2023年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)幫考點(diǎn)13-閱讀之推理判斷題解析版

考點(diǎn)13閱讀之推理判斷（解

析版）

【命題趨勢(shì)】

所謂推斷，就是根據(jù)閱讀材料中所提供的信息，推斷出未知的信息，即把有關(guān)的文字作為已知部分，從

中推斷出未知部分。據(jù)以推斷的有關(guān)文字可能是詞或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。此類考題雖然

沒(méi)有明確的答案，但我們?cè)诶斫馊牡幕A(chǔ)上可以進(jìn)行推理和判斷其答案。

【重要考向】

一、識(shí)別推理判斷題；

二、推理判斷題方法；

國(guó)考向一

識(shí)別推理判斷題

【典例】

【2022年全國(guó)乙卷閱讀理解D篇】

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers（制

造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultof

manufacturers9effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeen

forcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugar

content.

Howeversomehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingto

changeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,

asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.

Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingby

raisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（設(shè)施）andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationto

haveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.

C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.

【參考答案】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositive

influencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.

（根據(jù)一位政府官員的說(shuō)法，今天的數(shù)據(jù)顯示了糖稅的積極影響，它為學(xué)校的體育設(shè)施和健康飲食籌集了

數(shù)百萬(wàn)英鎊）”可推斷，糖稅政策的實(shí)施是一個(gè)成功的政策。故選B項(xiàng)。

【推理判斷題識(shí)別提分秘籍】

題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語(yǔ)。

常見(jiàn)的題干設(shè)題形式如下：

1.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat.

2.Wecaninferfromthe（first/last）passagethat.

3.Thepassage/authorimplies/suggeststhat.

4.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

5.Theunderlinedsentenceindicatesthat.

考向二

推理判斷題解題方法

【典例】

[2022年新高考1卷閱讀理解B篇】

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"and"a"totherareclicksof

somesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-

yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalfthe

world'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas

and"v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowateamofresearchersledby

DamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（對(duì)齊），makingit

hardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjaws

changedtoanoverbitestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.

TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithic

period.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrow

tobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworld

languagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof'f'and'""increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousand

years.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeings

evolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincethe

appearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofa

complexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution/4saidStevenMoran,amemberofthe

researchteam.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

【35題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“"Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesince

theappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofa

complexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,MsaidStevenMoran,amemberofthe

researchteam.（研究小組成員StevenMoran說(shuō)廣自從人類出現(xiàn)以來(lái)，我們使用的語(yǔ)音不一定保持穩(wěn)定，我

們今天發(fā)現(xiàn)的各種語(yǔ)音都是生物變化和文化進(jìn)化等復(fù)雜相互作用的產(chǎn)物?！笨芍?，StevenMoran認(rèn)為語(yǔ)

音是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【推理判斷提分秘籍】

一、推斷寫作意圖

推斷寫作意圖，即要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容推斷作者寫該文章的目的。

常見(jiàn)的設(shè)問(wèn)形式

1.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto.

2.Thepassageismeantto.

3.Theauthor'spurposeistoshow.

4.Thepurposeofthearticleisto?

二、推斷觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度

推斷觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度，即要求考生推斷作者對(duì)某人某事的看法或作者所持的觀點(diǎn)

常見(jiàn)的設(shè)問(wèn)形式

1.Theauthorseemstobeinfavorof/against

2.Theauthormayprobablyagreewith/support

3.What'stheauthor'sopinionabout...?

4.Intheauthor'sopinion...?

說(shuō)明文中作者的態(tài)度：

objective客觀的neutral中立的

positive積極的negative消極的

disapproval不贊同的叩proval贊同的

ironic諷刺的critical批判的

optimistic樂(lè)觀的pessimistic悲觀的

cautious小心謹(jǐn)慎的admiring欽佩的

indifferent漠不關(guān)心的

三、推斷文章出處

推斷文章出處，即通過(guò)閱讀材料，感知內(nèi)容，從而推斷材料的來(lái)源

常見(jiàn)的設(shè)問(wèn)形式

1.Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom.

2.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?

3.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?

四、推斷目標(biāo)讀者

推斷目標(biāo)讀者，即要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和文中的措辭推斷此篇文章主要是寫給誰(shuí)看的。

常見(jiàn)的設(shè)問(wèn)形式

1.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor

2.Whoisthepassagewrittenfor?

3.Thetextiswrittenmainlyfor.

解題方法

解答此類題要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是從作者使用的詞語(yǔ)和口氣來(lái)判斷。

【2022年全國(guó)甲卷閱讀理解B篇】

Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-

recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved

skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanut

insideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferently

shaped“keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key"wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanother

yearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical（對(duì)稱的）shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethata

shapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan<4allocentricframeofreference^^.In

theexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolfbrthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognition

alone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.Thisindicatesthat

Goffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similarto

two-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisual

clues（線索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

26.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthe

cockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.（根據(jù)研究人

員的說(shuō)法，下一步是嘗試弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依靠視覺(jué)線索，還是也使用觸覺(jué)來(lái)選擇它們的形狀）”可推

知，后續(xù)測(cè)試的目的是了解鳳頭鸚鵡在測(cè)試中是否使用觸覺(jué)。故選D。

【2022年全國(guó)甲卷閱讀理解D篇】

Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.

Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superb

beaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.

AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsfbraliving.Ispentthewhole

morningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewent

ourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.

"I'llmisstheseoldboats,“hesaidasweparted.

“Howdoyoumean?"Iasked.

“Oh,they'rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey'renotsoelegant,andthey'renot

funtopilot.Butthafsprogress,Iguess.”

EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords（口號(hào)），andtraditionsare

increasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,

Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.''Sydneyisconfiiscdaboutitself/'she

said."Wecan'tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamodemcityoratraditionalone.It'saconflictthat

wearen'tgettinganybetteratresolving（解決）

Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImeta

thoughtfiilyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony."Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,hetoldme.

“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,the

Greekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We'vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwitha

driveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It?saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”

Heisright,butIcan'thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.

34.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?

A.Itislosingitstraditions.B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.

C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段uShirleyFitzgerald,thecity'sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushto

modernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.（悉尼的官方

歷史學(xué)家ShirleyFitzgerald告訴我，在20世紀(jì)70年代奔向現(xiàn)代化的過(guò)程中，悉尼把很多它的過(guò)去都拋在

了一邊，包括許多最漂亮的建筑）”可推知，ShirleyFitzgerald認(rèn)為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳

統(tǒng)。故選A項(xiàng)。

[2022年全國(guó)乙卷閱讀理解B篇】

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketof

snowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveatthe

schoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.

25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.

【25題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,hadlittleprivacy,

rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.（他們和?個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ィ锷?/p>

一家一起搬進(jìn)去，和他們一樣，幾乎沒(méi)有隱私，很少洗澡，早上醒來(lái)時(shí)被子上覆蓋著一層雪。）”以及“In

spring,ihesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.（在春天，雪被泥替代覆蓋在冰上。）”可知，女孩們的生活條

件非常艱苦，她們飽受磨難。故選D項(xiàng)。

【2022年1月浙江卷B篇]

TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodofthattechnology

haslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodern

world.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbegana

centuryearlier.

"Itiscuriousthatnoonehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions."writesMaury

KleininhisbookThePowerMakers:Steam,Electricity,andtheMenWhoInventedModernAmerica.Klein,anoted

historianoftechnology,spinsanarrative（敘述）solivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.

Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfecteduthemachinethat

changedtheworld**.Kleinwrites,"Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygrasped

itspossibilitytheyputittomoreusesthananyoneelse.”

Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morse

inventedacodefbrsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.Edison

perfectedanincandescentbulb（白熾燈泡）thatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.

Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYork

City.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent（交流電）,which

soonbecamethemajorformofpowerdelivery.

Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythe

steamandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.Ifsatechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrative

intoaninterestingone.

25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?

A.HewasborninNewYorkCity.氏Hewrotemanyinterestingstories,

C.Hecreatedanelectricitycompany.D.Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.

【參考答案】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段KleincreatesthecharacterofNed-afictionalwitnessthe

progress…可知Ned是虛構(gòu)的人物，作者創(chuàng)造這個(gè)角色用以見(jiàn)證電氣工業(yè)革命的發(fā)展，故選項(xiàng)ABC

錯(cuò)誤，又根據(jù)第三、四段的第一句可判斷見(jiàn)證工業(yè)革命是在19世紀(jì)，故選D。

【2022年1月浙江卷C篇】

*'However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonly

showsanassociation.saidHorder.Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffecton

theriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant."Shealso

admittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwerefromSweden,sotheresultsmight

notbeapplicabletoothergroups.

29.WhatdoweknowaboutDrHorder'sstudy?

A.Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.B.Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess.

C.Someparticipantswithdrewfromit.D.Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.

第29題推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句以及最后一段Moreresearchisneededto

see…可知數(shù)據(jù)的采集是漫長(zhǎng)的。故選B.

[2021年全國(guó)甲卷閱讀理解B篇】

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhino

calf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthe

reserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownfor

beingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈養(yǎng)）.

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthe

calveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebomatPort

LympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherand

greatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.

B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.

C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

【參考答案】

D推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章倒數(shù)第二段“itistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobe

returnedtoprotectedareasofthewild（要判斷這些小犀牛是否會(huì)成為返回野生保護(hù)區(qū)的好的候選者還為時(shí)過(guò)

早）''可推知，PonLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的一些犀?？赡軙?huì)被送到野生保護(hù)區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)。

[2021年全國(guó)甲卷閱讀理解B篇】

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhino

calf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthe

reserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownfor

beingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈養(yǎng)）.

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthe

calveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPort

LympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherand

greatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?

A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.

【參考答案】

D推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第一段"shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve（她成為該保護(hù)

區(qū)出生的第40頭黑犀牛）”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段“Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornat

thereserveandstilllivethere.（他的母親、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保護(hù)區(qū)，至今仍住在那里）“可知，保護(hù)區(qū)的

繁育計(jì)劃使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，這計(jì)劃是成功的。故選D項(xiàng)。

[2021年新高考全國(guó)卷I閱讀理解D篇】

Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbad

purposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbestto

helpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnot

necessarilymakeoneamoralperson.

Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,

theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthis

popularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis（重視）onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterested

inpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicand

researchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.

Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwill

exciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,

advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives（視角）fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Emotional

intelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.

33.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor"and“cheater“inparagraph2?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.

34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.

C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?

A.Itsappealtothepublic.B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.

C.Itspracticalapplication.D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.

【參考答案】

33.B推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第二段“Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeused

byadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.（醫(yī)生可能

利用這種準(zhǔn)確理解他人感受的能力來(lái)找到最好的幫助病人的方法，而騙子可能利用這種能力來(lái)控制潛在的

受害者廣可推知，作者在文章第二段中提到“醫(yī)生”和“騙子”是舉例子來(lái)闡明下文的觀點(diǎn)——情商高并不一定

能使一個(gè)人成為有道德的人。故選B項(xiàng)。

34.A推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第三段“theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthan

hannful....Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchers（宣傳的總體效

果一直是利大于弊。這種普及最積極的方面是雇主、教育者和其他對(duì)促進(jìn)社會(huì)福利感興趣的人對(duì)情感進(jìn)行了

新的、迫切需要的強(qiáng)調(diào)。情商的普及幫助了公眾和研究人員）''可推知，作者認(rèn)為情商普及是對(duì)人們有利的。

故選A項(xiàng)。

35.B推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一hopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientific

andscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives

fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.（我們希望這種關(guān)注將激發(fā)人們對(duì)情感科學(xué)和學(xué)術(shù)研究的更

大興趣。我們希望在未來(lái)的幾十年里，科學(xué)的進(jìn)步將為研究人們?nèi)绾喂芾碜约旱纳钐峁┬碌囊暯牵?'可推知，

本段主要談了對(duì)未來(lái)關(guān)于情商研究的期望。故選B項(xiàng)。

[2021年新高考全國(guó)卷I閱讀理解C篇】

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasinglyconcernednation

tookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（遷徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.

UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuck

Stamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N."Ding"Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDes

Moines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiological

Survey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchase

wetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem-afactthatensuresthisland

willbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneinto

thatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeen

calledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

【參考答案】

D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchase

morethan5miHionacresofhabitat.”可知，自1934年起，超過(guò)5億美元進(jìn)入到了這個(gè)基金會(huì)，購(gòu)買了超過(guò)500

萬(wàn)公頃的水禽棲息地，故可以推出，通過(guò)發(fā)行鴨票，美國(guó)政府獲得了大量的資金，故選D。

[2021年新高考全國(guó)卷I閱讀理解B篇】

“Alotofskillsareneededfbrthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon'tturntwopagesatonceandmakesure

youfindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot."MrTittertonexplained.

Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto

50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthas

theirownstyleof“nodding“toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.

25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton'sjobonstage?

A.Boring.B.Well-paid.

C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.

【參考答案】

C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon'tturntwo

pagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot.（這項(xiàng)工作

需要很多技能。你必須確保你不會(huì)一次翻兩頁(yè)并且必要的時(shí)候確保你回到前面找到音樂(lè)重復(fù)的部分）“可知，

為鋼琴家翻頁(yè)這項(xiàng)工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故選C項(xiàng)。

[2021年全國(guó)乙卷閱讀理解D篇】

Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedby

thelevelofdistraction（干擾）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,"That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspace

acrossthestreet—soIcanfbcus”.Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuse

anopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.

Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.

Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotal

silenceto50decibels（分貝）,70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswere

statisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoise

similartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectswere

small,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibels

ofbackgroundnoise.

Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackground

noise——nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.Therightlevelof

backgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,

withoutmakingitimpossibletofbcus.Thiskindof"distractedfbcus“appearstobethebeststateforworkingon

creativetasks.

Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstopourselves

fromgettingdrawnintoothers5conversationswhileweTetryingtofbcus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-

faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovides

acertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.

35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.He'sanewsreporter.

B.He'sanofficemanager.

C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.

D.He'sapublishedwriter.

【參考答案】

D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstill

thinkaboutoften.（在一次采訪我的一本書時(shí)，我的采訪者說(shuō)了一些我至今還經(jīng)常想起的話。）”可知，作者提

到有人采訪自己的書，所以可以推斷，作者是一位作家。故選D項(xiàng)。

[2021年全國(guó)乙卷閱讀理解C篇】

MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor

（因素）一only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBaby

Boomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;I'dsayit'salsotodo

withthemakeupofyourhousehold.

GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephonerather

thanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsai