2024年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀練習(xí)2

備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀（二）(航空航天專題)文章導(dǎo)讀閱讀理解A篇：中國(guó)航天項(xiàng)目名字的由來(lái)。B篇:太空授課陳冬。C篇:嫦娥5號(hào)成功著陸。D篇：衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)北斗。E篇：神州十八號(hào)成功發(fā)射。完型填空：宇航員鄧清明堅(jiān)持不懈值得學(xué)習(xí)宇航服的作用宇航員的保護(hù)傘語(yǔ)法填空：中國(guó)航天成績(jī)斐然博導(dǎo)航天員桂海潮宇宙補(bǔ)給天舟七號(hào)貨運(yùn)飛船閱讀理解AWukong,Tiangong,Tianwen...DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinesespaceprogramsefrom?Wukong,theDarkMatterParticleExplorersatellite(暗物質(zhì)粒子探測(cè)衛(wèi)星),isnamedafterChinesesuperheroofMonkeyKing.AccordingtoJourneytotheWest,MonkeyKinghasapairofsharpeyeswhichcantellthedifferencebetweengoodandevil.TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharpeyedasMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.Thenameofthespacestation,Tiangong,means“HeavenlyPalace”.InChinesemyths,thisisthehomeofTianDi.NowTiangongSpaceStationisahomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChinawelesforeignastronautstoTiangongsothattheycanworktogether.Tianwen,China'sMarsmissions(任務(wù)),getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuanisawellknownpoetfromancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,mythsandtherealworld,showinghishungerfortruth.PerhapstheTianwenmissionswillendupansweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautifulmeanings.We,theChinesepeople,havealongspacedream.SothenamingofChinesespaceprogramsistreatedveryimportantly.1.Howdoestheauthorstartthestartthepassage?A.Bygivinganexample.B.Byexplainingafact.C.Byraisingaquestion.D.Byusingasaying.2.WhatistheWukongsatelliteusedfor?A.AnsweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.B.Findingthedifferencebetweengoodandevil.C.Helpingscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.D.Welingforeignastronautstothespacestation.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“myths”inParagraph3meaninChinese?A.成語(yǔ)B.神話C.諺語(yǔ)D.傳記4.WhydoChinesepeopletreatnamingofspaceprogramsimportantly?A.BecausewewanttolandonMars.B.Becausewehaveadreamforspace.C.Becausewewanttoprotecttheearth.D.Becausewehavethehungerfortruth.5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatBeautifulNamesB.WhataCherishedStarC.WhatExcellentPoemsD.WhataLongJourneyB“Weletoournew‘classroom’!”saidChenDong,oneofthethreeastronautsoftheShenzhouXIVmission.Theyweregivingascienceclass400kilometersaboveEarthonOctober12.ItwasthethirdspaceclassfromtheTiangongspacestation,butthefirstonefromtheWentianlabmodule(實(shí)驗(yàn)艙)sinceitslaunchinJuly.TheformertwoclasseswereheldintheTianhecoremodule(核心艙).Whatdoesthenew“classroom”looklike?Chen,togetherwithLiuYangandCaiXuzhe,showedusaround.“ThebedsintheTianhemoduleareplacedhorizontally(橫著),whileourbedsarekeptupright,”saidLiu.ThatmeansastronautsintheWentianlabmoduleneedtosleepstandingup!ButasLiuexplained,peopledon'tfeelanydifferencebecausethere'snogravity(重力)inspace.Astronautscanevensleepontheceilingorupsidedown!Theastronautsalsoshowedtheir“spacefarm”,wherelettuce,wheat,thalecress(擬南芥)andricearegrown.“Takeapicture!”“Sendthepicture!”Throughavoicecontrolledcamera,ChenalreadysentapictureofthethalecresstoscientistsonEarth.Thenheusedscissorstocutasample(樣本).“I'llputitintoafridgeat80°CandlatergiveittoscientistsonEarth,”saidChen.Scientistswillstudyhowtheenvironmentofspaceaffectsthegrowthofplants.“Canyouseethewaterdropsingfromtheleaves?Thisiscalled‘guttation’(植物吐水現(xiàn)象),”saidLiu,holdingthewellgrownrice.Inspace,thewaterdropsaremuchbiggerthanthoseonEarth.Sopeoplecanclearlyseetheguttation.“Wehopeinthenearfuture,wecanharvestthefoodgrownonourown,”saidChen.“Maybeoneday,wecanharvestfoodontheotherplanetslikethemoonorevenMars!”6.HowdoastronautsintheWentianmodulesleep?7.HowdoscientistsonEarthstudytheplantsinthespacestation?A.Bygrowingtheplantsinspacethemselves.B.Bytakingandcollectingpicturesthemselves.C.Bystudyingthesamplesastronautsbringback.D.Bywatchingthemthroughrealtime(實(shí)時(shí))videocameras.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Apicture.B.Apackofrice.C.Apieceoflettuce.D.Apieceofthalecress.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ChenDonggavethethirdspaceclassfromtheWentianlabmodule.B.AstronautsintheWentianlabmoduleneedtosleepstandingup.C.Scientistscanstudyhowtheenvironmentinthespaceaffectthegrowthofplants.D.Maybewecanharvestfoodontheotherplanetsinthefuture.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Farmerscangetcropsonthemoonsoon.B.“Guttation”canbeseenfromleavesofrice.C.ScientistswilltrytogrowfoodonthemoonorevenMars.D.Lettuce,wheat,thalecresswillbegrownonotherplanets,too.COntheearlymorningofDecember17,theChang’e5lunarprobe(月球探測(cè)器)landedsafelyonthegrasslandsinInnerMongolia,meaningtheChang’e5mission(任務(wù))endedsuccessfully.Chang'e5waslaunchedfromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterinHainanProvinceonNovember24,2020.OnDecember1,theprobegottothemoon.Duringthestayonthemoon,itcollected1,731gramsofrockandsoilsamples(樣品).OnDecember3,ournationalflagwasshownonthemoon.Afterthat,theprobewasreadytogohome.Chinaisnostrangertolunarexploration(探月)programs.Overtheyears,ithassentanumberofincreasinglychallengingmissionstothemoon.OneofthemostfamousmissionswasthehistoriclandingofChang'e4spacecraftonthemoon'sfarsidein2019.AsChang'e5reachedanewareaofthemoon,thislaunchsuccessfullypushedthelimits(極限)evenfurther.It'snodoubtagreatstepforwardforthespaceindustry.ThisisatrulyhistoriceventforChina'sspaceprogram,makingChinathethirdnationintheworldtobringsamplesbackfromthemoon.ThesuccesshasalsomadeChang'e5thefirstspacecrafttobringbacksamplesfromthemoonsince1976whenaRussianspaceshipbroughtback170.1gramsofsamplestotheearth.Thiswasnoeasytask,butChinahasmadeit.11.What'sthemeaningoftheChang'e5lunarprobelandedsafely?A.TheChang'e5hasbeenlaunchedsuccessfully.B.TheChang'e5finisheditstasksuccessfully.C.TheChang'e5hasalotofproblemstosolve.D.Chinaisthestrongestcountryinlunarexploration.12.HowlongdidthewholeChang'e5missionlast?A.Abouthalfamonth.B.Around10days.C.Overamonth.D.Morethan20days.13.Theunderlinedword“l(fā)aunched”inparagraph2meansinChinese.A.recycledB.sentC.inventedD.damaged14.Paragraph3mainlytalksabout.A.theimportanceofspaceexplorationB.thedifficultyinlunarexplorationC.thefutureofChina'sspaceprogramD.theprogressinChina'smoonmissions15.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthepassage?A.CULTUREB.TRAVELC.SCIENCED.SPORTDOnNovember14,2023,theInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO)(國(guó)際民用航空組織)officiallyrecognizedChina'sBeiDouSatelliteNavigation(衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航)System(BDS)astheworldlevel.Thismakesitoneoffourglobalsatellitenavigationsystems,alongwiththeUnitedStates’GPS,Russia’sGLONASSandtheEuropeanUnion'sGalileo.ChinastartedtodeveloptheBDSin1994.Thesystemcameintousein2000.After12yearsofwork,itbeganservingtheAsiaPacificregion.In2020,withtheglobaluseofBDS3,Chinahasimprovedthesystemtoprovideuserswithmorecorrectpositioningservices,makingitavaluabletoolformoreindustries,includingtransportation,agriculture,andsurveying.Now,with59satellitesinitsnetwork,theBDShasservedmorethan1.5billionusersacrosstheworld.Mostmobileappsprovidingmaps,navigationandshoppingservicesinChinaalreadysupporttheBDS.China'ssatellitenavigationindustryisgrowingfast.Itsvaluereachedmorethan500billionyuanin2022.Thatnumberisexpectedtodoubleby2025.Inthefirsthalfyearof2023,therewereabout13.4millionnewBDSdevices(設(shè)備).Nearly60%wereusedintransportsystems.Therestwereusedinmunicationandagriculture.Theformermadeupabout28%andthelatter12%.AsBDSgetsmorepopular,itisexpectedtoplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinglobalnavigationandpositioningservices.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“recognized”inParagraph1probablymeaninChinese?A.developedB.acceptedC.triedD.improved17.WhendidBDSstarttoservetheAsiaPacificregion?A.1994.B.2000.C.2012.D.2020.18.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph3?A.ItisveryexpensivetoputBDSintouse.B.AllofthemobileappsinChinasupporttheBDS.C.BeiDouSatelliteNavigationSystemisdevelopingrapidly.D.China'ssatellitenavigationindustryisfacinggreatchallenges.19.Inthefirsthalfyearof2023,mostBDSserviceswereusedin.A.agricultureB.publicsafetyC.municationD.transportsystems20.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.BDShasbeenwidelyusedinmanyfields.B.BDShasservedmoreusersthanRussia'sGLONASS.C.BDSbegantoprovidepositioningservicesforpeoplein1994.D.BDSisthemostimportantsatellitenavigationsystemintheworld.EALongMarch2FrocketcarryingtheShenzhouXVIIIspacecraftwiththreeastronautsaboardblastedofffromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinNorthwestChinaat8:59p.m.onApril25th.ThecrewarescheduledtoreturntotheDongfenglandingsiteinNorthChina'sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegioninlateOctober.Duringtheirstayinorbit,theShenzhou18crewwillwitnessthearrivaloftheTianzhou8cargocraftandtheShenzhou19crewedspaceship,Linsaid.Thecrewwillutilizethescientificexperimentcabinets(實(shí)驗(yàn)柜)andextravehicularpayloads(車外有效載荷)tocarryoutmorethan90experimentsinthefieldsofbasicphysicsinmicrogravity,spacematerialscience,spacelifescience,spacemedicine,andspacetechnology.HighlightsoftheShenzhou18missionThe3rdmannedflightmissioninthespacestation'sapplicationanddevelopmentphase,aswellasthe32ndflightmissionsincetheinitiationofChina'smannedspaceproject.Allthreecrewmembersarefromthepost1980sgeneration.Andtwoofthemarenewerstospace.Thecrewwillconduct2to3extravehicularactivitiesand6cargoairlockexits.ThecrewwillbringthefirstfishtoTiangongtoimplement(實(shí)施)China'sfirstinorbitaquaticecologicalresearchproject.Theworld'sfirstinorbitstemcellstudyontheplant'sstemtipswillalsobeconductedabout6.5hours.FutureplansChina'sfourthroundselectionoftaikonauntswillsoonbepleted.Afterjoiningtheteam,theywillworktogetherwithincumbenttaikonauntstocarryoutthefollowingupmissionsinthespacestationandachievethegoaloflandingonthemoon.Chinawillintensifyandpromotetheparticipationofforeignastronautsaswellasspacetouristsinspacemissions.21.HowlongwillbetheShenzhou18crewstayinorbit(在軌)?A.Forlessthanthreemonths.B.Forabout6months.C.Formorethan8months.D.Foroverayear.22.WhichphrasecanreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph2?A.makeuseofB.havedifficultyinC.getreadyforD.payattentionto23.WhichofthestatementaboutShenzhou18isTRUE?A.ItwaslaunchedatDongfenglandingsiteinNorthChina'sInnerMongoliaB.ItwillreturnbeforetheShenzhou19launchesintothespace.C.Allthreecrewmembersarenewerstothespace.D.Shenzhou18isaflightmissionduringtheapplicationanddevelopmentstageofChina'sspacestation.24.WhatisunlikelytohappenduringtheChina'sfutureplans?A.China'sfourthroundtaikonauntswillworktogethertocarryoutthefollowingupmissions.B.Thegoaloflandingonthemoonwillbefinished.C.Foreignastronautscan'tbeallowedtoentertheChina'sspacestation.D.Somespacetouristsmayjoininthespacemissions.25.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Anewswebsite.B.AfictionnovelC.Atourguide.D.Anfashionmagazine.完型填空SomestudentsoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish.Theysaythe1takesuptoomuchoftheirtime.Theyhavetoreadmanypassages,2newwordsinthedictionaryanddolotsofexercises.Eventhoughtheyworkhard,theystillcannotgetgoodgradesontests.“3?”,theyask.“HowcanIenjoysuccess?”ThestoryofChineseastronautDengQingmingmighthelptoanswer4questions.Dengwaschosenasanastronauttrainee(實(shí)習(xí)生)in1998.Thatwaslongagoyoureadershadn'tevenbeenbornyet.Sincethatday,hehadspentalmostallofhistimetraininghardtobee5.Overtheyears,Denghasseenhisfellowtraineesgointospaceoneafteranother.He,however,wasalwaysabackup(后備人員).Heoftenfeltsad.Sometimes,heeven6.Dengstilltrieshisbestforthedream.7heisnowinhisfifties,hekeepstraininghard.“Imustbereadywheneverthechanceestome.”Heoncesaid.Finally,onthenightofNovember29,2022,heandtwootherastronautsboardedtheShenzhou15aircraftandflewintospace.Denghadwaited24yearsforthatverymoment.So,ifyouwanttogiveup8English(orsomethingelse),thinkaboutDeng'sstory.Youreffortsmightnotsucceedatonce.Butbe9,trytoimproveyourmethodsandkeepgoing.Youprobablywon'thavetowaitmanyyearsforthatmoment10Deng.Oneday,successwillknockatyourdoor.1.A.subjectB.countryC.bookD.writer2.A.lookatB.lookafterC.lookupD.lookfor3.A.WhereB.WhenC.WhatD.Why4.A.yourB.theirC.ourD.its5.A.ateacherB.anartistC.anastronautD.anengineer6.A.criedB.laughedC.dancedD.ran7.A.ButB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.If8.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning9.A.popularB.politeC.patientD.wide10.A.withB.forC.toD.likeBSpacesuitsdon'tjustmakeastronautslookcool.Withoutthese11suits,astronautswouldn'tbeabletoleavetheirspaceship.Thatistosay,theywouldn'tbeableto12ontheMoonorworkoutsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.Spaceisa13placeforhumanbeings.Firstly,thereisnoairtobreathe.Secondly,spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation(輻射),energythatcanpassthroughourbodiesandmakeus14.Thirdly,somepartsofspacearereallycold15otherpartsareveryhot.Soastronautscoulddieinjustafewsecondsifthey16outsidetheirspaceshipwithouttheirsuits.Withaspacesuit,though,astronautscanmovearoundinspaceforseveralhours.Spacesuitskeepastronauts17sealed(密封的)inside.AbackpacksendsO?intoletastronautsbreathenormally.Atthesametime,theCo?18astronautsbreatheoutissuckedaway.Thesuitalsoprotectsthemfromharmfulradiationandfastmovingspacedust.19thespacesuitisanothersuitthatlookslikeapairoftightpajamas(睡衣)withlittlepipesrunningthroughthem.Waterrunsthroughthesepipesto20astronautsbecausewearingaspacesuitcanmakeastronautsveryhot!11.A.privateB.specialC.plasticD.expensive12.A.runB.walkC.liveD.surf13.A.funnyB.naturalC.beautifulD.dangerous14.A.sickB.boredC.strongD.relaxed15.A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.while16.A.rushedB.jumpedC.steppedD.escaped17.A.safelyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.terribly18.A.whoB.thisC.thatD.whether19.A.AboveB.UnderC.BehindD.Between20.A.washawayB.warmupC.cooloffD.cleanout語(yǔ)法填空AFiftyyearsago,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstsatellite,Dongfanghong1,andstartedanewchapterinspaceexploration.Tomarkits50thanniversary,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministration1.(announce)thenameforthecountry'sMarsplanetaryexplorationprogramonApril24.Themission,Tianwen,orQuestforHeavenlyTruth,gotitsnamefromalongpoemTianwenwhich2.(write)byQuYuan,afamouspoetoftheWarringStatesPeriod(475221BC),Inthepoem,Quraisedaseriesofquestionsaboutthesky.Chinahasmadegreatprogressinspaceexploration.Asearlyas1970,Chinalaunched3.(it)firstmanmadeEarthsatellite,beingthefifthcountryintheworldtolaunchmanmadesatellites4.(dependent).Overthepastfewyears,China'smissions,includingtheShenzhouandChang'sseriesweredesigned5.(explore)outerspace,expandedmankind'sunderstandingofEarthandtheuniverse.Thistime,theTianwenserieswillcarryoutthefirstMarsexplorationmission6.expertsconsiderthestartofChina'sexplorationofMars,representingamilestoneforChina'smovetowarddeepspace.“TianwenrepresentsChinesepeople’srelentless(不懈的)pursuitoftruth,thecountry’s7.(culture)inheritance(遺產(chǎn))toexplorenatureandtheuniverse,aswellasthe8.(end)explorationsinscienceandtechnology,”GeXiaochun,chiefengineeroftheNationalSpaceAdministration,toldChinaDaily.Indeed,withthename'sdeeprootsinChinesetraditionalculture,it9.(accept)widelyamongthepublic.Tianwendemonstratesthe10.(determine)andperseveranceofChinesepeopletomovefurtherintodeepspace.BSittinginsidetheShenzhouXVIspacecraft,GuiHaichao,thefirstChinesecivilianonaspaceflight,togetherwiththeothertwoastronauts,1.(launch)bya20storytallLongMarch2Fcarrierrocket2.tookoffat9:31amonMay30,2023attheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.Bornin1986,Gui'senthusiasm(熱情)forscience3.(develop)sincechildhood.Hehadasetofencyclopediasfromwhichhegainedalotof4.(base)spaceknowledge.Yearslater,GuiHaichaoattendedBeihangUniversity,majoringin(主修)spacecraftdesignandengineering.Guithenpursuedpostdoctoralresearchoverseasandpu