新教材2024高中英語(yǔ)Unit3DiverseCulturesSectionIIReadingandThinking同步測(cè)試新人教版必修第三冊(cè)

PAGESectionⅡReadingandThinking(1)閱讀理解AMostpeoplewhomovetoaforeigncountrymayexperienceaperiodoftimewhentheyhavealotofstressinthenewculture.Thisfeelingisoftencalled“cultureshock”anditisimportanttolearnhowtodealwithcultureshock.Firstofall,youshouldknowthateveryoneinanewsituationwillgothroughsomeformofcultureshock.Therearefourgeneralstagesofculturaladjustment.Thefirststageisusuallyreferredtoasthehoneymoonstage.Uponarrivinginanewenvironment,you’llbeinterestedinthenewculture.Everythingwillseemexciting,andeveryonewillseemfriendlyandhelpful.Thesecondstageiscalledthewithdrawalstage.Theexcitementthatyoufeltbeforechangestodisappointmentasyoufinditdifficulttodealwithnewproblems.Thelanguageishardtolearn;friendsarehardtomake;simplethingslikeshoppingandgoingtothebankarechallenges.Itisatthisstagethatyouarelikelytofeelanxiousandhomesick.Ifyouareoneofthosewhomanagetostickitout,youwillenterthethirdstage—therecoverystage.Atthispoint,you’llfeelmoreconfidentinthenewculture.You’llstarttounderstandandacceptthewaythingsaredoneandthewaypeoplebehaveinyournewenvironment.Thelaststageisthestability(穩(wěn)定)stage—thisisthepointwhenpeoplestarttofeelathomeinthenewculture.Atthisstage,youwillbehavewellinthenewculture,andprefersomeaspectsofthenewculturetoyourownculture.Thereis,inasense,afifthstagetothisprocess.Ifyoudecidetoreturnhomeafteralongperiodinanewculture,youmayexperiencewhatiscalled“reversecultureshock”(反向文化沖擊).Thismeansthatyoumayfindaspectsofyourownculture“foreign”,becauseyou’resousedtothenewculture.Reversecultureshockisusuallyprettymildanddoesn’tlastforverylong.1.Whatwillpeopletendtodoatthehoneymoonstage?A.Theyfindthenewcultureishardtoaccept.B.Theymisstheirfamilyandfriendsverymuch.C.Theybegintounderstandwhatcultureshockis.D.Theyhaveagoodimpressionofthenewculture.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“beinterestedin”,“exciting”,“friendlyandhelpful”等推斷,在蜜月階段人們對(duì)新的文化會(huì)有一個(gè)好的印象。故選D。答案:D2.Inwhichstagewillpeoplefeelmostuncomfortable?A.Thehoneymoonstage.B.Thewithdrawalstage.C.Therecoverystage.D.Thestabilitystage.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Itisatthisstagethatyouarelikelytofeelanxiousandhomesick.”可知,在“withdrawalstage”人會(huì)感到焦慮和想家,最不舒適。故選B。答案:B3.Howdopeopleusuallyfeelatthestabilitystage?A.Lucky.B.Nervous.C.Relaxed. D.Disappointed.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“thisisthepointwhenpeoplestarttofeelathomeinthenewculture”可知,在這一階段的人會(huì)感到放松。故選C。答案:C4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthoragreewith?A.It’simportanttoknowthatcultureshockisnatural.B.Peoplewillsufferlessfromcultureshockinthefuture.C.Reversecultureshockusuallyhappensintheforeigncountries.D.Reversecultureshockisasdifficulttodealwithascultureshock.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Mostpeople...havealotofstressinthenewculture.”和“everyoneinanewsituationwillgothroughsomeformofcultureshock”推斷,作者認(rèn)為在新的文化背景下,一般人都會(huì)遇到文化沖突,所以了解到文化沖突是自然的這件事情是重要的。故選A。答案:ABIfConfucius(孔子)werestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28thbirthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.He’dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It’snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon’tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthisdoesn’tmeanthatAmericansdon’tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogrammeshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludeChineseart,historyandphilosophy(哲學(xué)).SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.Sotheoldthinker’sideasarestillaliveandwell.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.5.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.ToprovidesomekeyfactsaboutConfucius.B.Toattractthereaders’interestinthesubject.C.Toshowgreatrespectfortheancientthinker.D.Toprovethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知,作者是以孔子生日這一話題,吸引讀者的愛(ài)好,引出本文要探討的真正話題。故選B。答案:B6.WhatcanwelearnaboutAmericanstudentsfromparagraph4?A.TheyhaveagreatinterestinstudyingChinese.B.TheytakeanactivepartinChinesecompetitions.C.TheytrytogethighscoresinChineseexams.D.TheyfightforchancestocometoChinatolearnChinese.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogrammeshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.”和“StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.”可知,美國(guó)學(xué)生對(duì)中國(guó)文化很感愛(ài)好。故選A。答案:A7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ForgottenWisdominAmericaB.ChineseCultureforWesternersC.OldThinkerwithaBigFutureD.HugeFansoftheChineseLanguage解析:主旨大意題。本文主要向我們介紹了孔子思想對(duì)西方的影響,以及將來(lái)可能產(chǎn)生的影響,由此可知C項(xiàng)適合做本文標(biāo)題。故選C。答案:C8.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Fromabiography(傳記).B.Fromahistorypaper.C.Fromanewspaper.D.Fromaphilosophytextbook.解析:推理推斷題。本文主要講解并描述了外國(guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)文化的愛(ài)好越來(lái)越濃,對(duì)孔子的思想也越來(lái)越感愛(ài)好這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,所以很有可能是新聞報(bào)道的內(nèi)容。故選C。答案:CCWhenyougotsick,didyourparentsanddoctorsmakeyoudrinka“terriblesoup”?9.,butitcanreallymakeyoufeelbetterinseveraldays.The“soup”isactuallyakindoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM).

Inrecentyears,TCMhasbecomemorepopulararoundtheworld.10..Chinahas10TCMcentresabroad,suchasinFranceandtheUnitedStates.DoctorsgiveTCMtreatmenttolocalpeoplethere.TheyalsoteachTCMtolocalpeople.Now,thereareover100,000TCMclinics,withabout300,000TCMworkersaroundtheworld.

TCMcamefromChinathousandsofyearsago.ItisbasedontheChinesephilosophy(哲學(xué))ofyinandyang.Humansshouldfollowthenaturalrulestokeephealthy.OldGreeceandEgyptcreatedWesternmedicine.11..Westerndoctorscheckpeople’sheight,weight,bloodpressureandbodytemperature.

12..“BringingtogetherWesternmedicineandTCMcanusecollectiveknowledge,ratherthancreatecompetitionbetweenthem.Itcandevelopthegreateffectsofbothofthem,”saidBernhardSchwartlander,aWorldHealthOrganizationrepresentativeinChina.

OnDec.6th,agovernmentdocumentreportedthat86countriesandregionsarenowdevelopingTCMtogetherwithChina.In2015,ChinesescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrize.13..Today,withmoreandmorepeoplepayingattentiontoTCM,itwilldefinitelyhaveabrightfuture.

A.Let’sseesomefactsandfiguresB.ItisdifficulttosaywhichoneisbetterC.ItmightbeabaddrinkingexperienceforyouD.TherearemanywomenofgreatachievementsinhistoryE.ThentheideatookshapeinEuropeinthe19thcenturyF.It’sbecauseshemadeanimportantdrugusingtraditionalChinesemedicineG.ManypeoplebelieveWesternmedicineismoreeffectivethantraditionalChinesemedicine9.解析:依據(jù)空格后“butitcanreallymakeyoufeelbetterinseveraldays.”可知,該空應(yīng)是表達(dá)“雖然這種湯很難喝”,但是幾天后會(huì)讓你康復(fù)。C項(xiàng)“對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)喝這種湯很可能是一種很糟的經(jīng)驗(yàn)”符合題意。故選C。答案:C10.解析:依據(jù)空后的信息可知,下文是用事實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)證明傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)在全世界受歡迎的程度。故A項(xiàng)“讓我們來(lái)看一些事實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。答案:A11.解析:依據(jù)本段首句“TCMcamefromChinathousandsofyearsago.”可知,前半段是介紹中醫(yī)的發(fā)展歷史和藥效原理,下文介紹的是西醫(yī),但是缺少對(duì)西醫(yī)的歷史介紹,E項(xiàng)“西醫(yī)是19世紀(jì)在歐洲形成的”符合上下文邏輯。故選E。答案:E12.解析:依據(jù)空后“把中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)結(jié)合起來(lái)運(yùn)用,而不是相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”,可反推該空表達(dá)的是這兩種醫(yī)學(xué)的比較,B項(xiàng)“很難說(shuō)哪種更好”符合邏輯。故選B。答案:B13.解析:依據(jù)“...ChinesescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrize.”可知,屠呦呦獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng),所以下文應(yīng)當(dāng)講獲獎(jiǎng)和中醫(yī)的關(guān)系。F項(xiàng)“那是因?yàn)樗脗鹘y(tǒng)中醫(yī)制成了一種特別重要的藥物”符合上下文邏輯。故選F。答案:FReadingandThinking(2)[基礎(chǔ)測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Thetabletennisteamofourschoolis(admit)newplayers.

2.Ishall(definite)beattheairporttomeetyou.

3.It(occur)tohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.

4.Therearemany(history)placesinXi’an.

5.Heearnedlivingbysellingnewspapers.

6.They(select)sixwinnersfromthefinaliststomorrow.

7.Sofarnobody(claim)themoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.

8.Thereareanumberof(journal)onthedesk.

9.Localschoolsare(seek)toreducethedropoutrate.

10.Afterthegame,thefans(head)fortheexit.

答案:1.admitting2.definitely3.occurredhistorical5.a6.willselect7.hasclaimed8.journals9.seeking10.headedⅡ.依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句意完成英語(yǔ)句子1.我們必需找尋解決問(wèn)題的方法。Wemustasolutiontotheproblem.

2.據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)工廠有些工人每周工作80個(gè)小時(shí)。someworkersinthefactoryareworking80hoursaweek.

3.我突然想到,我還沒(méi)完成作業(yè)。suddenlyIhadn’tfinishedmyhomework.

4.他年輕的時(shí)候經(jīng)常打籃球。Hebasketballwhenhewasyoung.

5.他承認(rèn)犯了錯(cuò)誤。Heamistake.

答案:1.seekfor2.Itisclaimedthat3.Itoccurredtomethat4.usedtoplay5.admittedhavingmadeⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·全國(guó)甲卷)TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It1.(build)originallytoprotectthecity2.theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).Itispossible3.(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometres.

WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metreshighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After4.(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat5.(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!

We6.(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky7.didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall8.wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatdifferentgatesand9.(watchtower)totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir10.(day)routines.

1.解析:句意:它最初是在唐代為愛(ài)護(hù)這座城市而建的,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)。build和句子主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),描述過(guò)去的事情,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí),主語(yǔ)it為第三人稱單數(shù),主謂一樣。故填wasbuilt。答案:wasbuilt2.解析:表示“在某個(gè)朝代”,用介詞in。故填in。答案:in3.解析:句意:可以步行或騎自行車走14千米。it為形式主語(yǔ),所以用不定式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)。故填towalk。答案:towalk4.解析:句意:在視察了城墻上全部的防衛(wèi)裝備后,我們確定是時(shí)候?qū)嵭行袆?dòng)了,還有什么比在一段歷史上騎行更好的呢!空處作介詞的賓語(yǔ),所以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。故填spending。答案:spending5.解析:空后有than,所以用比較級(jí)。故填better。答案:better6.解析:句意:我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。描述過(guò)去的事情,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填hired。答案:hired7.解析:句意:我的自行車又舊又搖搖擺晃,但還可以騎。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以用but連接。故填but。答案:but8.解析:句意:我們圍著西安城墻走了大約3個(gè)小時(shí)。alltheway一路上,為固定搭配。故填the。答案:the9.解析:句意:但是,我們?cè)诓煌拇箝T和眺望臺(tái)停下來(lái)拍照,或者只是為了看當(dāng)?shù)厝诉M(jìn)行日常生活。watchtower為可數(shù)名詞,前面有different,所以用復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填watchtowers。答案:watchtowers10.解析:空處作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞,所以用形容詞。故填daily。答案:daily[提升測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅳ.閱讀理解It’scommonthataJapanese-Americanbowsonthephone—butonlyinJapanese.Behavioursandmannerscanbecomesoroutinethattheyappearevenwhenthere’snoneedforthem.Thosewhoarebilingualandbiculturalknowfirst-handthathowwebehavecandependonwhatlanguagewearespeaking.Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.Thisisbecausewhenyouhaveanexperience,thelanguageyouareusingbecomesassociatedwithit.Forbilingualpeople,thismeanscertainmemoriesaremorecloselyassociatedwithonelanguagethantheother—aphenomenoncalled“l(fā)anguage-dependentmemory”.Forexample,achildhoodmemoryismorelikelytoberememberedwhenthelanguagespokenduringthatchildhoodeventisspokenagain.Howwethinkandfeelcanthuschangedependingonwhatlanguageweareusing.Forexample,peoplewhoarebilingualhaveanintensifiedstressresponsewhenlisteningtothewordsofscoldinginanativelanguage.Thismaybe,inpart,becauseourearlymemoriesassociatedwithlearninga“bad”wordorbeingscoldedbyourparentshappenedinournativelanguage.Becauseemotionsplayakeyroleinhowwemakedecisions,peopleareoftenmoresensiblewhenmakingchoicesinthelessemotionalforeignlanguage.Whenaskedwhethertheywouldbewillingtogiveoneperson’slifetosaveagroup,peoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguagearemuchmorelikelytosay“yes”whenansweringinaforeignlanguage.Theunpleasantfeelingsthatcanpreventusfrommakingdifficultchoicesarereducedwhenwe’reusinganon-nativelanguage.Thelanguagewespeakhasaninfluenceonhowwethink,feel,andevenbehave.Inaway,knowingdifferentlanguagescanprovidepeoplewithavarietyofviewsthroughwhichtoseetheworld.1.WhyistheexampleofJapanese-Americanmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheinfluenceofcultureishuge.B.ToshowbowingisJapanesepeople’sroutine.C.ToshowJapanesepeoplearepoliteonthephone.D.Toshowone’suseoflanguageaffectsone’sbehaviour.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Thosewhoarebilingualandbiculturalknowfirst-handthathowwebehavecandependonwhatlanguagewearespeaking.Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.”可知,那些說(shuō)兩種語(yǔ)言和有著雙文化背景的人知道我們的行為取決于我們說(shuō)的是什么語(yǔ)言。專家指出,你當(dāng)時(shí)的身份取決于你當(dāng)時(shí)運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)言。由此可知,第一段提到日裔美國(guó)人用日語(yǔ)打電話時(shí)會(huì)鞠躬是為了表明一個(gè)人運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)言會(huì)影響他的行為。故選D。答案:D2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensified”inparagraph3mean?A.Worse.B.Better.C.Increased. D.Limited.解析:詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“Thismaybe,inpart,becauseourearlymemoriesassociatedwithlearninga’bad’wordorbeingscoldedbyourparentshappenedinournativelanguage.”可知,在某種程度上,這可能是因?yàn)樵谖覀冊(cè)缙诘挠洃浝?學(xué)臟話或被父母責(zé)罵都是用母語(yǔ)進(jìn)行的。因此,此處是說(shuō)會(huì)說(shuō)兩種語(yǔ)言的人在聽(tīng)到用母語(yǔ)說(shuō)臟話時(shí),壓力反應(yīng)會(huì)增加。由此可知,畫線詞的意思是“增加的”。故選C。答案:C3.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YouAreActuallyWhatYouAreSpeakingB.NativeLanguagesMakePeopleSpeakMoreC.DifferentLanguagesHaveDifferentInfluencesD.SpeakYourNativeLanguageinOtherCountries解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文,尤其是依據(jù)第一段中的“Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.”可知,專家指出,你當(dāng)時(shí)的身份取決于你當(dāng)時(shí)運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)言。由此可知,本文主要介紹的是你運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)言確定了你的身份,所以這篇文章最好的題目是“語(yǔ)言確定你的身份”。故選A。答案:AⅤ.完形填空IarrivedintheUnitedStatesonFebruary6th,2016,butIremembermyfirstdayhereveryclearly.MyfriendwaswaitingformewhenmyplanelandedatKennedyInternationalAirportatthreeo’clockintheafternoon.Theweatherwasvery1anditwassnowing,butIwastooexcitedtomind.Fromtheairport,myfriendandItookataxitomy2.Ontheway,IsawtheskylineofManhattanforthefirsttimeandIlookedinastonishmentatthefamousskyscrapers(摩天大樓)andtheirman-made3.Myfriendhelpedmeunpackatthehotelandthenleftbecausehehadtogobacktowork.Hepromisedtoreturnthenextday.

4myfriendhadleft,Iwenttoarestaurantnearthehoteltogetsomethingtoeat.BecauseIcouldn’tspeakasingle5ofEnglish,Icouldn’ttellthewaiterwhatIwanted.Iwasveryupsetandstartedtomakesome6,butthewaiterdidn’t7me.Finally,Iorderedthesamethingthemanatthenexttablewaseating.Afterdinner,IstartedtowalkalongBroadway8IcametoTimesSquarewithitscinemas,theatres,neonlights,andhugecrowdsofpeople.Ididnotfeeltired,soI9towalkaroundthecity.Iwantedtosee10onmyfirstday.Iknewitwas11,butIwantedtotry.

WhenIreturnedtothehotel,Iwas12,butIcouldn’t13becauseIkepthearingthefireandpolicesirens(警笛)duringthenight.Ilay14andthoughtaboutNewYork.Itwasaverybigandinterestingcitywithmanytallbuildingsandbigcars,andfullof15andbusypeople.IalsodecidedrightthenthatIhad