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重難點(diǎn)1-1基本不等式求最值基本不等式是高考熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,是??汲P碌膬?nèi)容,是高中數(shù)學(xué)中一個(gè)重要的知識(shí)點(diǎn),在解決數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用,尤其是在函數(shù)最值問(wèn)題中。題型通常為選擇題與填空題,但它的應(yīng)用范圍幾乎涉及高中數(shù)學(xué)的所有章節(jié),它在高考中常用于大小判斷、求最值、求最值范圍等。在高考中經(jīng)??疾爝\(yùn)用基本不等式求函數(shù)或代數(shù)式的最值,具有靈活多變、應(yīng)用廣泛、技巧性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)。在復(fù)習(xí)中切忌生搬硬套,在應(yīng)用時(shí)一定要緊扣“一正二定三相等”這三個(gè)條件靈活運(yùn)用。【題型1直接法求最值】滿分技巧條件和問(wèn)題之間存在基本不等式的關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)化符號(hào):若含變量的項(xiàng)是負(fù)數(shù),則提取負(fù)號(hào),將其轉(zhuǎn)化為正數(shù),再利用“公式”求最值.乘方:若目標(biāo)函數(shù)帶有根號(hào),則先乘方后配湊為和為定值.【例1】(2023·河南信陽(yáng)·高三宋基信陽(yáng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為()A.0B.1C.-1D.2【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則由基本不等式可得SKIPIF1<0,所以有SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.故選:B.【變式1-1】(2023·山東聊城·高三統(tǒng)考期中)已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:A【變式1-2】(2023·上海青浦·高三??计谥校┤鬝KIPIF1<0且滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【變式1-3】(2023·河北保定·高三易縣中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))若SKIPIF1<0都是正數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.【變式1-4】(2023·河南·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為.【答案】1【解析】由題意,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),即SKIPIF1<0.【題型2配湊法求最值】滿分技巧將目標(biāo)函數(shù)恒等變形或適當(dāng)放縮,配湊出兩個(gè)式子的和或積為定值.配湊法的實(shí)質(zhì)在于代數(shù)式的靈活變形,配系數(shù)、湊常數(shù)是關(guān)鍵。利用配湊法求解最值應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題:(1)配湊的技巧,以整式為基礎(chǔ),注意利用系數(shù)的變化以及等式中常數(shù)的調(diào)整,做到等價(jià)變形;(2)代數(shù)式的變形以配湊出和或積的定值為目標(biāo);(3)拆項(xiàng)、添項(xiàng)應(yīng)注意檢驗(yàn)利用基本不等式的前提.【例2】(2023·全國(guó)·高三專題練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值是SKIPIF1<0.【變式2-1】(2023·福建廈門·高三廈門外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校??计谥校┮阎猄KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.1D.2【答案】A【解析】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào).即SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:A【變式2-2】(2023·山西晉中·高三??奸_(kāi)學(xué)考試)已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為()A.2B.4C.5D.6【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故選:B【變式2-3】(2023·江西·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí))已知實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】4【解析】SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),取得最小值.【變式2-4】(2023·上海楊浦·高三復(fù)旦附中??茧A段練習(xí))已知正實(shí)數(shù)x,y滿足:SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取得等號(hào);故SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0.【變式2-5】(2023·天津和平·高三耀華中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0等號(hào)成立.【題型3消元法求最值】滿分技巧根據(jù)條件與所求均含有兩個(gè)變量,從簡(jiǎn)化問(wèn)題的角度來(lái)思考,消去一個(gè)變量,轉(zhuǎn)化為只含有一個(gè)變量的函數(shù),然后轉(zhuǎn)化為函數(shù)的最值求解.有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)多元的問(wèn)題,解決方法是消元后利用基本不等式求解.注意所保留變量的取值范圍?!纠?】(2023·福建莆田·高三莆田一中??计谥校?shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.1B.2C.3D.4【答案】D【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0取等號(hào)故選:D.【變式3-1】(2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·高三統(tǒng)考期中)已知正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)檎龑?shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,此時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.【變式3-2】(2023·浙江金華·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.4B.6C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:D【變式3-3】(2023·重慶·高三渝北中學(xué)校考階段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0/SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立.所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【變式3-4】(2023·河南洛陽(yáng)·高三校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由已知得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【題型4“1”的代換求最值】滿分技巧1、若已知條件中的“1”(常量可化為“1”)與目標(biāo)函數(shù)之間具有某種關(guān)系(尤其是整式與分式相乘模型),則實(shí)施“1”代換,配湊和或積為常數(shù).模型1:已知正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的最小值。SKIPIF1<0模型2:已知正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0求SKIPIF1<0的最小值。SKIPIF1<02、常數(shù)代換法適用于求解條件最值問(wèn)題.應(yīng)用此種方法求解最值的基本步驟為:(1)根據(jù)已知條件或其變形確定定值(常數(shù));(2)把確定的定值(常數(shù))變形為1;(3)把“1”的表達(dá)式與所求最值的表達(dá)式相乘或相除,進(jìn)而構(gòu)造和或積的形式;(4)利用基本不等式求解最值.【例4】(2023·遼寧鐵嶺·高三校聯(lián)考期中)已知正數(shù)a,b滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.25B.36C.42D.56【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為36.故選:B.【變式4-1】(2023·河北張家口·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí))若正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.1【答案】B【解析】正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.【變式4-2】(2023·遼寧·高三校聯(lián)考期中)若正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0.【解析】由正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,時(shí)等號(hào)成立.【變式4-3】(2023·青海海南·高三校聯(lián)考期中)已知實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由已知可得,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.所以,SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【變式4-4】(2023·重慶·高三重慶一中??茧A段練習(xí))若正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】根據(jù)條件SKIPIF1<0,得:SKIPIF1<0,又函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0都是正數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等,所以最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【變式4-5】(2023·河南周口·高三校考階段練習(xí))已知正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立.故SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【題型5雙換元法求最值】滿分技巧雙換元法是“1”的代換更復(fù)雜情況的應(yīng)用,常用于分母為多項(xiàng)式的情況。具體操作如下:如分母為與,分子為,設(shè)∴,解得:【例5】(2023·四川巴中·高三統(tǒng)考開(kāi)學(xué)考試)已知SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.10B.9C.8D.7【答案】B【解析】由題意SKIPIF1<0得,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,結(jié)合SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),也即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,故SKIPIF1<0的最小值為9,故選:B【變式5-1】(2023·全國(guó)·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.【變式5-2】(2023·山東·高三省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)校考期中)已知a,b,c均為正實(shí)數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,原式SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【變式5-3】(2023·福建龍巖·高三校聯(lián)考期中)已知SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】8【解析】由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立.【題型6齊次化法求最值】【例6】(2023·四川·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí))已知實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.【變式6-1】(2022·全國(guó)·高三專題練習(xí))若SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為_(kāi)__________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),結(jié)合SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0【變式6-2】(2022秋·福建南平·高三??计谥校┮阎獙?shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】由題意得,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0等號(hào)成立,又SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:D【變式6-3】(2023·全國(guó)·高三專題練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為_(kāi)________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.【題型7構(gòu)造不等式求最值】滿分技巧當(dāng)條件式中給出了"和"與"積"之間的關(guān)系時(shí),可以考慮借助基本不等式進(jìn)行放縮,由條件式構(gòu)建得到關(guān)于"和"或"積"的不等式,解此不等式即可求得"和"或"積"的最值.【例7】(2023·廣東江門·高三統(tǒng)考階段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由題意SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,令SKIPIF1<0,則上式為:SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍),所以SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0.【變式7-1】(2023·全國(guó)·高三專題練習(xí))若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是()A.SKIPIF1<0B.1C.2D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),因此SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最小值2.故選:C【變式7-2】(2023秋·江西吉安·高三統(tǒng)考期末)已知實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為()A.10B.8C.4D.2【答案】B【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,變形為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),取等號(hào),即SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的最大值為8.故選:B.【變式7-3】(2023·全國(guó)·高三專題練習(xí))設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為_(kāi)_____.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由基本不等式可得SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,故SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.【變式7-4】(2022秋·山西晉中·高三??茧A段練習(xí))已知正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值是___________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào).所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的最大值SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào).故答案為:SKIPIF1<0【題型8多次使用不等式求最值】滿分技巧通過(guò)多次使用基本不等式求得代數(shù)式最值的過(guò)程中,需要注意每次使用基本不等式時(shí)等式成立的條件不同?!纠?】(2023·新疆喀什·統(tǒng)考一模)已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.【變式8-1】(2023·上海徐匯·高一上海中學(xué)??计谥校┤魓,y,z均為正實(shí)數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0的最大值是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取到等號(hào).【變式8-2】(2023·遼寧丹東·高三鳳城市第一中學(xué)校考階段練習(xí))若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】4【解析】由完全平方公式可知:SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),所以有SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào).【變式8-3】(2023·天津?qū)幒印じ呷J臺(tái)第一中學(xué)??计谀┮阎猄KIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值是SKIPIF1<0.(建議用時(shí):60分鐘)1.(2023·廣東·高三統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試)若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值()A.4B.5C.6D.7【答案】C【解析】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào).故選:C2.(2023·河北·高三統(tǒng)考階段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.8B.16C.12D.4【答案】A【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為8.故選:A.3.(2023·黑龍江牡丹江·高一牡丹江第三高級(jí)中學(xué)??计谥校┮阎猄KIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是()A.4B.8C.12D.16【答案】D【解析】已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)“SKIPIF1<0”成立,故所求最小值是16.故選:D.4.(2023·四川·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.5.(2023·全國(guó)·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在直線SKIPIF1<0上,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.4D.2【答案】C【解析】因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在直線SKIPIF1<0上,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),其取得最小值4.故選:C.6.(2023·廣東肇慶·高三統(tǒng)考階段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為()A.2B.SKIPIF1<0C.4D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,故選:B7.(2023·重慶·高三渝北中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))若SKIPIF1<0都是正實(shí)數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.4D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,或SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:A8.(2023·河南·高三校聯(lián)考期中)已知正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.16B.SKIPIF1<0C.8D.4【答案】D【解析】由正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0又由SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.9.(2023·重慶·高三重慶一中??茧A段練習(xí))已知正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.9B.8C.3D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】由條件知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào).故選:C10.(2022·重慶·高三統(tǒng)考階段練習(xí))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為()A.10B.9C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】由已知,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0得:SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立.SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.11.(2023·湖北·高三校聯(lián)考期中)(多選)已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】ABC【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,故A正確;易知SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),故B正確;因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,故C正確;因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤.故選:ABC12.(2023·遼寧朝陽(yáng)·高三建平縣實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí))(多選)已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0的最小值為9B.SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0【答案】CD【解析】A:因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),SKIPIF1<0取得最小值SKIPIF1<0,錯(cuò);B:SKIPIF1<0,二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì)知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0取得最小值SKIPIF1<0,錯(cuò);C:因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),對(duì);D:SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取等號(hào),對(duì).故選:CD13.(2023·山東·高三濟(jì)南一中校聯(lián)考期中)(多選)若實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則()A.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最大值B.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最大值C.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最小值D.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最小值【答案】ACD【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,SKIPIF1<0有最大值,最大值為18,選項(xiàng)A正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0化SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以方程SKIPIF1<0有兩不等實(shí)根SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,只要SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即方程SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不等正根,相應(yīng)的關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的方程SKIPIF1<0都有實(shí)數(shù)解,所以SKIPIF1<0取任意大的正實(shí)數(shù),都存在SKIPIF1<0使之成立,從而SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0沒(méi)有最大值,選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最小值,最小值為-6,選項(xiàng)C正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,SKIPIF1<0有最小值,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,選項(xiàng)D正確.故選:ACD.14.(2023·全國(guó)·高三模擬預(yù)測(cè))(多選)實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0【答案】ACD【解析】對(duì)于A選項(xiàng),由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取“=”,故A正確;對(duì)于B選項(xiàng),令SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,SKIP
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