浙江省紹興市2024-2025學年高二英語下學期期末調(diào)測試題含解析

PAGE26-浙江省紹興市2024-2025學年高二英語下學期期末調(diào)測試題（含解析）本試卷分第一卷（選擇題）、其次卷（非選擇題），滿分150分，考試時間為120分鐘。全部題目的答案都必需寫在答題卷上。第I卷留意事項：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Herpartnerisn’tpresenttoday.B.Shehatesdoingtheexperimentalone.CThemancan’tassistherwiththeexperiment.2.Whatwillthemanpaywith?A.Papercurrency.B.Acreditcard.C.WeChatpayment.3.WhenwillthenextbusleaveforNewYork?A.In25minutes.B.In30minutes.C.In35minutes.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Watchafootballgame.B.Catchaflight.C.Takeataxi.5.Whatisthemanafraidof?A.Hehasabadcold.B.Heisn’treadyforthespeech.C.Hecan’tgivetomorrow’sspeech.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardsthemistakemadebycustomerservice?A.Delightedbutanxious.B.Disappointedandangry.C.Annoyedbutunderstanding.7.Howwillthestoremakeupforthemistaketheyhavemade?A.Apologizetothewoman.B.Sendhertherightbagbyexpressmail.C.Giveherarefundofthemoneypaidforthebag.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.WhichlinewillthemantaketotheCentralTerminal?A.LineA.B.LineB.C.LineC.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthe7-daypass?A.It’saspecialtouristpass.B.Itcostsabout1.5dollarspertrip.C.It’smoreeconomicalthanaregularticket.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahotel.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atanairport.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheconversation?A.Theweightlimittotheman’sluggageis23kilos.B.Themanwilltakesomebooksaboardtheplane.C.Themanhasonlyonesuitcasetocheckin.12.WhenwillthemanflyingtoNewYork?A.6:35pm.B.6:15pm.C.6:55pm.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Companycolleagues.B.Fellowstudents.C.Employerandemployee.14.WhereisJimgoing?A.Chicago.B.Atlanta.C.California.15.WhyisMarthaleavingtheplant?AShe’sappliedforanewjob.B.She’sgotpromotedtoahigherposition.C.She’sbeenappointedtomanageanotherplant.16.Whydoesthewomanwanttoremaininthecompanyoffice?A.Sheisfondofherpresentjob.B.Sheisstillnewinherposition.C.Shehopestogetrecognitionfromhersuperiors.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Howtomakeanexcellentclassnewspaper.B.Howtoaskquestionsasaqualifiedjournalist.C.Howtocollectquestionsthatinterestthestudentsmost.18.Whatisthemostimportantwhencreatingapaper?A.Thehottestissuesoftheschoollife.B.Thestudents’interestandattention.C.Thestudentreporters’strengthsandspecialties.19.Whichismentionedasahottopicthatstudentscareaboutmost?A.Thecomingholiday.B.Cafeteriafoodquality.C.Theschool’snewheadmaster.20.Wherecanyougetideasofthestoriesforreference?A.Awebsite.B.Amagazine.C.Anewspaper.其次部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAlittleboyalwaysthoughtofhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecausepolio(小兒麻痹癥)madehisleglameandhisteethuneven.Heseldomplayedwithhisclassmates;whentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions,healwaysloweredhisheadwithoutaword.Onespring,theboy’sfatheraskedforsomeseedsfromtheneighbor.Hewantedtoplanttheminfrontofthehouse.Hetoldhischildrentoplantaseedeach.Thefathersaidtothem,“Whoseseedgrowsbest,Iwillbuyhimorheragift.”Theboyalsowantedtogethisfather’sgift,butseeinghisbrothersandsisterswateringthetreesjoyfully,anyhow,hehituponanidea:hehopedthetreeheplantedwoulddiesoon.Sowateringitonceortwice,heneverattendedtoit.Afewdayslater,whenthelittleboywenttoseehistreeagain,hewassurprisedtofinditnotonlydidn’tbecomeweak,butalsogrewsomefreshleaves,andcomparedwiththetreesofhisbrothersandsisters,histreeappearedgreenerandmorevital.Hisfatherkepthispromise,boughtthelittleboyhisfavoritegiftandsaidtohim,“Fromthetreeyouplanted,youwouldbecomeanoutstandingbotanist(植物學家)whenyougrewup.”Sincethen,thelittleboygraduallybecameoptimistic.Oneday,thelittleboylayonthebedbutcouldn’tsleep.Lookingatthebrightmoonlightoutsidethewindow,hesuddenlyrecalledwhatthebiologyteacheroncesaid,plantsgenerallygrowatnight.Whynotgotoseethetree?Whenhecametothecourtyardontiptoe,hefoundhisfatherwassplashingsomethingunderhistreewithalargespoon.Allofasudden,heunderstood:hisfatherhadbeensecretlyfertilizinghissmalltree!Hereturnedtohisroom,tearsrunningdownhisface.Evenifitisjustaspoonofclearwater,itcanmakethetreeoflifethrive.1.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs1-2thatthelittleboy______.A.wasambitiousinspiteofhisdisabilityB.wasdisabledandthereforelessconfidentC.showednointerestinplantsandquitwateringthetreeD.feltlonelyandunluckyduetotheprejudiceagainsthim2.Whydidfatherhelpthelittleboyinthecompetition?A.Heintendedtoofferhimagift.B.Hebelievedthatheisgiftedinbotany.C.Heattemptedtogivehimmoreencouragement.D.Hewantedtohelphimadapttohisdisability.3.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheBestNutritionofLifeB.APreciousGiftfromFatherC.AnUnforgettableCompetitioninLifeD.TheMostPowerfulSupportfortheDisabled【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了一個認為自己天生不幸的小男孩，經(jīng)過一次種樹的經(jīng)驗，受到父親的激勵，而得到自信的故事?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“Alittleboyalwaysthoughtofhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecausepolio(小兒麻痹癥)madehisleglameandhisteethuneven.(一個小男孩總是認為自己是世界上最不幸的人，因為小兒麻痹癥讓他的一條腿瘸了，牙齒參差不齊)”及最終一句“whentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions,healwaysloweredhisheadwithoutaword(老師讓他回答問題時，他總是低著頭不說話)”，并結(jié)合其次段小男孩雖然想得到禮物，但是希望小樹快點死掉可推知，小男孩是殘疾人，因此而不自信。故選B項。【2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，父親偷偷為小男孩種的樹施肥，結(jié)合第三段最終一句父親說的話“Fromthetreeyouplanted,youwouldbecomeanoutstandingbotanist(植物學家)whenyougrewup.(從你種的樹看，你長大后會變成一個杰出的植物學家)”可知，父親在競賽中幫助小男孩是想要給他激勵。故選C項。【3題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合文章最終一句“Evenifitisjustaspoonofclearwater,itcanmakethetreeoflifethrive.(即使只是一勺清水，也可以使生活之樹強壯成長)”可知，文章講解并描述了一個認為自己天生不幸的小男孩，經(jīng)過一次種樹的經(jīng)驗，受到父親的激勵而得到自信的故事，故A項“生活最好的養(yǎng)分”適合作文章標題，故選A項?！军c睛】BExerciseisanimportantpartofstayinghealthy.Studiesshowthatitcanhelpstrengthenthebody’snaturaldefensesagainstdisease.Butexercisedoesnotjustkeepushealthy.Formanypeople,itispartoftheirdailyroutine,makingthemfeelbetteraboutthemselves.Gettingenoughexerciseatdifficulttimes,suchasthecurrentcoronaviruspandemic(新冠疫情),isimportant.However,duetothebansonclosecontactbetweenindividuals,gymsandexercisestudiosarenotopen.Inareaswithstay-at-homeorders,exercisingoutsidemaynotbeassimpleasusual.So,peoplearechangingthewaytheyexerciseduringthispandemic.BethBerglinisthedirectorofagalleryinMiami,Florida.Beforethepandemic,herexerciseroutineinvolvedgoingtocamp-styleclassesfourmorningsaweek.Now,theareawhereshetrainsisclosed.Butsheisstayingactivethroughonlineclasses.“Partofthereasonweexerciseistohavethatmentalbreak,”shesaid.“Ican’timaginegettingthroughthiswithouthavingsomeformofphysicalactivity.”Fitnesscompaniesarechangingtomeetthenewenvironment.Somearehelpingpeoplestayactivebyofferingonlineclasses,someofwhicharefreeorhavereducedcost.Someareofferinglongertrialperiodsforat-homeworkouts.Duringatrialperiod,peoplecantryaproductorserviceforfree.Somehavecompletelymovedtheirtrainingprogramsonline.Manyoftheseonlineexerciseclassesaremadeforsmallerspacesanddonotrequireanyspecialequipment.Fitnesscompaniesthathavebeenusinganonlinemodelseembetterpreparedthanothers.Theyareusingthepandemictoexpandtheirfitnessofferingsandappealtonewcustomers.Someofthosenewcustomersincludechildrenwhoarenowlearningathomeduringthepandemic.Foundersofoneonlineexercisecompany,namedObe,saidthattheyreceivedrequestsforchildren’sclassesfromparents.So,theylaunchedfour10-minutedanceandstrengthworkoutsforchildren10yearsoldandyounger.4.Whatdoestheword“this”inparagraph3probablyreferto?A.Theunexpectedloneliness. B.Thedailyexerciseroutine.C.Thegreatlossofbusiness. D.Thelastinghealthcatastrophe.5.Accordingtotheauthor,onlinefitnesscourses______.A.callforlessdemandingplacesbutmorecostsB.facesomechallengesindevelopingnewlearningmodelsC.attractmorecustomersbymeetingtheirindividualneedsD.aremorepopularcomparedwiththeusualwayofexercise6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thosewhokeepexercisinghavenoriskofinfection.B.Regularexerciseisaneffectivewaytokeepmentalhealth.C.Obe’sfoundersareoptimisticaboutthefutureoftheircompany.D.Thewidespreadpandemicforcespeopletobreaktheexerciseroutine.【答案】4.D5.C6.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了熬煉是保持健康的重要方式，在疫情期間，人們正在變更熬煉方式?！?題詳解】詞句揣測題。其次段提到由于禁止近距離接觸，健身房不再開放，再結(jié)合劃線詞后的“withouthavingsomeformofphysicalactivity(沒有某種形式的體育熬煉)”可推知，“Ican’timaginegettingthroughthis”意為“我無法想象經(jīng)驗持續(xù)的健康災難”，this指代的是“持續(xù)的健康災難”，故選D項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段其次句“Theyareusingthepandemictoexpandtheirfitnessofferingsandappealtonewcustomers.(他們正在利用疫情擴大健身服務，吸引新客戶)”及下文提到某在線健身公司的創(chuàng)始人Obe收到了家長提出的兒童課程申請后，為10歲以下兒童推出了10分鐘舞蹈和力氣訓練課程。可推知，網(wǎng)上健身課程的目的是通過滿意個人需求，來吸引更多客戶。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“Formanypeople,itispartoftheirdailyroutine,makingthemfeelbetteraboutthemselves.(對很多人來說，熬煉是他們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠郑屗麄冏晕腋杏X更好)”可推知，定期熬煉是保持心理健康的有效方式，故選B項?！军c睛】CAprilisNationalPoetryMonthandnaturallyagreattimetoexplorethepowersofpoetry.Readingandwritingpoetryengageoursensesalongwithouremotions.Bothhavehighlytherapeutic(治療的)effectsonthemind.Thestructureofapoemfavorsbrieflanguageyetthebestpoemsalsocapturebriefdetail,makingthempowerfulingettingamessageacrosstothereader.Writingpoetryrequiresextremelydisciplinedchoiceofwordsandthenumberofwords,tocreateasharpandaccuratesnapshotofthepoet’sfeeling.Thiscombinationofconcisenessanddetailgivesthereaderopenaccesstothepoet’smindandenablesthereadertotrulyconnectwithhim.Writingpoetryrequiresustobeopenandhonestaboutourfeelingssothatwecanvoicethemthroughpenandpaper.Thisacknowledgementofourinnermostthoughtsallowsustobetruetoourselvesandboostsourself-respect.Thebestpoetryiswrittenwhenwearetrulyinthemidstofouremotions.Thisiswhenthereleaseofemotionstopenandthenpaperasanoutletcalmsusandenablesustomoveforward.Poetry’spowerfulhealingqualitieshavebeendocumentedduringbothworldwarsandtheAmericancivilwar:poemswerereadtosoldierstohelpthemcopewithsufferingsandthecrueltyofwar.Doctorswouldwritepoemsforpatients,emotionallyconnectingwiththem.AgoodexampleofthisisJohnKeatswhoalsotrainedasadoctor.Poetryhasalsobeenusedbymodern-daydoctorsandphysiciansatYaleUniversitySchoolofMedicineandUniversityCollegeLondonSchoolofMedicine.Yaleactuallyhasacommitteethatmaintainsarequiredliteraryreadinglistwhichincludespoetry.Poetryallowsboththedoctorandthepatienttounderstandtheemotionsthatthepatientmightbegoingthrough.Theuseofpoetrycontinuestogrowasarecognizedformoftherapy.MorepsychotherapistsacrosstheUS,UKandEuropecontinuetousepoetrytherapyaspartoftheirpractice.GloballytheInternationalFederationforPoetryTherapysetsstandardsofexcellenceinthetrainingofpractitionersinthefieldofpoetrytherapy,qualifyingthemtopractice.7.Whatcontributestothehighlytherapeuticpowerofreadingandwritingpoetry?A.Thecloselinkinemotionsbetweenreadersandpoets.B.Theaccuratesnapshotofpoets’feeling.C.Thedeliberatechoiceofwords.D.Thebriefstructureofpoetry.8.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobeabestpoem?A.Apoemapplyingeffectivewritingtechniques.B.Apoemdescribingthebeautyofnaturebyimagination.C.Apoemborrowingideasfromotherpoets’masterpieces.D.Apoemconveyingone’srealthoughtsandtruefeelings.9.Theauthorexplainstheuseofpoetryasaformoftherapyinhistoryby______.A.analyzingcauses B.givingexamplesC.makingacomparison D.presentingresearchfindings10.Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A.Poetryisanopeningtoletoutyouremotions.B.Poetryisagoodmedicinetocureavarietyofdiseases.C.Poetry’shealingqualitiescanmakeadifferencetoareader’smind.D.Poetry’suniqueartformmakespoemsgainwidepopularityinhistory.【答案】7.A8.D9.B10.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了詩歌這種文學形式，指出了最好的詩歌是在我們真正沉醉在情感中時寫成的，同時舉例說明白詩歌具有的治療作用。【7題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中Writingpoetryrequiresextremelydisciplinedchoiceofwordsandthenumberofwords,tocreateasharpandaccuratesnapshotofthepoet’sfeeling.Thiscombinationofconcisenessanddetailgivesthereaderopenaccesstothepoet’smindandenablesthereadertotrulyconnectwithhim.可知寫詩須要極其嚴謹?shù)倪x詞用字和字數(shù)，才能創(chuàng)作出顯明而精確的詩人感情寫照。這種簡練與細微環(huán)節(jié)的結(jié)合，讓讀者可以自由地進入詩人的思想，真正地與他產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系。由此可知，是讀者與詩人之間情感的緊密聯(lián)系，使讀詩和寫詩具有高度的治療作用。故選A。【8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中Thebestpoetryiswrittenwhenwearetrulyinthemidstofouremotions.可知最好的詩歌是在我們真正沉醉在情感中時寫成的。由此可推知，表達真實思想和感情的詩，最有可能是最好的詩。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Poetry’spowerfulhealingqualitieshavebeendocumentedduringbothworldwarsandtheAmericancivilwar:poemswerereadtosoldierstohelpthemcopewithsufferingsandthecrueltyofwar.Doctorswouldwritepoemsforpatients,emotionallyconnectingwiththem.AgoodexampleofthisisJohnKeatswhoalsotrainedasadoctor.可知詩歌強大的治療作用在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)和美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間都有所記載：詩歌被讀給士兵聽，幫助他們應對斗爭的苦痛和殘酷。醫(yī)生會為病人寫詩，與他們建立情感上的聯(lián)系。一個很好的例子就是約翰濟慈，他也是一名醫(yī)生。由此可推知，作者通過舉例子的方式來說明歷史上詩歌作為一種治療方式來運用。故選B。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中Theuseofpoetrycontinuestogrowasarecognizedformoftherapy.MorepsychotherapistsacrosstheUS,UKandEuropecontinuetousepoetrytherapyaspartoftheirpractice.可知詩歌的運用作為一種公認的治療形式接著增長。在美國、英國和歐洲，越來越多的心理治療師接著將詩歌療法作為他們治療的一部分。結(jié)合文章主要介紹了詩歌這種文學形式，指出了最好的詩歌是在我們真正沉醉在情感中時寫成的，同時舉例說明白詩歌具有的治療作用。由此可知，這篇文章主要傳達了詩歌的治療作用可以對讀者的心靈產(chǎn)生影響。故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Overflowingriverscancauseenormousdamage.____11____Anditcontinuestorise.Sofarithasnotbeenevidenthowclimatechangeinfluencesthemagnitude(規(guī)模)ofriverfloods.AustrianfloodexpertProf.GünterBl?schlfromTUWien(Vienna)hasledalargeinternationalstudyinvolvingatotalof35researchgroups.Thestudyprovidesclearevidencethatitisclimatechangethatcausesthechangeofmagnitudeoffloodeventsobservedinrecentdecades.____12____InnorthwesternEurope,floodsarebecomingincreasinglysevere;insouthernandeasternEurope,floodmagnitudesmostlytendtodecrease,althoughinsmallcatchments(集水區(qū))theymayactuallyincrease.“Wealreadyknewthatclimatechangeisshiftingthetimingoffloodswithinayear,”saysGünterBl?schl.“Butthekeyquestionis:Doesclimatechangealsocontrolthemagnitudeoffloodevents?Thepreviousavailabledatahadnotbeenadequatetofigureoutwhetherthisisthecaseornot.Wehavenowexaminedthisquestioningreatdetailandcansaywithconfidence:____13____”Forthestudy,datafrom3,738floodmeasurementstationsinEuropefrom1960to2010wereanalyzed.Foralongtimeithasbeenassumedthatclimatechangeishavinganimpactonthemagnitudeoffloodwatersbecauseawarmeratmospherecanstoremorewater.____14____Incentralandnorth-westernEurope,betweenIcelandandAustria,floodmagnitudesareincreasingbecauserainfallisincreasingandthesoilsarebecomingwetter.InsouthernEurope,ontheotherhand,floodlevelsaredecreasing,asclimatechangeresultsindecliningrainfallandthehighertemperaturescauseincreasedevaporationofwaterinthesoil.InthemorecontinentalclimateofEasternEurope,themagnitudesoffloodstendtodecreaseduetoshallowersnowpacksinwinterassociatedwithhighertemperatures.____15____“Buttheregionalpatternsallmatchwellwithpredictedclimatechangeimpacts,”saysBl?schl,“Thisshowsusthatwearealreadyinthemidstofclimatechange.”A.ProcessesdifferacrossEurope.B.Yes,climatechangeisavitalfactor.C.Themagnitudeofthechangesisremarkable.D.Floodmanagementmustadapttothesenewrealities.E.However,climatechangedoesnothavethesameeffectonfloodseverywhere.F.Thelatestfindingsshowthatthisisnottheonlyeffect,thingsaremorecomplicated.G.Worldwide,theannualdamagecausedbyriverfloodsisestimatedatover100billiondollars.【答案】11.G12.E13.B14.F15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講了泛濫的河流會造成巨大的破壞，全世界每年因洪水造成的損失估計超過1000億美元。到目前為止，還不清晰氣候變更如何影響河流洪水的規(guī)模?！?1題詳解】依據(jù)上文Overflowingriverscancauseenormousdamage.可知泛濫的河流會造成巨大的破壞。由此可知，本句承接上文，具體說明洪水會造成怎樣的破壞。故G選項“全世界每年因洪水造成的損失估計超過1000億美元”符合語境，故選G?！?2題詳解】依據(jù)上文Thestudyprovidesclearevidencethatitisclimatechangethatcausesthechangeofmagnitudeoffloodeventsobservedinrecentdecades.可知這項探討供應了明確的證據(jù)，表明氣候變更導致了近幾十年來視察到的洪水事務的規(guī)模變更。以及后文InnorthwesternEurope,floodsarebecomingincreasinglysevere;insouthernandeasternEurope,floodmagnitudesmostlytendtodecrease,althoughinsmallcatchments(集水區(qū))theymayactuallyincrease.可知在歐洲西北部，洪水越來越嚴峻；在南歐和東歐，洪水強度大多趨向于削減，盡管在小的集水區(qū)，它們事實上可能增加。由此可知，各個地區(qū)洪水的變更都不相同，說明氣候變更對各地洪水的影響并不相同。故E選項“然而，氣候變更對各地洪水的影響并不相同”符合語境，故選E?！?3題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Wealreadyknewthatclimatechangeisshiftingthetimingoffloodswithinayear,”saysGünterBl?schl.“Butthekeyquestionis:Doesclimatechangealsocontrolthemagnitudeoffloodevents?Thepreviousavailabledatahadnotbeenadequatetofigureoutwhetherthisisthecaseornot.Wehavenowexaminedthisquestioningreatdetailandcansaywithconfidence…可知GunterBloschl說:“我們已經(jīng)知道氣候變更在一年內(nèi)變更了洪水發(fā)生的時間。但關(guān)鍵問題是：氣候變更是否也限制了洪水事務的規(guī)模？以前可獲得的數(shù)據(jù)并不足以說明狀況是否如此。我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)特別具體地探討了這個問題，可以自信地說……由此可知，本句位于本段最終一句，有總結(jié)上文的作用，上文提到GunterBloschl對“氣候變更是否也限制了洪水事務的規(guī)模”問題進行了探討，故本句應當是說明對這一問題的回答，氣候變更是影響洪水規(guī)模的一個重要因素。故B選項“是的，氣候變更是一個至關(guān)重要的因素”符合語境，故選B。【14題詳解】依據(jù)后文Incentralandnorth-westernEurope,betweenIcelandandAustria,floodmagnitudesareincreasingbecauserainfallisincreasingandthesoilsarebecomingwetter.InsouthernEurope,ontheotherhand,floodlevelsaredecreasing,asclimatechangeresultsindecliningrainfallandthehighertemperaturescauseincreasedevaporationofwaterinthesoil.InthemorecontinentalclimateofEasternEurope,themagnitudesoffloodstendtodecreaseduetoshallowersnowpacksinwinterassociatedwithhighertemperatures.可知在歐洲中部和西北部，在冰島和奧地利之間，由于降雨增加和土壤變得更加潮濕，洪水強度正在增加。另一方面，在南歐，由于氣候變更導致降雨削減，高溫導致土壤水分蒸發(fā)增加，洪水水位正在下降。在更具大陸性氣候的東歐，由于冬季較淺的積雪與較高的溫度相關(guān)聯(lián)，洪水的強度往往會削減。由此可知，最新發(fā)覺表明，氣候變更不是洪水規(guī)模的唯一影響，各個地區(qū)的狀況不一樣，事情更加困難了。故F選項“最新的發(fā)覺表明這不是唯一的影響，事情更困難”符合語境，故選F。【15題詳解】依據(jù)上一段中Incentralandnorth-westernEurope,betweenIcelandandAustria,floodmagnitudesareincreasingbecauserainfallisincreasingandthesoilsarebecomingwetter.InsouthernEurope,ontheotherhand,floodlevelsaredecreasing,asclimatechangeresultsindecliningrainfallandthehighertemperaturescauseincreasedevaporationofwaterinthesoil.InthemorecontinentalclimateofEasternEurope,themagnitudesoffloodstendtodecreaseduetoshallowersnowpacksinwinterassociatedwithhighertemperatures.可知在歐洲中部和西北部，在冰島和奧地利之間，由于降雨增加和土壤變得更加潮濕，洪水強度正在增加。另一方面，在南歐，由于氣候變更導致降雨削減，高溫導致土壤水分蒸發(fā)增加，洪水水位正在下降。在更具大陸性氣候的東歐，由于冬季較淺的積雪與較高的溫度相關(guān)聯(lián)，洪水的強度往往會削減。由此可知，整個歐洲的狀況各不相同。故A選項“歐洲各地的進程有所不同”符合語境，故選A。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Ittakesaspecialpersontoseealifeindangerandgooutofhiswaytomakeadifference.Butthat’sexactlywhatKoleDevisscherdidwhenhe____16____thethiniceofarivertosave10-year-oldChartrandfrom____17____.Theyoungmanwas____18____forhisbraverybyMPJoySmith.Smith____19____himwithacertificateandsaidDevisscherwouldbenominated(提名)fortheGovernorGeneral’sMedalofBravery.Describingthe____20____,Devisschersaidhethoughtitwassomething____21____whenhesawabluejacketintheriver.____22____forChartrand,theteenagerdecidedtobackuphistruckandtakeanotherlook.WhenDevisscherrealizedsomebodywas____23____inthecoldwater,heleaptinto____24____.“Igotoutofthetruckandgrabbedthetowstrapfromthebackseat.”explainedDevisscher.“Hecouldn’tquitegrabontotheropebecausehishandswerealreadyturningblue.ThenImadealooponthehookandgothimtoputitaroundhisshoulders.”Devisscher’sdadGerry,sayshissonrememberedsomeofthe_____25_____helearnedwhilesnowmobilingovertheyears.“Hewaslistening.Hejustcouldn’trefuseto_____26_____it.Hewantedtohelp,_____27_____atthattimeIwasnervoushewentoutthere.”TohonourKole’s_____28_____andtothankhimforsavingherson,themotheroftheboygaveDevisscherNathaniel’seaglefeather.“Whenhecalled,sayinghe_____29_____someone,itdidn’tsinkinatfirst.Today’sthefirsttimeI’veheardthewhole_____30_____.”“It’sjust_____31_____thatayoungmanlikeKolestoppedHegothimoutoftheriverandhecalmedhim,”MPSmithsaidatthepresentationceremony.“Ithinkheisanoutstandingyoungman,andallofCanadashouldbe_____32_____ofwhathe’sdone.”Devisschersaidhejust_____33_____otherswoulddothesame.“Itfeelsgood,noteverybodygetsthis_____34_____.It’sprettyawesome,”saidDevisscher.“IhopesomeoneelsewoulddothatformeifIwasunderthesame_____35_____.”16.A.braved B.melted C.assessed D.transformed17.A.swelling B.drowning C.panicking D.trembling18.A.appreciated B.exchanged C.rewarded D.honored19.A.guaranteed B.congratulated C.presented D.appointed20.A.consequence B.dilemma C.risk D.incident21.A.floatingby B.comingabout C.goingup D.tryingout22.A.Steadily B.Fortunately C.Accurately D.Eventually23.A.waving B.screaming C.struggling D.appealing24.A.action B.judgment C.process D.commitment25.A.professions B.symptoms C.emotions D.lessons26.A.takenoticeof B.putupwith C.subscribeto D.concentrateon27.A.since B.unless C.though D.until28.A.achievements B.efforts C.reputation D.encouragement29.A.informed B.ignored C.treated D.rescued30.A.story B.assistance C.experience D.state31.A.appropriate B.flexible C.amazing D.annoying32.A.guilty B.worthy C.conscious D.proud33.A.advocated B.expected C.approved D.demanded34.A.comment B.access C.award D.profit35.A.circumstance B.case C.trend D.phenomenon【答案】16.A17.B18.D19.C20.D21.A22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了科爾·德維斯徹救了10歲的溺水兒童查特朗，這個年輕人因他的英勇而受到喬伊·史密斯議員的表彰。德維斯徹希望別人遇到這樣的狀況，也能伸出援手。【16題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但這正是科爾·德維斯徹所做的，為了救了10歲的溺水的查特朗，他勇于置身河里的薄冰。A.braved勇于置身；B.melted溶化；C.assessed對……進行評估；D.transformed轉(zhuǎn)變。依據(jù)下文Theyoungmanwas____3____forhisbraverybyMPJoySmith.可知科爾·德維斯徹為了救10歲的溺水的查特朗，他勇于置身河里的薄冰。故選A。【17題詳解】考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這正是科爾·德維斯徹所做的，為了救了10歲的溺水的查特朗，他勇于置身河里的薄冰。A.swelling腫脹；B.drowning溺水；C.panicking驚惶；D.trembling顫抖。依據(jù)下文WhenDevisscherrealizedsomebodywas____8____inthecoldwater可知10歲的查特朗溺水了。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個年輕人因他的英勇而受到喬伊·史密斯議員的表彰。A.appreciated觀賞；B.exchanged交換；C.rewarded獎賞；D.honored給以……榮譽。下文說史密斯給他頒發(fā)了證書，并說德維斯徹將被提名為總督英勇勛章候選人，這是一種極高的榮譽。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：史密斯給他頒發(fā)了證書，并說德維斯徹將被提名為總督英勇勛章候選人。A.guaranteed保證；B.congratulated慶賀；C.presented頒發(fā)；D.appointed任命。證書是須要被頒發(fā)的。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：德維斯徹在描述這一事務時說，當他看到河里有一件藍色的夾克時，他以為是什么東西在漂過去。A.consequence結(jié)果；B.dilemma逆境；C.risk冒險；D.incident事務。德維斯徹救了一個落水的兒童，這是一個事務。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：德維斯徹在描述這一事務時說，當他看到河里有一件藍色的夾克時，他以為是什么東西在漂過去。A.floatingby漂移；B.comingabout產(chǎn)生；C.goingup上升；D.tryingout試驗。依據(jù)whenhesawabluejacketintheriver可知河里有一件藍色的夾克，結(jié)合生活常識，他肯定以為是有什么東西在漂過去。故選A。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：對于查特朗來說，幸運的是，少年確定倒車，再看一眼。A.Steadily穩(wěn)定地；B.Fortunately幸運地；C.Accurately精確地；D.Eventually最終。下文說少年確定倒車，再看一眼。這對于查特朗來說，是幸運的，否則查特朗極有可能失去獲救的機會。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當?shù)戮S斯徹意識到有人在冰冷的水中掙扎時，他馬上行動起來。A.waving揮手；B.screaming尖叫；C.struggling掙扎；D.appealing對……有吸引力。結(jié)合生活常識，查特朗溺水了，自然是在水里掙扎。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當?shù)戮S斯徹意識到有人在冰冷的水中掙扎時，他馬上行動起來。A.action行動；B.judgment推斷；C.process過程；D.commitment承諾。依據(jù)下文“Igotoutofthetruckandgrabbedthetowstrapfromthebackseat.”explainedDevisscher.結(jié)合上文說德維斯徹救了溺水的查特朗，由此推斷出，當?shù)戮S斯徹意識到有人在冰冷的水中掙扎時，他馬上行動起來。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：德維斯徹的父親格里說，他的兒子還記得多年來在雪上摩托學到的一些閱歷教訓。A.professions職業(yè)；B.symptoms癥狀；C.emotions情感；D.lessons閱歷教訓。依據(jù)helearned，可知這里指的是他的兒子還記得多年來在雪上摩托學到的一些閱歷教訓。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他就是不能拒絕去留意它。A.takenoticeof留意；B.putupwith忍受；C.subscribeto同意；D.concentrateon集中精力于。依據(jù)上文theteenagerdecidedtobackuphistruckandtakeanotherlook.可知這里表示他就是不能拒絕去留意它。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他想幫忙，盡管當時我很驚惶，但是他還是去了那里。A.since自從；B.unless除非；C.though盡管；D.until直到……為止?！爱敃r我很驚惶”和“他還是去了那里”構(gòu)成一種讓步關(guān)系，所以用though引導讓步狀語從句。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了感謝科爾的努力，也為了感謝他救了她的兒子，男孩的母親把納撒尼爾的鷹羽毛送給了他。A.achievements成就；B.efforts努力；C.reputation名聲；D.encouragement激勵?？茽枴さ戮S斯徹為了救查特朗，付出了很大的努力，男孩的母親感謝他所做的一切。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他打電話說他救了一個人時，一起先沒有弄明白。A.informed通知；B.ignored忽視；C.treated治療；D.rescued救出?？茽枴さ戮S斯徹救了查特朗，所以這里意思是他救了一個人。故選D。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今日是我第一次聽到整個新聞。A.story新聞；B.assistance救濟；C.experience經(jīng)驗；D.state國家。科爾·德維斯徹救了查特朗，這是史密斯聽到的一個新聞。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“令人驚異的是，像科爾這樣的年輕人停下來了……他把他從河里救了出來，讓他安靜下來，”史密斯議員在頒獎儀式上說。A.appropriate適當?shù)?；B.flexible敏捷的；C.amazing令人驚訝的；D.annoying惱人的。科爾·德維斯徹遇到溺水的男孩，并沒有走開，而是把他從河里救了出來，讓他安靜下來，這是讓人驚訝的事情。故選C。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為他是一個杰出的年輕人，全部的加拿大人都應當為他所做的感到傲慢。A.guilty有罪的；B.worthy值得的；C.conscious意識到的；D.proud傲慢的。依據(jù)Ithinkheisanoutstandingyoungman可知這里意思是全部的加拿大人都應當為他所做的感到傲慢。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：德維斯徹說，他只是希望其他人也這么做。A.advocated提倡；B.expected盼望；C.approved核準；D.demanded要求。依據(jù)IhopesomeoneelsewoulddothatformeifIwasunderthesame____20____可知他希望別人也能這樣做。故選B?！?4題詳