球化時(shí) ______________________________有可能…… __________________源出語(yǔ)，譯出語(yǔ) __________________以更快的速度 __________________與……有關(guān) __________________融入，成為一體(p3) __________________borrowedwordscomeasnosurprisecomeabouttendtointhecurrentageofglobalizationbelikelytosourcelanguageatafasterspeedberelatedtobeintegratedinto傳到，蔓延到 __________________中國(guó)武術(shù) __________________用…代替 __________________在使用 __________________反對(duì)/抵制做某事(p4) __________________干預(yù) __________________為了 __________________極少量的 __________________在這種情況下 __________________對(duì)……悲觀(p5) __________________spreadtoChinesemartialartsbereplacedwithbeinuseopposedoingsthmakeinterventionsinordertoanextremelysmallnumberofunderthiscircumstancesbepessimisticabout以……為基礎(chǔ) __________________對(duì)某事猶豫不決 __________________對(duì)……學(xué)術(shù)上的限制 __________________新奇的想法 __________________傾向于，有做……的趨勢(shì) __________________過(guò)時(shí)，不流行 __________________bebasedonhesitateover/aboutacademicrestrictionsonnovelideasthetendencytodooutofstyle1.Thiscomesasnosurprise,giventhatEnglishhasborrowedwordsfrommorethan300differentlanguages,includingLatin,Greek,FrenchandChinese.（L3-4）這并不奇怪，因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)已從300多種不同的語(yǔ)言中借用了詞匯，包括拉語(yǔ)、希臘語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)。1):comesasnosurprise不足為奇toone'ssurprise/amazement/astonishment令人感到驚訝的是2):given

adj.規(guī)定的，指定的；傾向于；假定的，假設(shè)的

prep.考慮到；如果，倘若giventhat......(1)考慮到...,鑒于...=consideringthat,seeingthat,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句(2)如果,假設(shè),假如=supposingthat,onconditionthat,providingthat，

引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句Giventhatitwasadifficulttask，you'vedonereallywell.b.GiventhatIhadgoneabroadlastyear,youshouldhavefoundmenowhereathome.c.Givenherinterestinchildren,teachingseemstherightjobforher.

鑒于假如考慮到3).

includingprep.包括includingsth.VSsth.included

單句語(yǔ)法填空:

1).

(give)hisage,hediditquitewell.

2).To

(they)astonishment,theycompletethetaskinadvance.

3).Thereare5passagers,

(include)3children.

Thereare5passagers,3children

(include).

4).Given_______youhavemuchexperienceinmanagingtheStudents’Union,Ithinkyouaresuitableforthisposition.

5).____________(consider)thathe’sbeenoffsickallweek,he'sunlikelytocome.

6).________(see)thattheweatherwasbad,wedecidedtocancelthecompetition.

theirincludingGivenincludedthatConsideringSeeing2.Forexample,EnglishwordsthatareborrowedintotheChineselanguageinclude“bacon”,“tank”and“golf”.（L6-7）

例如，被借用到漢語(yǔ)中的英語(yǔ)詞匯包括“培根(bacon)”、“坦克(tank)”和“高爾夫(golf)”。

句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：

句子的主句是_____________________________________________,

_______引導(dǎo)一個(gè)________從句，

Englishwordsinclude

“bacon”,“tank”and“golf”.that定語(yǔ)3.Wordborrowingcomesaboutwhentwocultureswithdifferentlanguagesinteract.（L8）

當(dāng)不同語(yǔ)言的兩種文化相互交流時(shí)，外來(lái)詞就產(chǎn)生了。

inter-前綴，相互;在...之間，...際

interactv.相互影響；相互作用；___________n.相互作用

___________adj.相互作用的；交互的

____________vt&n.互換_______________n.互相依靠

intermixv.______

interconnect

v._________

internationaladj.________intercityadj.__________

interpersonaladj.____________

interactioninteractive國(guó)際的interchangeinterdependence混雜互相連接城市之間的人與人之間的4.

Thoughborrowingwordshasbecomefaster,theprocessisstillcomplex,andittakestimebeforenewwordsareintegratedinto

everydayspeech.（L15-16）盡管借用外來(lái)詞的速度已變得更快了，這個(gè)過(guò)程仍然是復(fù)雜的，而新的詞匯需要一段時(shí)間才能融入日常用語(yǔ)中。integrate.vt&vi（使）合并;（使）成為一體,（使）加入integrated.adj.融合的；整體的；綜合的；互相協(xié)調(diào)的___________n.結(jié)合，合并;（種族的）混合，取消隔離integrate(...)with使與...結(jié)合integrate(...)into使...加入，使...融入,與...成為一體integration單句語(yǔ)法填空：1).Thefamilyunitissupportedbyits___________(integrate)intoa

widersocialnetwork.2).Hethinkswearelivinginafully__________(integrate),supportive

society.3).LotsofpeopleinChicagodon'tseethatracialborder.Theysee

progresstowards_____________(integrate).4).Writingaboutatopichelpsyouintegratenewknowledge______whatyoualreadyknow.

integration

integratedintegrationwith翻譯：1.It'sverydifficulttointegrateyourselfintoasocietywhosecultureissodifferentfromyourown.2.Theideawithyoungchildrenistointegratelearningwithplay.3.Manychildrenwithlearningdifficultiesareintegratedintoordinaryschools.讓自己融入一個(gè)文化上完全不同的社會(huì)是非常困難的。很多有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的兒童融入到普通學(xué)校里了。對(duì)幼兒的理念是寓教于樂(lè)。5.Borrowedwordsareanoutcomeoflanguagedevelopmentthatcanhardlybeavoided,butsomelanguagecommunitiesopposeadoptingwordsfromothercultures.Therearecountriesthatmakeinterventionstokeeptheirnativelanguagepureinordertodefendtheiridentity.（L24-27）

外來(lái)詞是語(yǔ)言發(fā)展中幾乎難以避免的結(jié)果，但一些語(yǔ)言群體反對(duì)從其他文化引人詞匯。有些國(guó)家為了捍衛(wèi)自己的身份，對(duì)外來(lái)詞采取干預(yù)措施以保持自己母語(yǔ)的純正。

1).opposevt.反對(duì)；反抗；抵制;與…對(duì)抗，與…較量opposingadj.對(duì)立的；對(duì)抗的opposingcamps對(duì)立陣營(yíng)opposedadj.反對(duì)的，敵對(duì)的；相反的，oppositeadj.對(duì)面的；截然不同的；強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)的n.對(duì)立面，反義詞oppositionn.反對(duì)opposesth/doingsth.反對(duì)（做...）beopposedto....反對(duì)...；不贊成...(to是介詞)=objectto,beagainstasopposedto....(表示對(duì)比)而，與…相對(duì)，相對(duì)于；而不是Iamopposedtomakingajudgementwithoutevidence.我反對(duì)在沒(méi)有證據(jù)的情況下作出判斷。b.Iwouldopposechangingthelaw.我將反對(duì)改變這項(xiàng)法規(guī)。

單句語(yǔ)法填空：

1.Iwouldcertainlyoppose__________(change)thesystem.

2.Studentsdiscussideas,____opposedtojustcopyingfrombooks.

3.The__________（oppose）armieswerepreparingforwar.

4.Manylocalpeoplewereopposedto____________(build)thenewairport.

5.Themajorityofmemberswereopposed____myproposal,whichupsetme

greatly.

6.Wearestrongly____________(oppose)toracialprejudice.

7.Localresidentgroupshaveunitedin___________(oppose)totheplan.

8.Manyparentsopposebilingualeducationinschools.

9.Hewasopposedtodiscrimination.

opposingas他反對(duì)歧視。很多家長(zhǎng)反對(duì)學(xué)校實(shí)行雙語(yǔ)教育。changing

buildingtoopposedopposition

2).intervention.n.插入,插手,介入;干預(yù),干涉intervene/??nt??vi?n/v.插入，插手，介入；干預(yù)，干涉；出面

a.Wedonotneedfurthergovernmentintervention.我們不需要政府的進(jìn)一步干預(yù)。b.Don'tinterveneintheaffairsofanothercountry.不要干涉別國(guó)的事務(wù)。

單句語(yǔ)法填空:(1).Manypeoplefelthewouldbeopposedtotheideaofforeign____________(intervene).(2).Theywereplanningtogetmarriedandthenthewar_____________(intervene).

(3).Iampowerless_____________(intervene)

inthematter.

interventionintervenedtointervene

3).pureadj.純粹的，不攙雜質(zhì)的;純潔的，清白的;純種的；完全的purifyvt.使···純凈_________n.純凈;純潔_________adv.純粹地；清白地；純潔地；僅僅單句語(yǔ)法填空:

①I(mǎi)twas________(pure)aquestion,noblameorangerinmytone.

②Puttinggreenplantsinthehousewill________(pure)theairinside.

③Whiteiscommonlyassociatedwith________(pure)andperfection.puritypurelypurelypurifypurity

6.

Underthiscircumstance,itbecomesamatterofsurvivalforthenativelanguagetorejectoutsideinfluences.（L30-32）

在這種情況下，拒絕外來(lái)影響就關(guān)系著母語(yǔ)的生存問(wèn)題。

1).circumstancen.條件,環(huán)境,狀況;境況;境遇;(尤指)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況

socialandpoliticalcircumstances社會(huì)和政治環(huán)境

suspiciouscicumstances可疑的情況

financialcircumstances經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況

incertaincircumstances在特定條件下，在某些情況下

inanycircumstance在任何情況下

in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下;既然如此

in/undernocircumstances決不:無(wú)論如何不

練習(xí)：

(1).Thecompnyreservestheriphttocancelthisagreementincertain

(circumstance).

(2).IknowIcantrusther

anycircumstance.

(3).在任何情況下，我們都不能因?yàn)閯e人的出身卑微而瞧不起他們。

thecircumstances_____welook

down

on

others

because

of

their

humble

background.

(4).你無(wú)論如何都不能借錢(qián)給保羅。

Undernocircumstances_____________________________.shouldyoulendPaulanymoney.In/Underincircumstancescan2).rejectv.拒絕接受，不予考慮；不錄用；排斥，排異rejectionn.拒絕rejectsb.拒絕某人rejectarequest拒絕請(qǐng)求rejectone'sidea/plan拒絕某人的想法/計(jì)劃語(yǔ)法填空：

(1).LikethoseearlydaysforDad,Ifacedlotsof___________(reject).

(2).Iregrettoinformyouthatyourapplication________________

(reject).

(3).Whatdoyouthinkhehasdonewiththe________(reject)clothes

rejectedrejectionhasbeenrejected7.

Whilesomecommunitiesarepessimisticabouttheexchangebetweenlanguages,therearealsoothercommunitiesthatreadilywelcomeborrowedwords.（L33-34）

雖然有些群體對(duì)語(yǔ)言之間的互借持悲觀態(tài)度，但也有其他一些群體欣然歡迎外來(lái)詞。

pessimisticadj.悲觀的;---___________adj.樂(lè)觀的

pessimismn.悲觀；悲觀主義---___________n.樂(lè)觀

pessimistn.

悲觀主義者---___________n.樂(lè)觀主義者；樂(lè)天派

_______________adv.悲觀地

bepessimisticabout...對(duì)...悲觀optimisticoptimismoptimistpessimistically

Exercise1.Heremainsdeeplypessimistic__________thepeaceprocess.2.“Butit’llnothappen,”sheconcluded_______________________(pessimistic).3.I'manatural_____________(pessimistic)pessimist;Iusuallyexpecttheworst.

4.Thetoneofthemeetingwasverypessimistic.

______________________________________________

.aboutpessimistically會(huì)議的氣氛很悲觀。pessimist8.Borrowingwordsallowsthelanguagetocontinuetodevelop,enablingthecommunitytohaveamoreefficientlanguagewhichmakesitpossibleforthemtosharetheirexperienceswithnew-foundease.

借用外來(lái)詞使英語(yǔ)得以繼續(xù)發(fā)展，使得其群體擁有一種更為有效的語(yǔ)言，讓他們能夠以新發(fā)現(xiàn)的輕松狀態(tài)分享他們的經(jīng)歷。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)含有______從句的復(fù)合句。enablingthecommunityto…withnew-foundease為v.-ing形式作_______狀語(yǔ)。which引導(dǎo)_____________，修飾____________________________。

amoreefficientlanguage結(jié)果限制性定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)9.Itisalsothroughthosewordsthat

novelideasarespreadanddifferentbeliefsareexchangedmoreconvenientlyandquickly.

也正是通過(guò)那些詞，新思想的傳播、不同觀點(diǎn)的交流得以更加便捷。1).句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)________，強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語(yǔ)throughthosewords。強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：_____________________________________________轉(zhuǎn)化為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句：Novelideasarespreadanddifferentbeliefsareexchangedmoreconvenientlyandquicklythroughthosewords.強(qiáng)調(diào)句Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其余成分【一詞多義】novelnoveln.

（長(zhǎng)篇）小說(shuō)noveladj.新的；新穎的；新奇的anewlypublishedsciencefictionnovel

新出版的科幻小說(shuō)anovelidea/suggestion新穎的觀點(diǎn)／建議10.

“Itwouldbedifficulttopointtoacompletelyisolatedlanguage...”Forbetterorforworse,thetendencytoborrowwordshasnevergoneoutofstyle.（L43-44）

“很難指出一種完全孤立的語(yǔ)言……”。不管是好是壞，借用外來(lái)詞的趨勢(shì)從未過(guò)時(shí)。

1).isolatev.(使)隔離，孤立，脫離；使(某物質(zhì)、細(xì)胞等)分離;使離析

isolatedadj.偏遠(yuǎn)的;孤零零的;孤獨(dú)的;孤立的

__________n.隔離;隔離狀態(tài);孤獨(dú);孤立狀態(tài)

isolatedruralareas偏僻的農(nóng)村地區(qū)

anisolationhospital/ward隔離醫(yī)院病房

isolatesb/sth(fromsb/sth)把某人[某物](與某人/某物)分開(kāi)

isolation

Exercise

1.Patientswiththediseaseshould

__________(isolate).

2.Hewasimmediatelyisolated______theotherprisoners.

3.Ifeltvery

________

(isolate)inmynewjob.

5.Elderlypeopleeasilybecomesocially_________isolated.

6.Thecountryhasbeenthreatenedwithcomplete

_______

(isolate)

fromtheinternationalcommunityunlesstheatrocities(暴行)stop.

7.Manyunemployedpeopleexperiencefeelingsof__________

(isolate)anddepression.

fromisolatedbeisolatedisolationisolatedisolation2).tendencyn.趨勢(shì)，趨向;傾向,偏好haveatendencytodosth.傾向于做某事atendencyto/towards......的傾向/趨勢(shì)______v.趨向;往往會(huì);照顧;護(hù)理tendtodosth.易于做某事，往往會(huì)發(fā)生某事

tend(to)sb/sth.照看，照料

WhenI’mtired,Itendtomakemistakesb.Hismotherfellill.Hetendedtoherinthebedr