高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)練案16必修3Module4SandstormsinAsia練習(xí)含解析外研版

一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料(高中)PAGEPAGE1必修三Module4SandstormsinAsiaⅠ.完形填空(2020·廣東惠州市高三調(diào)研)IwasfrustratedatnotbeingenteredintothenationalITcompetitionI'dappliedfor.Isatinthecar,lostin1.B，chewingonmylipandstaringoutside.Iwentupstairs,2.Aanddesperate.Grandpa'sdoorwasopenformeasusual.There,hewaswaitingformy3.Dwithgreatexcitement.Istoodsilently,forcinga4.Dtocovermysadness.Heseemedto5.Cmeimmediately,givingmea6.A.Iwasastonishedthatsucha7.Cbodywasfullofsomuchenergy.Onlythendidmyemotionsstart8.Dout.Itoldhimthatallmy9.Bwerefornothing,andthatIwasfeelingdiscouraged.Grandpasmiledatme10.Bandsaid,“Don'tworry.You'refarstrongerthanyouthink.”Thenhe11.A，“Lifecanbefullofupsanddownssowhatweneeddoisstillhaveourhopesand12.C，neglectingtheanxietythatmakesiteasytogiveup.”He13.Ameontheshoulder,withadeterminedlook,beforesaying,“Cheerup.I'mfirmly14.Athatyouhavethecapabilitytosucceed.”Grandpa'sencouragementsoonmademysadness15.D.Thenextday,Ithoughtaboutallmyproblemsand16.Daplan.Now,Ibelievethatwithapositiveattitudetowardsfailure,I'll17.Creachmygoals.Lookingback,Irealizethatweshouldshareoursetbacksandprogressinlifewithour18.Bones.Asmygrandpashowed,the19.Cofourfamilymemberswillbenefitus20.B.文章大意：本文通過作者與全國IT競賽失之交臂的故事告訴我們：不要畏懼失敗，應(yīng)該和我們所愛的人分享生活中的挫折和進(jìn)步，要相信家庭成員的支持將使我們永遠(yuǎn)受益。1．A.fear B．despairC．love D．need〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，作者沒有成功進(jìn)入全國IT競賽，此處表示作者坐在車?yán)铮两谑?despair)之中。2．A.weak B．strongC．sweet D．simple〖解析〗根據(jù)語境及空后的“anddesperate”可知，此時作者上樓時是無力且絕望的。故選A。A項意為“無力的；虛弱的”；B項意為“強壯的”；C項意為“甜的”；D項意為“簡單的”。3．A.suggestion B．commentC．discovery D．a(chǎn)rrival〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Grandpa'sdoorwasopenformeasusual.”可知，爺爺正在等著作者的到來(arrival)。故選D。A項意為“建議”；B項意為“評論”；C項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D項意為“到來”。4．A.tear B．sighC．signal D．smile〖解析〗根據(jù)該句中的“forcing”和“tocovermysadness”可知，作者應(yīng)該是強顏歡笑。故選D。A項意為“眼淚”；B項意為“嘆氣”；C項意為“信號”；D項意為“微笑”。5．A.ignore B．inspectC．read D．order〖解析〗根據(jù)語境，爺爺似乎立即理解了作者的心聲，給了作者一個擁抱(hug)。故選C。6．A.hug B．prideC．challenge D．wish〖解析〗參見上題〖解析〗。7．A.fine B．fitC．thin D．healthy〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，爺爺?shù)膿肀ё屪髡吆荏@訝，如此瘦削的身體竟然充滿這么多的能量。故選C。此處與空后的“somuchenergy”形成對比。8．A.dying B．turningC．checking D．pouring〖解析〗根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容及空后一句“Itoldhimthatallmy...discouraged.”可知，作者被爺爺一抱，所有的情緒奔涌(pouring)而出。故選D。dieout意為“滅絕；消失”；turnout意為“結(jié)果是”；checkout意為“檢查”。9．A.offers B．effortsC．promises D．profits〖解析〗根據(jù)語境及空后的“fornothing”可知，這里應(yīng)該是說，作者覺得他的努力(efforts)都白費了。故選B。A項意為“主動提議”；B項意為“努力”；C項意為“諾言”；D項意為“收益；利潤”。10．A.generally B．gentlyC．suddenly D．freshly〖解析〗根據(jù)空前的“smiledatme”和下文爺爺對作者說的話可知，此時爺爺是溫和地(gently)笑著說。故選B。11．A.added B．sharedC．helped D．served〖解析〗從下文的內(nèi)容可知，這里是“補充說”的意思。故選A。B項意為“分享”；C項意為“幫助”；D項意為“服務(wù)”。12．A.decisions B．respectsC．desires D．pains〖解析〗根據(jù)該句中的“Lifecanbefullofupsanddownssowhatweneeddoisstillhaveourhopesand12”可知，這里應(yīng)該選一個與“hopes”平行的詞，C項“渴望；欲望”符合語境。故選C。13．A.patted B．hitC．begged D．picked〖解析〗根據(jù)該句中的“He13meontheshoulder”可知，爺爺拍了拍(patted)作者的肩膀。故選A。14．A.convinced B．believedC．expected D．changed〖解析〗根據(jù)語境以及下文的“youhavethecapabilitytosucceed”可知，爺爺堅信作者有取得成功的能力，且beconvincedthat...是固定用法，意為“確信……”。故選A。15．A.arise B．preventC．continue D．disappear〖解析〗根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是說爺爺?shù)墓膭钍棺髡叩谋瘋芸煜?disappear)了。故選D。A項意為“出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生”；B項意為“阻止”；C項意為“繼續(xù)”；D項意為“消失”。16．A.turnedinto B．cameacrossC．caredabout D．workedout〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，此處是說作者制訂出(workedout)了一個計劃。17．A.merely B．a(chǎn)ctuallyC．eventually D．instantly〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，作者相信，以積極的態(tài)度對待失敗，自己終會實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。eventually“最終”符合語境。故選C。18．A.deserved B．belovedC．determined D．excited〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，這里是指要與我們所愛之人分享生活中的挫折和進(jìn)步。故選B。19．A.company B．gratitudeC．support D．blame〖解析〗從爺爺對作者的鼓勵可以看出，這里是指家人的支持(support)。故選C。20．A.never B．foreverC．however D．wherever〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，這里是指家人的支持將使我們永遠(yuǎn)受益。故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2021·昆明市調(diào)測)Anewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanet-warminggasesmayreduceimportantnutrients(營養(yǎng)物)infoodcrops.Researchersstudiedtheeffectsofcarbondioxideonrice.Intheexperiment,scientistsgrew18kindsofriceinfieldsinChinaandJapan.Theysetcarbondioxidelevelstowhatscientistsarepredictingforourplanetbytheendofthecentury.Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein(蛋白質(zhì))．Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszincthanricegrownundernormalconditions.However,vitaminElevelsincreasedbyabout13percentonaverage.Theresearcherssaidtheeffectsofplanet-warminggaseswouldbemostsevereforthepoorestcitizensinsomeoftheleastdevelopedcountries.Thesepeoplegenerallyeatthemostriceandhavetheleastcomplexdiets.Thatincludesabout600millionpeopleinIndonesia,Cambodia,Myanmar,Bangladesh,Laosandothernations,mainlyinSoutheastAsia.Otherstudieshaveshownthathighertemperaturesfromclimatechangeandweatherextremeswillreducefoodproduction.Andscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggasesthreatenfoodquality.Earlierstudiesshowedthatwheat,rice,fieldpeasandsoybeansgrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsallhadlowerlevelsofproteinandminerals.Scientistspredictedthatalmost150millionpeoplemightbeatriskofhavingtoolittleproteinorzincintheirdietby2050.Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange.Thatistogrowdifferentformsofricethatcanadapttohighercarbondioxidelevels.文章大意：本文介紹了溫室氣體如何減少糧食作物中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)以及降低氣候變化對營養(yǎng)物的損害的方法。1．GrowingriceunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsmayB.A．increaseironintherice B．makeitlessnutritiousC．causelossesofvitaminE D．makeitmoredelicious〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevels...lessprotein(蛋白質(zhì))．”可知，B項為正確〖答案〗。A、C、D三項的表述均與原文表述不符。2．Howcanpeoplereducethenutritionalharmofclimatechange？DA．ByimportingricefromChinaandJapan.B．Bytakingotherkindsoffoodinsteadofrice.C．ByavoidingeatingricefromSoutheastAsia.D．Bygrowingricesuitablefortheenvironment.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Thatistogrowdifferentformsofricethatcanadapttohighercarbondioxidelevels.”可知，D項為正確〖答案〗。3．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext？BA．Toinformreaderswhatnutrientsfoodcropscontain.B．Tocallonpeopletocarefortheplanettheyliveon.C．Tosharetheresultsofsomestudiesonpeople'sdiets.D．Totellreaderswherefoodcropsaremainlyproduced.〖解析〗主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文通過介紹溫室氣體增加對糧食作物的影響來喚起人們對人類賴以生存的地球家園的保護(hù)。故選B。4．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext？CA．Advertisements. B．Artandculture.C．Sciencereports. D．Businessnews.〖解析〗推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是文中的“study”“Researchers”“studies”等可推知，本文是一篇研究報道，在雜志的科學(xué)報道部分能讀到本文。Ⅲ.七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余項。(2020·惠州市高三第一次調(diào)研考試)HowtoCultivateConfidence?Whenfacedwithabigchallengewherepotentialfailureseemstoappearateverycornermaybeyou'llhearthisadvice:“Bemoreconfident.”1.ATakethebeliefthatyouarevaluable,worthwhile,andcapable,alsoknownasself-esteem.Confidenceturnsthoughtsintoaction.Itcomesfromthegenesyouarebornwith,thewaypeoplegetusedtotreatingyouaswellasthechoicesyoumake.Whileitisn'tpossibletocompletelyseparatethesethreefactors,thepersonalchoiceswemakeobviouslyplayamajorroleinconfidencedevelopment.Asaresult,bykeepinginmindcertainpracticaltips,wedoactuallyhavethepowertocultivateourownconfidence.2.FIfyou'relookingforalong-termchange,considerthewayyouthinkaboutyourabilitiesandtalents.Doyouthinktheyarefixedatbirth,orthattheycanbedeveloped?Thesebeliefsmatterbecausetheycaninfluencehowyouactinthefaceofsetbacks.Ifyouhaveafixedmindset,meaningthatyourtalentsarelockedinpace,youmightgiveup,assumingyou'vediscoveredsomethingyou'renotgoodat.Butifyouhaveagrowthmindset,andthinkyourabilitiescanimprove,achallengewillbecomeanopportunitytolearnandgrow.Neuroscience(神經(jīng)學(xué))supportsthelatter.Theconnectionsinyourbraindogetstrongerandgrowwithstudyandpractice.3.GPracticingfailureisamust.Failurehappens.4.CJ．K.RowlingwasrejectedbytwelvedifferentpublishersbeforeonepickedupHarryPotter.TheWrightBrothersbuiltonhistory'sfailedattemptsatflightbeforedesigningasuccessfulairplane.Studiesshowthatthosewhofailregularlyandkeeptryinganywayarebetterequippedtorespondtochallengesinaconstructiveway.5.ESo,thinkofachallengeyouwanttotakeon,realizeit'snotgoingtobeeasy,acceptthatyou'llmakemistakes,andbekindtoyourselfwhenyoudo.You'llfeeltheexcitement,knowingthatwhatevertheresult,you'llhavegainedgreaterknowledgeandunderstanding.A．Butwhatisconfidence?B．Socanconfidencebeeasilycultivated?C．Everyoneispossibletoencounterfailure.D．Beingatalentedpersonisquitenecessary.E．Theylearntotrydifferentstrategiesandpersevere.F．Believinginyourabilitiestoimproveisthefirststep.G．Italsoturnsoutthatpeoplewithagrowthmindsetarebetteratdealingwithchallenges.文章大意：這是一篇議論文。文章就如何培養(yǎng)自信給出了方法，首先要相信自己，其次要明白失敗是人生常事?！冀馕觥?．根據(jù)上文中的“Bemoreconfident.”及文章標(biāo)題可知，此處是在講述要自信，故接下來的話題也與自信相關(guān)。A項意為“但什么是自信？”，承接上文，符合語境。故選A項。2．根據(jù)上文的“Asaresult,bykeepinginmindcertainpracticaltips,wedoactuallyhavethepowertocultivateourownconfidence.”和下文“Ifyou'relookingforalong-termchange,considerthewayyouthinkaboutyourabilitiesandtalents.”可知，有一些實用的小技巧來培養(yǎng)自信，如果你想尋求長期地改變，想想你對自己能力和才能的看法。F項意為“相信自己有能力提高是第一步”。承上啟下，符合語境。故選F項。3．根據(jù)上文“Theconnectionsinyourbraindogetstrongerandgrowwithstudyandpractice.”可知，你大腦中的聯(lián)系會隨著學(xué)習(xí)和實踐而增強和增長，即成長型的思維模式會使人進(jìn)步。G項意為“事實證明，具有成長型思維模式的人更善于應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)”。承接上文，符合語境。故選G項。4．根據(jù)文章第三段前兩句“Practicingfailureisamust.Failurehappens.”可知，失敗是常常發(fā)生的，故接下來也是關(guān)于失敗的內(nèi)容。C項意為“每個人都可能遭遇失敗?！保薪由衔?，符合語境。故選C項。5．根據(jù)上文的“Studiesshowthatthosewhofailregularlyandkeeptryinganywayarebetterequippedtorespondtochallengesinaconstructiveway.”可知，那些經(jīng)常失敗并且堅持嘗試的人，更有能力以建設(shè)性的方式應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)，故此處與堅持相關(guān)。E項意為“他們學(xué)會嘗試不同的策略并持之以恒。”承接上文，符合語境，該句中的they指代前句的“thosewhofailregularlyandkeeptrying”。故選E項。Ⅳ.語法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2021·合肥市調(diào)測)ClassicalChinesegardendesignaimstocreateanaturallandscapeonasmallscaleandemphasizetheperfectharmonybetweenmanandnature.AChinesegarden1.is(be)likeascroll(卷軸)painting,2.showing(show)aseriesofcarefullycomposedscenes.Newviewsarerevealedasonewalksalongthepathways.Inthegardens,3.whatmostfrequentlymeettheeyesarewindingpathsthatseeminglyleadtonowhere.There,apathseemstoend,butallof4.asudden,anewworldisrolledoutbeforeyou:pavilions(亭子),rockformationsandspringwater—allcombinedtoprovideapleasantsurprise!Atthe5.entrance/entry(enter)toaChinesegarden,thereisusuallyahugestoneorwall6.used(use)toscreenyourviewsoastolaterproduceunimaginabledelightwhenyouturnaroundthewall.AChinesegardenmayhavewindowsonall7.its(it)fourwalls.Anditis8.interesting(interest)that,throughthewindows,visitorsmayseedifferentviewsfromdifferentangles,andthusthecompositionofthegardenbecomesenlarged.AChinesegardenisaplacewherecultureisbothcreatedandenjoyed.Allplantsmarktheshiftof9.seasons(season)．Similarly,water,asymboloftheever-changing,10.androcks,asymboloftheeternal(永恒的),createaharmoniousbalanceofnature'syinandyang.文章大意：該文主要對中國古典園林設(shè)計進(jìn)行了簡要的介紹?！冀馕觥?．考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。本句的主語為AChinesegarden，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，又因為整篇文章用的都是一般現(xiàn)在時。故用is。2．考查非謂語動詞。show和句子的謂語動詞之間沒有連詞連接，且和句子的主語AChinesegarden構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。3．考查名詞性從句的連接詞。結(jié)合句意，在花園中，最引人注目的就是蜿蜒的小徑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在主語從句中作主語，表示物的概念。故應(yīng)填what。4．考查冠詞。allofasudden＝suddenly，意為“突然”，為固定用法。故用不定冠詞a。5．考查名詞。由空前的定冠詞the可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，表示“入口”。故用entrance/entry。6．考查非謂語動詞。結(jié)合句意，通常會有一塊巨大的石頭或一堵墻用來擋住你的視線，這樣當(dāng)你轉(zhuǎn)過墻時就會產(chǎn)生難以想像的快樂。use和句子的謂語is之間沒有連詞連接。故用非謂語，又因為和其邏輯主語ahugestoneorwall之間構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系。故用過去分詞作后置定語。7．考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此處作定語，修飾名詞walls。故用形容詞性物主代詞its。8．考查形容詞。此處是固定句型：itis＋形容詞＋that...，it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。故此處應(yīng)用interest的形容詞形式interesting。9．考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。season是可數(shù)名詞，且其前沒有限定詞，表示泛指。故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。10．考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空處前后為邏輯上的并列關(guān)系。故用連詞and。必修三Module4SandstormsinAsiaⅠ.完形填空(2020·廣東惠州市高三調(diào)研)IwasfrustratedatnotbeingenteredintothenationalITcompetitionI'dappliedfor.Isatinthecar,lostin1.B，chewingonmylipandstaringoutside.Iwentupstairs,2.Aanddesperate.Grandpa'sdoorwasopenformeasusual.There,hewaswaitingformy3.Dwithgreatexcitement.Istoodsilently,forcinga4.Dtocovermysadness.Heseemedto5.Cmeimmediately,givingmea6.A.Iwasastonishedthatsucha7.Cbodywasfullofsomuchenergy.Onlythendidmyemotionsstart8.Dout.Itoldhimthatallmy9.Bwerefornothing,andthatIwasfeelingdiscouraged.Grandpasmiledatme10.Bandsaid,“Don'tworry.You'refarstrongerthanyouthink.”Thenhe11.A，“Lifecanbefullofupsanddownssowhatweneeddoisstillhaveourhopesand12.C，neglectingtheanxietythatmakesiteasytogiveup.”He13.Ameontheshoulder,withadeterminedlook,beforesaying,“Cheerup.I'mfirmly14.Athatyouhavethecapabilitytosucceed.”Grandpa'sencouragementsoonmademysadness15.D.Thenextday,Ithoughtaboutallmyproblemsand16.Daplan.Now,Ibelievethatwithapositiveattitudetowardsfailure,I'll17.Creachmygoals.Lookingback,Irealizethatweshouldshareoursetbacksandprogressinlifewithour18.Bones.Asmygrandpashowed,the19.Cofourfamilymemberswillbenefitus20.B.文章大意：本文通過作者與全國IT競賽失之交臂的故事告訴我們：不要畏懼失敗，應(yīng)該和我們所愛的人分享生活中的挫折和進(jìn)步，要相信家庭成員的支持將使我們永遠(yuǎn)受益。1．A.fear B．despairC．love D．need〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，作者沒有成功進(jìn)入全國IT競賽，此處表示作者坐在車?yán)铮两谑?despair)之中。2．A.weak B．strongC．sweet D．simple〖解析〗根據(jù)語境及空后的“anddesperate”可知，此時作者上樓時是無力且絕望的。故選A。A項意為“無力的；虛弱的”；B項意為“強壯的”；C項意為“甜的”；D項意為“簡單的”。3．A.suggestion B．commentC．discovery D．a(chǎn)rrival〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Grandpa'sdoorwasopenformeasusual.”可知，爺爺正在等著作者的到來(arrival)。故選D。A項意為“建議”；B項意為“評論”；C項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D項意為“到來”。4．A.tear B．sighC．signal D．smile〖解析〗根據(jù)該句中的“forcing”和“tocovermysadness”可知，作者應(yīng)該是強顏歡笑。故選D。A項意為“眼淚”；B項意為“嘆氣”；C項意為“信號”；D項意為“微笑”。5．A.ignore B．inspectC．read D．order〖解析〗根據(jù)語境，爺爺似乎立即理解了作者的心聲，給了作者一個擁抱(hug)。故選C。6．A.hug B．prideC．challenge D．wish〖解析〗參見上題〖解析〗。7．A.fine B．fitC．thin D．healthy〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，爺爺?shù)膿肀ё屪髡吆荏@訝，如此瘦削的身體竟然充滿這么多的能量。故選C。此處與空后的“somuchenergy”形成對比。8．A.dying B．turningC．checking D．pouring〖解析〗根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容及空后一句“Itoldhimthatallmy...discouraged.”可知，作者被爺爺一抱，所有的情緒奔涌(pouring)而出。故選D。dieout意為“滅絕；消失”；turnout意為“結(jié)果是”；checkout意為“檢查”。9．A.offers B．effortsC．promises D．profits〖解析〗根據(jù)語境及空后的“fornothing”可知，這里應(yīng)該是說，作者覺得他的努力(efforts)都白費了。故選B。A項意為“主動提議”；B項意為“努力”；C項意為“諾言”；D項意為“收益；利潤”。10．A.generally B．gentlyC．suddenly D．freshly〖解析〗根據(jù)空前的“smiledatme”和下文爺爺對作者說的話可知，此時爺爺是溫和地(gently)笑著說。故選B。11．A.added B．sharedC．helped D．served〖解析〗從下文的內(nèi)容可知，這里是“補充說”的意思。故選A。B項意為“分享”；C項意為“幫助”；D項意為“服務(wù)”。12．A.decisions B．respectsC．desires D．pains〖解析〗根據(jù)該句中的“Lifecanbefullofupsanddownssowhatweneeddoisstillhaveourhopesand12”可知，這里應(yīng)該選一個與“hopes”平行的詞，C項“渴望；欲望”符合語境。故選C。13．A.patted B．hitC．begged D．picked〖解析〗根據(jù)該句中的“He13meontheshoulder”可知，爺爺拍了拍(patted)作者的肩膀。故選A。14．A.convinced B．believedC．expected D．changed〖解析〗根據(jù)語境以及下文的“youhavethecapabilitytosucceed”可知，爺爺堅信作者有取得成功的能力，且beconvincedthat...是固定用法，意為“確信……”。故選A。15．A.arise B．preventC．continue D．disappear〖解析〗根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是說爺爺?shù)墓膭钍棺髡叩谋瘋芸煜?disappear)了。故選D。A項意為“出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生”；B項意為“阻止”；C項意為“繼續(xù)”；D項意為“消失”。16．A.turnedinto B．cameacrossC．caredabout D．workedout〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，此處是說作者制訂出(workedout)了一個計劃。17．A.merely B．a(chǎn)ctuallyC．eventually D．instantly〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，作者相信，以積極的態(tài)度對待失敗，自己終會實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。eventually“最終”符合語境。故選C。18．A.deserved B．belovedC．determined D．excited〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，這里是指要與我們所愛之人分享生活中的挫折和進(jìn)步。故選B。19．A.company B．gratitudeC．support D．blame〖解析〗從爺爺對作者的鼓勵可以看出，這里是指家人的支持(support)。故選C。20．A.never B．foreverC．however D．wherever〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，這里是指家人的支持將使我們永遠(yuǎn)受益。故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2021·昆明市調(diào)測)Anewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanet-warminggasesmayreduceimportantnutrients(營養(yǎng)物)infoodcrops.Researchersstudiedtheeffectsofcarbondioxideonrice.Intheexperiment,scientistsgrew18kindsofriceinfieldsinChinaandJapan.Theysetcarbondioxidelevelstowhatscientistsarepredictingforourplanetbytheendofthecentury.Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein(蛋白質(zhì))．Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszincthanricegrownundernormalconditions.However,vitaminElevelsincreasedbyabout13percentonaverage.Theresearcherssaidtheeffectsofplanet-warminggaseswouldbemostsevereforthepoorestcitizensinsomeoftheleastdevelopedcountries.Thesepeoplegenerallyeatthemostriceandhavetheleastcomplexdiets.Thatincludesabout600millionpeopleinIndonesia,Cambodia,Myanmar,Bangladesh,Laosandothernations,mainlyinSoutheastAsia.Otherstudieshaveshownthathighertemperaturesfromclimatechangeandweatherextremeswillreducefoodproduction.Andscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggasesthreatenfoodquality.Earlierstudiesshowedthatwheat,rice,fieldpeasandsoybeansgrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsallhadlowerlevelsofproteinandminerals.Scientistspredictedthatalmost150millionpeoplemightbeatriskofhavingtoolittleproteinorzincintheirdietby2050.Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange.Thatistogrowdifferentformsofricethatcanadapttohighercarbondioxidelevels.文章大意：本文介紹了溫室氣體如何減少糧食作物中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)以及降低氣候變化對營養(yǎng)物的損害的方法。1．GrowingriceunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsmayB.A．increaseironintherice B．makeitlessnutritiousC．causelossesofvitaminE D．makeitmoredelicious〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevels...lessprotein(蛋白質(zhì))．”可知，B項為正確〖答案〗。A、C、D三項的表述均與原文表述不符。2．Howcanpeoplereducethenutritionalharmofclimatechange？DA．ByimportingricefromChinaandJapan.B．Bytakingotherkindsoffoodinsteadofrice.C．ByavoidingeatingricefromSoutheastAsia.D．Bygrowingricesuitablefortheenvironment.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Thatistogrowdifferentformsofricethatcanadapttohighercarbondioxidelevels.”可知，D項為正確〖答案〗。3．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext？BA．Toinformreaderswhatnutrientsfoodcropscontain.B．Tocallonpeopletocarefortheplanettheyliveon.C．Tosharetheresultsofsomestudiesonpeople'sdiets.D．Totellreaderswherefoodcropsaremainlyproduced.〖解析〗主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文通過介紹溫室氣體增加對糧食作物的影響來喚起人們對人類賴以生存的地球家園的保護(hù)。故選B。4．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext？CA．Advertisements. B．Artandculture.C．Sciencereports. D．Businessnews.〖解析〗推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是文中的“study”“Researchers”“studies”等可推知，本文是一篇研究報道，在雜志的科學(xué)報道部分能讀到本文。Ⅲ.七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余項。(2020·惠州市高三第一次調(diào)研考試)HowtoCultivateConfidence?Whenfacedwithabigchallengewherepotentialfailureseemstoappearateverycornermaybeyou'llhearthisadvice:“Bemoreconfident.”1.ATakethebeliefthatyouarevaluable,worthwhile,andcapable,alsoknownasself-esteem.Confidenceturnsthoughtsintoaction.Itcomesfromthegenesyouarebornwith,thewaypeoplegetusedtotreatingyouaswellasthechoicesyoumake.Whileitisn'tpossibletocompletelyseparatethesethreefactors,thepersonalchoiceswemakeobviouslyplayamajorroleinconfidencedevelopment.Asaresult,bykeepinginmindcertainpracticaltips,wedoactuallyhavethepowertocultivateourownconfidence.2.FIfyou'relookingforalong-termchange,considerthewayyouthinkaboutyourabilitiesandtalents.Doyouthinktheyarefixedatbirth,orthattheycanbedeveloped?Thesebeliefsmatterbecausetheycaninfluencehowyouactinthefaceofsetbacks.Ifyouhaveafixedmindset,meaningthatyourtalentsarelockedinpace,youmightgiveup,assumingyou'vediscoveredsomethingyou'renotgoodat.Butifyouhaveagrowthmindset,andthinkyourabilitiescanimprove,achallengewillbecomeanopportunitytolearnandgrow.Neuroscience(神經(jīng)學(xué))supportsthelatter.Theconnectionsinyourbraindogetstrongerandgrowwithstudyandpractice.3.GPracticingfailureisamust.Failurehappens.4.CJ．K.RowlingwasrejectedbytwelvedifferentpublishersbeforeonepickedupHarryPotter.TheWrightBrothersbuiltonhistory'sfailedattemptsatflightbeforedesigningasuccessfulairplane.Studiesshowthatthosewhofailregularlyandkeeptryinganywayarebetterequippedtorespondtochallengesinaconstructiveway.5.ESo,thinkofachallengeyouwanttotakeon,realizeit'snotgoingtobeeasy,acceptthatyou'llmakemistakes,andbekindtoyourselfwhenyoudo.You'llfeeltheexcitement,knowingthatwhatevertheresult,you'llhavegainedgreaterknowledgeandunderstanding.A．Butwhatisconfidence?B．Socanconfidencebeeasilycultivated?C．Everyoneispossibletoencounterfailure.D．Beingatalentedpersonisquitenecessary.E．Theylearntotrydifferentstrategiesandpersevere.F．Believinginyourabilitiestoimproveisthefirststep.G．Italsoturnsoutthatpeoplewithagrowthmindsetarebetteratdealingwithchallenges.文章大意：這是一篇議論文。文章就如何培養(yǎng)自信給出了方法，首先要相信自己，其次要明白失敗是人生常事。〖解析〗1．根據(jù)上文中的“Bemoreconfident.”及文章標(biāo)題可知，此處是在講述要自信，故接下來的話題也與自信相關(guān)。A項意為“但什么是自信？”，承接上文，符合語境。故選A項。2．根據(jù)上文的“Asaresult,bykeepinginmindcertainpracticaltips,wedoactuallyhavethepowertocultivateourownconfidence.”和下文“Ifyou'relookingforalong-termchange,considerthewayyouthinkaboutyourabilitiesandtalents.”可知，有一些實用的小技巧來培養(yǎng)自信，如果你想尋求長期地改變，想想你對自己能力和才能的看法。F項意為“相信自己有能力提高是第一步”。承上啟下，符合語境。故選F項。3．根據(jù)上文“Theconnectionsinyourbraindogetstrongerandgrowwithstudyandpractice.”可知，你大腦中的聯(lián)系會隨著學(xué)習(xí)和實踐而增強和增長，即成長型的思維模式會使人進(jìn)步。G項意為“事實證明，具有成長型思維模式的人更善于應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)”