2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語UNIT5FIRSTAIDSectionⅠReadingandThinking檢測含解析新人教版選擇性必修第二冊

PAGEPAGE8ReadingandThinkingⅠ.閱讀理解ACanyouimaginethatyoucansaveyourownlifeduringaheartattackbycoughing?Let'sseehow...Aheartattackcanhappentoanyone.Let'ssayit's4：17pmandyou'redrivinghome(aloneofcourse)afteranunusuallyharddayonthejob.Notonlywastheworkloadextremelyheavy,butyoualsohadadisagreementwithyourboss,andnomatterhowhardyoutried,hejustwouldn'tseeyoursideofthesituation.You'rereallyupsetandthemoreyouthinkaboutit,themorenervousyoubecome.Allofasuddenyoustartexperiencingseverepaininyourchestthatstartstospreadoutintoyourarmanduptoyourjaw(下巴).Youareonlyaboutfivemilesfromthehospitalnearestyourhome,butunfortunatelyyoudon'tknowifyou'llbeabletomakeitthatfar.Whatcanyoudo?You'vebeentrainedinCPRbuttheguywhotaughtthecoursedidn'ttellyouhowtoperformitonyourself.Sincemanypeoplearealonewhentheysufferaheartattack,thisarticleseemsinorder.Withouthelpthepersonwhoseheartstopsbeatingproperlyandwhobeginstofeelfaint(眩暈的)hasonlyabout10secondsleftbeforelosingconsciousness.However,thesevictimscanhelpthemselvesbycoughingrepeatedlyandverypowerfully.Adeepbreathshouldbetakenbeforeeachcough,andthecoughmustbedeepandlastlong,aswhenproducingsputum(痰)fromdeepinsidethechest.Abreathandacoughmustberepeatedabouteverytwosecondswithoutstoppinguntilhelparrives,oruntiltheheartfeelstobebeatingnormallyagain.Deepbreathsgetoxygenintothelungs(肺)andcoughingmovementssqueezetheheartandkeepthebloodcirculating.Thesqueezingpressureontheheartalsohelpsitregainnormalrhythm.Inthisway,heartattackvictimscangettoaphoneand,betweenbreaths,callforhelp.Now,doyouunderstandthewholematter?Tellasmanyotherpeopleaspossibleaboutthis.Itcouldsavetheirlives!語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在心臟病發(fā)作時如何利用咳嗽自救。1．Accordingtothepassage,CPRismostprobablysomethingdoneto.A．regainsomeone'sbreathandheartbeatB．helpsomeonetreataheartattackbyhimselfC．teachpeoplehowtostayingoodstateD．trainpeoplehowtostaycalmwhenfacingdangers解析：選A推理推斷題。由文章和常識可知，心臟病發(fā)作時會呼吸困難，心跳可能會停止，再結(jié)合第四段中的You'vebeentrainedinCPRbuttheguywhotaughtthecoursedidn'ttellyouhowtoperformitonyourself.可以推想CPR是幫助患者重獲呼吸和心跳的急救措施。2．AccordingtoParagraph5,coughingduringaheartattackhelps.A．torelaxtheheartB．togetoxygenintothelungsC．tokeepthebloodcirculatingD．toreducethepaininthechest解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第五段最終一句中的coughingmovementssqueezetheheartandkeepthebloodcirculating可知C項正確。3．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A．a(chǎn)longday'sworkusuallyresultsinheartattacksB．notonlythechestacheswhenonesuffersaheartattackC．peopleshouldattendaCPRcoursetosurviveheartattacksD．oneshouldcoughloudlyimmediatelywhenone'schestaches解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的Allofasuddenyoustartexperiencingseverepaininyourchestthatstartstospreadoutintoyourarmanduptoyourjaw(下巴).可知，心臟病發(fā)作時除胸口會痛外，手臂和下巴也會痛。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoureadthispassage?A．HealthCare. B．Advertisement.C．Family. D．Teaching.解析：選A文章出處題。本文介紹的是醫(yī)學(xué)常識，由此可以推斷其應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在醫(yī)療保健的版面上。BImaginethis:You'rebleeding.Nothingseemstomakeitstop.Thenyouapplyageltoyourwound,andthebloodstopscomingoutwithinseconds.You'rehealedinminutes.ThisistheVetiGel,createdbyJoeLandolina—a22-year-oldwhoinventedtheproductmanyyearsago.LandolinaisnowthefounderandCEOofSuneris,acompanythatproducesthegel.SunerisannouncedlastweekthatitwouldbegintoshipVetiGeltovetslaterthissummer.Humanswon'tbefarbehind.Wheninjectedintoawoundsite,thegelcanformaclotwithin12secondsandhealthewoundwithinminutes.Onceithitsthedamagedtissue,whetherit'sopenskinorasoftorgan—livers,kidneys—thegelinstantlyformsastructure.“Whatthatmeans,ontheonehand,isthatthegelwillmakeastructurethatholdsthewoundtogether，”Landolinasays.Asfast-actingasVetiGelis,itsinventormaybefaster.Landolinainventedanearlyversionofthegeloutofhisgrandfather'slab.Hewasstillinhighschool.Overthenextfourandahalfyears,Landolinaturnedtheprototypeintoabusiness.Thefirstproductcosts＄150.LandolinasaysSunerishasitssightssetonUSfirst,followedbyareleaseinEuropeandAsiasometimeearlynextyear.Afewyearsdowntheline,Landolinasays,thegoalwillbetoexpandoutofvetofficestohelptreatmembersofourownspecies.HeforecastsreceivingFDAapprovalwithintheyearfortestingonhumanwounds.Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,VetiGelwillfirsthelpmilitarypersonnelandEMTstreatinjuries.Thenitwillenteroperatingroomsand,finally,individualhomes.LandolinasaysSunerishasyettoobserveanynegativesideeffectsofVetiGel.Thecompanyholdsweeklymeetingswithvetstoensuretheproductmeetstheirneeds.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一位叫作JoeLandolina的少年，獨創(chuàng)了一種止血凝膠。5．Whydoesthewriterusetheunderlinedsentences?A．Totellthereadershowtostopthebleeding.B．Toarousethereaders'interestinthetopic.C．Toshowwhatisthebestwaytohealwound.D．Totellthereadershowtoavoidinjuries.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)句意可知，作者用畫線句子是為了讓讀者設(shè)身處地地想自己流血的狀況，從而引起讀者對這個話題的愛好。6．WhatwilltheVetiGelbefirstusedtotreat?A．Vets. B．Humans.C．Animals. D．Students.解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中的SunerisannouncedlastweekthatitwouldbegintoshipVetiGeltovetslaterthissummer.Humanswon'tbefarbehind.可知，讓獸醫(yī)先在動物身上試用該藥品。7．WhatmadetheVetiGelstopbleeding?A．Thesoftorgan. B．Thedamagedtissue.C．Thewound. D．Theclot.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句Wheninjectedintoawoundsite,thegelcanformaclotwithin12secondsandhealthewoundwithinminutes.可知，是藥在傷口上形成一個凝塊也就是clot才幫助止血。8．Ifthemedicineentersindividualhomes,itmust．A．getthepermissionfromFDAB．havesomenegativesideeffectsC．meetneedsofsomecompaniesD．expandoutofthehospitals解析：選A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段其次句HeforecastsreceivingFDAapprovalwithintheyearfortestingonhumanwounds.可知，得到FDA(食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局)的認證才能在人類身上運用。CAbout20yearsago,Itookajobinasmallhospital'semergencydepartment.NoonewantedtoworkonNewYear'sEve,sotheshift(輪班)wenttome.Ikissedmyfamilygoodbyeandwentofftospendthenightinthehospital.Itwasathanklessjob.At9pm,theambulancebroughtinamaninhis60swhowashavingaheartattack.Hisfacewaspale,andhewasfrightened.ThewholenightIdidmybesttosavehislife.BeforeIleftinthemorningtospendNewYearwithmyfamily,Istoppedbytoseehowhewasdoing.Itwasstilltough,buthehadsurvivedthenightandwassleeping.ThefollowingyearIgotNewYear'sEvedutyagain.At9pmsharp,thewardclerktoldmetherewasacouplewhowantedtospeakwithme.WhenIapproachedthem,themanintroducedhimselfasMrLeeandsaid,“Youprobablydon'trememberme,butlastNewYear'sEveyousavedmylife.Thankyoufortheyearyougaveme.”Heandhiswifehuggedme,handedmeasmallgift,andleft.Thefollowingyearanewdoctorhadjoinedthegroup,butIwantedtoseeifMrandMrsLeewouldreturn.Thistime,Ivolunteeredfortheshift.Ikeptaneyeonthedoor.Onceagain,atexactly9pm,theLeesappeared,carryingawarmlywrappedbundle.Itwastheirnewgrandchild.MrLee,hisfamilyandIspent13NewYear'sEvestogether.Inthelateryearsthestaffallknewaboutthestoryandwouldworktogivemetimewithhiminthebreakroom,wherewespentahalf-houreachNewYear'sEve.ThelastyearIsawhim,hebroughtmeagift.Icarefullyopenedthepackageandfoundacrystal(水晶)bellinside.Itwasengraved(鐫刻)withasingleword:Friendship.Now,myfamily,friendsandIringthatbelleveryNewYear'sEveatexactly9pmandofferourbestwishestothemanwhowewon'tforget.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了多年前，作者在除夕夜挽救了一位因心臟病發(fā)作而生命垂危的病人的生命的故事，向人們展示了一段令人難忘的友情。9．WhywasworkingonNewYear'sEveconsidered“athanklessjob”？A．Mostpatientswereseriouslyill.B．Patientsrefusedtoexpressthanks.C．Doctorshadnothingtodoonthatday.D．Doctorscouldn'tgetpraiseforthehardjob.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章所敘述并且結(jié)合實際，可推知在除夕夜值班是一件出力不討好的工作，所以選D項。10．HowwasMrLeewhentheauthorleftthehospitalthenextmorning?A．Hewasreallyangrywithher.B．Hewasstillinastateofdanger.C．Hegotreadytoleavethehospital.D．Herecoveredfromhisheartattack.解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Itwasstilltough,buthehadsurvivedthenightandwassleeping.可知，MrLee的狀況還是不樂觀的，所以選B項。11．Accordingtothepassage,theauthorformedahabitof.A．celebratingNewYear'sEvewithherfamilyB．givingNewYeargiftstothehospitalstaffC．spendingNewYear'sEvewithMrLeeinthehospitalD．ringingthebellforpatientsintheemergencydepartment解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段中的MrLee,hisfamilyandIspent13NewYear'sEvestogether.可知，13年來，作者與李先生一家都在醫(yī)院慶祝新年的到來，這都成為一種習(xí)慣了，所以選C項。12．WhydoestheauthorringthebellonNewYear'sEve?A．Tohonorherworkingexperience.B．Totellkidsthetraditionalcustom.C．Toshowthebeginningoftheholiday.D．Torememberanoldfriendofhers.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第五段中的Now,myfamily,friendsandIringthatbelleveryNewYear'sEveatexactly9pmandofferourbestwishestothemanwhowewon'tforget.可知，他們敲那個鐘是為了紀(jì)念MrLee，所以選D項。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Mostpeopleactuallydonotknowhowtodobasicfirstaidonmildburns.Itisnormallytakenforgrantedthatsoaking(浸泡)theburnwithwateristhewaytogo.1Oncetheburnappearsyouwillsurelyfeelmuchpainontheactualburntskin.Technically,thisisthetimetostaycalm.2Findingasourceofrunningwaterisrecommended.However,ifthereisnone,anysourcewilldo.Ifthereisrunningwater,simplyplacetheburntareaunderitandallowittosoakinthewaterforabout5to10minutes.3Ifyouhaveaccesstoiceoracoldcompress(冷敷布),youcanusethataswell.Youcanplacetheiceorcoldcompressontheaffectedareaandleaveitthereabout15to30minutes.Theicewillnumbthepainandwillalsostopmoreinjuriesontheskin.Aftersoakinginwaterorcoolingtheareawithice,removefromthewatersourceandallowthemoisturetodrynaturally.Youmayalsoconsiderpattingitdrywithatowelornapkin;however,thiscoulddamagetheburntskinevenmore.4Assoonastheareadriescompletely,getabandageorastripofcloth.5Thiswillprotectthatareafrominfectioncausedbyoutsidedirtanddustgettingintotheopenburn.A．Itisbesttodryitnaturallyinstead.B．Calladoctormayaswellhelpinmostburncases.C