考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷32（共185題）

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷32（共9套）（共185題）考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共25題，每題1.0分，共25分。)Thebattletopreventoratleastslowglobalwarminghasintensifiedinthepastyearasscientistshavelearnedmoreaboutthemagnitudeoftheproblem.Oneoftheleadingclimateexperts,InezY.Fung,directoroftheAtmosphericSciencesCenterattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,recentlyshowedthattheearthmaysoonloseitsabilitytoabsorbmuchofthegreenhousegasthatisraisingtemperatures.Theoceansandcontinentscurrentlysoakupabouthalfthecarbondioxideproducedbytheburningoffossilfuels.Intheoceans,thegascombineswithwatertoformcarbonicacid;onland,plantstakeinmorecarbondioxideandgrowfaster.ButcomputermodelingdonebyFungandhercolleaguesindicatesthatthesecarbonsinkswillbecomelesseffectiveastheearthcontinuestowarm.Forexample,asthetropicsbecomehotteranddrierinthesummer,plantswillreducetheirrespirationofcarbondioxidetoavoidwaterloss.Atmosphericmeasurementsoverthepastdecadehaveconfirmedthiseffect.Iftheoceansandlandtakeinlesscarbondioxide,morewillremainintheatmosphereandglobalwarmingcouldacceleratecatastrophically.Despitethesewarningsigns,thegovernmentadministrationhasopposedapprovaloftheKyotoProtocol,theinternationaltreatymandatingreductionsingreenhousegasemissions.ButninestatesinthenortheasternU.S.areattemptingtosidestepthefederalgovernment'soppositionbytakingactionontheirown.LastAugustthegroupreachedapreliminaryagreementtoreduceemissionsofcarbondioxideby10percentby2020.Theplanrequiresapprovalbythestatelegislatures,butenvironmentalistsarealreadyhopingthatotherregionsoftheU.S.willfollowsuit.Ifadoptednationwide,theproposalwouldlowergreenhousegasemissionsbyroughlyasmuchastheKyotoProtocolwouldhave.SteveHoward,chiefexecutiveoftheClimateGroup,istacklingtheglobal-warmingproblemfromadifferentangle.Foundedin2004,theClimateGroupisacoalitionofcorporationsandlocalgovernmentsthathavevoluntarilycommittedtoreducingtheirgreenhousegasemissions.MembersincludeoilgiantBP(BritishPetroleumCo.PLC),drug-makerJohnson&Johnson,andStarbucks.BusinessesintheClimateGrouphavediscoveredthatimprovementsinenergyefficiencycanenhanceprofitsaswellascutfossil-fuelemissions;BP,forinstance,slasheditsenergybillsby$650millionover10years."Wehaveseenimportantevidenceaboutsuccessfulemissionreductionscatteredhereandthereinthemostsurprisingplacesallovertheglobe,"Howardsays."Weareworkingtobringallofittogethersothatitformsabodyofevidence."1、InezY.Funghasfoundinthestudythat_____.A、theproblemofglobalwarminghasattractedgreatattentionB、theearthcannotaccommodatethemountinggreenhousegasC、thecarbondioxideisthemaincomponentofthegreenhousegasD、theoceansandcontinentsareabletotakeinmoregas標準答案：B知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)InezY.Fung可定位至前兩段。第一段中說到“馮又嫦最近指出，地球很快就吸收不了多少導致氣溫升高的溫室氣體了”，所以正確答案為B項。2、Whatdoes"carbonsinks"(Para.2)mean?A、Theprocessofproducinggreenhousegas.B、Thegradualprocessoflandsubmersion.C、Theabsorbersofcarbondioxide.D、Theprocessofformingcarboniccompounds.標準答案：C知識點解析：詞義理解題。題目問的是carbonsink的含義。第一段說的是陸地和海洋在吸收二氧化碳方面的作用，第二段通過But引起轉(zhuǎn)折，指出這兩種吸收體的效率將降低，因此carbonsink的意思為“二氧化碳的吸收體”，答案為C項。3、Whichofthefollowingistrueofthereactionsofauthoritiestotheglobalwarming?A、ThegovernmentdecidestorewritetheKyotoProtocol.B、PartsoftheU.S.willfollowthefederalgovernment’sadvice.C、TheU.S.hasapprovedthenewplanofgasemissions.D、NinestatesintheU.S.willpaddletheirowncanoe.標準答案：D知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)reactionsofauthorities可知需到后兩段尋找答案。第三段說到美國東北部的9個州決定單獨采取行動，可知D項為正確選項。4、Itissuggestedinthelastparagraphthat____.A、thegovernmentprofitedfromtheClimateGroup’sgasemissionreductionB、energyusedmoreefficientlywillbringbenefitstoeconomyaswellasnatureC、energybillsshouldbeslashedinordertomaintainalowlevelofgasemissionD、theClimateGroupistacklingtheproblemthroughaccumulatingstrongevidence標準答案：B知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。最后一段舉了BP的例子說明，提高能源利用率，既能增加利潤，同時也可以減少化石燃料的排放，因此B項為正確選項。5、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A、TheClimateGroup’sCombatB、LessFossilFuels,MorePlantsC、CleanAirandBlueSkyD、ProtectionsfortheClimate標準答案：D知識點解析：主旨大意題。本題要求為全文選擇一個合適的題目。D項“保護氣候”，強調(diào)了保護，涵蓋了文章所述具體措施，因此為本題最佳選項。Inthefirstyearsofthe21stcentury,noareaoftheAmericaneconomyhasexcitedmoreemotionthanthepropertymarket.Firstcametheexcitementofsoaringprices.Thenspiritscamecrashingdownwiththesubprimecrisis,andnowhomeownersareagonizingoverhowfarvaluescouldfall.Anevenbiggerstory,however,maybeyettocome.Americashouldbebracingitselffortheendofthe"generationalhousingbubble",accordingtoanewstudybyDowellMyersandSungHoRyuoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Asthecountry's78millionbaby-boomersretire,thereportargues,thehousingmarketwillchangedramatically.Forthreedecadesbaby-boomershavehelpedpushpricesup:theysettleddown,andthenboughtbiggerhousesandsecondhomes.Butasthefirstofthemcelebratetheir65thbirthdaysin2011,thismaychange.Theoldsellmorehomesthantheybuy.Theratioofoldtoworking-agepeopleisexpectedtogrowby67%overthenexttwodecades.Willtheyoungergenerationbeabletobuyallthehomesonthemarket?Youngadultsmakeupthebulkofnewdemand,withmostpurchasinghomeswhentheyreachtheirearly30s.Thefloodofelderlypeoplesellingtheirhomes,Mr.Myerssuggests,mayleadtoadrawn-outbuyers'market.Pricesmayfallfurtherasyoungerpeople,perceivingadownturn,delaypurchasing.Thisphenomenonwillunfolddifferentlyacrossthecountry.Somestateswillbeginthesell-offlaterthanothers.In15southernandwesternstates—includingtheretirementmagnetsofFloridaandArizona—theelderlydonotbecomenetsellersuntiltheir70s.ExpensivestatessuchasCaliforniaandthecoldstatesofthemid-westandnortheastarelikelytolosethemmorequickly.Themismatchbetweenbuyersandsellersmaybemostacuteintherustbelt,wherenumbersofyoungpeopleandimmigrantsarerisingslowly,ifatall,saysWilliamFreyoftheBrookingsInstitution,athink-tank.Ofcourse,theremaybeotheroutcomes.Suburbs,whichswelledwiththebaby-boomers,maybegintodecline.Ifthebuildingindustrycontracts,homepricesmayremainmorestable.Ordevelopersmayswitchtoservingtheold,buildingmorecompacthousingnearamenities.Townsmaymakeneweffortstoattractimmigrants,whoalreadyaccountedfor40%ofthegrowthinhomeownershipbetween2000and2006.Amongtheseunknowns,onethingismorecertain:thehousingmarketisabouttoenteralongperiodoftransition.Theyoungestbaby-boomerswillnotturn65until2029.6、"Anevenbiggerstory"inParagraph1impliesthatAmericanpropertymarketwill_____.A、continuetobethemostexcitingfieldintheAmericaneconomyB、experiencemoredramaticchangesinthefollowingyearsC、makespiritsgoupwiththedecreasedhousingpricesD、havegreaterimpactonthefeelingsofhomeowners標準答案：B知識點解析：推理判斷題。定位到開頭兩段。此題可聯(lián)系上下文分析。第一段末提出更大的問題將隨之而來，聯(lián)系第二段第一句提到的“時刻準備應(yīng)對持續(xù)一代之久的房地產(chǎn)泡沫的破滅”及第二句的“房地產(chǎn)市場將急劇變化”，B項與之相符。7、AccordingtoDowell,thebaby-boomers_____.A、havebeenmorelikelytobuybiggerandmorehomesB、maycelebratetheirbirthdaysattheageof65C、shouldwelcomethefuturechangebysellingmorehousesD、havemadehousingbubblesinthepastthreedecades標準答案：D知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。定位到第二段，該段講到近三十年來，嬰兒潮一代人推動了房價的攀升，積聚了房地產(chǎn)市場的泡沫，故D項正確。8、Theword"drawn-out"(Para.3)mostprobablymeans_____.A、prolongedB、declinedC、delayedD、enlarged標準答案：A知識點解析：語義理解題。定位到第三段。此題可以根據(jù)其字面意思“拉長的”，以及上下文進行推斷。本段提出老齡人口賣房高潮的到來可能導致買方市場的長期存在。段落末提出年輕一代可能延遲購置行為，故推斷此形容詞與時間有關(guān)，A項最貼切，表示長時間的。9、WilliamFreybelievesthat_____.A、peopleinsouthernstateswouldnotlosetheirhomesuntiltheir70sB、peopleinexpensivestateswouldlosetheirmoneymorequicklyC、youngpeopleandimmigrantshardlyincreaseintherustbeltareasD、elderlypeoplewouldnotliketoretireinFloridaandArizonauntiltheir70s標準答案：C知識點解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)WillianFrey定位到第四段段末。此處講述美國鐵銹地帶的買者和賣者之間的失衡現(xiàn)象最為嚴重，此地區(qū)青年和移民人數(shù)幾乎沒有增長，故C項與之相符。10、Itcouldbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_____.A、suburbswoulddeclinewithincreasedbaby-boomersB、housingpriceswouldkeepsteadyinthecrisisC、thehousingmarketwillexperienceaperiodoftransformationD、immigrantswillbethemajorityofhomeownershipintowns標準答案：C知識點解析：主旨大意題。從最后一段倒數(shù)第二句可知C項“美國房地產(chǎn)市場將進入漫長的轉(zhuǎn)型時期”正確。MercedesestatecarsandFiatrunaroundsarebeingusedtotestupto22differentmonitorsdesignedtodetectifadriverisfallingasleepatthewheelandtriggeraseriesofdevicesdesignedtowakethemup.Theaimoftheproject,fundedby￡4millionofEuropeanUnionmoneyaswellasprivateinvestment,istoreducetheestimated30%offatalaccidentswhicharecausedinEuropeeachyearbydriversdriftingoffatthewheel.Thetestcarshavebeenfittedwithinfraredcameraswhichmonitoreyemovement,touch-padsensorsthatmeasurethedriver'sgriponthesteeringwheelandchassismonitorswhichcheckforveer.Shoulddriversstarttodozeofftheycanbequicklywokenbyasuddenblastofair-conditionedcoldair.Atthesametimeavibratingalarmwillsoundandthedriver'sseatwillbemadetoshake.DaimlerChrysler,ownerofMercedes,aswellasFiat,willownthepatentoftheawakesystem,whichcouldbeinstalledincarsassoonasthisyear.IfthetrialsaresuccessfultheEUisconsideringintroducingadirectivewhichwouldmakethesystemcompulsoryinlong-distancelorries—aleadingcauseofroadaccidents.Accordingtotransportdepartmentfigures,morethan300peopledieeachyearinBritaininaccidentsthoughttobecausedbydriversfallingasleepatthewheel.TenpeoplediedintheSelbyrailcrashlastyearwhenacardriverfellasleeponamotor-way,crashedontoarailwaylineandderailedapassengertrain.MotoringorganizationssaidthenewsystemmightpreventaccidentssuchasSelbybutwerecautiousastowhetheritwouldprovepractical.Thesafetysystemalsomonitorsbrakingfrequencyandcandetecteyemovementtowardstherearandsidemirrors.Asnoonedrivesinexactlythesameway,thesystemmust"learn"theindividualcharacteristicsofitsownerorowners.Theresearchershadconsideredsystemsthatsquirtedarefinedversionofsmellingsaltsatthedozymotorist,openedthewindowsandactivatedthebrakesautomatically.However,suchideashavebeenabandonedaspotentiallydangerous,startlingadriverandleadingtosuddenchangesinsteering.11、Accordingtothetext,ifadriverfallsasleepinoneofthetestcars,_____.A、thecarbrakewillbeactivatedautomaticallytopreventanaccidentB、arefinedversionofsmellingsaltwillbesprayedatthedriverC、thewindowwillbeopenedtoletinfreshairD、avibratingalarmwillsoundtowakethedriverup標準答案：D知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。第二段最后兩句分別提到了兩種喚醒打瞌睡的司機的方法，D項是其中之一，在該段最后一句提到。12、Paragraph2mainlytalksabout_____.A、thecausesoffatalroadaccidentsB、themechanismoftheawakesystemC、thewaystoawakethedozingdriversD、thescheduleofdevelopingtheawakesystem標準答案：B知識點解析：主旨大意題。第二段包含兩個主要內(nèi)容，第一句指出了研究喚醒系統(tǒng)的目的，第二句至最后一句介紹了該系統(tǒng)的運作機制，將四個選項與此對比，即可發(fā)現(xiàn)B項為本題答案。13、WecanlearnfromthetextthatroadaccidentsinEuropearemainlycausedby_____.A、driversfallingasleepatthewheelB、long-distancelorrydrivingC、carswithoutasafetysystemD、drivers’suddenchangesinsteering標準答案：B知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。由題干中的roadaccidents及mainlycaused可定位至第三段最后一句。第三段最后一句指出公路事故的主要肇事者是長途貨車，題干中的mainlycaused對應(yīng)文中的aleadingcause，故正確答案選B項。14、TheauthormayagreethattheSelbycrash_____.A、triggeredthedevelopmentoftheawakesystemB、happenedbecausethetraindriverdriftedoffatthewheelC、highlightedtheadvantagesofinstallingtheawakesystemD、causedresearchers’concernaboutthepracticalityoftheawakesystem標準答案：C知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的Selbycrash可定位至第四段。本文介紹了喚醒系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)，結(jié)合第四段最后一句可以知道，作者提到塞爾比鐵路撞車事故是為了表明喚醒系統(tǒng)可以避免這種事故的發(fā)生，即它的好處，由此可見，C項為本題答案。15、TheEU’sattitudetowardstheawakesystemisoneof_____.A、cautiousoptimismB、insufficientsupportC、sheerconfidenceD、greatskepticism標準答案：A知識點解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干中的專有名詞EU可定位至第二、三段。第二段第一句指出歐盟在經(jīng)濟上對系統(tǒng)的研究給予了很大的支持，第三段最后一句指出歐盟會考慮頒布指令，讓長途貨車安裝該系統(tǒng)，這些表示它對系統(tǒng)是有信心的；另一方面，第三段最后一句中的條件從句和considering一詞表明歐盟對該系統(tǒng)持審慎的態(tài)度，因此A項最能概括歐盟對該系統(tǒng)的態(tài)度。Duringuncertaintimes,peopletendtolookbackandwonderhowitgottothis.Theyfeelmorekeenlytheirmissedopportunitiesandfailuresinjudgment.Regret—thesensethatthingscouldhaveturnedoutbetterifonlyadifferentchoicehadbeenmade—becomespervasive.However,regretneedn'tbeagarmentrending,self-whippingemotion.Instead,itcanbesomethingtovalueanduse.AccordingtoarecentstudybyColleenSaffreyattheUniversityofVictoriainCanadaandcolleaguesattheUniversityofIllinois,mostpeopleholdregretinhighregard.Ofallthenegativeemotions,regretwasidentifiedasthemostvaluedinthatithelpedpeoplemakesenseoflifeeventsandremedywhatwentwrong.Regretishardwiredintohumanbiology,underscoringitsimportanceinbehavior.Advancesinneuro-imagingshowthatwhenapersonexperiencesregret,apartofthebraininvolvedinbothreasoningandemotionbecomesactive.Neurosciencealsotellsusthatlearningprobablyworksbestwhenthereisanintenseemotionalcomponenttoit,soitcouldbethatregretbolstersourabilitytolearnfromexperience.Suggestionslistedbelowmayhelpyoumanagethisemotionandturnitintoatoolforgrowth.Bewareofhindsightbias.Whatyoushouldhavedonealwaysseemsclearerinretrospectthanitwasatthetime.AstheDanishphilosopherKierkegaardputit,"Lifecanonlybeunderstoodbackwards,butitmustbelivedforwards."Hemighthavesaid,"Sodon'tbesohardonyourself."Useregretstoimprovedecisionmakingandclarifyvalues.Insteadofthinkingoverwhatmighthavebeen,letwhathappenedpointtheway.Theregretmighthelpyouprioritizeyourinvestmentsinrelationships,servicetothecommunity,health,andtime,aswellashelpyousetreasonablefinancialgoals.Balanceregretandrisk.Insteadofchoosingalessriskyoptionthatyouareleastlikelytoregret,choosetheonethatwillmaximizeyourchanceofreachingrealisticgoals.Infact,pastexperiencesofregretmayhavegivenyouabetterappreciationofrisk,whichisasignofgrowth.Don'tworryalone,especiallyifyouaredrowninginregret.Ifmiserylovescompany,it'sbecauseperspectivehelps.It'sgoodtoknowyou'renottheonly"idiot"intheneighborhood.Onsomelevel,we'reallidiots.Themostsuccessfulpeoplearethosewhohavebeenresoluteinthefaceoffailure.Ifyourthoughtsturnmorbid,getprofessionalhelpsoyoucangobacktostrivingtowardyourpersonalandcareergoals.16、Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,regret_____.A、canbeavoidedifwemakeadifferentchoiceB、occurswhenwelookbackC、isthemostpervasivenegativeemotionD、canhelppeoplelearnandimprovelife標準答案：D知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一、二段。第二段提出遺憾有它的價值并可被利用，并在段末說“它幫助人們理解生活事件……想出補救措施”。故D項為答案。17、ColleenSaffreywouldmostprobablyagreethat______.A、peopleshouldlearntoavoidregretB、regretisnolongeranegativeemotionC、thoughnegative,regretisofvaluetopeopleD、regretcanhelppeoplefindtheproblems標準答案：C知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)CoUeenSaffrey定位到第二段。該段說ConeenSaffrey的研究表明“在所有的消極情緒中，遺憾被認為是最有價值的”，故C項為答案。18、Theword"underscoring"(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto_____.A、underminingB、decreasingC、emphasizingD、devaluing標準答案：C知識點解析：語義理解題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段。本段從人體生理學的角度解釋為什么遺憾具有價值，并在段末總結(jié)“遺憾提高著我們從經(jīng)驗中吸取教訓的能力”，故可以推斷，underscoring與emphasizing(強調(diào))意思最接近，C項為答案。19、ThephilosopherKierkegaardisquotedto_____.A、showhisphilosophicalideasaboutlifeandregretB、givepeoplesuggestiononmanagementofregretC、tellpeoplenottobetoohardonthemselvesinlifeD、explainwhypeopleshouldbewareofhindsightbias標準答案：D知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Kierkegaard定位到第四段。本段先提出下面開始介紹將遺憾情緒轉(zhuǎn)化成成長工具的辦法，但在此之前，提醒讀者要“警惕事后諸葛亮的偏執(zhí)”，進而引用Kierkegaard，說“生活需要往前看”，故引用的目的應(yīng)為解釋為什么要警惕“事后諸葛亮的偏執(zhí)”，D項為答案。undefined20、Regretcanbevaluedandusedto_____.A、helppeopletochoosealessriskyoptionB、helpyoumakebetterdecisionsC、helpyouprioritizeyourrelationshipsD、helppeopletoachievetheirpersonalandcareergoals標準答案：B知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)選項定位到第五至七段。第五段中提到“利用遺憾的情緒來提高決策……”，故B項“幫助做更好的決定”為答案。Manufacturersofeverythingfromrunningshoestodeodorants,asubstancetoremoveunpleasantodors,designproductsspecificallyforwomen.Oneofthelatestentries:thefirstartificialjointcreatedfor—andheavilyadvertisedto—females.Doctorssayit'stoosoontotellwhethertheGenderKneerepresentsagiantleapforwomankindorifitgivesitsmaker,ZimmerHoldingsInc.,alegupinthemarket.Inthecaseoftheknees,accordingtoZimmer,here'showmenandwomenaredifferent:First,thekneecap,isthinnerinwomen.Also,women'swiderhipscreateadifferentanglebetweenthekneeandpelvis—thewide,curvedgroupofbonesatthelevelofhips,whichcanmeanthekneecapgetspulledtothesidewhenthemusclescontract.Andtheendofthethighboneistypicallynarrowerinmen.Mostartificialkneesweremodeledonthemaleanatomy—whichmayexplainwhykneereplacementsinwomenaren'tassuccessfulwhenmeasuredbyreportedpainanddo-overrates.Butwillthenew(andmoreexpensive)replacementactuallyservewomenbetter?"Intheory,yes,buttheevidenceisn'tthere,"saysKimberlyTempleton,anassociateprofessoroforthopedicsurgery(preventionorcorrectionofdisordersofthebonesandassociatedmusclesandjoints)attheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenterandaspokespersonfortheAmericanAcademyofOrthopedicSurgeons.SherylConley,Zimmer'schiefmarketingofficer,sayssevenstudiesnowunderwaywilllookatpatientsatisfactionandrangeofmotion.Preliminarydatawillbeavailableinayearorso.Anatomicaldifferencesaside,Templetonsays,replacementkneesmaynotperformwellinwomeninpartbecausefemalestendtodelaysurgery—sometimesuntilthey'reboundtothehousebydisability.Inaddition,it'snotclearthatthemanufacturer'sspecializeddesignwilltranslatetolesspain,saysStevenHaas,anorthopedicsurgeonandchiefofthekneeserviceattheHospitalforSpecialSurgeryinNewYork.Forexample,makingthefrontofthereplacementkneethinnerbyonetwenty-fifthofaninchwon'tnecessarilymakeanoticeabledifferencetorecipients.Havingacorrectlyfitteddeviceisclearlyimportant,saysHaas,whonotesthatothercompanieshavemodifiedtheirsmallerkneestoaccountforgenderdifferencesinanatomy.(HaashasconsultedwithSmith&Nephew,arivaltoZimmer.)Moreimportant,saysHaas,istofindaskillfulsurgeon.Differencesbetweenimplants,heargues,arerelativelyminorcomparedtothetechniqueofthesurgeonputtingthemin.21、Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A、Alotofproductsaredesignedandmanufacturedspecificallyformen.B、ItisunclearwhethertheGenderKneewillhelpitsmakermoresuccessful.C、ItisclearthattheGenderKneewillmakeitsmakersuffergreatlosses.D、Itisclearthatthefirstartificialjointcreatedforfemalesrepresentsagiantleap.標準答案：B知識點解析：推理判斷題。第一段第三句it’stoo…to“太……而不能”結(jié)構(gòu)表明，“女性膝蓋”是否會在市場上取得成功，現(xiàn)在還言之過早，故B項正確。22、AccordingtoParagraph2,kneereplacementsinwomenhaven’tachievedgreatsuccessinthat_____.A、womenhavethinnerkneecaporpatellathanthatofmenB、women’swiderhipsmaketheartificialkneepulledtothesideC、artificialkneesaredesignedbasedonthefeaturesofmen’sbodyD、womenhavewiderendofthethighbonethanthatofmen標準答案：C知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。題目問原因，尋找答案時要特別留意why或because等字眼。第二段第四句why表明原因：女性膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)的成功率比男性低是因為大部分的人造膝蓋都是依照男性的骨骼構(gòu)造制作的，故C項正確。23、TowhichofthefollowingstatementswouldKimberlyTempletonmostlikelyagree?A、Thenewkneereplacementwillservewomenbetterclinically.B、Theunderperformanceofreplacementkneesmaybefoundinwomen.C、Womensometimesmayrefusetoreceivethekneereplacementsurgery.D、Thereplacementkneesmakeagoodperformanceinwomen.標準答案：B知識點解析：觀點態(tài)度題。KimberlyTempleton在第三段說了很多話，其中第五句提到，女性實施膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)效果不佳(maynotperformwell)，由此判斷，B項為正確答案。24、TheexampleofthechangeofreplacementkneecitedinParagraph4showsthat_____.A、thenewreplacementkneemayormaynotrelievethepainB、thefrontofreplacementkneewillbemadethinneralittlebitC、thechangeofreplacementkneewon’tbringchangestotherecipientsD、thenewreplacementkneeisofgreatimportancetotherecipients標準答案：A知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。舉例一般是為了說明某個觀點。第四段第一句的觀點是：尚不能確定這款新設(shè)計是否能夠減輕患者的疼痛感，隨后第二句舉例論證該觀點，可見A項與題意相符。25、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A、TheDifferenceofMenandWomeninKneesB、TheImportanceoftheTechniqueoftheKneeSurgeonC、ANewKneeBuiltforWomenOnlyD、TheProspectofGenderKnee標準答案：C知識點解析：主旨大意題。從全文大意、第一段、最后一段可以推斷出，全文圍繞這種專門為女性所設(shè)計的膝蓋展開討論，故C項與之相符?？佳杏⒄Z（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)You'veheardit100timesalready,andit'samessagethatweatScienceCareersworkhardtoconvey:Carefulplanningisessentialforasuccessfulcareerinscience.Becomingascientistrequiresyearsoftrainingandalongseriesofgooddecisions.ChoosingaPh.D.supervisorwhowillsupportyou,pickingagoodlabforyourpostdoc,decidingwhichresearchprojectstopursue,decidingwhethertostayinyourcurrentpositionandfinishsomeimportantworkortomoveontoanotherexcitingopportunity—suchdecisionsshouldnotbemadewithoutcarefuldeliberation.Yetsometimeseventhemostmotivatedofscientistsintrainingareledastraybysomeotherpassion.Andtheresult,sometimes,canbewonderful.Accidents,spontaneousactsofpassion,decisionstakencasually—allcanleadtototallynewandunexpectedcareers,fullofnewandunexpectedchallenges,offeringgreatprofessionalandpersonalsatisfaction.AsScienceCareerscontributingeditorElisabethPainreports,AngeloVermeulenisoneofthosechildrenwhowasborntobecomearesearcher."Iwaslikethesciencekidoftheclass.Ihadmyownlab,withamicroscopeandchemicalsandbinoculars,andImadethesewalksinnature,collectingsamples,"hesaysin"TheItinerantArtist".Buthealsohadatalentforthevisualandconceptualarts,andashedidhisPh.D.inbiologyattheUniversityofLeuven,healsolearnedphotography.Yearslater,Vermeulenhasreconciledhisdualinterests,producingartthatoftenincorporatesscience.JorgeChamwasenrolledinthemaster'sprograminmechanicalengineeringatStanfordUniversitywhenthestudentnewspaper,TheStanfordDaily,putoutacallseekingideasforanewcomicstrip,ScienceinternSaraCoehlowritesin"PiledHigherandDeeper:TheEverydayLifeofaGradStudent."Afterdiscussingsomeideaswithfriendsoverdinner,Cham,whousedtodoodleasachildbuthadnevertriedcartooning,proposedacomicstripaboutagroupofoverworked,underpaid,procrastinatinggraduatestudentsandtheirterrifyingadvisers.PiledHigherandDeeper,orPHD,hasgoneontobecomeacultcartoonandChamaprofessionalcartoonist.Sometimesalate-bloomingpassioncanleadtoafull-timecareer.JeffMangahas,whostudiedplantandmolecularbiologyattheUniversityofWashingtonandbecameatechnicianinacancerlab,foundhisinterestinwineincreasing.Soon,"theromanticsideofwinetookholdofme,"Mangahassays.Atranscendentwine-drinkingexperiencedrewhimintothewinemakingfield.1、Thefirstparagraphmainlymeansto______.A、provethatpeopleshouldquitdoingordinaryworktograbnewopportunitiesB、explainwhypeoplehaveheardthesayingforsomanytimesC、statethatsuccessfulscientificcareerneedsthoroughconsiderationD、demonstratethatpickingagoodlabisofgreatsignificancetoone’spostdoc標準答案：C知識點解析：屬段落大意題。本段第一句就指出了本段的核心觀點，并在接下來的內(nèi)容中舉例進行說明，由此可知選項C符合題意，故正確。選項A屬于無中生有，文中并未給出該如何做選擇，故錯誤。選項B同樣是無中生有，原文只是用夸張(100次)的手法來說明這個觀點的普遍性，而不是一個事實，更不是對此的解釋，故錯誤。選項D屬于以偏概全，事實確實如此，但不是段落的主要內(nèi)容，只是一個例子，故錯誤。2、WecaninferfromParagraph3and4that______.A、aneditorofthemagazineismeanttobecomeascientistB、Angelodidn’tshowhisartistictalentasayoungboyC、Jorgedidn’tdreamofbeingacartoonistsincelittleD、peoplearewastingtheirtimebyreadingPHD標準答案：C知識點解析：屬信息推斷題。選項A犯了偷梁換柱的錯誤，這本雜志的特約編輯介紹了一個人，這個人才是天生的研究者，而非這名編輯，故錯誤。選項B屬于曲解文意，文章提到了Vermeulen很早就有了藝術(shù)天賦，故錯誤。選項D犯了無中生有的錯誤，作者并未評價這部漫畫是否值得看，故錯誤。選項C符合原文，Cham的經(jīng)歷就是一次機緣巧合，故正確。3、TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3refersto______.A、chosenfromB、givenupC、madepreferencebetweenD、achievedaccordancebetween標準答案：D知識點解析：屬詞義推斷題。想要理解考查詞的含義就需要仔細閱讀上下文?？疾樵~所在句的后半句正是對前半句的解釋說明，意思是進行與科學相關(guān)的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，因此可知Vermeulen是將藝術(shù)和科學融合到了一起，使兩者和諧共存，故選項D正確。選項A(從二者中選擇)，選項B(放棄)，選項C(在二者間更傾向于)顯然都不符合原文意思，故均錯誤。4、BymentioningthecaseofJeffMangahas,theauthorintendsto______.A、statethatworkinginthelabistooboredtotolerateB、provethatevenlatepassioncanalterone’scareerpathC、advocatethatmorepeopleshouldstepintothewinemakingfieldD、demonstratehowJeffwasattractedtothewinebusiness標準答案：B知識點解析：屬邏輯關(guān)系題。仔細閱讀題目所在段可知只有第一句是觀點性的表達，其他都是對這個例子內(nèi)容的陳述，因此可知作者就是為了說明第一句的觀點，故選項B符合題意。選項A和C屬于無中生有，作者根本未表達出這層含義，故錯誤。選項D屬于答非所問，并非作者意圖，故錯誤。5、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A、Followinginstinctmayleadtogoodresultssometimes.B、Mechanicalengineershavethetalenttomakecomicstrips.C、Oneshouldfollowstrictlytheplantomakeachievementsinscience.D、TheromanticsideofAngeloisthedecisivefactorincareerchoosing.標準答案：A知識點解析：屬事實細節(jié)題。選項B犯了以偏概全的錯誤，Jorge的例子不能證明所有的動力工程師都具有畫漫畫的天賦，故錯誤。選項D犯了移花接木的錯誤，是將不同部分的內(nèi)容拼湊而成，故錯誤。文章并未強調(diào)一定要遵照計劃，反而提到一些轉(zhuǎn)變可能會帶來意想不到的成功，故選項A正確，而選項C曲解了作者本意。Theriseofglobalization,bothaneconomicandculturaltrendthathassweptthroughouttheworld,hasforgednewgroundasweenterthe21stcentury.Butaretheeffectsofglobalizationalwayspositive?Somesayno.MichaelTenet,headoftheInternationalInstituteforForeignRelationsinAtlanta,isworriedaboutcurrentresentmentthroughouttheworldtowardstheriseofglobalization."Eversincethe1980sandtheeconomiccollapseoftheAsianTigersinthelate1990s,therehasbeenareevaluationoftheroleglobalizationasaforceforgood,"hesaid."Incomesinmanycountriesplummetedandthegapbetweenthemostrichandthemostpoorhasbeenexacerbated.Withoutfurtherinterventionbygovernments,wecouldseeatragedyexpressedinanincreasedlevelofpovertythroughoutLatinAmericaandAsia."GeorgeFrank,aninfluentialeconomistw