職稱英語(yǔ)理工類c級(jí)模擬63

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類C級(jí)模擬63

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處畫線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接

近的選項(xiàng)。

1>Thedepictionofthelivesofblackpeopleinthesouthisgraphic.

A.optimisticB.humorous

C.somberD.vivid

2、Infinedays,you'dbetteropenwindowstoventilatetheroom.

A.sweepB.air

C.cleanD.wash

3、Duringhislifehewasabletoaccumulatequiteafortune.

A.controlB.spend

C.exchangeD.collect

4、GeorgeWashingtonCarverwasesteemedforhiscontributionsinthefields

ofbotanyandchemistry.

A.compensatedB.respected

C.criticizedD.overlooked

5、EleanorRoosevelturgedlegislationtoassistthepoorandoppressed.

A.adjustB.help

C.employD.encourage

6、Groundedwhalesoftenstrugglefruitlesslytoreenterdeepwater.

A.violentlyB.desperately

C.vainlyD.greatly

7、Hehastroubleunderstandingthatotherpeoplejudgehimbyhissocial

skillsandconduct.

A.behaviorB.style

C.modeD.attitude

8、Morethan89percentofthebuildingsinAnnapoliszMaryland,wereerected

beforetheRevolutionaryWar.

A.plannedB.constructed

C.enlargedD.leveled

9、Biologistshaveascertainedthatspecializedcellsconvertchemicalenergy

intomechanicalenergy.

A.arguedB,pretended

C.hypothesizedD.determined

10>Iwasimpressedbythewayheformulatedhisideas.

A.arguedB.stated

C.announcedD.invented

11>Thesefactorsinteractintimatelyandcannotbeseparated.

A.tenselyB?nearly

C.carefullyD.closely

12>Nitrogenisthemostplentifulgasintheatmosphere.

A.waterB.body

C.airI).earth

13、Frommystandpointzyouknow,thisthingisjustfunny.

A.positionB.pointofview

C.knowledgeD.opinion

14、Itdoesn11standtoreasonthathewouldlie.

A.seemlogicalB.lookpleasant

C.appearobviousD.soundimportant

15、Strictsanitaryprocedureshelptoforestallout-breaksofdisease.

A.preventB.minimize

C.previewD.control

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供

的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文

中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

ArtificialSpeech

Becausespeechisthemostconvenientformofcommunication,inthefuture

wewantessentiallynaturalconversationswithcomputers.Theprimarypoint

ofcontactwillbeasimpledevicethatwillactasourwindowintotheworld.

Itwillhavetobesmallenoughtoslipintoourpocketzsotherewillbe

ascreenbutnokeyboard：youwillsimplytalktoit.Thedevicewillbe

permanentlyconnectedtotheInternetandwillkeeprelevantinformationup

toyouasitcomesin.Suchdeviceswillevolvenaturallyinthenextfive

totenyears.

Justhowquicklypeoplewilladapttoavoice-basedInternetworldis

uncertain.Manybelievethat,initiallyatleast,wewillneedsimilar

conventionsforthevoicetothoseweuseatpresentonscreen：click,back,

forward,andsoon.Butsoonyouwillundoubtedlybeabletointeractbyvoice

withallthoseIT-basedservicesyoucurrentlyconnectwithovertheInternet

bymeansofakeyboard.ThiswillhelptheInternetservetheentirepopulation.

Changeslikethiswillencompass（圍繞，包圍）thewholeworld.BecauseEnglish

isthelanguageofscience,itwillprobablyremainthelanguageinwhich

thetechnologyismostadvanced,butmostspeech-recognitiontechniquesare

transferabletootherlanguagesprovided（假如，若是）thereissufficient

motivationtoundertakethework.

Ofcoursezinanylanguagetherearestillhugeproblemsforustosolve.

Carefullydictated,clearspeechcannowbeunderstoodbycomputerswithonly

a4~5percenterrorrate,buteventhemostadvancedtechnologystillrecords

30?40percenterrorswithspontaneousspeech.Withintenyearswewillhave

computersthatrespondtogoal-directedconversation,butforacomputerto

haveaconversationthattakesintoaccounthumansocialbehaviorsisprobably

50yearsoff.Wearenotgoingtobechattingtothebigscreenintheliving

roomjustyet.

Inthepastzinsufficientspeedandmemoryhaveheldusback,butthese

daystheyarelessofanissue.However,therearethoseintheITcommunity

whobelievethatcurrenttechniqueswilleventuallyhitabrickwall.Personally,

Ibelievethatincremental（不斷增長(zhǎng)的）deve1opmentsinperformancearemore

likely.Butitistruethatbyabout2040orso,computerarchitectureswill

needtobecomehighlyparallel（并行的）ifperformanceistokeepincreasing.

Perhapsthatwillinspiresomeradicallynewapproachestospeechunderstanding

thatwillreplacethemethodswearedevelopingnow.

16、Inthefuturezpeoplewilltalktoacomputerinsteadoftypingandclicking.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17、Inthefuture,computerswillbeassmallasmatchboxes.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>BesidesEnglish,Frenchisanotherfrequentlyusedlanguageofscience.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Withintenyears,computerscanmakeconversationswhichtakehumansocial

behaviorsintoaccount.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Computerscanunderstandclearandcarefullydictatedspeechmore

accuratelythanspontaneousspeech.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Insufficientmemoryofthecomputerisstillaproblem.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Accordingtothewriter,currenttechniquehasnoroomforimprovement.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每段

選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

TransportandTrade

1Transportisoneoftheaidstotrade.Bymovinggoodsfromplaces

wheretheyareplentifultoplaceswheretheyarescarceztransportaddsto

theirvalue.Themoreeasilygoodscanbebroughtoverthedistancethatseparates

producerandconsumer,thebetterfortrade.Whentherewerenorailways,

nogoodroads,nocanals,andonlysmallsailingships,tradewasonasmall

scale.

2Thegreatadvancesmadeintransportduringthelasttwohundredyears

wereaccompaniedbyabigincreaseintrade.Biggerandfastershipsenabled

atradeinmeattodevelopbetweenBritainandNewZealand,forinstance.

Quickertransportmakespossiblemass-productionandbigbusiness,drawing

suppliesfrom,andsellinggoodsto,allpartsoftheglobe.Bigfactories

couldnotexistwithouttransporttocarrythelargenumberofworkersthey

needtoandfromtheirhomes.Bigcitystorescouldnothavedevelopedunless

customerscouldtraveleasilyfromthesuburbsandgoodsdeliveredtotheir

homes.Bigcitiescouldnotsurviveunlessfoodcouldbebroughtfromadistance.

3Transportalsopreventswaste.Muchofthefishlandedattheports

wouldbewastedifitcouldnotbetakenquicklytoinlandtowns.Transport

hasgivenusamuchgreatervarietyoffoodsandgoodssincewenolonger

havetoliveonwhatisproducedlocally.Foodswhichatonetimecouldbe

obtainedonlyduringapartoftheyearcannowbeobtainedallthroughthe

year.Transporthasraisedthestandardofliving.

4Bymovingfuelzrawmaterials,andevenpower,forexample,through

electriccables,transporthasledtotheestablishmentofindustriesand

tradeinareaswheretheywouldhavebeenimpossiblebefore.Districtsand

countriescanconcentrateonmakingthingswhichtheycandobetterandmore

cheaplythanothersandcanthenexchangethemwithoneanother.Thecheaper

andquickertransportbecomes,thelongerthedistanceoverwhichgoodscan

profitablybecarried.Countrieswithpoortransporthavealowerstandard

ofliving.

5Commercerequiresnotonlythemovingofgoodsandpeoplebutalso

thecarryingofmessagesandinformation.Meansofcommunication,like

telephoneszcablesandradio,sendinformationaboutprices,supplieszand

changingconditionsindifferentpartsoftheworld.Inthisway,advanced

communicationsystemsalsohelptodeveloptrade.

23、Paragraph2

A.Transportimprovespeople*slivingstandard

B.Importanceoftransportintrade

C.Variousmeansoftransport

D.Birthoftransport—relatedindustriesandtrade

E.Roleofinformationintrade

F.Publictransportation

24、Paragraph3

25>Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

27>Thedevelopmentofmodernmeansoftransport.

A.tosendgoodstovariouspartsoftheworld

B.atanytimeduringtheyear

C.hasgreatlypromotedtrade

D.isitpossibletoproduceonalargescale

E.thetransportofgoods

F.trarsportalsopreventswaste

28>Onlywhengoodscanbecarriedtoallpartsofthenworldquickly.

29、Transporthasmadeitpossibleforpeopletoeatwhateverfoodtheywant

30、Inthetradeofmodernsocietythetransmissionofinformationplaysas

importantaroleas.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

第一篇

Denny

HisnicknameisDenny*.Heweighs400pounds；heisfearlessandhenever

goestosleeponthejob.Anidealsecurityguard?Formanysituationshe

maybe.Andifhe*ssogoodthatyouwishyouhadadozenlikehim,justplace

yourorder.Dennyisarobotguard.

Dennycandetectzwithina150-thorradius,thepresenceofanythingor

anybodythatshouldn11bethere.Itsswiveling（旋轉(zhuǎn)）headcontainsmicrowave

andinfraredsensorsthatcandetectpeopleaswellassmoke.Infutureeditions

theheadwillalsocontainsensorsthatcansmelltheweaksmellofahuman

body.

Ahigh-resolutionTVcamerainDenny*sheadisonatalltime.Whensomething

unexpectedcomesintoview,theTVtransmitterswitcheson.Thusthehuman

overseer（看管人）inthecontrolcenterseesthesuddenappearanceofapicture

onthemonitorscreen.Atthesametimethepictureisautomaticallyvideotaped.

Normalspeedoftherobotguardsisaboutonemileanhour,andtheycan

eventalk："youhavebeendetected,11warnsthevoicefromthecleverguard.

Dennyisdesignedtopatrolcorridorsandotherareasafterlock-downhours

（ofcourse,hecanworkroundtheclockwhennecessary）,nottomoveamong

people.If,say,aprisonerdoesgetnearthecorridorwhereheshouldnot

bezit*11immediatelytellitsbasestationbyradio.

Dennyhasunderstandab1elimitations.Hecan11opendoorsorwatchstairs,

forexample,ordistinguishafriendfromanenemy.Thushewillhavetogo

aboutunarmed.Andhewon*tbeabletoreplacehumansecurityguardswhere

peoplemoveaboutfreely.

31>Dennyisarobotguard,who.

A.hasmechanicalanusandlegs

B.hasmicrowaveandinfraredsensors

C.hasabuilt-incomputer

D.dependsonhisbuilt-inradiofordistinguishingafriendfromanenemy

32、WhichofthefollowingpiecesofequipmentisNOTmentionedaspartof

therobotaccordingtothepassages?

A.TheTVcamera.

B.Theradiotransmitter.

C.Theinfraredsensor.

D.Thevideotape-recorder.

33、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.OnlystrongsmellcanbedetectedbyDenny.

B.Dennyisabletoreplacehumansecurityguardswherepeoplemoveabout

freely.

C.Ahigh-resolutionTVcamerainDenny*sheadisonandoffautomatically.

D.Dennycannotopendoorsorwatchstairs.

34、WhydoesDennyhavetogounarmed?

A.Hecannottellanenemyfromafriend.

B.Thepricewouldbeveryhighifitwerearmed.

C.Hedoesnotknowhowtouseaweapon.

D.Itisunlikelythathewillbeattackedbyahumanenemy.

35、Afterreadingthispassagesyouprobablyhavegottheimpressionthat

A.Dennymovesquitefast

B.Dennymovesbothincorridorsandupanddownstairs

C.Denny*svoicewarnsatregularintervalswhilepatrolling

D.Dennymovesquiteslowly

弟—^扁

TheCar

CarsareanimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Withoutacar

mostpeoplefeelthattheyarepoor.Andevenifapersonispoorhedoesn*t

feelreallypoorwhenhehasacar.

HenryFordwasthemanwhofirststartedmakingcarsinlargenumbers.

Heprobablydidn11knowhowmuchthecarwasgoingtoaffectAmericanculture.

ThecarmadetheUnitedStatesanationonwheels.Andithelpedmakethe

UnitedStateswhatitistoday.

TherearethreemainreasonswhytheearbecomessopopularintheUnited

States.FirstofallzthecountryisahugeoneandAmericansliketomove

aroundinit.Thecarprovidesthemostcomfortableandcheapestformof

transportation.Withacarpeoplecangoanyplacewithoutspendingalotof

money.

ThesecondreasonwhycarsarepopularisthefactthattheUnitedStates

neverreallydevelopedanefficientandinexpensiveformofpublic

transportation.Long-distancetrainshaveneverbeenascommoninthecountry

astheyareinotherpartsoftheworld.Nowadaysthereisagoodsystemof

air-serviceprovidedbyplanes.Butitistooexpensivetobeusedfrequently.

Thethirdreasonisthemostimportantone,though.TheAmericanspirit

ofindependenceiswhatreallymadecarspopular.Americansdon*tliketo

waitforabus,oratrainorevenaplane.Theydon11liketohavetofollow

anexactschedule.Acargivesthemthefreedomtoscheduletheirowntime.

AndthisisthefreedomthatAmericanswantmosttohave.

ThegasshortagehascausedabigproblemforAmericans.Buttheanswer

willnotbeabiggersystemofpublictransportation.Therealsolutionwill

havetobeanewkindofcar,onethatdoesnotusesomuchgas.

36、MostAmericansfeeltheyarepoorwhenthey.

A,havenojob

B.havenofood

C.havenomoney

D.havenocar

37>HenryFordwasthefirsttocarsinlargenumbers.

A,invent

B.sell

C.have

D,produce

38、"Anationonwheels'*meansthat.

A.thecountryisproducingthebestcarsintheworld

B.everyoneinthiscountryownsacar

C.carsplayaveryimportantroleinpeople1slives

D.therearemorecarsthantrainsinthiscountry

39、Withacarpeoplecangoeasily.

A.anywhere

B.toanyplace

C.toanywhere

D.anyplace

40、Therealsolutiontothegasshortageproblemis.

A.tomakelesscars

B.todevelopapublictransportationsystem

C.tomakegas-savingcars

D.todeveloptrainservice

第三篇

SuperconductorCeramic（陶瓷）

Anundergroundrevolutionbeginsthiswinter.Withtheflip（輕擊）ofa

switch,30,000homesinonepartofDetroitwillsoonbecomethefirstin

thecountrytoreceiveelectricitytransmittedbyice-coldhigh-performance

cables.OtherAmericancitiesareexpectedtofollowDetroit*sexamplein

theyearsahead,whichcouldconserveenormousamountsofpower.

ThenewelectricalcablesattheFrisbiepowerstationinDetroitare

revolutionarybecausetheyaremadeofsuperconductors.Asuperconductoris

amaterialthattransmitselectricitywithlittleornoresistance.Resistance

isthedegreetowhichasubstanceresistselectriccurrent.Allcommon

electricalconductorshaveacertainamountofelectricalresistance.They

convertatleastsomeoftheelectricalenergypassingthroughthemintowaste

heat.Superconductorsdon11.Nooneunderstandshowsuperconductivityworks.

Itjustdoes.

Makingsuperconductorsisn1teasy.Asuperconductormaterialhastobe

cooledtoanextremelylowtemperaturetoloseitsresistance.Thefirst

superconductorszmademorethan50yearsago,hadtobecooledto-263degrees

Celsiusbeforetheylosttheirresistance.Newersuperconductingmaterials

losetheirresistanceat一143degreesCelsius.

ThesuperconductorscableinstalledattheFrisbiestationismadeofa

ceramicmaterialthatcontainscopper,oxygen,bismuth（鈕）,strontium（申思）,

andcalcium（鈣）.Aceramicisahard,strongcompoundmadefromclayorminerals.

Thesuperconductingceramichasbeenfashionedintoatapethatiswrapped

lengthwisearoundalongtubefilledwithliquidnitrogen.Liquidnitrogen

issupercoldandlowersthetemperatureoftheceramictapetothepoint

whereitconveyselectricitywithzeroresistance.

TheUnitedStateslosesanenormousamountofelectricityeachyearto

resistance.Becausecooledsuperconductorshavenoresistance,theywaste

muchlesspower,othercitiesarewatchingtheFrisbieexperimentinthehope

thattheymightswitchtosuperconductingcableandconservepower,too.

41、Whatisthebenefitoftherevolutionmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Withaflipofswitch,electricitycanhetransmitted.

B.OtherAmericancitiescanbenefitfromthehigh-performancecables.

C.Greatamountsofpowercanbeconserved.

D.Detroitwillfirstreceiveelectricitytransmittedbythenewelectrical

cables.

42、Comparedtocommonelectricalconductors,superconductors.

A.havelittleornoelectricalresistance

B.canbeusedforalongtime

C.arenotenergy-efficient

D.canbemadeeasily

43、Atwhattemperaturedoesthesuperconductingceramicloseitsresistance?

A.-143degreeCelsius.

B.-263degreeCelsius.

C.Aslongasitisice-cold.

D.Absolutezero.

44、Whatelementenablestheceramictapetoloweritstemperature?

A.Copper.

B.Liquidnitrogen.

C.Clay.

D.Calcium.

45、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsis

NOTtrue?

A.Othercitieshopetheycanalsoconservepower.

B.Othercitieshopetheycanusesuperconductingcablessoon.

C.Superconductorswastelesspowerbecauseoftheirlowresistance.

D.TheFrisbieexperimentisnotsuccessful.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分

別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

FalseFearofBigFish

Manypeoplebelievesharks（鯊魚）aredangerousandwillalwaystryto

hurtorevenkillhumans.46AsharkexhibitionattheNationalAquarium

（水族館）inBaltimorezU.S.,provesthis.Visitorscantouchyoungsharksz

seetheireggsdevelopandwatchadozendifferentspeciesswimsmoothlyaround

ahugetank.

Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon11happenveryoften.

Humansaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyashark.47There,

kidscanlearn,fromanearlyage,nottofearsharks.

"Peoplefearwhattheydon*tknow,11saidNancyHotchkiss,anorganizer

oftheexhibition."Sharkshavebeenaroundfor400millionyearsandplay

animportantroleintheocean*sfoodchain.Wewantpeopletodiscoverthat

sharksareamazinganimalsthatneedourrespectandprotection."

48Astudy,publishedinJanuaryintheU.S.magazine,Sciencezfound

thatalmostallrecordedsharkspecieshavefallenbyhalfinthepast8to

15years.

ThousandsofsharksarehuntedinAsiaforspecialfoodszsuchasshark

fin（魚翅）soup.Andmanyothersgetcaughtinnets,whilefishermenarehunting

otherfish.49

"Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheoceanforsharks,H

saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium'soceanhealthprogramme.50

A.Theycanwatchthemdevelopinsidetheireggsandfeeltheskinofthe

olderswimmers.

B.Ashocking100millionsharksarekilledeveryyeararoundtheworld

byhumans.

C.Infactz94percentoftheworld*s400speciesareharmlesstohumans.