近五年北京中考英語(yǔ)試題及答案

2022年北京中考英語(yǔ)試題及答案

第一部分

本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最符合題目要求的一項(xiàng)。

一、單項(xiàng)填空（每題0.5分，共6分）

從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

1.Mysisterisonlysix,butcanalreadyhelpwithsomehousework.

A.heB.sheC.itD.they

【答案】B

2.Wehavehistoryclass_______threeo'clockeveryFridayafternoon.

A.atB.onC.inD.to

【答案】A

3.—Itakephotoshere?

—Sorry,youcan't.It'snotallowedinthemuseum.

AMustB.NeedC.CanD.Will

【答案】C

4.Aftertakingtennisclasses,Timismuch________thanlastyear.

A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.the

strongest

【答案】B

5.—wi11LiuYangstayinthespacestationthistime?

——Forsixmonths.

A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.How

soon

【答案】A

6.Mr.Smithhashelpedmealot,_________I'mthankfultohim.

A.orB.butC.forD.so

【答案】D

7.Theworkers__thecommunitycenternow.

A.cleanedB.werecleaningC.willcleanD.are

cleaning

【答案】D

8.Don'tloseheart.Ifyoukeepworkinghard,you_________someday.

A.willsucceedB.succeedC.succeededI).have

succeeded

【答案】A

9.I________aboutmysisterwhenmyphonerang.Itwasher!

A.thinkB.willthinkC.wasthinkingD.am

thinking

【答案】C

10.JimalotaboutChineseculturesincehebegantostudyinourschool.

A.learnsB.learnedC.willlearnD.has

learned

【答案】D

11.Onourfarm,thetealeavesbyhandwhentheyareready.

A.pickB.pickedC.arepickedD.were

picked

【答案】C

12.—Doyouknowthenewnationalpark?

一Yes,Ido.Toprotectwildlifeandbenefitthelocalpeople.

A.whydidChinasetupB.whyChinasetup

C.whendidChinasetupD.whenChinasetup

【答案】B

二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）

閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最

佳選項(xiàng)。

OurChristmasGoose

OnacoldmorningthatDecember,mybrotherRickandIweresenttoUncle

Tommie'sontheothersideofLittleMountaintogetagooseforChristmasdinner.

Thislongjourneyoverthemountainwashardbutworthit.

Thatmorning,darkcloudswerecomingtogetheroverhead.Iknewitwasgoing

tosnowonthe13.

Whenwearrived,UncleTowniewasalreadywaitingforus."Boys,I'mnot

14youoff,“hesaid,“butthewindispickingup.You"dbettergetthe

gooseandheadforhomesoon.w

Afteraquickthank-youandgoodbyeItookthegooseandweleft.Halfwayup

themountain,itbegantosnowheavily.Iheldthegoose15tome.

Bythetimewereachedthetopofthemountain,itshowedmoreheavily.Andthe

windseemedtoblowstraightthroughmycoat.IsteppedinfrontofRick."Youmust

becold.Openyourcoat!M

"Arcyoucrazy?wRickasked."I'11losewhatlittlewarmthIhave!MWhen

hesawIwas16,heslowlyopenedhiscoat.

Iplacedthewarmgooseinsidehiscoat.Ricksighedhappily（舒了口氣）.Myplan

was17.

Onthewaydown,Istartedtoshiver（發(fā)抖）.Ricksaid."Dave,it'syourturn

now.n

Hepassedmethegoose.Foralongmoment,Ijuststoodand18my

freezing（冰冷的）handsonhisbody.Wepassedthegoosebackandforth（來(lái)回地）

betweenusalltheway.Finally,Wegothome.

Sittingatthetable,weexplainedhowthegoosekeptusfromfreezing."We

can,thavehimfordinner!Thisgoosehelped19ourlives,“Isaid.

Later,wenamedthegooseCharleyandhelivedouthislifeintheyard,bossing

aroundthechickensandanothergooseweboughttokeephimcompany.Alifeasthe

mostimportantbirdwasfittingforour20.

13.A.mountainB.islandC.lakeD.beach

14.A.payingB.rushingC.showingD.

calling

15.A.lightlyB.secretlyC.highD.close

16.A.frightenedB.regretfulC.seriousD.

surprised

17.A.workingB.continuingC.improvingD.

changing

18.A.raisedB.driedC.warmedD.

examined

19.A.spareB.saveC.treasureD.give

20.A.leaderB.bossC.guideD.hero

【答案】13.A14.B15.1)16.C17.A18.C19.B20.D

【13題詳解】

句意：我知道山上要下雪了。

mountain山；island島；lake湖；beach沙灘。根據(jù)前文“ontheothersideofLittle

Mountain”可知，是山上,故選

【14題詳解】

句意：孩子們，我不是要趕你們走。

paying付錢(qián);rushing沖;showing展示;calling打電話。根據(jù)<4butthewindispicking

up.You'dbettergetthegooseandheadforhomesoon.w可知，風(fēng)越來(lái)越大了，叔

叔建議我們最好趕快帶上鵝回家，但本意不是趕我們走，故選B。

【15題詳解】

句意：我把鵝抱緊。

lightly輕地;secretly秘密地;high高；close近。根據(jù)"Halfwayupthemountain,it

begantosnowheavily.Iheldthegoose...tome."可知，雪越下越大，把鵝抱緊取暖，

故選Do

【16題詳解】

句意：當(dāng)他看到我是認(rèn)真的，他慢慢地打開(kāi)他的外套。

frightened害怕的；regretful后悔的；serious嚴(yán)肅的，認(rèn)真的；surprised驚訝的。聯(lián)

系上下文，下雪很冷，我讓弟弟把衣服敞開(kāi)，當(dāng)他看到我是認(rèn)真的，他才這樣做，故選C。

【17題詳解】

句意：我的計(jì)劃奏效了。

working工作,有效；continuing繼續(xù)；improving提升；changing改變。根據(jù)“[placed

thewarmgooseinsidehiscoat.Ricksighedhappily（舒了口氣）可知，鵝給了弟

弟溫暖，所以我的計(jì)劃奏效了，故選A。

【18題詳解】

句意：有很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，我只是站在他身上，用凍僵的手取暖。

raised籌集;dried弄干；warmed使溫暖；examined檢查。根據(jù)"Ijuststoodand...my

freezing（冰冷的）handsonhisbody”可知，用鵝給自己溫暖，故選C。

【19題詳解】

句意：這只鵝救了我們的命。

spare勻出；save節(jié)省，救；treasure珍惜；give給。根據(jù)“Wecan'thavehimfordinner!

Thisgoosehelped...ourlives,”和上文內(nèi)容可知,鵝使我們免于凍僵,所以是救了我

們，故選故

【20題詳解】

句意：作為最重要的鳥(niǎo)是我們一生的英雄。

leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；boss老板：guide導(dǎo)游；her。英雄。鵝救了我們，所以是我們的英雄，故選

Do

三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選

項(xiàng)。

A

WHOISYOURROLEMODEL?WHY?

ImissMrs.Whitemostafter

MyrolemodelismyneighborMs.Li.

primaryschool.Shewasourmath

Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstill

teacherandalwayspatientwithus.

youngatheart.Ioftenseeherridingher

Shehelpedustoworkouttheanswers

bikeintheparkandshealsospendstime

ourselves,nomatterhowdifficultthe

doingvolunteerwork.Shehelpsme

questionswere.SoMrs.Whiteismy

understandthatpeoplewon'tbeoldif

rolemodel,andIwanttobeateacher

theystillhaveagreatloveforlife.

likeherinthefuture.

Adam

Betty

NormanBethunewasaCanadiandoctor.YuanLongpingismyrolemodel.He

In1938,Dr.BethunecametoChinaandisoneofthegreatestagricultural

helpedtreatthewounded.Heoftenworked（農(nóng)業(yè)的）scientistsofourtime.He

veryhardwithoutresting.Once,heworkedhardtogrowbetterriceto

managedtosaveoveronehundredlivesinsolvetheproblemsoffoodshortage.

sixty-ninehours.HeisstillrememberedItissadthatMr.Yuanhasleftus,

inbothChinaandCanadatoday.Soheisbuthisdreamsarecarriedbymany

myrolemodel.plantandagriculturalresearches.

PeterEmma

21.WhoisEmma'srolemodel?

A.Ms.Li.B.Mrs.White.

C.NormanBethune.D.YuanLongping.

22.WhatdoesBettywanttobeinthefuture?

A.Ateacher.B.Ascientist.C.Adoctor.D.A

volunteer.

23.WhatdoweknowaboutMs.Li?

A.Sheworkedinahospital.

B.Shesolvedthefoodproblens.

C.Sheisoldinagebutyoungatheart.

D.Sheisverypatientwithherstudents.

【答案】21.D22.A23.C

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四欄中“YuanLongpingismyrolemodel."可知，袁隆平是艾瑪?shù)?/p>

榜樣，故選D。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二欄中“andIwanttobeateacherIikeherinthefuturew可

知，貝蒂以后想成為一名老師，故選A。

【23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一欄中aMyrolemodelismyneighborMs.Li.Sheisinhereighties

nowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.”可知,李奶奶已經(jīng)八十多歲了，但內(nèi)心仍很年輕。

故選Co

B

Ijoinedaband（樂(lè)隊(duì)）asadrummerinmymiddleschool.Ithoughtitwould

befunplayingthedrumandmeetingnewfriends.Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonth

later,itgotdifficult.Iwastheonlyonewhocouldn*tkeeppace（節(jié)奏）with

theotherplayers.

Ourteacher,Angie,singledmeouttokeeppracticingwhileeveryoneelsegot

torelax.Ifeltashamed（羞愧的）asmyteammateswatchedmefailsomanytimes.

FinallyIgotsotiredofpracticingthatIdidn'tcareaboutdoingitright.

“Arcyougivinguponme.Steve?”Angieasked.

“Yes,Iam,"Ishouted.AngiesentmeinsidethemusicroomwhereIcriedout.

Thenshecameinandsaid."Don'tbesad.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit!”Shetold

menevertogiveup.SheleftmealoneandIrealizedAngiewasright—bygiving

up,Iwasalsogivingupontheteamandmyself.

Withhercomfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.However,Istillcouldn,tplay

well.Knowingmydifficulties,myteammatesgavemeahand.Theyspentaboutthree

morehourspracticingwithmeeveryweek.Thankstotheirsupportandhelp,Ibegan

tokeeppacewiththem.Later,weperformedwonderfullyinanimportantshow.

Inthewholeprocess,Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodo

inashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.Ifelt

acceptedandmadegreatprogress.Iloveeveryoneintheband.Ican,timaginewhat

myschoollifewouldbelikewithoutthem.

24.Onemonthafterhejoinedtheband,Stevefeltplayingthedrumwas.

A.funnyB.helpfulC.noisyD.

difficult

25.WithAngie,scomfort,Stevedecidedto_________.

A.haveagoodrestB.goonpracticing

C.giveothersahandD.startanotherband

26.Fromhisexperience,Stevelearnedabout.

A.thevalueofteamworkB.theeffectofshows

C.theimportanceofhobbiesD.thepowerofmusic

【答案】24.D25.B26.A

【24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.w可知一個(gè)月后Steve覺(jué)得敲

鼓是困難的。故選D。

【25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Withhercomfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.n可知在老師的

鼓勵(lì)下，他決定繼續(xù)練習(xí)。故選h

【26題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,

itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.M可知Steve學(xué)會(huì)

了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的價(jià)值。故選A。

C

Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?Greenismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeans

takingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Buyingagreenproductisasmal1

stepeveryonecantake.Decidingwhetheraproductisgreen,however,isn'talways

easy.Weneedtoconsiderthewholelifecycleoftheproductevenafterit'sof

nouse.Hereiswhatwemaykeepinmind.

U產(chǎn)iU-1

g/tftnctalpaperj

packugini：

Thematerialsofaproductareusuallyourfirstfocus（關(guān)注）.Whatisitmade

of?Arethereanyharmfulchemicalsinit?Greenproductsaremadeofmorenatural

materialswhicharcfreefromharmfulchemicals,sotheycanbegoodforourphysical

health.

Packagingisimportant.Howisaproductpackaged?Isitoverpackaged?We'd

betterchooseglass,metalandpaperpackaging,asthesecanbereusedormoreeasily

recycled（回收利用）.Wecanalsolookforlesspackagingorevenchooseunbagged

productswheneverpossible.

Location（地點(diǎn)）matters.Wherewasaproductproduced?Wherearewebuyingit?

Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittoustrytochooselocalproducts.

Whenitcomestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfronlocalfarmer,shop

atmarketsandbuyfruitsinseason.Buyingfromstoresnearourhousesisalsoa

goodchoice,becausewecangotherewithoutdrivingacar.

Lookintowhatthecompanytellsusabouttheirproduct.It'seasytosaythat

aproductis“green"or“allnaturalwbutthewordsmaybetoogoodtobetrue.

So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwithagrainsail.

Afterall,companiestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproductsareenvironmentally

responsible.

Thegreenestthingiscertainlytheonewedon'tbuy.Thingslikefoodand

clothingarenecessaryforlife.Butmanyothersarenot.Betterthanbuyingis

choosingtoleaveanunnecessaryproductinthestoreanddoingwithout.Itsends

amessagetotheproducer,keepsmoneyinourpockets,reduces（減少）wasteandkeeps

theplanethealthy.

27.Thewriterwouldsuggestchoosingaproductthatis.

A.overpackagedB.deliveredfromabroad

ClocallyproducedD.madeofunnaturalmaterials

28.Thewords“betakenwithagrainofinsalt“Paragraph5probablymean

A.beeasilyunderstoodB.notbecompletelybelieved

C.bewidelyspreadD.notbequicklyforgotten

29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.BuyingGreenB.RecyclingWaste

C.KeepingHealthyD.ReducingEnergyUse

【答案】27.C28.B29.A

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittoustrytochoose

localproducts.Whenitcomestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocal

farmer,...”可知，作者建議選擇當(dāng)?shù)厣a(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，故選C。

【28題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。分析“So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwith

agrainofsalt.Afterall,companiestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproducts

areenvironmentallyresponsible.v可知，公司試圖讓我們相信他們的產(chǎn)品對(duì)環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)，

但是我們應(yīng)該秉持一個(gè)懷疑的態(tài)度，此處“betakenwithagrainofsalt”的意思是“不

被完全相信”，故選B。

【29題詳解】

最佳標(biāo)題題，本文作者通過(guò)解釋“Green”這個(gè)詞，呼吁大家保護(hù)環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)A“BuyingGreen”

符合主題，故選A。

D

APathway（路徑）toMeaninginLife

Whenitcomestoameaningfullife,wemightthinkoflove,happinessandhealth.

Alifefilledwithmeaningiswhatmostofuswantforourselves.Then,whatmakes

ameaningfullife?

Manyresearchersagreethatameaningfullifecomesdowntothreefactors（因

素）:havinglong-termgoals,believingthaton。'slifematters,andfeelingthat

one'slifefitstogetherand“makessenseM.

Butwebelievethereismoretoconsider.Sometimeslifeenablesustoexperience

smallmomentsofbeauty.Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating（欣賞）suchexperiences,

thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.Wecallthisexperiential

appreciation（EA）.EAisaboutthepersonfeelingconnectedtoeventsandbeingable

toappreciatethevaluewithintheconnection.Itshowsthediscoveryofand

admirationforlife'sbeauty.

WerecentlysetouttobetterunderstandEAinstudies.Wewereinterestedin

whetherEAwasalsotiedtogeneraljudgmentofmeaninginlife.Ifso,itcould

beafactorformeaningfulness.

Inthefirststudy,wehadpeoplerate（評(píng)估）theirsupportfordifferentmethods

ofreducingstress.Wefoundthatpeoplewhomanagedstresstyfocusingontheir

appreciationforlife'sbeautyalsoreportedexperiencinglifeashighly

meaningful.

Inthenextstudy,weaskedpeopletoratethedegreetowhichtheyagreedwith

variousstatements,suchas“Iappreciatethebeautyoflife"and“Iappreciate

littlethingsinlife,waswellasotherstatementsthatrelatedtothethreefactors

andageneralsenseofmeaninginlife.Ourresultsshowedthatthemorepeople

reportedthattheywereaappreciatinglifewanditsmanyexperiences,themore

theyfelttheirlifewasvaluable.

Inthefollowingstudies,wefurtherlookedattheconnectionbetweenEAand

mcaningfulness.Forexample,wefoundthatpeoplewhowereaskedtolookbackon

themostmeaningfuleventofthepastweekgenerallyreportedhighEAinthose

moments.

Alltheresultsprovedourtheory（假設(shè)）true.Butputtingitintopracticecan

bedifficult.Ourfast-pacedlifestylesfillthedaywithgoals.Wetrytogetthe

highestoutputbothatworkandinsparetime.Thisfocusonfutureoutcomesmakes

italltooeasytomisswhatishappeningrightnow.Weshouldslowdownandlet

lifesurpriseus.

30.YouweremostprobablyintheEAconditionwhen.

A.youmadeatravelplanforthecomingholiday

B.youhurriedtoservethecustomersinthestore

C.youpracticedhardtobeconethebestviolinist

D.youstoppedtoadmiretherosesbytheroadside

31.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudiesmentionedinthepassage?

A.Thinkingbacktothepastweakensoursenseofmeaning.

B.Enjoyingsmallthingscaninfluenceourattitudetowardlife.

C.Properstressmanagementisthekeytolivingasatisfyinglife.

D.Goodjudgmentonbeautyimprovesconnectionsamongpeople.

32.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?

A.Itiseasierforresults-drivenpeopletoachievesuccess.

B.Weoftenturnablindeyetothepresentmoment.

C.Afast-pacedlifestylehelpsusreachourgoals.

D.Futurelifewillbringusnanymoresurprises.

33.Whatisthewriter*smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Toexplainhowtodiscoverbeautyinlife.

B.Todiscusswhatthetruemeaningoflifeis.

C.Tointroduceanewfactorforameaningfullife.

D.Tocomparedifferentfactorsformeaningfulness.

【答案】30.D31.B32.D33.B

30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating（欣賞）suchexperiences,

thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.Wecallthisexperiential

appreciation（EA）.”可知，當(dāng)人們樂(lè)于欣賞這樣的經(jīng)歷時(shí)，這些時(shí)刻可能會(huì)改善他們對(duì)自

己生活的看法，我們稱之為體驗(yàn)欣賞。選項(xiàng)D“你停下來(lái)欣賞路邊的玫瑰”符合，故選D。

31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Sometimeslifeenablesustoexperiencesmallmomentsofbeauty.

Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating（欣賞）suchexperiences,thesemomentsmay

improvehowtheyseetheirownlife.M可知,生活讓我們體驗(yàn)到美麗的小瞬間，當(dāng)人們

樂(lè)于欣賞這樣的經(jīng)歷時(shí)，這些時(shí)刻可能會(huì)改善他們對(duì)自己生活的看法。故選B。

【32題詳解】

段落大意題。根據(jù)"Weshouldslowdownandletlifesurpriseus."可知，我們應(yīng)該

慢下來(lái)，讓生活給我們驚喜。所以最后一段告訴我們未來(lái)的生活將給我們帶來(lái)更多的驚喜,

故選Do

【33題詳解】

主旨大意題。本文主要討論是什么讓生活變得有意義，故選B。

第二部分

本部分共6題，共20分。根據(jù)題目要求，完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。

四、閱讀表達(dá)（每題2分，共10分）

閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。

WorkingOutthroughOnlineVideos

Physicalexerciseisgoodforourmind,bodyandspirit.Today,workingout

throughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.SincetheInternetiswidelyused,

it'sveryeasyforustodoso.Thatmeanswecanworkoutanytimeanywhere.

Oneofmyfriends,LinFei.followedshortworkoutvideostododailyexercise.

“Withliveprograms,Ifeellikeworkingoutwithmyfriends,whichencouragesme

toholdontothelastminute."shesaid.Anotherfriendofmine,Michael,told

methatworkoutvideoslethimfeelsocomfortable."Ihaveafearofworkingout

atthegym（健身房）becauseIdon'tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.Workingoutat

homemakesworkingoutmuchmoreenjoyable.whesaid.

Withtheirexamples,Idecidedtogiveitatry.WhenItoldmyplantomyelder

sister,aP.E.teacher,sheremindedmethatworkoutvideoscouldbehelpfulbut

mightstillcarrysomeproblems.

aWithoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswilling（愿意的）

toworkouttoyourbest.Workingoutatthegymallowsyoutohaveadviceinreal

timeandgetpushedharder."mysistersaidtome."Well,ifyoureallywantto

haveatry.first,chooseproperprogramsorvideos.That'sveryimportant.And

thenaskyourfriendsforadvise.Theirexperiencescangiveyouagoodsightinto

whatyoucanexpect.Anyway,don'tbeaddicted（沉迷的）toit.Youshouldtry

differentwaystoworkouttobehealthy.”

Athersuggestions,Ifinallyfollowedanonlineworkoutprogramwith

personalizedhelpthatisheldforthreemonths.Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,

IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamount（量）ofwork

alongwithastrongwill.Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideosto

workoutisamuchcheaperandtime-savingchoice.Butitcanbedifficultsometimes

whenI'mtoolazyortoobusytosticktoit.