PEP小學(xué)英語語法表-音標(biāo)-文化歸類表

PEP小學(xué)英語語法表

PEP語法匯總一

名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化

構(gòu)成法例詞

book-books

A.在一般情況下，詞尾加-s

bed-beds

bus-buses

B.以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的詞，box一一boxes

詞尾加-esdish-dishes

watch一一watches

C.以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞,先將f或knife-knives

fe改成v,再加-eswife一一wives

D.以。結(jié)尾的單詞,有生命的物tomato——tomatoes

質(zhì)加-es,無生命的物質(zhì)加-sphoto一一photos

E.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾,先y將family一一families

改i,再加上-escity一一cities

PEP語法匯總二

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時構(gòu)成ing形式

構(gòu)成法例詞

work-working

A.一般加-ing

study一一studying

live-living

B.以e結(jié)尾的詞去e后加-ing

write一一writing

C.動詞為單音節(jié)：以單一元音

字母+單一輔音字母結(jié)尾，輔音字

stop一一stopping

母雙寫，再加ing;動詞為雙音節(jié)

run一一running

或者多音節(jié)：最后一個音節(jié)為重讀

swim-swimming

音節(jié)，以單一元音字母+單一輔音

begin-一beginning

字母結(jié)尾輔音字母雙寫，再加

ing

PEP語法匯總?cè)?/p>

一般現(xiàn)在時單三形式

構(gòu)成法例詞

help-helps

A.一般動詞在詞尾加-s

make一一makes

fix--fixes

B.以s,x,ch,sh,結(jié)尾的動

teach--teaches

詞在詞尾加-es

wash--washes

go——goes

C.以o結(jié)尾的動詞在詞尾加-es

do一一does

fly--flies

D.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，

study一一studies

先y變?yōu)閕，再加-es

carry一一carries

E.不規(guī)則變化have--has

PEP語法匯總四

一般過去時-ed形式

構(gòu)成法例詞

cook一一cooked

A.一般動詞在詞尾加-ed

play-played

B.以e結(jié)尾的動詞在詞尾加-dlive一一lived

C.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，fly--flied

先y變?yōu)閕,再加-edstudy--studied

D.末尾只有一個輔音字母的重stop-stopped

讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫該輔音字母加plan-planned

-ed

swim-swam

E.不規(guī)則變化

have一一had

am-was

F.be動詞變化is-was

are——were

PEP語法匯總五

形容詞比較級er形式

構(gòu)成法例詞

A.一般直接加-erlong-longer

B.如果以-e結(jié)尾，直接加-rnice一一nicer

C.閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔

big-bigger

音字母須雙寫這個字母，再加-er

D.以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞，

heavy一一heavier

變y為i,再加-er.

小學(xué)階段沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)比較級的不規(guī)則變化

小學(xué)英語時態(tài)總結(jié)

一、一現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：bedoing動詞+ing的特殊變化見附1

Iameating.Heiseating.

二、一般將來時：begoingtodo

Iamgoingtoeat.Heisgoingtoeat.

三、一般現(xiàn)在時：主+動s動詞+s的特殊變化見附2

Ieat.Heeats.

四、一般過去時：主+動ed動詞+ed的特殊變化見附3

Iate.Heate.

附1:動詞+ing的特殊變化

1去e+ing:takingmakingcominghavingwritingdancing

2雙寫最后一個字母+ing:runningswimming

附2：動詞+s的特殊變化

動詞+es:goesdoeswatchesteachespasses

附3：動詞+ed的特殊變化

do—didis/am—wasare—werehave—hadgo-went

read—readeat—atebuy—boughttake—tooksing-sang

dance—dancedsee—sawget—gotleave—leftswim-swam

study—studiedfly—flewsay—saidcome—camerun—ran

tell—tolddrink—drankfind—found

附4：形容詞比較級的特殊變化：

big—biggerthin—thinnerheavy—heavierfunny—funnier

附5：代詞的變化

主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey

賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem

物主代詞?的myyourhisheritsouryourtheir

PEP小學(xué)英語音標(biāo)

/i://e://a://□://u://i//e//ae//a//p//b//t//d//k//g//f/

/v//6//d//s//z/

/J7/s//h//r//tj//ds//ts//dz//tr//dr//j7/w//m//n//g//I/

/au//A//O//U//ei//ai//oi//W13/￡o//uo/

元音：aeiou

Aacake,face,date,snake9grape,make,

game,plate9later,name,lake,etc

cat,map,hat,sad,happy,black,etc

Eeevening,we,he,be,she,these,etc

bed,help,elbow,desk,ten,leg,

eleven,dress,egg,hen,yes,very,etc

liice,time,bike,ride,white,Friday,

library,rice,like,nice,kite,size,etc

pink,six,in,pig,fifty,river,

windy,sick,sister,sit,milk,fish,

slipper,in,thin,big,swimoit,etc

Oohome,nose,rose,go,those,hole,

close,hotel,old,hello,rope,cold,etc

nod,not,closet,ox,fox,lock,

lot,shop,rock,office,orange,on,etc

Uusun,sunny,fun,jump,lunch,

supper,under,truck,duck,donut,US,

Sunday,hundred,etc

computer,Tuesday,excuse,unit,

January,avenue,music,use,etc

元音字母組合

eatea,speak,dream,east,easy,teacher,

leaf,leave,read,jeansomeat,cheap,etc

breakfast,bread,sweater,head,etc

eesee,need,queen,sheep,teeth,green,sleep,nineteen,street,

knee,etc

ootoothbrush,zoo,cooLfood,noodles,Kangaroo,school,afternoon,

cookie,etc

classroom,book,foot,look,good,

bedroom,cookies,wood,etc

oublouse,house,mouth,mouse,south,cloudy,about,etc

department,calf,park,March,apartmentsfar,marker,hard,

party,etc

morning,north,for,comer,short,shorts,story,horse,forty,

homework,work,doctor,world,word,etc

irshirt,bird,skirt,thirsty,thirty,third,circle,first,girl,etc

urThursday,purple,hurt,nurse,hamburger,Saturday,etc

ersweater,sister,teacher,letter,supper,

computer,burger,under,comer,tiger,etc

earear,year,near,hear,dear,etc

X-ray,day,May,play,may,always,today,gray,okay,

way,etc

owknow,below,slow,yellow,show,snow,bowl

cow,now,brown,flower,down,etc

oaboat,goat,road,etc

輔音字母組合

shcashier,she,sheep,shoes,fish,etc

chchicken,teacher,chalk,chair,chant,

children,much,China,etc

trwaitress,tree,street,truck,traffic,

strawberry,trick,etc

drdrink,dress,drive,dream,draw,etc

ththeatre,thirsty,three,think,third,Thursday,teeth,etc

mother,father,this,that,they,brother,these,those,their,

etc

whwhere,what,white,when,why,etc

用對稱法排序

20個輔音3個鼻音2個半元音3個似拼音20個元音

元音字母讀音例詞

a在開音節(jié)中[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake

在閉音節(jié)中[ae]bagdadhatmapblackback

e在開音節(jié)中[i:]hethesemeChinese

在閉音節(jié)中[e]bedletpendeskyesegg

i在開音節(jié)中[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite

在閉音節(jié)中fishbigdrinksitmilkswim

o在開音節(jié)中[ou]thoseclosegohoehomeno

在閉音節(jié)中[C]clocknotboxshopsock

U在開音節(jié)中[ju:]studentexcusedutyTuesday

在閉音節(jié)中[A]buscupjumpmuchlunch

在開音節(jié)中，元音字母u在輔音字母jIrs后面時讀［u:］音，例如：Juneblue

rulersuper

二、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音

元音字母讀音例詞

a在［w］音后面［C］wantwhatwatchwashquality

a在fnskphspssstth前[a:]afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather

i在-nd-Id和gh前[ai]findchildlighthigh

o在-st-Id前[ou]mostpostcardoldcold

。在mnvth前[A]comemonkeylovemother

三、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

元音字母讀音例詞

a[E]EChinaanotherwomanbreakfast

orangecomradevillagecabbage

e[E]hundredstudentopenweekend

chickenpocketbeginchildren

i[E]/holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal

[ai]exercisesatellite

o[E]secondtonightsomebodywelcome

[Eu]alsozerophoto

u[E]autumndifficult

[ju:]popularcongratulationJanuary

動詞中的a如果處在開音節(jié)位置，a讀[ei]音，例如：operate

u處在開音節(jié)位置，又在輔音字母jIrs后面時，讀[u:]音，例如：Julyinfluence

Februaryissue

在非重讀音節(jié)中，許多單詞中的元音字母aei即可以讀作[E]音，也可以讀作

音。

四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

元音字組讀音例詞

arar在[w]音后面[a:]carfarmdarksharpener

[C:]warmquartertowards

oror在[w]音后面[C:]fortymorningshort

[E:]wordworkerworse

erirur[E:]certainlybirdThursday

輔音字母r雙寫時，前面的元音字母不能與r構(gòu)成-r音節(jié),而是按重讀閉音節(jié)的

拼讀規(guī)則發(fā)音。例如：carrysorryhurry

-r音節(jié)在非重讀音節(jié)中通常讀[E]音，例如：dollarteachermartyrforget

Saturday

五、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

元音字組讀音例詞

are[EE]caredarehare

ere[iE]heremere

ire[aiE]firehirewire

ore[C:]morescorebefore

ure[juE]purecure

areereireore很少出現(xiàn)在非重讀音節(jié)中，ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[E]音，例如:

picturepleasure

重讀元音字母加Rr,再加非重讀元字組時，重讀元音字母應(yīng)按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)

則拼讀，字母Rr讀[r]音。例如：parentzerostoryduringinspiring

某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)長音短化現(xiàn)象。例如：orangeveryAmerican

paragraph

六、元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

元音字組讀音例詞

ai/ay[ei]afraidrainwaitdayplay

air[EE]airhairchairpairrepair

alal在fm前[C]smallballtalkwallall

[C:l]alwaysalsosaltalmost

[a:]halfcalm

au/aw[C:]autumndaughterdraw

ea[i:]teacheasycheapplease

[e]heavybreadsweaterweather

[ei]breakgreat

ear[iE]heardearnearclearyear

[EE]bearpearwearswear

[E:]earthlearnearly

ee[i:]jeepweekgreenthree

eer[iE]pioneerdeerbeer

ei/ey[ei]eightneighbourthey

[i:]eitherkey

eu/ew在jIrs后[ju:]newfewnewspaper

[u:]flewbrewjewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后[i:]piecefieldreceive

oa[ou]coatJoanboatgoal

oar/oor[C:]roarboarddoorfloor

oi/oy[Ci]noisepointboytoilet

oo[u:]broomfoodtoothschool

booklookcookfootgood

ou/ow[au]flowerhousecountdown

[ou]knowrowthrowthough

[A]youngcountryenough

[u:]groupyousoup

our[C:]courseyourfour

[auE]ourhourours

[E:]journey

ui在jIrs后[ju:i]fluidsuicidetuition

[u:]juicefruitsuit

七、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音

元音字組或字群讀音例詞

ai/ayei/eySundayforeignmonkey

ow[ou]yellowsparrowtomorrow

元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[E]音或。例如:neighbourseriousfamousbiscuit

coffee

-sion-tion[Fn]impressionnation

-sion在元音字母后[Vn]visiondecisionoccasion

-tion在s后[tFEn]questionsuggestion

-sten[sn]listen

-stle[si]whistle

-sure[VE]pleasuremeasure

-ture[tFE]pictureculture

八、元字組在復(fù)合詞非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

復(fù)合詞中的第二部分不標(biāo)注重音符號，但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀

音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀。例如：everyday[ei]handbag[ae]blackboardd

有些詞隨著語言的發(fā)展，前后兩部分已失去其單獨(dú)存在的意義，融合成為一個

詞。其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音。例如：sun太陽+

day[ei]日子>Sunday星期天holy神圣+day[ei]日子>holiday假日

break中斷+fast[a:]齋戒>breakfast[E]早餐cup茶杯+board木板[C:]>

cupboard[E]碗柜

九、輔字組的讀音

輔字組讀音例詞

bbikebusbag

[/]bombtomb

cc在e前或在i/y前[k]cakepicturecoatmusic

[s]facedecidecinema

ch[tF]muchchickrichteacher

[k]schoolheadachechemistry

[F]machine

-ck[k]cockpocketblackknock

d[d]doctorbreadhandday

-dge[dV]bridgefridge

dr-[dr]childrendriverdrink

f[f]fivefourbreakfast

gg在ei/y前[A]baggardengo

[dV]orangelargeGerman

gh[f]coughenough

[/]lightdaughterhigh

gu--guegu在非重讀音節(jié)中[A]guessleaguedialogue

[Aw]languageanguish

h[h]hotheadhousehand

[/]hourhonest

j[dV]jeepjarjokejoinJuly

k[k]kindbikeskatemakeweek

kn-[n]knifeknowknock

I[I]lifemilkschooltall

m[m]monkeycomeautumn

-mn[m]autumncolumnsolemn

nn在[k][g]音前[n]notshinetennote

[N]unclethankhungry

-ng[N]morningyoungwrong

p[p]paperplanepigshippen

ph[f]elephantphototelephone

q[k]Iraq

qu-[kw]qualityquite

r[r]redrubberruler

s在詞首或清輔音前元音字母間或濁輔音前[s]sitsleepdesk

[z]musichusband

sc-[sk]scarlet

[s]musclescience

sh[F]shefishshirtwash

t在通常情況下在弱讀字母iaieio前[t]tenlettermeet

[F]patientnation

tch[tF]watch

th在通常情況下在冠詞代詞介詞連詞中在詞尾-the-ther中出]thinthirty

method

[T]thethesewiththan

[T]clothefatherweather

tr-[tr]treetraincountrytruck

v[v]veryvoiceloveleave

w[w]weekwinwakesweetwait

[/]Answertwo

wh-wh-在字母o前[w]whatwhenwhitewhy

[h]whowhosewhole

x在重讀元音前[ks]boxtextexercise

[gz]exampleexistexact

wr-[r]write

y-[j]yesyardyellowyoung

PEP文化知識總匯

PEP教材文化知識總匯共十類

夕

識書頁

單元文化主題關(guān)鍵詞

分冊數(shù)

類

Theknifeisontheright.Thefork

第五單元p

西餐禮儀isontheleft.Thespoonisbesidethe

上let'seat57

knife.Theplateisinthemiddle.

四

第五單元飯后甜點(diǎn)

上PIt'ssomethingsweet,likepudding,

whatwoulddessert的

食67fruitorice-cream*--

youlike介紹。

文

化

第三單元

what's

五P中國食品

your湯圓餃子粽子月餅

上36的英語表達(dá)

favorite

food

第一單元

welcome

Pwomen's

backto

11day

下school

Pchildren

第五單元

57'sday

whereismy

日ruler?

文

recycle2

化四PfatherChristmas>Christmastree、

Merry圣誕來了

上80turkey、gifts.

Christmas:

第二單元

五Pmothersday,father'sday,

mydaysof西方節(jié)日

上24thanksgivingday

theweek

出口和入

第六單元pentranceexitwomen'sme

口衛(wèi)生間標(biāo)

下atthezoo67n's

z志

活第四單元不同國家

常五rD

whatare的緊急求救911等

識下54

youdoing?號碼

日

第六單元

常六P水零度結(jié)

thestory

標(biāo)上78冰膨脹

oftherain

志

的第一單元

六P鯨魚的介

認(rèn)HowtallSpermwhale,killerwhale

下9紹

識areyou?

第三單元

六1D

last常見標(biāo)志nofishingnoswimming等

下36

weekend.

第六單元對爸爸和

四7

彳meetmy媽媽的多種mom,mommy,mama,dad,daddy,papa.

上9

呼family!:稱呼叫法

介第五單元同一個工

六Pactoractress,saleswoman,

紹whatdoes作性別不同

上66salesperson,mailman,mailperson.