初升高銜接英語句法知識復合句導學案

初升高銜接英語句法知識復合句并列復合句清單并列復合句表示并列關(guān)系的并列復合句表示選擇關(guān)系的并列復合句表示因果關(guān)系的并列復合句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列復合句梳理并列復合句是由并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。并列復合句的種類并列連詞例句表示并列關(guān)系的并列復合句and,notonly...butalso...等Mygrandfathermademeadesk,andIlikeitverymuch.表示選擇關(guān)系的并列復合句or,either...or...等①Areyougoingtotalktohimorareyougoingtowritehimaletter?②Eitheryoumustimproveyourwork,oryouhavetoleavethepany.表示因果關(guān)系的并列復合句so,for等①Thefilmbeginsat8,sowemustleavehomebefore7.②Heshookhishead,forhethoughtdifferently.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列復合句butJackstudiedveryhard,buthefailedtheexamlastweek.［特別提醒］★并列復合句有時可不用連詞，而用分號隔開（前后兩句的關(guān)系須相當緊密）?！锊⒘羞B詞后面的簡單句如果與前面的簡單句有相同的部分,則相同的部分常可省略。如：MymotherhasvisitedtheGreatWall,butmyfatherhasn't.刷題I.根據(jù)句意用and,but,or,so,for填空。1.1hadbrokenmyglasses,__________Icouldn'tseewhatwashappening.2.Doyouwanttogonow,__________wouldyouliketoleavelater?3.WouldyouliketogohikingwithusthisSunday?I'dloveto,__________Ihavetolookaftermylittlebrotherathome.4.Howdoyoulikethisskirt?It'sbeautiful__________itfitsmeverywell.5.Peterlikestabletennis,__________hisparentsdon'tlikeit.6.Goalongthisstreet,__________youwillfindalibraryonyourleft.7.Youmustputonthiscoat,__________you'llcatchacold.8.Thiswatchisold,__________itgoesquitewell.9.It'sraining,__________theyarestillplayingfootballintheplayground.10.Momboughtmeabikelastweek,__________Ilikeitverymuch.II.Thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,__________it'sspringnow.12.Thesuitfitsmewell,__________I'11takeit.II.完成句子,每空詞數(shù)不限。1.我把我的號碼給你，你把你的給我。Igiveyoumytelephonenumber,______________________________.2.你可以自己完成這項工作，也可以讓別人幫你完成。Eitheryoucanfinishtheworkyourself,______________________________.3.他不僅說得正確，而且說得不費勁。______________________________,buthealsospokeeasily.4.昨天我感冒了，所以沒有去上學。Icaughtacoldyesterday,______________________________.5.我認為這個游戲很有趣，但我妹妹不這么認為。Ithinkthegameisveryinteresting,______________________________.主從復合句梳理1賓語從句主從復合句賓語從句定語從句狀語從句梳理1賓語從句置于動詞或介詞等后面起賓語作用的從句叫賓語從句。關(guān)于賓語從句我們應掌握的要點有：(1)賓語從句的語序必須是_____________語序。(2)如果從句是陳述句，引導詞用that(that在口語或非正式文體中常省略)：如果從句是一般疑問句，引導詞用_____________；如果從句是特殊疑問句，引導詞用由疑問詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的疑問代詞或副詞。如：JknewthatJameswasstudyinginaEuropeancountry.Idon'tknowif/whethertherewillbetrainsanymore.Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendontheproject?(3)主句是現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)時，從句可用任何所需要的時態(tài);主句是過去時態(tài)時，從句要用表示_____________的相應時態(tài)；如從句表達的是客觀規(guī)律或真理，主句無論是何種時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：Doyouknowwhohaswonourcity'sEnglishspeechpetition?TerrytoldmethathewouldgotoFrancethenextmonth.Mr.Blacksaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearth.(4)可用it作形式賓語,而把賓語從句后置。如：Wehavemadeitclearthatwewilllearntodealwithvariousdifficultproblems.(5)介詞后可以跟賓語從句。如：Payattentiontowhatyou’redoing,willyou?梳理2定語從句在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞作定語的從句叫定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，引導定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞與先行詞指的是同一個人或物。(1)關(guān)系詞的用法關(guān)系詞先行詞在從句中的成分補充說明關(guān)系代詞who人主語、賓語（在口語中）whom,which和that在從句中作_____________時，常常可以省略。whom人賓語whose人;物定語that人;物主語，賓語which物主語，賓語關(guān)系副詞when時間時間狀語可用“介詞+which”替換where地點地點狀語可用“介詞+which”替換why原因原因狀語可用"for+which”替換(2)關(guān)系詞只用that的情況在以下幾種情況，定語從句通常只用that引導：★當先行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代詞時。如:Don'tbelieveeverythingthathetellsyou.★當先行詞被all,any,each,every,much,little,no,some,few等修飾時。如：Ihaverememberedallthenewwordsthatweshouldremembertoday.★當先行詞被theonly,thevery等修飾時。如：ThisistheverypersonthatI'mlookingfor.★當先行詞中既有人又有物時。如：TheyaretalkingaboutthepeopleandthethingsthattheymetinParis.★句中己經(jīng)有who或which時，為了避免重復,通常用that。如：Whoisthemanthatwonthegoldmedal?★先行詞有_____________或序數(shù)詞修飾時。如：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.梳理3狀語從句種類連接詞肘間狀語從句when,as,while,before,after,since,till/until,assoonas,themoment,theminute,whenever,thefirsttime,everytime,bythetime,nexttime,hardly...whennosooner...than...等地點狀語從句where,wherever原因狀語從句because,as,since,nowthat條件狀語從句if,unless,once目的狀語從句sothat,inorderthat結(jié)果狀語從句sothat,so...that,such...that方式狀語從句asthough,asif,as讓步狀語從句though,although,while,evenif/though,nomatter+疑問詞,疑問詞ever等 比較狀語從句than,as...as,notso/as...as [特別提醒]（1）在時間狀語從句中，主句表示將來意義時，從句需用一般現(xiàn)在時:while引導的從句中動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，until用在肯定句中主句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性的:as表伴隨“一邊……一邊……”或表漸進“隨著”。（2）在原因狀語從句中，____________的語氣最強，since較弱，as又次之。（3）在條件狀語從句中，謂語動詞常用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。（4）在目的狀語從句中常有情態(tài)動詞can/could,may/might,will.would等。（5）asif/though引導的從句可以用虛擬語氣。（6）although和though不可和____________連用。（7）比較狀語從句中常省略和主句相同的部分。刷題賓語從句I.用所給動詞的適當時態(tài)填空。1.HetoldtheboysEgypt____________(lie)inthenortheastofAfrica.2.Shesaidshe____________(watch)TVatnineo*clocklastnight.3.Ihopetheworld____________(be)morebeautifulinthefuture.4.Theyoungmandidn'tknowwhat____________(happen)therejustnow.5.Areyousurethey____________(play)basketballatthemoment?6.Idon'tunderstandwhyshe____________(like)hamburgerssomuch.7.Doyouknowhowthey____________(go)tothezooyesterday?8.HeasksmeifI____________(visit)Mr.Browntomorrow.9.I'msurehe____________(learn)severalforeignlanguagesalready.10.Helenthoughttheoldman____________(die)severalyearsago.II.把下列每組句子改為含賓語從句的復合句。1.Jackridesabiketothebeacheveryweekend.Sallytoldme._______________________________________________________________________2.Doesthewomanliveinthevillage?11mnotsure._______________________________________________________________________3.Whenwilltheybuildanewbridge?Sheaskedme._______________________________________________________________________4.Whywasthetrainlateagain?1didn'tknow._______________________________________________________________________5.WheredoesMrs.Linwork?Couldyoutellus?_______________________________________________________________________6.Isthereabanknearhere?1don'tknow._______________________________________________________________________III.根據(jù)漢語提示完成英語句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。1.Iwanttoknow______________________________________(你是怎樣算出那道題的).2.Simonaskedme______________________________________（我是否去跳舞）.3.Iremember______________________________________（他昨天給了我一本書）.4.Theteachertoldus______________________________________（太陽比地球大）.5.Sheaskedme______________________________________（我在等誰）.6.Couldyoutellme______________________________________（音樂會將什么時候開始)？定語從句I.用恰當?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空。1.Theboy___________yousawyesterdaycamehereagainthismorning.2.Theschool___________wevisitedlastweekisagoodone.3.Thehouse___________Ilivedfiveyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.4.Thisisthecity___________shewasborn.5.Thisistheteacher___________taughtmechemistryin1980.6.Thefilm___________wesawthedaybeforeyesterdaywasveryinteresting.7.Thepark___________wasbuiltfiveyearsagoisstillbeautiful.8.Doyouknowthegirl___________Ispoketo?9.Thisisall___________Ineedfortheexperiment.10.Isthereanythingelse___________youwantmetoget?11.Thisisthevillage___________Ievervisitedlastyear.12.Iwillalwaysrememberthedays___________wespentinthevillage.13.Iwillneverforgettheboy___________everhelpedme.14.Helivesintheroom___________doorisgreen.15.Thisisthebestmovie ___________wehaveseenthisyear.II.將下列句子合并為含定語從句的復合句。1.Doyouknowtheboy?Heisrunningthere._________________________________________________________________________2.Thewomanlikesdancing.Sheoftenwearsaredskirt._________________________________________________________________________3.Theshoesareunderthebed.Iboughtthemyesterday._________________________________________________________________________4.Lookattheputer.Itisonthedesk._________________________________________________________________________5.Themanteachesusmusic.Heisdrinkingtea._________________________________________________________________________6.Katelikesthemusic.Themusicisquietandrelaxing._________________________________________________________________________7.Thedictionaryistooexpensive.Iwanttobuythedictionary._________________________________________________________________________8.TheTVplaywaswonderful.WesawtheTVplaylastnight._________________________________________________________________________9.Thehouseisverybeautiful.Iusedtoliveinthehouse._________________________________________________________________________10.1haveevervisitedQingdao.Qingdaoisafantasticplace._________________________________________________________________________III.用關(guān)系詞（who,whose,that,which,when,where）補全下面短文。Childrenarealwayshappyontheday1._________theschoolyearendsandsummervacationbegins.Theythinkaboutalltheplans2._________theyhaveforthesummer.Somekidsgotoadaycamp3._________isnearthefamilyshome.Attheendoftheday,theygohome.Otherkidsgoawaytoacampinthecountry.Kidsareinstructedbycampcounselors（顧問）.Thesecounselorsareoftencollegestudents4._________aretryingtomakealittleextramoneyduringtheirsummervacation.Somekidsgotospecialized（專業(yè)的）camps,suchasamusiccamp,5._________theycanimproveaparticularskillorlearnanewhobby6._________theyareinterestedin.Therearesomekids7._________parentstakethemonatripinacar.Oftentheyvisitstateandnationalparks.Sometimestheycampoutinatent8._________thefamilyhasbroughtfromhome.Kids9._________havefailedagradeorcourseinschoolsometimesgotoasummerschooltocatchupwiththeirclassmates.Thesekidsdon'thaveasmuchfunastheirfriends10._________gotocamps狀語從句I.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞（含縮略詞）。1.Hewenttosleepaftereleveno'clock.He_________gotosleep_________eleveno'clock.2.Putonyourcoat,andyou'11feelverywarm._________youputonyourcoat,_________feelverywarm.3.Heistootiredtogoanyfarther.Heis_________tired_________hecan’tgoanyfarther.4.Iwillopentheboxifyoudon'tletmeknowwhat'sinit?Iwillopenthebox_________you___________________________what'sinit.5.Tomissocleverthatwealllikehim.Tomis___________________________boythatwealllikehim.II.用適當?shù)倪B接詞填空。1._________heopenedthewindow,abirdflewin.2.Ihaven’theardfromhim_________hewentabroad.3.Heran_________fast_________noonecouldcatchhim.4.Jennywillnotgoswimmingwithus_________sheistoobusy.5.Ifeltverysad_________thebookwaslost.6.Don'tmovejuststay_________youare!7.I’llcontinuewritingtoher,_________sheneveranswers.8.Heexplainedclearly_________wecouldunderstand.9.Don'tleavetheclassroom_________youfinishthetest.10.Shesings_________shewalks.11.Hewon'tetotheparty_________heisinvited.12._________sheisonlysevenyearsold,sheknowsquitealot.13._________heisnotold,hishairisturninggrey.14.Theteacherdidn'tbeginhisclass_________allthestudentswereseated.15._________Jamescaughtabadcoldyesterday,hehadtostayathome.16._________yougotobedearlier,youwon'tfeeltiredinthemorning.17.IwaswatchingTV,_________mysisterwaslisteningtomusic.18.Theclassroomisnotsoclean_________itwasyesterday.19.MoreandmoreforeignersarelearningChinese_________theycanmunicatewellwiththeChinese.20._________IgettoGuangzhou,Iwillwritetoyou.參考答案：并列復合句【刷題】I.1.so2.or3.but4.and5.but6.and7.or8.but9.but10.and11.for12.soII.1.andyougivemeyours2.oryoucanaskotherstohelpyoufinishit3.Henotonlyspokecorrectly4.soIdidn'tgotoschool5.butmysisterdoesn'tthinkso主從復合句【梳理1】陳述：if/whether:過去【梳理2】賓語：形容詞最高級【梳理3】because;but【刷題】賓語從句I.1.lies2.waswatching3.willbe4.happened5.areplaying6.likes7.went8.willvisit9.haslearned10.diedII.1.Sallytoldme(that)Jackrodeabiketothebeacheveryweekend.2.I'mnotsureif/whetherthewomanlivesinthevillage.3.Sheaskedmewhentheywouldbuildanewbridge.4.Ididn'tknowwhythetrainwaslateagain.5.CouldyoutelluswhereMrs.Linworks?6.Idon'tknowif/whetherthereisabanknearhere.III.1.howyouworkedouttheproblem2.if/whetherIwouldgodancing3.(that